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Psychology

2021

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Relationship Between Cannabis Use And Immediate, Delayed, And Working Memory Performance Among Older Adults, Madison H. Maynard Jan 2021

Relationship Between Cannabis Use And Immediate, Delayed, And Working Memory Performance Among Older Adults, Madison H. Maynard

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Cannabis is increasingly accessible in the United States for recreational and/or medical use. Additionally, the Baby Boomer birth cohort exhibits a greater prevalence of cannabis use than prior generations of older adults. Past research has most frequently addressed the potential cognitive effects of cannabis use in populations of adolescents and young adults. Some of these studies suggest that cannabis use is chronically associated with worse performance on tasks of verbal working memory and executive functioning, however, due to methodological variation and a wide variety of potential confounds including duration of abstinence and frequency of use, results are still inconclusive. Through …


Predicting Objective Career Success: An Examination Of Leadership And Proactive Personality, Isabella M. Guerrero Jan 2021

Predicting Objective Career Success: An Examination Of Leadership And Proactive Personality, Isabella M. Guerrero

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The overall purpose of this study is to examine whether proactive personality and leadership style (transactional and transformational) of university students help predict their academic and professional success. Students from the University of Central Florida were recruited through SONA to participate in an online Qualtrics survey. Proactive personality was measured using the Proactive Personality Scale developed by Crant and Bateman (1993). Leadership was measured using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) created by Bernard M. Bass (1985). Academic success was measured using GPA. Professional success was measured by the given promotions (raises) a student experienced in their specific job divided by …


The Effect Of Political Polarization On Categorization, Vasiliki Beleri Jan 2021

The Effect Of Political Polarization On Categorization, Vasiliki Beleri

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The intent of this study is to investigate the effects of political polarization on the categorization and cognition of neutral stimuli. Polarization in politics is increasing and affecting the general electorate. This study was a within-subjects design with two stimuli conditions (slogans and personas). Both stimuli conditions had liberal, neutral, and conservative levels. The data was recorded using the Qualtrics survey software. The results of the classification and rating were compared across political party affiliation and political activity level. Analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the classification of neutral stimuli.


The Role Of Placemaking In Universities And Their Surrounding Communities: A Literature Review, Natalie R. Verdiguel Jan 2021

The Role Of Placemaking In Universities And Their Surrounding Communities: A Literature Review, Natalie R. Verdiguel

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The aim of this thesis is to serve as a comprehensive review of the literature on placemaking in higher education. To our knowledge, no comprehensive review of placemaking in higher education currently exists. We aim to fill this gap in the literature by answering two main questions: First, how is placemaking is implemented on college/university campuses and their surrounding communities? Second, what are the effects of these placemaking efforts? This literature review was conducted through a systemic search of three databases, in addition to references and general search engines. This review highlights the sparse, yet diverse, literature on this topic. …


Identity Development And Reconstruction Among Caregivers, Mackenzie Kelly Jan 2021

Identity Development And Reconstruction Among Caregivers, Mackenzie Kelly

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The goal of the current study was to assess possible changes in identity upon becoming a caregiver to another adult. Caregivers of adults (N= 9) completed an online, anonymous survey. A significant change in Identity Commitment was found from pre to post caregiving. Three participants went from a Foreclosed Identity Status pre caregiving to a Diffused Identity Status post caregiving, and one participant went from an Achieved Identity Status to a Moratorium Identity Status. However, no consistent trends in responses were found among these participants, suggesting further research with a larger sample size is needed.


Covid Couples: The Impact Of The Novel Coronavirus Pandemic On Intimate Relationships, Victor E. Blocker Jan 2021

Covid Couples: The Impact Of The Novel Coronavirus Pandemic On Intimate Relationships, Victor E. Blocker

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Global crises are associated with significant shifts in the relationship functioning of romantic couples. The novel Coronavirus pandemic has caused financial distress which may pose a threat to the wellbeing of romantic couples. Previous studies show economic declines cause damaging strain on relationship functioning, specifically the relationship satisfaction, conflict resolution, and commitment influencing variables. To study the effects of the pandemic on these relationship functioning variables, researchers recruited and divided 228 participants into two groups – individuals in relationships that began before the outbreak of the COVID pandemic (Before January 2020 – pre-COVID; N= 148), and individuals in relationships …


