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Social Support Indicators That Influence Breastfeeding Decisions In Mothers Of North Florida
Social Support Indicators That Influence Breastfeeding Decisions In Mothers Of North Florida
Florida Public Health Review
To examine whether a mother’s social support system influences decision to breastfeed, pregnant women and women who had children, from six north Florida counties, were asked to participate in this study. Women were recruited from local lactation support groups and agencies serving mothers and children. Participants were administered a 34-item questionnaire that asked about motivation, social support and intention. Mothers breastfed because they believed breast milk was healthier for the baby. These mothers identified the baby’s fathers as being most supportive, but felt they needed more support from the fathers. Interestingly, most women strongly agreed that whereas the support system …
A Report From The Forum Session "Complexity, Coordination And Compromise: States And The Medicare Drug Benefit" (August 4, 2006), Lee Partridge
A Report From The Forum Session "Complexity, Coordination And Compromise: States And The Medicare Drug Benefit" (August 4, 2006), Lee Partridge
National Health Policy Forum
This National Health Policy Forum meeting report reviews a technical session that took place on August 4, 2006. The invitation-only meeting was designed to discuss implementation issues related to the new Medicare drug benefit, with special consideration of state activities, problems, and concerns. This meeting followed similar ones sponsored by the Forum in 2004 and 2005 in which the state perspective was the primary focus of conversation. Participants, including current and former state Medicaid directors, other state officials and experts, federal officials, Medicare drug plan representatives, and beneficiary advocates, described their experiences during the implementation process and addressed continuing challenges. …
What Is The Cost To Employers Of Direct Medical Care For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?, Tursynbek Nurmagambetov, Adam Atherly, Seymour Williams, Fernando Holguin, David M. Mannino, Stephen C. Redd
What Is The Cost To Employers Of Direct Medical Care For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?, Tursynbek Nurmagambetov, Adam Atherly, Seymour Williams, Fernando Holguin, David M. Mannino, Stephen C. Redd
David M. Mannino
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. In 2000, an estimated 10.5 million people had COPD, of which more than 7.2 million were from the under-age 65 employed population. The prevalence of COPD in the workforce population was substantial with 46.5% of current employment among adults having the disease. However, the cost burden in the employed population is unknown. We examined COPD prevalence and costs in a large employment-based population. Using claims data from 1999 to 2003, we estimated the cost associated with COPD-related hospitalizations, emergency department visits, outpatient services, …
Stability Analysis For An Seir Age-Structured Epidemic Model Under Vaccination, M. El-Doma
Stability Analysis For An Seir Age-Structured Epidemic Model Under Vaccination, M. El-Doma
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
An SEIR age-structured epidemic model is investigated when susceptible and immune individuals are vaccinated indiscriminately and the force of infection of proportionate mixing type. We determine the steady states and obtain an explicitly computable threshold condition, and then study the stability of the steady states.
An In Vitro Model Of Ovarian Cancer: Studying The Effects Of Talc And Pycnogenol®, Amber Renée Buz'zard
An In Vitro Model Of Ovarian Cancer: Studying The Effects Of Talc And Pycnogenol®, Amber Renée Buz'zard
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer and accounts for more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. The American Cancer Society has suggested that poor diet, talc and industrial pollutants may increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Talc is ubiquitous and concern is raised about its safety, role as a possible carcinogen and known ability to cause irritation and inflammation. Due to the silent nature of ovarian cancer, chemoprevention is a high priority. The most useful chemopreventive compounds will inhibit, delay or reverse carcinogenesis, and can be taken for long periods of time with …
Transfusion-Associated Transmission Of West Nile Virus, United States 2003 Through 2005, Susan P. Montgomery, Jennifer A. Brown, Matthew Kuehnert, Theresa L. Smith, Nicholas Crall, Robert S. Lanciotti, Alexandre Macedo De Oliveira, Thomas Boo, Anthony A. Marfin, 2003 West Nile Virus Transfusion-Associated Transmission Investigation Team
Transfusion-Associated Transmission Of West Nile Virus, United States 2003 Through 2005, Susan P. Montgomery, Jennifer A. Brown, Matthew Kuehnert, Theresa L. Smith, Nicholas Crall, Robert S. Lanciotti, Alexandre Macedo De Oliveira, Thomas Boo, Anthony A. Marfin, 2003 West Nile Virus Transfusion-Associated Transmission Investigation Team
Public Health Resources
BACKGROUND: National blood donation screening for West Nile virus (WNV) started in June 2003, after the documentation of WNV transfusion-associated transmission (TAT) in 2002.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donations were screened with investigational nucleic acid amplification assays in minipool formats. Blood collection agencies (BCAs) reported screening results to state and local public health authorities. Donor test results and demographic information were forwarded to CDC via ArboNET, the national electronic arbovirus surveillance system. State health departments and BCAs also reported suspect WNV TATs to CDC, which investigated these reports to confirm WNV infection in blood transfusion recipients in the absence …
Global Stability Results And Well Posedness Of An Si Age-Structured Epidemic Model With Vertical Transmission, M. El-Doma
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
An SI age-structured epidemic model for a vertically as well as horizontally transmitted disease is investigated when the fertility and mortality rates depend on age and the force of infection of proportionate mixing assumption type. We prove the well posedness of the model as well as the global stability for endemic equilibriums.
