Digital Commons Network^™

Military Commissions Act Of 2006, Arsalan M. Suleman

Arsalan Suleman

On October 17, 2006, President Bush signed into law the Military Commissions Act of 2006 (MCA). Congress passed the MCA to authorize the trial by military commissions of detained terrorism suspects after the Supreme Court's decision in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld invalidated the military commissions previously established pursuant to a 2001 military order from President Bush. The MCA adds chapter 47A to title 10 of the U.S. Code to give statutory authorization for the military commissions. This Recent Development explores some of the more controversial aspects of the MCA, especially those sections that respond to the Court's Hamdan decision. The note …

Disentangling The Psychology And Law Of Instrumental And Reactive Subtypes Of Aggression, Reid G. Fontaine

Reid G. Fontaine

Behavioral scientists have distinguished an instrumental (or proactive) style of aggression from a style that is reactive (or hostile). Whereas instrumental aggression is cold-blooded, deliberate, and goal driven, reactive aggression is characterized by hot blood, impulsivity, and uncontrollable rage. Scholars have pointed to the distinction between murder (committed with malice aforethought) and manslaughter (enacted in the heat of passion in response to provocation) in criminal law as a reflection of the instrumental–reactive aggression dichotomy. Recently, B. J. Bushman and C. A. Anderson (2001) argued that the instrumental–reactive aggression distinction has outlived its usefulness in psychology and pointed to inconsistencies and …

Post-Deportation Human Rights Law: Aspiration, Oxymoron Or Necessity?, Daniel Kanstroom

Daniel Kanstroom

No abstract provided.

Privacy, Identity And Security In Ambient Intelligence: A Scenario Analysis, Michael Friedewald, Elena Vildjiounaite, Yves Punie, David Wright

Michael Friedewald

The success of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) will depend on how secure it can be made, how privacy and other rights of indi- viduals can be protected and how individuals can come to trust the intelligent world that surrounds them and through which they move. This article addresses these issues by analysing scenarios for ambient intelligence applications that have been developed over the last few years. It elaborates the assumptions that promotors make about the likely use of the technology and possibly unwanted side effects. It concludes with a number of threats for personal privacy that become evident.

Creative Renewable Energy Purchasing Options For Businesses, Elizabeth L. Aldrich

Elizabeth Lokey Aldrich

A growing number of businesses have begun to consider the benefits of voluntarily purchasing renewable energy. This new interest from large commercial clients has prompted green energy providers to create novel ways for these entities to get involved in the long-term development of new renewable energy generation. Some of these new plans are designed so that the purchase of this energy can provide long-term off-take stability and other financial benefits to companies developing the renewable energy projects. However, since some of these new purchasing options involve a certain amount of financial risk on the part of the business, there is …

Global Research Competition Affects Measured U.S. Academic Output, Diana M. Hicks

Diana Hicks

Unbundled Local Loops - Global Best Practice, Ewan Sutherland

Ewan Sutherland

A review of experiences in a number of markets where local loop unbundling has been attempted. Concluding that the policy is unlikely to be effective in most developing countries because of the lack of local loops, their poor quality and the limited capacity of regulators to enforce non-discriminatory access.

Innovation Systems –Guangdong, China And The World. Consultancy Report To The Governor Of Guangdong Province, Rainer Frietsch, Henning Kroll, Li Tang

Li Tang

No abstract provided.

Schooling Bodies To Hard Work’: Wage Labor, Citizenship, And Social Discipline In The Policy Discourse Of The South African State, Franco Barchiesi

Franco Barchiesi

No abstract provided.

Un Peace Operations In Transition, Beat Habegger

Beat Habegger

No abstract provided.

Direito À Informação Ou Deveres De Protecção Informativa Do Estado?,, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

A Liberdade de Informação poderá ser simultaneamente defendida pelo dever de abstenção do Estado na esfera de exercício privado (não perigoso) de cada cidadão ou grupo “ordeiro” de cidadãos, e pelo dever de protecção dos cidadãos e das suas pessoas morais (incluindo obviamente associações e empresas) nos casos em que a ordem natural da rede social equitativa seja rompida, designadamente por fenómenos de massificação arregimentadora, trusts anti-concorrência, violação de direitos fundamentais, etc., e, no limite, crime. Mas o discernimento e ponderação terão que ser muito grandes.

Les Limites Du Pouvoir De Révision Constitutionnelle Entre Le Pouvoir Constituant Et La Constitution Matérielle. Une Illustration Dans Le Contexte Lusophone, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

May we relate with intellectual profit some 'abstract' constitutional concepts such as "pouvoir constituant", "constitution matérielle" and "limites matériels de révision constitutionnelle"?

Do Constitucionalismo Brasileiro: Uma Introdução Histórica (1824-1988), Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

It is not usual to write a constitutional history from the view point of a foreigner. This is a essai of a glimpse of Brazilian constitutional history from the perspective of a Portuguese, descending from Bazilians, descending from Portuguese. In spite of those circunstances, of course the aim was always the possible objectivity in History and in Constitutional Law History.

