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Visual Search Array Structure And Satisfaction Of Search Errors: Evidence From Eye Movements, Leah Gloskey
Visual Search Array Structure And Satisfaction Of Search Errors: Evidence From Eye Movements, Leah Gloskey
Psychology
Multiple-target visual searches are susceptible to errors when the recognition of one target hinders the detection of another. This phenomenon is known as "satisfaction of search" (SOS; Tuddenham, 1962) or more recently "subsequent search misses" (SSM; Cain, et al. 2013). Although this phenomenon was first identified in radiology, SSM errors extend beyond the medical domain. Exploring SSM errors in proofreading, this study examines whether the discovery of one misspelled word interferes with the detection of a second misspelled word amongst other correctly spelled words. Manipulating the display structure of task, it is hypothesized that the pattern of SSM errors may …
Rack1 Facilitates Efficient Translation Of Viral And Cellular Iress, Natasha Permaul
Rack1 Facilitates Efficient Translation Of Viral And Cellular Iress, Natasha Permaul
Anthropology
Ribosomes, the cellular machinery that translates mRNA sequences into protein sequences, are surprisingly heterogeneous molecules. More and more ribosomal proteins have been shown to facilitate translation of mRNA subsets. These mRNA subsets include mRNAs that can initiate translation using non-canonical pathways, for example using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). IRESs are RNA structures that facilitate translation with fewer translation initiation factors than are required for canonical cap-dependent translation initiation. The ribosomal protein Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) has been previously shown to be required for translation of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES, but not required for …
Empathy And Negative Reciprocity As Predictors Of Third-Party Punishment, Olivia Johansen
Empathy And Negative Reciprocity As Predictors Of Third-Party Punishment, Olivia Johansen
Psychology
What motivates us to punish others? Individual differences dictate most of our behaviors, so our beliefs about fairness and retribution play into the type and degree of punishment we administer. Past work has highlighted the significant negative correlation between empathy and punishment, but a potentially stronger predictor of punishment behavior exists. This study pits empathic concern against negative norms about reciprocity to see which is a better predictor of punishment behavior in an economic goods game. We predicted that the negative reciprocity would be a better predictor of punishment than empathy, but ultimately found that empathy prevailed as the stronger …
Effects Of Stereotype Threat On Black And White Individuals’ Verbal Responses In Police Encounters, Samantha N. Strine
Effects Of Stereotype Threat On Black And White Individuals’ Verbal Responses In Police Encounters, Samantha N. Strine
Psychology
I examined whether Black and White individuals have different verbal behaviors in police encounters and, if so, whether stereotype threat explains these differences. This question is important because police officers use certain verbal behaviors as evidence of deception. Thus, unconscious behaviors arising from concern about being stereotyped as a criminal could cause Black men to be perceived by police as suspicious and, in turn, contribute to discrepancies in police treatment of Black versus White men. In this study, Black and White men interacted with a White security officer in a staged encounter that varied in stereotype relevance (low or high). …
Energetics Among Collegiate Cross-Country Runners, Kelsey M. Briddell
Energetics Among Collegiate Cross-Country Runners, Kelsey M. Briddell
Anthropology
The purpose of this study is to determine the energy expenditure of collegiate long distance runners in practice sessions and determine how energetics differ between six male and six female runners. Previous research has looked at aerobic capacity, injury risk, and dietary adequacy. Currently, there is little research on energetics (calories expended during a given running period) throughout a season. Energy expenditure was measured during nine practice sessions by using heart rate monitors. From this data we calculated mean submaximal heart rate (SHR) and used the Flex-Heart Rate method to estimate total energy expenditure (TEE) of the runners. We compared …