The Qingdao Twin Registry: A Focus On Chronic Disease Research, C. Anderson Johnson, Zengchang Pang, Feng Ning, Jennifer B. Unger, Shaojie Wang, Qian Guo, Weihua Cao, Liming Lee
The Qingdao Twin Registry: A Focus On Chronic Disease Research, C. Anderson Johnson, Zengchang Pang, Feng Ning, Jennifer B. Unger, Shaojie Wang, Qian Guo, Weihua Cao, Liming Lee
CGU Faculty Publications and Research
With the changing patterns of morbidity and mortality in China, noncommunicable chronic diseases have become the major threats to the health of the Chinese population. The causes of chronic diseases include genetic factors and behavioral risk factors such as the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and lack of physical activity. Twin studies offer a unique opportunity to disentangle the genetic and environmental risk and protective factors for chronic disease. The Qingdao Twin Registry (QTR) was initiated in 1998 as part of the National Chinese Twin Registry. Over 11,000 pairs of twins and multiples of all …
A Multilevel Analysis Of Socioeconomic Status And Prostate Cancer Risk, Maureen Sanderson, Ann L. Coker, Adriana Perez, Xianglin L. Du, Gerson Peltz, Mary K. Fadden
A Multilevel Analysis Of Socioeconomic Status And Prostate Cancer Risk, Maureen Sanderson, Ann L. Coker, Adriana Perez, Xianglin L. Du, Gerson Peltz, Mary K. Fadden
Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
PURPOSE
We investigated whether prostate cancer was associated with socioeconomic status (SES) at the individual level, area level, or a combination of both levels.
METHODS
This population-based case–control study of prostate cancer in men aged 65 to 79 years was conducted between 2000 and 2002 in South Carolina. Complete interviews were available for 407 incident prostate cancer cases and 393 controls (with respective response rates of 61% and 64%). We used educational level to measure individual-level SES and a composite variable capturing income and education from 2000 Census data to measure area-level SES.
RESULTS
After adjustment for race, age, geographic …
Objectively Measured Physical Activity In Sixth-Grade Girls, Russell R. Pate, June Stevens, Charlotte Pratt, James F. Sallis, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Larry S. Webber, Gregory J. Welk, Deborah Rohm Young
Objectively Measured Physical Activity In Sixth-Grade Girls, Russell R. Pate, June Stevens, Charlotte Pratt, James F. Sallis, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Larry S. Webber, Gregory J. Welk, Deborah Rohm Young
Faculty Publications
Objectives - To describe the objectively-measured physical activity (PA) characteristics of a diverse sample of 6th grade girls to examine influences on PA, and to report compliance with PA guidelines.
Design - Cross-sectional study.
Setting - Six locations across the United States.
Participants - 1578 6th grade girls. Actigraph accelerometers were worn for 7 days, and data for 6 days were included in the analyses.
Main exposure - Race/ethnicity, free-or-reduced price lunch (FRPL), and geographic region.
