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Forest Fire Management, Climate Change, And The Risk Of Catastrophic Carbon Losses, David M. J. S Bowman, Brett P. Murphy, Mathias M. Boer, Ross A. Bradstock, Geoffrey J. Cary, Mark A. Cochrane, Rodderick J. Fensham, Meg A. Krawchuk, Owen F. Price, Richard J. Williams
Forest Fire Management, Climate Change, And The Risk Of Catastrophic Carbon Losses, David M. J. S Bowman, Brett P. Murphy, Mathias M. Boer, Ross A. Bradstock, Geoffrey J. Cary, Mark A. Cochrane, Rodderick J. Fensham, Meg A. Krawchuk, Owen F. Price, Richard J. Williams
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Approaches to management of fireprone forests are undergoing rapid change, driven by recognition that technological attempts to subdue fire at large scales (fire suppression) are ecologically and economically unsustainable. However, our current framework for intervention excludes the full scope of the fire management problem within the broader context of fire−vegetation−climate interactions. Climate change may already be causing unprecedented fire activity, and even if current fires are within the historical range of variability, models predict that current fire management problems will be compounded by more frequent extreme fire-conducive weather conditions (eg Fried et al. 2004).
Gendered Dimensions Of Aboriginal Australian And California Indian Fire Knowledge Retention And Revival, Christine Eriksen
Gendered Dimensions Of Aboriginal Australian And California Indian Fire Knowledge Retention And Revival, Christine Eriksen
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Fire has played a key role in the land management practices of Aboriginal Australians and Native Americans for millennia. However, colonial interests have disrupted indigenous use of fire in multiple ways. This article summarises how gender is entwined—spatially and temporally— in the adaptive knowledge trajectories through which some Aboriginal Australian and California Indian fire knowledge is retained and revived. The article draws on oral narratives shared by indigenous elders, cultural practitioners, and land stewards during prescribed burns, fire knowledge workshops, field trips with students, informal conversations and audio-recorded interviews.
The Historical Influence Of Fire On The Flammability Of Subalpine Snowgum Forest And Woodland, Philip Zylstra
The Historical Influence Of Fire On The Flammability Of Subalpine Snowgum Forest And Woodland, Philip Zylstra
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
It is widely assumed that regardless of the community in question, recently burnt forests are less flammable than long-unburnt areas, so that the fire-flammability feedback is negative. An alternative hypothesis has been proposed for Snowgum forest/woodland based on deterministic fire behaviour modelling, describing a posi tive feedback where mature forests are significantly less flammable than more recently burnt areas. To test this, the relative area burnt by wildfire was examined for 53 years of mapped fire history in 190 000 ha of subalpine Snowgum across the Australian Alps National Parks in south-eastern Australia. Results supported the deterministic modelling, demonstrating that …
Physiological Employment Standards For Firefighters: Report 2: The Physiological Demands Of Performing Physically Demanding Fire-Fighting Duties, Nigel A.S. Taylor, Hugh Fullagar, John A. Sampson, Daniel Steven Lee, Sean Notley, Simon Burley, Herbert Groeller
Physiological Employment Standards For Firefighters: Report 2: The Physiological Demands Of Performing Physically Demanding Fire-Fighting Duties, Nigel A.S. Taylor, Hugh Fullagar, John A. Sampson, Daniel Steven Lee, Sean Notley, Simon Burley, Herbert Groeller
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The aim of this research was to facilitate the identification of capable and robust recruits for Fire & Rescue New South Wales (FRNSW), such that it could sustain the capability of its workforce, whilst simultaneously minimising the risk of injury to both firefighters and members of the community.
Fire Regimes And Carbon In Australian Vegetation, Richard J. Williams, Ross A. Bradstock, Damian Barrett, Jason Beringer, Mathias M. Boer, Geoffrey J. Cary, Garry D. Cook, A Malcolm Gill, Lindsay B. Hutley, Heather Keith, Stefan W. Maier, Cp (Mick) Meyer, Owen Price, Stephen H. Roxburgh, Jeremy Russell-Smith
Fire Regimes And Carbon In Australian Vegetation, Richard J. Williams, Ross A. Bradstock, Damian Barrett, Jason Beringer, Mathias M. Boer, Geoffrey J. Cary, Garry D. Cook, A Malcolm Gill, Lindsay B. Hutley, Heather Keith, Stefan W. Maier, Cp (Mick) Meyer, Owen Price, Stephen H. Roxburgh, Jeremy Russell-Smith
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Fires regularly affect many of the world's terrestrial ecosystems, and, as a result, fires mediate the exchange of greenhouse gases (GHG) between the land and the atmosphere at a global scale and affect the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to store carbon (Bowman et al. 2009). Variations in fire -regimes can therefore potentially affect the global, regional and local carbon balance and, potentially, climate change itself (Bonan 2008). Here we examine how variation in fire regimes (Gill 1975; Bradstock et al. 2002) will potentially affect carbon in fire-prone Australian ecosystems via interactions with the stocks and transfers of carbon that are …
Global Change And Fire Regimes In Australia, Geoffrey J. Cary, Ross A. Bradstock, A Malcolm Gill, Richard J. Williams
Global Change And Fire Regimes In Australia, Geoffrey J. Cary, Ross A. Bradstock, A Malcolm Gill, Richard J. Williams