Determining Biological Sex Via An Individual Marker, Eden Alin
Determining Biological Sex Via An Individual Marker, Eden Alin
Anthropology
For decades, fingerprints have been a key tool in forensic analysis for the purpose of identifying criminals. However, when deposited at a crime scene, there is often a small chance that the fingerprint will match one in the FBI’s database of millions of files called, the Automated Fingerprint Identification System, or AFIS. Beyond their unique image, fingerprints contain and may unveil far more information about an individual. In this study, a chemical assay, the Sakaguchi test, was further developed for the analysis of a single amino acid, arginine, found within fingerprint sweat. Although arginine has significantly low concentration levels, the …
Gender In Politics: A Comparative Study Of Female Representation In The New York State Senate, Kaylynn Enright
Gender In Politics: A Comparative Study Of Female Representation In The New York State Senate, Kaylynn Enright
Public Administration & Policy
This paper utilizes data obtained from the New York State Senate spanning five elections between 2008 and 2016 to determine if gender impacts election outcomes. More specifically, I attempt to understand if the New York State Senate matches the common belief in the literature that women tend to fare less well than men in elections, and female Democrats have greater success than female Republicans in winning elections. By focusing on the New York State Senate, I seek to uncover whether the idiosyncrasies of New York State politics are reflected in any distinctions from the prominent conclusions made in the literature …
Healthcare Services For The Displaced: A Comparative Study Between Internally And Externally Displaced Populations In The Duhok Governorate Of Iraq, Shannon Moquin
Public Administration & Policy
Although forced displacement is not a new problem, the topic has gained increasing attention due to the Syrian refugee crisis. This paper serves to explore the legal, contextual and practical differences between internally and externally displaced populations. The correlation between legal displacement status and access to healthcare is explored. Information was gathered from surveys of displaced individuals residing in urban areas of the Duhok region of Iraq, as well as comparing the amount of services provided to displacement camps in the region. It is found that there is a statistically significant difference in health services accessed by internally displaced and …
Are Jurors’ Judgments About Confessions Affected By Juvenile Defendant Race?, Lisa Dobrowolsky
Are Jurors’ Judgments About Confessions Affected By Juvenile Defendant Race?, Lisa Dobrowolsky
Criminal Justice
This research is focused on understanding jurors’ beliefs about how much weight juvenile defendants’ confessions should be given, especially when the confessions were coerced. This is an important topic because adolescents are vulnerable and at risk for producing false confessions. Because of their age and other developmental factors, they can sometimes be coerced by police during interrogation to admit to crimes they did not commit. Once a confession is obtained, it can be very persuasive to jurors because it is hard for them to believe that someone would admit to a crime they did not commit. This can lead to …
The Legacy Of The Historic Canal System In Central New York: Evaluation Of Cultural Ecosystem Services In The Lower Mohawk River, Ny, Madison Corbeil
The Legacy Of The Historic Canal System In Central New York: Evaluation Of Cultural Ecosystem Services In The Lower Mohawk River, Ny, Madison Corbeil
Geography and Planning
The canal system of New York State served as a catalyst for industry and generated a significant amount of revenue over the course of its useful life as a public work. However, with the emergence of faster, more efficient methods of transport, much of the canal was abandoned or filled during the early 1900’s.While these portions of the canal no longer offer their former economic value as a trade route, the land they once inhabited continues to serve the surrounding communities in a variety of ways. This paper in particular focuses on the Cultural Ecosystem Services provided by the land …
The Salvadoran Struggle: A Transnational Resistance Against Imperialism, Erik Villalobos
The Salvadoran Struggle: A Transnational Resistance Against Imperialism, Erik Villalobos
Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies Honors Program
No abstract provided.