Main outcome measure - Six operational definitions of adequate activity (60 min or 30 min of daily MVPA at or above 4.6, …
Women’S Health In Developing Countries, Javed Rizvi, Nadeem F. Zuberi
Women’S Health In Developing Countries, Javed Rizvi, Nadeem F. Zuberi
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Healthcare priorities are different in developing and developed countries. A more effective resource allocation, complemented by efforts to implement only those practices that are effective, should be a priority for improving reproductive health services in developing countries. A large burden of gynaecological disease exists in developing countries and it is difficult to envisage serious reforms and improvements without an increase in public-sector spending. However, communities themselves could assume some responsibility for women's health in ways that prioritize women's own perceptions and primary needs. In this chapter we have compiled existing evidence regarding various gynaecological problems faced by women in developing …
The Role Of Bnp Testing In Heart Failure, Jenny Doust, Richard Lehman, Paul Glasziou
The Role Of Bnp Testing In Heart Failure, Jenny Doust, Richard Lehman, Paul Glasziou
Jenny Doust
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are simple and objective measures of cardiac function. These measurements can be used to diagnose heart failure, including diastolic dysfunction, and using them has been shown to save money in the emergency department setting. The high negative predictive value of BNP tests is particularly helpful for ruling out heart failure. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II receptor blockers, spironolactone, and diuretics reduces BNP levels, suggesting that BNP testing may have a role in monitoring patients with heart failure. However, patients with treated chronic stable heart failure may have levels in the normal range (i.e., BNP …
Personal Health Records: The People's Choice?, Lisa Sprague
Personal Health Records: The People's Choice?, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
Information technology (IT), especially in the form of an electronic health record (EHR), is touted by many as a key component of meaningful improvement in health care delivery and outcomes. A personal health record (PHR) may be an element of an EHR or a stand-alone record. Proponents of PHRs see them as tools that will improve consumers’ ability to manage their care and will also enlist consumers as advocates for widespread health IT adoption. This issue brief explores what a PHR is, the extent of demand for it, issues that need to be resolved before such records can be expected …
Value-Based Coverage Policy In The United States And The United Kingdom: Different Paths To A Common Goal, Wilhelmine Miller
Value-Based Coverage Policy In The United States And The United Kingdom: Different Paths To A Common Goal, Wilhelmine Miller
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper traces the development within American health care of two interrelated trends and activities: an evidence-based approach to medical practice and the critical evaluation of new technologies with respect to their costs and effectiveness. Over the past 35 years each of these developments has increasingly shaped the coverage decisions of public and private health insurers, and their importance for coverage policy is certain to grow. The paper also contrasts the different approaches to such “evidence-” or “value-based” coverage policy in the mixed public and private U.S. health care enterprise with the approach taken in Great Britain’s single-payer National …
Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Areal Data And Discovery Of Neighborhood Relationships In Conditionally Autoregressive Models, Subharup Guha, Louise Ryan
Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Areal Data And Discovery Of Neighborhood Relationships In Conditionally Autoregressive Models, Subharup Guha, Louise Ryan
Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series
No abstract provided.
Semiparametric Regression Of Multi-Dimensional Genetic Pathway Data: Least Squares Kernel Machines And Linear Mixed Models, Dawei Liu, Xihong Lin, Debashis Ghosh
Semiparametric Regression Of Multi-Dimensional Genetic Pathway Data: Least Squares Kernel Machines And Linear Mixed Models, Dawei Liu, Xihong Lin, Debashis Ghosh
Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series
No abstract provided.
Medicare And Mental Health: The Fundamentals, Christopher Loftis, Eileen Salinsky
Medicare And Mental Health: The Fundamentals, Christopher Loftis, Eileen Salinsky
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper provides a review of mental health coverage in the Medicare program. It examines the prevalence of mental disorders among Medicare beneficiaries, treatment available through Medicare, and the cost of such treatment. A brief summary of relevant policy issues is provided, including Medicare’s outpatient mental health limitation and the potential effect of the prescription drug benefit on the provision of mental health services.
