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Selected Works

2016

Articles 91 - 120 of 125

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Truth And (Self) Censorship In Military Memoirs, Esmeralda Kleinreesink, Joseph Soeters Apr 2016

Truth And (Self) Censorship In Military Memoirs, Esmeralda Kleinreesink, Joseph Soeters

Esmeralda Kleinreesink

It can be difficult for researchers from outside the military to gain access to the field. However, there is a rich source on the military that is readily available for every researcher: military memoirs. This source does provide some methodological challenges with regard to truth and (self) censorship, nevertheless. This study questions how truth and (self) censorship issues influence the content of these military autobiographies. It shows that these issues are not only a concern for researchers, but also for military writers themselves. The study provides concrete quantitative data based on military Afghanistan memoirs published between 2001 and 2010 from …

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Slavery And Freedom In Theory And Practice, David Watkins Apr 2016

Slavery And Freedom In Theory And Practice, David Watkins

David Watkins

Slavery has long stood as a mirror image to the conception of a free person in republican theory. This essay contends that slavery deserves this central status in a theory of freedom, but a more thorough examination of slavery in theory and in practice will reveal additional insights about freedom previously unacknowledged by republicans. Slavery combines imperium (state domination) and dominium (private domination) in a way that both destroys freedom today and diminishes opportunities to achieve freedom tomorrow. Dominium and imperium working together are a greater affront to freedom than either working alone. However, an examination of slavery in practice, …

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The Problem Of State Intervention In Post-Abolition Slavery: A Critique Of Consensus, Anthony Talbott, David Watkins Apr 2016

The Problem Of State Intervention In Post-Abolition Slavery: A Critique Of Consensus, Anthony Talbott, David Watkins

David Watkins

Slavery is now illegal by all states and under international law. Contrary to the hopes of abolitionists, this state of affairs has transformed rather than eradicated slavery as an institution. Furthermore, responses by states to post-abolition forms of slavery have often been less than ideal. This paper begins by comparing two state responses to slavery in the early 20th century: the federal peonage trials in Montgomery, Alabama from 1903-1905, and the federal response to an alleged epidemic of “white slavery” from 1909-1910, culminating in the passage of the White Slave-Traffic Act. Taken together, these responses engender pessimism about the state …

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Strategic Cyberwar Theory - A Foundation For Designing Decisive Strategic Cyber Operations, Jan Kallberg Apr 2016

Strategic Cyberwar Theory - A Foundation For Designing Decisive Strategic Cyber Operations, Jan Kallberg

Jan Kallberg

Traditional military theory applied in cyber struggles with four challenges – anonymity, object permanence, measurable results, and rapid digital execution. In a Clausewitzian world, these challenges were non-existent. The enemy was clearly marked, the battle field was fixed, the results of the battle was visible, and it occurred not at computational speed but instead in a pace that allowed human leadership to act. Traditional military thinking does not support decisive action in a future nation state cyber conflict. The utility of cyber attacks is dependent on the institutional design of the targeted society. Strategic cyberwar theory utilizes ‘Occam’s Razor’ to …

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Self-Reported Load Carriage Injuries In Australian Regular Army Soldiers, Rob Orr, Rodney Pope, Julia Coyle, Venerina Johnston Apr 2016

Self-Reported Load Carriage Injuries In Australian Regular Army Soldiers, Rob Orr, Rodney Pope, Julia Coyle, Venerina Johnston

Rob Marc Orr

Access abstract in the Conference Abstract E-book, page 115

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Public Confidence In Government: Public Service Motivation And Political Ideology, Diana Bernal, Stephanie Bixler, Nurgul R. Aitalieva Ph.D. Mar 2016

Public Confidence In Government: Public Service Motivation And Political Ideology, Diana Bernal, Stephanie Bixler, Nurgul R. Aitalieva Ph.D.

Nurgul R. Aitalieva, Ph.D.