Guatemalan Youth And Education: Family, Environment, And Dropping Out, Katie Grasso
Guatemalan Youth And Education: Family, Environment, And Dropping Out, Katie Grasso
Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies Honors Program
Guatemalan education, in rural and urban areas throughout the 21st century, has gone through various fluctuations and has been studied by numerous scholars including Adelman Ainsworth, Bassi et. al, Behrman, Crane, Davis, Rogers, Tumen, and Yount who all study different aspects of education including parental investment, neighborhood life, family life, parental migration, poverty and class issues, and other interdisciplinary aspects of these issues. This project focuses on how sociocultural aspects, like family and environment, effect middle and secondary school dropout rates in both rural and urban Guatemala throughout the 21st century for children ages 13 to 18. In …
Free Trade Does Not Free People, Ernesto Porcari
Free Trade Does Not Free People, Ernesto Porcari
Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies Honors Program
The following paper is in attempt reveal, analyze and explain the effects the North American Free Trade Agreement specifically along the US-Mexican border region. Starting with the agreement itself, the ratification, and the elements surrounding its implementation, this paper will then move through analyzing the quantitative and qualitative effects NAFTA has had along the border region of the United States and Mexico. Taking those effects, the comparison enshrined in the title: whether free trade frees people (free as in a better life) will be tested and analyzed for a possible grading the results of NAFTA has had. Finally, the future …
Homeland Security/Emergency Management Budgets By Each U.S. State: Why Do Some States Allocate So Much More Money Than Others Do?, Anna R. Agnes
Homeland Security/Emergency Management Budgets By Each U.S. State: Why Do Some States Allocate So Much More Money Than Others Do?, Anna R. Agnes
Political Science
Why do some U.S. states allocate so much more money to their homeland security/emergency management budgets than others states do? This paper looks at multiple possible claims as to why this might be, including the political party control of the state, the state’s location to another country or body of water, the history of terrorist attacks in the state since September 11th, 2001, and the amount of money that is allocated to the state from the federal Homeland Security Grant Program. Budget information on each state’s homeland security/emergency management budget as well as the state’s overall FY 17 budget was …
Underwhelming Success Of United States Foreign Assistance, Yissett Peralta
Underwhelming Success Of United States Foreign Assistance, Yissett Peralta
Political Science
Foreign assistance offers, humanitarian support, military support and financial support to recipients who have faced some form of disaster. In my research I have concluded that the underwhelming success, is to do many things, a countries instability, corruption, but most importantly the time and finances the United is willing or not will to put forth for that country. In analyzing the underwhelming success, one must also factor in the goals and interest of the United States, providing aid to certain countries. In conducting my research and analyzing Iraq, Bosnia and Haiti, the money is not being used in an efficient …
Developmental Changes In Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptor 1 In The Postnatal Dentate Gyrus, Danielle Fico
Developmental Changes In Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptor 1 In The Postnatal Dentate Gyrus, Danielle Fico
Psychology
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been established as a key modulator in the stress response. Areas of research have primarily focused on brain regions that control the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, extensive research has yet to be conducted on the CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) in the dentate gyrus, a region associated with memory functions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate age-related changes in CRFR1 in the granule layer and the hilus layer of the dentate gyrus in CRFR1 reporter mice at three different age groups; pre-pubertal (p21), adult (p90), and old (22-24 months) age. The results of …
Death By Government, Noah S. Waxner
Death By Government, Noah S. Waxner
Criminal Justice
Capital punishment has always remained a controversial topic in society, and lately has proved to be a contributing source to the political divide in our country. Moreover, our great nation was founded on the ideals of individualism and a distaste for large government and its overwhelming powers. As a result, our founding fathers established a society in which the people rule and the individual's needs are valued higher than the rest. This paper will cover the flaws in capital punishment, and how, although it may serve a certain purpose, its potential for failure is too considerable to remain a U.S. …
Prosecutorial Discretion: Charging & Plea Bargaining, Wyatt Greth
Prosecutorial Discretion: Charging & Plea Bargaining, Wyatt Greth
Criminal Justice
No abstract provided.