The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy: Final Report, The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy
The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy: Final Report, The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy
Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports
On November 16, 2005, the Legislative Commission unanimously voted to approve hiring the Nevada Institute for Children’s Research and Policy (NICRP), School of Public Health, UNLV to study and evaluate governmental entities and private facilities that have physical custody of children pursuant to a court order and other public entities that provide for the care and supervision of children in the State of Nevada. The study included three primary components. The first component involved an analysis of the guidelines, protocols, policies and procedures of these entities/facilities which affect the health, safety, welfare, treatment and civil or other rights of children …
Epsdt: Medicaid's Critical But Controversial Benefits Program For Children, Christie Provost Peters
Epsdt: Medicaid's Critical But Controversial Benefits Program For Children, Christie Provost Peters
National Health Policy Forum
The Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment (EPSDT) program under Medicaid provides the most comprehensive set of health benefits for children and adolescents in the public or private sector. A cornerstone of early childhood preventive and treatment services in the nation’s health care “safety net,” the EPSDT program serves nearly 30 million low-income children, including children with disabilities and special needs. Over the years, states have expressed frustration with the administrative burdens of EPSDT requirements. Rising Medicaid costs have put all Medicaid benefits, including the EPSDT program, in the budgetary crosshairs. This issue brief reviews the fundamental characteristics of …
Airborne Measurements Of Carbonaceous Aerosol Soluble In Water Over Northeastern United States: Method Development And An Investigation Into Water-Soluble Organic Carbon Sources, A. P. Sullivan, Richard E. Peltier, C. A. Brock, J. A. De Gouw, J. S. Holloway, C. Warneke, A. G. Wollny, R. J. Weber
Airborne Measurements Of Carbonaceous Aerosol Soluble In Water Over Northeastern United States: Method Development And An Investigation Into Water-Soluble Organic Carbon Sources, A. P. Sullivan, Richard E. Peltier, C. A. Brock, J. A. De Gouw, J. S. Holloway, C. Warneke, A. G. Wollny, R. J. Weber
Richard E. Peltier
A particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) was coupled to a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer for 3 s integrated measurements of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM1 ambient particles. The components of the instrument are described in detail. The PILS-TOC was deployed on the NOAA WP-3D aircraft during the NEAQS/ITCT 2004 program to investigate WSOC sources over the northeastern United States and Canada. Two main sources were identified: biomass burning emissions from fires in Alaska and northwestern Canada and emissions emanating from urban centers. Biomass burning WSOC was correlated with carbon monoxide (CO) and acetonitrile (r2 > 0.88). These plumes were intercepted in …
Concentrations And Sources Of Organic Carbon Aerosols In The Free Troposphere Over North America, Colette L. Heald, Daniel J. Jacob, Solène Turquety, Rynda C. Hudman, Rodney J. Weber, Amy P. Sullivan, Richard E. Peltier, Eliot L. Atlas, Joost A. De Gouw, Carsten Warneke, John S. Holloway, J. Andrew Neuman, John H. Seinfeld, Frank M. Flocke
Concentrations And Sources Of Organic Carbon Aerosols In The Free Troposphere Over North America, Colette L. Heald, Daniel J. Jacob, Solène Turquety, Rynda C. Hudman, Rodney J. Weber, Amy P. Sullivan, Richard E. Peltier, Eliot L. Atlas, Joost A. De Gouw, Carsten Warneke, John S. Holloway, J. Andrew Neuman, John H. Seinfeld, Frank M. Flocke
Richard E. Peltier
Aircraft measurements of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) aerosol over NE North America during summer 2004 (ITCT-2K4) are simulated with a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to test our understanding of the sources of organic carbon (OC) aerosol in the free troposphere (FT). Elevated concentrations were observed in plumes from boreal fires in Alaska and Canada. WSOC aerosol concentrations outside of these plumes average 0.9 ± 0.9 mg C m 3 in the FT (2–6 km). The corresponding model value is 0.7 ± 0.6 mg C m 3, including 42% from biomass burning, 36% from biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and …
Updating Medicare's Physician Fees: The Sustainable Growth Rate Methodology, Laura A. Dummit
Updating Medicare's Physician Fees: The Sustainable Growth Rate Methodology, Laura A. Dummit
National Health Policy Forum
Medicare’s method to annually update the fees it pays physicians has been under fire for some time—specifically, since the method determined that physician fees should be reduced rather than increased. The update method, called the sustainable growth rate (SGR), was implemented to control the growth in Medicare physician spending. Yet Congress, in response to physician concerns about beneficiary access to care, has acted to avert physician fee cuts since 2003. Although this signals dissatisfaction with the SGR methodology, there is yet to be a widely accepted physician fee update proposal that balances federal budgetary realities with the need to ensure …
The Nuts And Bolts Of Pdps, Mary Ellen Stahlman
The Nuts And Bolts Of Pdps, Mary Ellen Stahlman
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief provides an overview of Medicare prescription drug plans (PDPs), with a focus on fundamentals such as enrollment, premiums, formularies, cost sharing, prices, payment, cost management, and appeals and grievance processes. It also highlights major changes to the PDP landscape between 2006 and 2007.
Updating The Wic Food Packages: It's About Time, Jessamyn Taylor
Updating The Wic Food Packages: It's About Time, Jessamyn Taylor
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief reviews key revisions to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program proposed by the USDA, which are based substantially on recommendations by the Institute of Medicine. Should the changes become regulation, they will be the most significant revision of the WIC food packages in over 25 years. This brief describes the changes, the impetus for their consideration, and possible implementation issues from the perspectives of vendors, state and local WIC agencies, and participants.