A collection of surveys taken over the past several decades indicates that trust in government has been declining. One of the surveys is the General Social Survey (GSS). The GSS collects information from the general public on a wide variety of subjects, including attitudes toward government, politics, and policy issues. 
The 2014 GSS finds that only 11 percent of Americans have a great deal of confidence in the executive branch. Political trust is a crucial element of representative governance. With the upcoming Presidential election, it is critical to understand what explains public confidence in the executive branch of the federal …

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Multilevel Marketing Diffusion And The Risk Of Pyramid Scheme Activity: The Case Of Fortune Hi‐Tech Marketing In Montana, Stacie A. Bosley, Kim Mckeage Mar 2016

Multilevel Marketing Diffusion And The Risk Of Pyramid Scheme Activity: The Case Of Fortune Hi‐Tech Marketing In Montana, Stacie A. Bosley, Kim Mckeage

Stacie Bosley

While statisticians have simulated the expected rate of growth in pyramid schemes, this research examines actual data on the spread of an alleged pyramid scheme in Montana. Fortune Hi-Tech Marketing (FHTM) was a multilevel marketing firm, sued by six states and the Federal Trade Commission and permanently shut down in 2014. Data from a settlement with the State of Montana provide a population of participants in a geographic region with definable markets and offer unique insights into local contagion. The authors analyze the pattern of FHTM adoption within a diffusion-of-innovation framework. The findings confirm that nearly all adoption results from …

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The Advanced Persistent Threat And The Role Of Cybersecurity Education, Gary C. Kessler Mar 2016

The Advanced Persistent Threat And The Role Of Cybersecurity Education, Gary C. Kessler

Gary C. Kessler

"The changing face of infowar • The Advanced Persistent Threat • Examples of recent cyber attacks • Mitigation and preparation • Formalizing the response • The role(s) of education"--Overview

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Mass Media Coverage Of Environmental Issues: Impact On Disaster Public Policy, John R. Fisher Mar 2016

Mass Media Coverage Of Environmental Issues: Impact On Disaster Public Policy, John R. Fisher

Dr. John R. Fisher

Reporting of environmental security concerns links either directly or indirectly to the development of environmental and disaster policies.  These policies have impact on larger security concerns in both developing and developed countries. This chapter will examine mass media coverage of environmental issues and the impact of the coverage on environmental security as well as disaster and security public policy.  In addition to giving a theoretical framework of mass media and policy making, the chapter will examine various disaster public policies and their relationship to environmental issues and their application to security practice, as well as to the media coverage of …

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Community-Based Operations Research: Data Analytics And Decision Modeling For Community Development And Social Change, Michael P. Johnson Jr. Mar 2016

Community-Based Operations Research: Data Analytics And Decision Modeling For Community Development And Social Change, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

‘Community-based operations research’ is an extension of multiple traditions in OR/MS to produce research for local change. CBOR attempts to incorporate critical thinking, evidence-based policy design and prescriptive decision modeling. This presentation introduces a theory of CBOR and reviews current applications to support a collection of new scholarship. These applications include foreclosure response, vacant land management and local economic development. We conclude with suggestions to expand the field of CBOR.

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How Can Value Elicitation In Adult Basic Education Support Learners’ Success In Goal-Setting Policy?, Alma H. Biba, Michael P. Johnson Jr. Feb 2016

How Can Value Elicitation In Adult Basic Education Support Learners’ Success In Goal-Setting Policy?, Alma H. Biba, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

For the last two decades, federal legislation and Massachusetts’ state ABE policies have linked adult learners’ educational outcomes to accountability requirements. Using a multi-method approach ABE learners’ goal setting was presented as a decision problem in order to reveal and disentangle the conflicting preferences fueled by outcome-based accountability requirements. Elicitation of values using value-focused thinking (VFT) methodology revealed that learner’s self-defined goals are consistently distinct from program-defined goals, that teachers recognize this disjunction, and that efforts to reconcile the two could yield significant improvements in ABE program outcomes.