Barriers To Educational Resources: The Effect Of Disability Disclosure On Ratings Of A Scholarship Applicant, Yichuan Yin Jan 2021

Barriers To Educational Resources: The Effect Of Disability Disclosure On Ratings Of A Scholarship Applicant, Yichuan Yin

WWU Graduate School Collection

We investigated how a disclosure of an applicant’s blindness would influence evaluations of applicants to a scholarship and whether disclosure early or late in the impression formation process would result in optimal application outcomes. A total of 356 participants read profiles of applicants whose qualifications were clearly strong, clearly weak, or mixed (diligent but unintelligent, or intelligent but lazy). Participants were told that the applicant was blind either at the at the beginning or at the end, or no disability was disclosed. We found that surprisingly, blind applicants were rated more positively than those without a disclosure, and the benefit …


The Effect Of Cognitive Load On Involuntary Musical Imagery, Kayleigh I. Cutshaw Jan 2021

The Effect Of Cognitive Load On Involuntary Musical Imagery, Kayleigh I. Cutshaw

WWU Graduate School Collection

This research was conducted to understand the effect of cognitive load on the occurrence of earworms. A go/no go task, a typical mind wandering method, was used to create different levels of cognitive load based on the difficulty of the task. We also used a control condition which more closely matched previous earworm studies. Both probe-caught and survey reports were used to measure earworms and mind wandering in the study. Earworms were not found to occur more often in the lower experimental levels of cognitive load but controls reported spending more time with earworms. This finding is mostly inconsistent with …


Not My Privilege: How Construal Level Explains Reactions To Male Privilege, Allison Schwam Jan 2021

Not My Privilege: How Construal Level Explains Reactions To Male Privilege, Allison Schwam

WWU Graduate School Collection

Awareness of one’s privilege has been shown to evoke feelings of defensiveness or collective guilt, particularly when one’s privileged identity is highly central to their sense of self. Research on privilege indicates that people may psychologically distance themselves from the notion of privilege in order to protect themselves from its potentially threatening manner (Phillips & Lowery, 2015). Construal level theory states that concepts that are more psychologically close are construed in more concrete terms whereas concepts that are more psychologically distant are construed as more abstract (Trope & Liberman, 2010). In the present study, 246 male participants were assessed for …


An Analysis Of Hope And Future Orientation In The Context Of School Climate In Mongolian Secondary Schools, Jaime Diaz Jan 2021

An Analysis Of Hope And Future Orientation In The Context Of School Climate In Mongolian Secondary Schools, Jaime Diaz

WWU Graduate School Collection

Hope and future orientation are impactful aspects of adolescents’ lives that are key in helping students to reach their goals. School climate is connected to the development of adolescents’ sense of hope and future orientation. Additionally, the conceptualization of hope and future orientation has varied, with some researchers describing the two as separate but related constructs or one single construct that encompasses both. In Mongolia, school climate research and research on hope and future orientation are still in their early stages. Using data from Mongolian adolescents (N = 1,507) collected in schools in three major cities (Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet, and …


A Meta-Analytic Review Of Asian American Well-Being, Kristina Tran Jan 2021

A Meta-Analytic Review Of Asian American Well-Being, Kristina Tran

WWU Graduate School Collection

Past studies have demonstrated that Asian Americans typically report lower levels of subjective well-being. However, there is no single cited reason across the literature for this supposed trend of lower well-being for Asian Americans, resulting in mixed findings of Asian American happiness. The present study reviewed 36 studies that utilized the Satisfaction with Life Scale to measure life satisfaction in Asian Americans, and 18 studies that utilized the Satisfaction with Life Scale to assess Asian American and European American life satisfaction. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify their mean level of life satisfaction, and to determine the effect size of …


Influences On The Path To Life Satisfaction: A Serial Mediation Model Of Adult Attachment, Emotional Intelligence, Emotion Regulation, And Dispositional Resilience, Misa Shimono Jan 2021

Influences On The Path To Life Satisfaction: A Serial Mediation Model Of Adult Attachment, Emotional Intelligence, Emotion Regulation, And Dispositional Resilience, Misa Shimono