Public Program Evaluation In Health Economics : An Empirical Study, Linna Xu
Public Program Evaluation In Health Economics : An Empirical Study, Linna Xu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation consists of three essays on public program evaluation in health economics. This dissertation explores the estimation of treatment effects of public programs on risky behaviors, health insurance status, labor market outcomes or other health-related outcomes among adolescents or young adults and addresses causality inferences based on empirical modeling, analysis and applications. The first chapter in this dissertation identifies the causal treatment effects of keg registration laws on underage alcohol consumption and related outcomes: alcohol-related traffic fatalities, by exploiting the substantial variations in the timing of the introduction of these laws across different states at different times. Using the …
Bossy, Abrasive And A Bit Too Aggressive : The Unique Double Bind Of Agentic Women In The Workplace, Lindsay Ciancetta
Bossy, Abrasive And A Bit Too Aggressive : The Unique Double Bind Of Agentic Women In The Workplace, Lindsay Ciancetta
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Women who violate the female gender role norm of communality by acting agentically have been found to experience social repercussions, such as decreased likability (Eagly & Wood, 2012). This phenomenon has been defined as the backlash effect (Rudman, 1998). The current work draws upon this idea and expands the area to a qualitative criterion, specifically written performance appraisals, and explores the relationship between the backlash effect and individual outcomes of perceived supervisor support, affective organizational commitment and turnover intentions. The results of a mixed qualitative and quantitative analysis of a sample of 400 written performance evaluations from two organizations provide …
Exploring Religiosity And Spirituality On The Meaning Of Hiv/Aids And Service Provision In Malawi, Sung Ah Choi
Exploring Religiosity And Spirituality On The Meaning Of Hiv/Aids And Service Provision In Malawi, Sung Ah Choi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Almost two-thirds of the total HIV/AIDS infected populations in the world
Alumni And Named Structures : A Qualitative Analysis Of Major Gift Donors, Allison Cherkosly
Alumni And Named Structures : A Qualitative Analysis Of Major Gift Donors, Allison Cherkosly
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Reduced government support has caused higher education institutions to become more dependent on philanthropic contributions. Since the majority of funds come from a small number of donors (Longfield, 2014), it’s important to focus on the highest level of donors. However, there was a lack of research that specifically studied alumni major gift donors who name physical structures with their philanthropic gifts to their alma maters. My intent in developing this study was to fill this gap and help higher education institutions secure more funds.
From Jim Crow To Diversity : Racial Formation As Institutional Logic In The U.S. National Park Service, 1935-2011, Rick Caceres-Rodriguez
From Jim Crow To Diversity : Racial Formation As Institutional Logic In The U.S. National Park Service, 1935-2011, Rick Caceres-Rodriguez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study uses the U.S. National Park Service (NPS) as case to study how racial formation in organizations is shaped by the changing institutional logics of race. It draws from the institutional logics perspective to advance theorizing on race in organizations as a multi-level process structured by societal race dynamics. It does so by studying three critical moments in the history of the NPS in which the organization was exposed, and had to respond to, varying logics of race.
Marriageable Us, Undesirable Them : Reproducing Social Inequalities Through Marital Boundaries, Yuching Cheng
Marriageable Us, Undesirable Them : Reproducing Social Inequalities Through Marital Boundaries, Yuching Cheng
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous efforts applying a one-identity-at-work model suggest that upward mobility serves as an engine for marital assimilation. This model allows for the identification of immigrant conditions for integration. However, it does not fully explain the racial and gender asymmetry associated with intermarriage. I am applying an intersectionality approach to addressing issues concerning when and how group differences affect the construction of marriageability, defined as marital boundaries based on us/ them distinctions. Drawing from interviews with 67 highly achieving, Chinese-speaking immigrants and their children residing in the San Diego area, I present evidence illustrating the interactive effects among race, ethnicity, nation, …
Now, Tomorrow, Forever The Persistence Of School Segregation In America, Dustin Connors
Now, Tomorrow, Forever The Persistence Of School Segregation In America, Dustin Connors