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Federal Civil Rights Litigation Pursuant To 42 U.S.C. §1983 As A Correlate Of Police Misconduct, Philip M. Stinson, Steven L. Brewer Jr, Theresa M. Lanese, Mallorie A. Wilson Feb 2016

Federal Civil Rights Litigation Pursuant To 42 U.S.C. §1983 As A Correlate Of Police Misconduct, Philip M. Stinson, Steven L. Brewer Jr, Theresa M. Lanese, Mallorie A. Wilson

Philip M Stinson

Police officers acting in their official capacity are subject to being sued in federal court pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §1983 for violating constitutional rights under the color of law. Using data obtained in a larger study on police crime in the United States, names of more than 5,500 nonfederal sworn law enforcement officers who were arrested during the years 2005-2011 were checked against the civil case party master name index of the federal courts’ Public Access to Courts Electronic Records (PACER) system. Findings indicate that more than 20% of the police officers who were arrested for committing one or more …

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Social Justice And Water Sustainability And Management, Brian H. Bornstein, Alan J. Tomkins, Sarah Michaels, Ashok Samal, Yunwoo Nam, Sandi Zellmer, Kyle Hoagland, David Olson Feb 2016

Social Justice And Water Sustainability And Management, Brian H. Bornstein, Alan J. Tomkins, Sarah Michaels, Ashok Samal, Yunwoo Nam, Sandi Zellmer, Kyle Hoagland, David Olson

David E. Olson

As the challenge of maintaining adequate water quantity and quality mounts worldwide, increasing attention is being paid to the role individual behavior plays in water resources management. Yet water resources management has attracted very little scholarly attention by psychologists. This chapter identifies how selected theories and methods from social scientific research on justice might inform water related decision making. This chapter illustrates how insights from psychological research on social justice can be employed to advance water resources management. Social justice, including issues of institutional regulation and behavior modification, is an essential consideration in the design and implementation of sustainable strategies …

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Analysis Of The Cdf Early Learning Community Trust Process Phase I, Sherrill W. Hayes Jan 2016

Analysis Of The Cdf Early Learning Community Trust Process Phase I, Sherrill W. Hayes

Sherrill W. Hayes

The purpose of this report was to provide an external review of the participatory decision making process used in Phase I of the “Clarkston Families Decide” CDF Early Learning Community Trust (ELCT) conducted between July 2014 and January 2015. The reviewer’s primary purpose was to provide information about the process used to develop
the project outcomes in Phase I that may be useful in the overall evaluation of the ELCT. The reviewer employed primarily a qualitative research methodology as the data sources were text and visual secondary data from pre-existing documents created during the process. The primary source materials used …

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Extending The Fundamental Right Of Marriage To Same-Sex Couples: The United States Supreme Court Decision In Obergefell V. Hodges, Donald H. J. Hermann Jan 2016

Extending The Fundamental Right Of Marriage To Same-Sex Couples: The United States Supreme Court Decision In Obergefell V. Hodges, Donald H. J. Hermann

Donald Hermann

No abstract provided.

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A Meta-Analysis Of Crew Resource Management/Incident Command Systems Implementation Studies In The Fire And Emergency Services, John C. Griffith, Donna L. Roberts, Ronald T. Wakeham Ph.D. Jan 2016

A Meta-Analysis Of Crew Resource Management/Incident Command Systems Implementation Studies In The Fire And Emergency Services, John C. Griffith, Donna L. Roberts, Ronald T. Wakeham Ph.D.

John Griffith

This research is a meta-analysis of studies on Crew Resource Management (CRM)/Incident Command System implementation in the fire and emergency services. After a thorough literature review, four sets of results were analyzed to determine if CRM training was effective. An aggregate total of 283 test scores were evaluated. The data indicated that CRM training was effective in all studies analyzed. Fixed and random effects models indicated significance as well. The studies had a high degree of heterogeneity probably due to different training and testing procedures used. The data support the use of CRM training in the fire and emergency services. …

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Eco 112 - Economia Brasileira, Eloi Martins Senhoras Jan 2016

Eco 112 - Economia Brasileira, Eloi Martins Senhoras

Elói Martins Senhoras

No abstract provided.