WWU Graduate School Collection

Objective: The goal of this study was to explore the mediating roles of emotional intelligence, emotion regulation, and dispositional resilience in the association between adult attachment quality and life satisfaction, because they may be amenable to psychoeducational intervention that increases life satisfaction among people with attachment insecurity. Method: Archival correlational data from a convenience sample of 124 first-year university psychology students in a study on stress and dropout were analyzed using PROCESS (Hayes, 2021) to test the serial impact of emotional intelligence (Trait Meta-Mood Scale; Salovey et al., 1995) and emotion regulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale; Gratz & Roemer, …


Analyzing The Use Of A Montessori-Based Activity & Its Effect On Engagement & Affect In Persons With Dementia: A Replication Study, Emilee J. Andersen Jan 2021

Analyzing The Use Of A Montessori-Based Activity & Its Effect On Engagement & Affect In Persons With Dementia: A Replication Study, Emilee J. Andersen

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Activities are an essential element in institutionalized settings for persons with dementia. Challenges are faced, however, when developing and implementing stimulating and meaningful activities for this population. Over the past two decades, Montessori-based activities (MBAs) have been investigated as a means for meeting the needs of persons with dementia residing in long-term care facilities. MBAs were developed to enhance the quality of life for individuals experiencing dementia through maximization of engaging and meaningful activities. The purpose of the current study was to expand on the empirical literature related to the use of MBAs for persons with dementia by replication of …


Assessment Of Perceived Levels Of Stress And Coping Mechanism Use Among Elementary School Teachers, Lauren Larson Jan 2021

Assessment Of Perceived Levels Of Stress And Coping Mechanism Use Among Elementary School Teachers, Lauren Larson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The teaching profession is known to be highly stressful. Teacher stress is a real concern as there is a well-established link between job stress, burnout, and teacher attrition. Teacher attrition rates are currently at concerning levels in the United States and around the world. A cross-sectional, correlational study design was used to assess the relationship between perceived levels of stress and coping mechanism use among elementary school teachers. Participants consisted of a convenience sample of 420 public elementary school teachers in Minnesota. A 48-item survey which included the Perceived Stress Scale and Brief COPE was used to measure perceived levels …


The Effects Of Therapist Expertise And Concerns Of Involuntary Hospitalization On The Disclosure Of Suicidal Ideations And Behavior, Zane Hensel Jan 2021

The Effects Of Therapist Expertise And Concerns Of Involuntary Hospitalization On The Disclosure Of Suicidal Ideations And Behavior, Zane Hensel

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Suicide continues to grow as a complex and multi-faceted problem in prevention and treatment, particularly for college students with an increased predictor of risk of suicidal behaviors. Previous research has indicated that one of the largest concerns for suicide disclosure is a fear of involuntary hospitalization. Over 200 college students participated in examining therapist expertise and understanding information on involuntary hospitalization on their rate of suicide disclosure. A 2x2 MANOVA, a 2x2x2 MANOVA that included gender, and a factor analysis were performed on an ad-hoc 11-question survey assessing suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior disclosure. The results indicated that there was …


Too Illegit To Quit: The Impact Of Illegitiate Tasks On Turnover Intentions And Well-Being, Jacob Wessels Jan 2021

Too Illegit To Quit: The Impact Of Illegitiate Tasks On Turnover Intentions And Well-Being, Jacob Wessels

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Illegitimate tasks are a contemporary workplace stressor characterized by perceived violations of norms about what can reasonably be expected to do in the workplace. Based on the “Stress-as-Offense-to-Self” (SOS) theory, the assignment of illegitimate tasks lead to feelings of disrespect and threatening to one’s professional identity, which is inherently stressful. The stressor has been linked to numerous strain outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms explaining how or why these relationships occur has seldomly been addressed in the literature. The present study examined whether illegitimate tasks were positively related to intentions to quit via organizational identity, negatively related to work engagement via …


A Brief Zoom-Facilitated Mindful And Intuitive Eating Intervention To Decrease Disordered Eating, Jenna K. Anderson Jan 2021