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision has long been heralded as a landmark ruling and as evidence of America's progress toward a more accepting and equitable society. What is less widely known outside of academic circles is the extent to which that ruling failed to provide the equality its supporters were seeking. Today, America is still wrestling with a crisis most of us thought long solved: the racial segregation within our school districts. In my documentary film entitled Now, Tomorrow, Forever: The Persistence of School Segregation in America, I will set out to explore the state …
Help-Seeking Attitudes Of Black College Students : The Effects Of Racism, Cultural Mistrust, And Campus Racial Climate, Megan Cusick Brix
Help-Seeking Attitudes Of Black College Students : The Effects Of Racism, Cultural Mistrust, And Campus Racial Climate, Megan Cusick Brix
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Black college students utilize mental health services less often than other racial groups, despite experiencing psychological distress (Kearney, Draper, & Baron, 2005; Sontag-Padilla et al., 2016). Black students face a number of unique barriers including experiences with racism, poorer adjustment, and cultural mistrust, which have been linked to poor retention outcomes (Iacovino & James, 2016), particularly at predominantly White institutions (PWIs). While there is a need for mental health service utilization among this population, a number of factors impact students' willingness to seek services. The current study examined the role of race-related stress, cultural mistrust, and campus racial climate in …
Marianismo Beliefs, Ethnic Identity Commitment, And Acculturative Stress Among Recent Latina Young Adult Immigrants, Lauren E. Dasen
Marianismo Beliefs, Ethnic Identity Commitment, And Acculturative Stress Among Recent Latina Young Adult Immigrants, Lauren E. Dasen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Because young adult, Latina/o immigrants encompass a rapidly growing minority group in the U.S., there is need for empirical literature focusing on their mental health and the ways in which it relates with identity and culture. The primary aim of the present study was to examine the relations among dimensions of marianismo beliefs and indices of acculturative stress as moderated by ethnic identity commitment among recent Latina young adult immigrants.
The Comparative Lethality Of Two Disparate World Regions : An Examination Of Latin America And Europe To Explain Discrepant Homicide Trends, Karise Marie Curtis
The Comparative Lethality Of Two Disparate World Regions : An Examination Of Latin America And Europe To Explain Discrepant Homicide Trends, Karise Marie Curtis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Within recent decades, homicide rates in Latin American nations have strongly diverged from those of European nations. The former experienced a sharp increase in the last two decades, while the latter have experienced the oft-characterized “modern crime decline.” However, few studies have endeavored to explain this divergence, and many that do often attribute any differences to a regional dummy variable said to characterize some unique phenomenon occurring in the region (i.e., machismo) without modeling specifically for levels of said phenomenon. As such, this study uses a panel extension of a well-known homicide model (Land, McCall, & Cohen, 1990) in a …
In Their Own Voices : A Mixed Methodology Study Of An Independent Living Program For Foster And Homeless Youth, Emily Elizabeth Delorenzo
In Their Own Voices : A Mixed Methodology Study Of An Independent Living Program For Foster And Homeless Youth, Emily Elizabeth Delorenzo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of an Independent Living Program in upstate New York on foster and homeless youths’ ability to successfully transition to independence. The quantitative portion of this mixed methodology study examines whether or not the program as a whole had any effect on the progress of youth in the domains of employment, housing and education. The results indicate that greater number of days in the program and a thorough discharge plan were associated with positive outcomes for youth. The qualitative portion of this study provides much needed descriptive data on youths’ attitudes …
More Is Not Always Better : Examining The Influence Of Group Qualities On Need Satisfaction And The Social Cure Effect, Tina Christine Demarco
More Is Not Always Better : Examining The Influence Of Group Qualities On Need Satisfaction And The Social Cure Effect, Tina Christine Demarco
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A large body of recent literature suggests that social identification leads to better well-being, a relationship that has been coined the “social cure” effect. This positive relationship has been attributed to the satisfaction of global psychological needs, including the needs for self-esteem, belongingness, perceived personal control, and a meaningful existence (Greenaway et al., 2016). However, this line of research has yet to fully to understand what and how group qualities may undermine or bolster this effect, and whether certain group qualities satisfy these needs differentially. Three studies were conducted to examine the influence of group qualities (i.e., group esteem, identity …