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Religious Origins Of Democracy & Dictatorship, Theocharis Grigoriadis Jan 2016

Religious Origins Of Democracy & Dictatorship, Theocharis Grigoriadis

Theocharis Grigoriadis

Weber considered the Protestant work ethic the foundation of modern capitalism. I extend Weber’s theory by arguing that states with predominantly Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Muslim populations have had a stronger inclination toward underdevelopment and dictatorship than states with Protestant or Jewish majorities. This is the case because their respective religious collectives (monastery, tariqa) promote the hierarchical provision of common goods at the expense of market incentives. I define the aforementioned three religions as collectivist, in contrast to Protestantism and Judaism, which I define as individualist. I provide a historical overview that designates the Jewish kibbutz as the collective …

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Temporary Legislation, Better Regulation And Experimentalist Governance: An Empirical Study, Ittai Bar-Siman-Tov Dec 2015

Temporary Legislation, Better Regulation And Experimentalist Governance: An Empirical Study, Ittai Bar-Siman-Tov

Dr. Ittai Bar-Siman-Tov

This article presents the findings of an extensive multi-method empirical study that explored the relationship between temporary legislation, better regulation, and experimentalist governance. Temporary (or “sunset”) legislation, statutory provisions enacted for a limited time and set to expire unless their validity is extended, is often hailed as a key tool for promoting experimental and better regulation. Despite the importance of temporary legislation and the burgeoning theoretical scholarship on the subject, there is still a dearth of empirical studies about how temporary legislation is used in practice. The lack of empirical evidence creates a lacuna in at least three areas of …

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A Non-Mainstream Perspective On The United States Foreign Policy An Essay, Mohan Limaye Dec 2015

A Non-Mainstream Perspective On The United States Foreign Policy An Essay, Mohan Limaye

Mohan Limaye

The intent of this paper is to induce the readers to think for themselves about the United States Foreign Policy (USFP) and not let the “experts” do it for them and, in the process, help get our country out of the foreign policy morass it has been in for the last at least seventy years.  It may be generally agreed that the ideological roots of USFP and the drivers of this nation’s actions in the global arena have been the constructs of Manifest Destiny and American Exceptionalism.  These ideas have led the US over the course of its history to …

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Direitos Indígenas E Diversidade Cultural: Em Busca De Um Diálogo Transcontinental, Tracy Devine Guzmán Dec 2015

Direitos Indígenas E Diversidade Cultural: Em Busca De Um Diálogo Transcontinental, Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

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Human–Wildlife Conflict And Coexistence, Philip J. Nyhus Dec 2015

Human–Wildlife Conflict And Coexistence, Philip J. Nyhus

Philip J. Nyhus

Human interactions with wildlife are a defining experience of human existence. These interactions can be positive or negative. People compete with wildlife for food and resources, and have eradicated dangerous species; co-opted and domesticated valuable species; and applied a wide range of social, behavioral, and technical approaches to reduce negative interactions with wildlife. This conflict has led to the extinction and reduction of numerous species and uncountable human deaths and economic losses. Recent advances in our understanding of conflict have led to a growing number of positive conservation and coexistence outcomes. I summarize and synthesize factors that contribute to conflict, …

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Implications Of The Dragon’S Rise For South Asia: Assessing China’S Nepal Policy, Bibek Chand, Lukas K. Danner Dec 2015

Implications Of The Dragon’S Rise For South Asia: Assessing China’S Nepal Policy, Bibek Chand, Lukas K. Danner

Dr. Lukas K. Danner

China has always been an important neighbour to Nepal which has otherwise historically been heavily influenced by India. The ‘rise of China’ has created a more outward-looking Middle Kingdom and so its influence in Nepal has significantly increased within the last decade. As a consequence, Nepal is experiencing growing interest from China. This article aims to give some historical background to Sino-Nepalese relations and to measure the most recent impact of the ‘rise of China’ on Nepal, particularly on its economic, military and political fronts. This is followed by a broader look at China’s policy towards Nepal, also taking into …

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Paris And Ngos Climate.Pdf, Shannon K. Orr Dec 2015