Innovation And Productivity In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona

Mario Pianta

The labour productivity impact of innovation is investigated in this paper combining neo-Schumpeterian insights on the variety of innovation with the importance of industrial structures and firm size; two models are proposed for explaining productivity and export success in European manufacturing industries and firm-size classes. The empirical estimates are based on data from the European innovation survey (CIS 2), covering Austria, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and the UK, broken down by 22 sectors and for large, medium, and small firms. The econometric results, obtained adopting cross-sectional estimation methodologies able to account for unobserved industrial characteristics, show that productivity in Europe …

Innovazione E Occupazione, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

No abstract provided.

Demand And Innovation In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi

Mario Pianta

After the decade-old debate between demand-pull and technology-push perspectives, demand seems to have fallen out of fashion. In this paper two models are proposed on the determinants of general innovative activities and on the market impact of product innovations. The models combine the supply and demand engines of innovation, and qualify the type of innovative efforts, distinguishing between those oriented towards cost reductions or towards technological competitiveness. The models are tested at the industry level for 22 manufacturing sectors and 17 services sectors in six European countries. The results show that efforts at technological competitiveness, product oriented strategies and the …

Commercio Con L'Estero E Tecnologia In Italia Negli Anni Cinquanta E Sessanta, Mario Pianta, Matteo Gamellini

Mario Pianta

Il commercio con l’estero ha svolto un ruolo centrale nello sviluppo economico italiano del secondo dopoguerra. Il rapido aumento dell’export ha contribuito all’accelerazione dei tassi di crescita dell’economia, ha stimolato le attività tecnologiche, ha disegnato l’orientamento della struttura produttiva italiana e la sua collocazione sui mercati europei e internazionali. La crescita impetuosa delle importazioni ha permesso l’acquisizione dall’estero di conoscenze e beni essenziali per il paese. Negli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta l’Italia assume le caratteristiche di un’economia aperta, segnata dall’importanza della domanda estera e della competitività internazionale: si delineano in questo periodo aspetti destinati a diventare una caratteristica permanente dell’economia …

Industria, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

Le trasformazioni dell'economia hanno al centro il ruolo dell'industria, che nei primi anni del 21° secolo è stata caratterizzata da processi di innovazione tecnologica, di internazionalizzazione della produzione e di diffusione delle attività industriali in numerosi Paesi in via di sviluppo. Nei Paesi più avanzati e in Italia tali processi hanno portato a una concentrazione del controllo di produzioni svolte su scala internazionale, a una forte crescita delle attività finanziarie, a una progressiva deindustrializzazione, con il calo dell'occupazione nel settore e la crescita del peso dei servizi.

Global Justice Movements. The Transnational Dimension, Mario Pianta, Raffaele Marchetti

Mario Pianta

No abstract provided.

Comercio Y Trabajo: Asimetrias En El Gobierno Global, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

No abstract provided.

Tourism Law In Israel – Public Policy, Politics And Law (In Hebrew), Assaf Meydani, Natan Uriely

Prof. Assaf Meydani

No abstract provided.

Remaking Regional Economies: Power, Labor, And Firm Strategies In The Knowledge Economy, Susan Christopherson, Jennifer Clark

Jennifer Clark

Envisioning A New East Asia: Some Concrete Steps Japan Can Take For Peace And Reconciliation, Tatsushi Arai

Tatsushi Arai

This is a policy proposal submitted to Japanese policymakers and opinion leaders concerned with the sustained controversy over the Yasukuni shrine and other issues related to the future of Japanese international relations with its neighboring countries in the Asia Pacific. Based on the insights into psychoanalysis and trauma healing, the paper explores how to use and transform historical symbols and discourses to facilitate long-term reconciliation.

Essay: The Transition From The Inquisitorial To The Accusatorial System Of Trial Procedure: Why Some Latin American Lawyers Hesitate, Leonard Cavise

Leonard Cavise

Parenting Coordination: Resolving High Conflict Parenting Disputes In The Usa, Sherrill W. Hayes

Sherrill W. Hayes

The Pitfalls In The Nigerian Federalism, Ozy B. Orluwene Jp

Dr Ozy B.Orluwene,JP

ABSTRACT The paper is primarily examining the pitfalls in Nigeria’s federalism. Theoretically, federalism as a system of government and power arrangement is crafted deliberately to deal with a sociological complex polity as presented in Nigeria’s multi-ethnic, multi-linguistic and multi-religious composition. But there exist wide gaps between theory and practice, vision and reality, with the data of governance being replete with many contradictions, controversies, paradoxes and crises emanating from the persistent stagnation and diminution that follow fragile practice of federalism. Rather than improving the quality of governance and practice, it tends to diminutates and validates the fact and conclusion that the …