A Brief Zoom-Facilitated Mindful And Intuitive Eating Intervention To Decrease Disordered Eating, Jenna K. Anderson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Clinical eating disorders are psychological disorders that impact a small percentage of the population. In the United States, prevalence rates range from 2-8% with a point prevalence of 4.6% (Galmiche et al., 2019). Subclinical disordered eating is a broader term for eating patterns and behaviors that do not meet clinical threshold, but that still may be life impairing (Burnette & Mazzeo, 2020). Subclinical disordered eating impacts many more individuals than clinical eating disorders do and is often present without the direct awareness of the people affected by it. With the prominence of diet culture in the United States that supports …


Resident Centered Behavioral Health: A Program Evaluation, Anna Olinger Jan 2021

Resident Centered Behavioral Health: A Program Evaluation, Anna Olinger

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Behavioral health concerns, such as depression and behavioral symptoms, impact older adults at significant rates. These concerns impact an individual’s quality of life, health status, and mortality. When behavioral health concerns cannot be effectively managed in the community by the individual or their caregivers, a skilled-nursing facility is often the next step. Unfortunately, those caring for older adults in these settings have not always had access to the training they need to care for individuals with depression or behavioral symptoms. The Resident Centered Behavioral Health program set out to change this. The program implemented an interactive, behavioral health training program …


Examining Differences In Rural, Micropolitan, And Metropolitan School Psychologists Roles And Delivery Of Mental Health Services, Ashley A. Williamson Jan 2021

Examining Differences In Rural, Micropolitan, And Metropolitan School Psychologists Roles And Delivery Of Mental Health Services, Ashley A. Williamson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Mental health service delivery in rural settings has become increasingly limited while rates of mental health concerns among youth have increased. Schools form a common hub in rural areas and they present an opportunity for the assessment of developing disorders as well as a means for delivering mental health services in an affordable and acceptable fashion. School psychologists supporting rural school districts are presented with a unique opportunity to provide various aspects of rural mental health service delivery. Over the last 40 years, little research has been published on rural school psychologist’s roles and responsibilities and their relationship to mental …


Comparing The Acceptability Of Treatment Rationales For Two Psychotherapies, Marin Gail Olson Jan 2021

Comparing The Acceptability Of Treatment Rationales For Two Psychotherapies, Marin Gail Olson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

An effective treatment rationale is important because it can affect whether or not a client decides if they will commit to the therapeutic approach. In recent years, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has developed as an approach that, although related to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is philosophically distinct. CBT typically places a greater emphasis on changing/eliminating “symptoms” of psychological disorders and the role thoughts play in directly influencing emotional and behavior problems. ACT, on the other hand, places a heavier emphasis on accepting and changing one’s relationship to aversive private experiences. When comparing the assumptions and goals underlying CBT and ACT, …


The Asd Parent Perspective: Stress Contributors And Perceptions Of Feeling Supported And Understood, Chelsea Noble Jan 2021

The Asd Parent Perspective: Stress Contributors And Perceptions Of Feeling Supported And Understood, Chelsea Noble

WWU Graduate School Collection

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience a great amount of stress. Evidence indicates that parent stress is associated with ASD symptom severity and potentially behavior problems. However, there are gaps in the literature examining these associations in fathers and whether these associations differ across mothers and fathers. Additionally, concepts surrounding “support” and “understanding” have been understudied in this context as well as how they are associated with parent stress. The current study addresses these gaps in the literature and expands on the research regarding fathers. We recruited 244 parents of children ages 3-5 with ASD who were …


Cultural Differences In Emotion Regulation And Social Support Seeking, Vida Pourmand Jan 2021

Cultural Differences In Emotion Regulation And Social Support Seeking, Vida Pourmand

WWU Graduate School Collection

Given the negative influences of stress on health, it is important to examine beneficial processes like social support, which can promote greater health. However, the willingness to seek social support may be qualified by emotion regulation strategy. Research indicates that there are cultural differences in both social support seeking and emotion regulation processes. In this ecological momentary assessment design, participants (N = 49) reported on their daily stress, whether they sought social support during stressful times, and if they emotionally suppressed (N = 913). They also responded to individual differences measures, including interdependent cultural orientation and ethnicity. Multilevel modeling was …