Paris And Ngos Climate.Pdf, Shannon K. Orr

Shannon K. Orr, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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Grand Challenges In Us Science Policy Attempt Policy Innovation, Diana Hicks Dec 2015

Grand Challenges In Us Science Policy Attempt Policy Innovation, Diana Hicks

Diana Hicks

This paper investigates the historical development of the Grand Challenges concept in US science policy.  The concept originated in advocacy for funding for high performance computing and was enshrined in the High Performance Computing Act of 1991.  The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Grand Challenges in Global Health program marked a second milestone in the application of the concept to US science funding.  The National Academy of Engineering’s Grand Challenges in Engineering followed in 2008.  Most recently the White House has pursued programs under the Grand Challenges rubric.  The history of these varied initiatives spanning 40 years is examined here …

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Narrative Visualization Of The Outcomes Of Federal Investments In Research, Diana Hicks Dec 2015

Narrative Visualization Of The Outcomes Of Federal Investments In Research, Diana Hicks

Diana Hicks

We offer here a narrative visualization entitled: Technology hot spots and the Office of Science and position its contribution within discussion of novel forms of communicating research results as an aid to maximizing use of research evaluation. In this study, patent co-citation analysis was used to systematically identify emerging high impact technologies in the US technology ecosystem and then to establish that Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (DOE) funds research that underpins these technology “hot spots.” We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of this novel form of communicating evaluation results based our experience. The video at …

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Using Social Norms As A Substitute For Law, Bryan H. Druzin Dec 2015

Using Social Norms As A Substitute For Law, Bryan H. Druzin

Bryan H. Druzin

This paper follows the law and norms literature in arguing that policymakers can use social norms to support or even replace regulation. Key to the approach offered here is the idea — borrowed from the folk theorem in game theory — that cooperative order can arise in circumstances where parties repeatedly interact. This paper proposes that repeated interaction between the same agents, specifically the intensity of it, may be used as a yardstick with which to gauge the potential to scale back regulation and use social norms as a substitute for law. Where there are very high levels of repeated …

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Building An Airplane While Flying It: One Community's Experience With Community Food Transformation, Catherine Sands, Carol Stewart, Sarah Bankert, Alexandra Hillman, Laura Fries Dec 2015

Building An Airplane While Flying It: One Community's Experience With Community Food Transformation, Catherine Sands, Carol Stewart, Sarah Bankert, Alexandra Hillman, Laura Fries

Catherine Sands

Across the country, local and regional food policy councils are collaborating to make healthy, affordable food more available to everyone. What ingredients are needed for a true collaboration that changes social and racial equity dynamics? How can these collaborations influence systems, policy, and awareness in school food environments, specifically? This reflective case study describes some of the accomplishments and challenges faced by the multistakeholder Holyoke Food and Fitness Policy Council (HFFPC) for nearly a decade. Using a mixed-method participatory evaluation approach to lift up diverse partners' insights, we conducted key informant interviews with people who were engaged with the project …

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Comparison Excluding Commitments: Incommensurability, Adjudication, And The Unnoticed Example Of Trade Disputes, Sungjoon Cho, Richard Warner Dec 2015

Comparison Excluding Commitments: Incommensurability, Adjudication, And The Unnoticed Example Of Trade Disputes, Sungjoon Cho, Richard Warner

Sungjoon Cho

We claim that there are important cases of “incommensurability” in public policymaking, in which all relevant reasons are not always comparable on a common scale as better, worse, or equally good. Courts often fail to confront this. We are by no means the first to contend that incommensurability exists. Yet incommensurability’s proponents have failed to sway the courts mainly because they overlook the fact that there are two types of incommensurability. The first (“incompleteness incommensurability”) consists of the lack of any appropriate metric for making the comparison. We argue that this type of incommensurability is relatively unproblematic in that courts …

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Distributive Conflict And Regime Change: A Qualitative Dataset, Stephan Haggard, Terence Teo, Robert Kaufman Dec 2015

Distributive Conflict And Regime Change: A Qualitative Dataset, Stephan Haggard, Terence Teo, Robert Kaufman

Terence Teo

No abstract provided.

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