A Primer On Eva For Healthcare Providers, James L. Grant
A Primer On Eva For Healthcare Providers, James L. Grant
Financial Services Forum Publications
The concept of economic profit (EVA) has proved successful in the field of corporate finance since its adoption by several U.S. and International companies over the past 25 years. Unlike accounting earnings, EVA is a measure of a company’s true earnings because it fully “accounts” for the costs of all forms of financing, including debt and equity. In the EVA view, a company is not truly profitable unless it earns a return on capital that bests the opportunity cost of capital. That being said, the question that we address here is how to measure the economic profit of providers in …
Download Full Pdf Issue Of Thomas Jefferson University Mph Public Health Link Newsletter, Vol. 2, Iss. 8, November/December 2006
Public Health Link
Vol. 2, Iss. 8 includes a faculty spotlight on Mona Sarfaty, an article on Richard Wender becoming President of the American Cancer Society and Jefferson presenters at the upcoming American Public Health Association meeting.
Preventive Medicine: A "Cure" For The Healthcare Crisis, Janice L. Clarke, Deborah Meiris
Preventive Medicine: A "Cure" For The Healthcare Crisis, Janice L. Clarke, Deborah Meiris
College of Population Health Faculty Papers
Introductory Editorial: Few would dispute the premise that prevention, early detection, and early intervention form the first line of defense on the disease management (DM) continuum. That being the case, our national statistics on preventive health should be raising concerns throughout the industry. The US healthcare delivery system continues to fall woefully short of its prevention targets. On the international scene, the United States lags behind countries with less wealth and less technological savvy. Commentaries abound on the problems, but recently I became aware of an organization with an exciting goal and a novel solution for bringing preventive medicine …
Community Mobility And Dementia: A Review Of The Literature, Nina M. Silverstein, Megan Vanderbur
Community Mobility And Dementia: A Review Of The Literature, Nina M. Silverstein, Megan Vanderbur
Gerontology Institute Publications
By the year 2030, 70 million Americans will be 65 or older. Approximately 80 percent of this population will likely be driving themselves. And without appropriate and timely interventions, many are likely to be driving with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Current estimates suggest that 2 percent of the population 65 to 74, 19 percent of the population 75 to 84, and 47 percent of the population 85 and older are likely to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease or a related disorder. By the year 2050, the number of Americans with Alzheimer’s disease could range from 11.3 million to 16 million. This significant …
Phylogenetic Analysis Of Buggy Creek Virus: Evidence For Multiple Clades In The Western Great Plains, United States Of America, Martin Pfeffer, Jerome E. Foster, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown
Phylogenetic Analysis Of Buggy Creek Virus: Evidence For Multiple Clades In The Western Great Plains, United States Of America, Martin Pfeffer, Jerome E. Foster, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown
Public Health Resources
We present the first detailed phylogenetic analysis of Buggy Creek virus (BCRV), a poorly known alphavirus with transmission cycles involving a cimicid swallow bug (Oeciacus vicarius) vector and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) as the principal avian hosts. Nucleotide sequences of a 2,075-bp viral envelope glycoprotein-coding region, covering the entire PE2 gene, were determined for 33 BCRV isolates taken from swallow bugs at cliff swallow colonies in Nebraska and Colorado in the summer of 2001 and were compared with the corresponding region of BCRV isolates collected from Oklahoma in the …
Knowledge And Attitudes About Health Research Amongst A Group Of Pakistani Medical Students, Hassan Khan, Muhammad Rizwanulhaq Khawaja, Abdul Waheed, Muhammad Ameen Rauf, Zafar Fatmi
Knowledge And Attitudes About Health Research Amongst A Group Of Pakistani Medical Students, Hassan Khan, Muhammad Rizwanulhaq Khawaja, Abdul Waheed, Muhammad Ameen Rauf, Zafar Fatmi
Community Health Sciences
Background
Health research training is an important part of medical education. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding health research in a group of Pakistani medical students at Aga Khan University, Karachi.
Methods
It was a cross-sectional pilot study conducted among a group of Pakistani medical students. Through stratified random sampling, a pre-tested, structured and validated questionnaire was administered to 220 medical students. Knowledge and attitudes were recorded on a scale (graduated in percentages).
Results
Mean scores of students were 49.0% on knowledge scale and 53.7% on attitude scale. Both knowledge and attitudes improved …