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Global change can be defined strictly in terms of changes in atmospheric composition, climate and land use (Walker and Steffen 1996), although broader definitions also include human population, economy and urbanisation (Steffen et al. 2004). In Australia, global change significantly affects the drivers of fire activity and there is potential for considerable changes in fire regimes. It is widely accepted that carbon dioxide (C02) concentration in the atmosphere is steadily increasing (see Steele et al. 2007), as is nitrous oxide (Forster et al. 2007). Atmospheric methane concentration has also risen significantly, but is now relatively constant (Beer et al. 2006). …
The Drivers Of Effectiveness Of Prescribed Fire Treatment, Owen Francis Price
The Drivers Of Effectiveness Of Prescribed Fire Treatment, Owen Francis Price
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Prescribed burning for fuel reduction is a major strategy for reducing the risk from unplanned fire. Although there are theoretical studies suggesting that prescribed fire has a strong negative influence on the subsequent area of unplanned fire (so-called leverage), many empirical studies find a more modest influence. Here, I develop a series of simulations to explore the landscape drivers of leverage. Leverage declines with treatment level in a nonlinear, "decay" relationship, implying diminishing effectiveness. The spatial configuration of the prescribed fire treatment has a major effect: long linear (gridded) barriers are far more effective than patch barriers, but gaps in …
Future Fire Regimes Of Australian Ecosystems: New Perspectives On Enduring Questions Of Management, Ross A. Bradstock, Richard J. Williams, A Malcolm Gill
Future Fire Regimes Of Australian Ecosystems: New Perspectives On Enduring Questions Of Management, Ross A. Bradstock, Richard J. Williams, A Malcolm Gill
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
This book provides a contemporary overview of the state of knowledge of fire as a shaper of biodiversity and ecosystems in Australia, along with insights into the way in which a 'flammable Australia' may fare under future climate change. It comes at the end of a decade (2000 to 2010) of extraordinary fire activity in Australia, matched by heightened public interest in fire and debate about its management. The decade commenced with major fire activity between 2000 and 2002 in the central and north western deserts (Nano et al. 2012, Chapter 9), at scales not seen in decades. In the …
Fire Retardancy And Morphology Of Nylon 6-Clay Nanocomposite Compositions, Kadhirava Shanmuganathan, Sandeep Razdan, Nicholas Dembsey, Qinguo Fan, Yong K. Kim, Paul D. Calvert, Steven B. Warner, Prabir Patra
Fire Retardancy And Morphology Of Nylon 6-Clay Nanocomposite Compositions, Kadhirava Shanmuganathan, Sandeep Razdan, Nicholas Dembsey, Qinguo Fan, Yong K. Kim, Paul D. Calvert, Steven B. Warner, Prabir Patra
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
We investigated the effect of organically modified clay on the thermal and flammability behavior of nylon 6 nanocomposites. We also used zinc borate along with layered silicate with an aim of achieving synergistic effect in flame retardancy. It is found that addition of 10 wt% clay reduced the onset decomposition (5% wt loss) temperature of nylon 6 by 20°C, while addition of 5 wt% zinc borate and 5 wt% clay in combination reduced it by around 10°C. Differential thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the peak decomposition temperature was not affected by the addition of clay, but the rate of weight loss …
Plant Functional Traits In Relation To Fire In Crown-Fire Ecosystems, Juli G. Pausus, Ross Bradstock, David A. Keith, Jon E. Keeley
Plant Functional Traits In Relation To Fire In Crown-Fire Ecosystems, Juli G. Pausus, Ross Bradstock, David A. Keith, Jon E. Keeley
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Disturbance is a dominant factor in many ecosystems, and the disturbance regime is likely to change over the next decades in response to land-use changes and global warming. We assume that predictions of vegetation dynamics can be made on the basis of a set of life-history traits that characterize the response of a species to disturbance. For crown-fire ecosystems, the main plant traits related to postfire persistence are the ability to resprout (persistence of individuals) and the ability to retain a persistent seed bank (persistence of populations). In this context, we asked (1) to what extent do different life-history traits …
Towards A Sounder Fire Ecology, Edward A. Johnson, A Malcolm Gill, Ross Bradstock, Anders Granstrom, Louis Trabaud, Kiyoko Miyanishi
Towards A Sounder Fire Ecology, Edward A. Johnson, A Malcolm Gill, Ross Bradstock, Anders Granstrom, Louis Trabaud, Kiyoko Miyanishi
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
This forum brings together fire ecologists from outside the current wildfire controversy in the US to give their views on three central topics related to ecosystems in which wildfires are an important process. First, how do fire behavior and ecological effects vary between ecosystems? Second, why does this variation require an understanding that goes beyond simple correlations between various fire and ecosystem variables to more careful causal models? Third, how can human values and goals be reconciled with fire disturbance processes in an ecologically sound manner?
Modelling Fire Weather And Fire Spread Rates For Two Bushfires Near Sydney, M S. Speer, L M. Leslie, R Morison, W Catchpole, Ross Bradstock, R Bunker
Modelling Fire Weather And Fire Spread Rates For Two Bushfires Near Sydney, M S. Speer, L M. Leslie, R Morison, W Catchpole, Ross Bradstock, R Bunker
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The observed headfire rates of spread of two severe wildfires in heathlands near Sydney were compared with predictions made using a meteorological model to forecast wind speeds and a new simple empirical fire behaviour model that uses fuel height and wind speed at 2 m above ground to predict rate of spread. The predicted rates of spread, using both actual and predicted wind speeds, compared favourably with observed rates of spread averaged over 2 hours and 5.5 hours for the Bell Range and Royal National Park fires respectively.