Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Depression (3)
- Mental (3)
- Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (3)
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (2)
- Acceptance and commitment therapy (2)
-
- Anxiety (2)
- Attention (2)
- Cognition (2)
- Craving (2)
- Cue reactivity (2)
- Development (2)
- Drug abuse (2)
- Eating disorders (2)
- Education (2)
- Emotion (2)
- Expectation (Psychology) (2)
- Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (2)
- Impulsivity (2)
- Marijuana (2)
- Marijuana abuse (2)
- Mediation (2)
- Meditation (2)
- Mindfulness (2)
- Neuropsychological tests (2)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (2)
- Self-control (2)
- Stress (2)
- Students (2)
- Will (2)
- 2010 (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Connection Between Cannabis Use And Psychosis And The Direct Vs. Indirect Form Of Inquiry To Combat Self-Report Bias, Lauren Grady
Connection Between Cannabis Use And Psychosis And The Direct Vs. Indirect Form Of Inquiry To Combat Self-Report Bias, Lauren Grady
Psychology
The purpose of this paper is to investigate two problems: one clinical and one methodological. The first is whether there is a connection between drug use, and specifically cannabis use, and psychosis. Previous research on the subject has provided mixed results. Van Os et al. (2002) and Arseneault et al. (2002) both found that cannabis use predicted the onset of psychosis. Van Dam, Earleywine, & DiGiacomo (2008) found that the use of other drugs was a better predictor of psychosis than cannabis alone. The second problem involves how to maximize honesty when people answer questions regarding their own drug use. …
Social Story Intervention For Children With Autism To Decrease Challenging Behaviors During Homework, Arianna Doss
Social Story Intervention For Children With Autism To Decrease Challenging Behaviors During Homework, Arianna Doss
Psychology
Researchers have created interventions to improve the social behavior and communication of children with autism spectrum disorder. One such intervention is called Social Stories, which describes social situations and their corresponding appropriate behaviors in order to help children with autism better understand social cues. Although several studies indicate the usefulness of this intervention, more evidence is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of social stories in decreasing challenging behaviors of first-graders with autism during homework time and to measure changes in parental stress and family quality of life. Homework time was chosen because children with autism experience homework …
The Moderating Effect Of Skin Conductance Level On The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Disordered Eating Behaviors, Laura B. Kenneally
The Moderating Effect Of Skin Conductance Level On The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Disordered Eating Behaviors, Laura B. Kenneally
Psychology
The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on the relation between family conflict and disordered eating behaviors. Participants were 67 undergraduate students at the University at Albany, SUNY, ages 17 to 40. Researchers used a retrospective measure of harsh parenting and interparental aggression experienced during childhood and adolescence to determine how sympathetic activation interacts with family conflict in predicting disordered eating behaviors in a sample of university students. SNS activation was measured by baseline skin conductance level (SCL). Results indicated that SCL moderated the relationship between harsh parenting experienced during …
The Relationships Among Sharing Behaviors, Social Skills, And Problem Behaviors In Preschool Children, Taylor P. Bulman
The Relationships Among Sharing Behaviors, Social Skills, And Problem Behaviors In Preschool Children, Taylor P. Bulman
Psychology
Over the past few decades, the field of developmental psychopathology has become increasingly interested in children’s development during preschool, a time of immense cognitive and social growth (Parker et al., 2006). Past research indicates that prosocial behaviors exhibited during childhood can predict later adaptive functioning (Gresham et al., 2010). The goal of the present study was to explore the relationships among sharing behaviors, social skills, and problem behaviors in preschool children. Predominantly lower-income preschool children (N = 57, Male = 28) were recruited for participation. Teachers of the participants completed the Social Skills Improvement System (SSIS). A modified version of …
Factors Affecting The Detection Of Relationship Status Deception, Fatima Aboul-Seoud
Factors Affecting The Detection Of Relationship Status Deception, Fatima Aboul-Seoud
Psychology
Evolutionary theory predicts that people should have sex-specific adaptations based on differential reproductive costs and benefits. Males have to contend with the costs of being cuckolded, while females have to contend with the costs of being abandoned. Previous research on reproductive deception has shown that males and females engage in sex-specific deception in ways that maximize fitness. This project examined the ability to discern ingenuous and disingenuous claims about romantic and sexual relationship status. Participants viewed and rated the veracity of pre-recorded claims about targets’ relationship status. Results showed that the ability to discern claim veracity was dependent upon the …
Comparing Grief As A Negative Emotion To Survival For Memory Enhancement, Sarah Pate
Comparing Grief As A Negative Emotion To Survival For Memory Enhancement, Sarah Pate
Psychology
The survival memory effect tested using a comparison of a survival scenario to the strong negative emotion of a grief scenario. The main hypothesis was that strong, negative emotions allow one’s self to relate to the scenario as it seems to do in the survival scenario. Strong negative emotions may outperform survival in a free recall memory task due to deeper levels of processing. Grief and survival scenarios were compared to a moving scenario that was used as a control condition. The three scenarios were each followed by a list of separate words to be rated on their relevancy to …
The Effects Of Progesterone Receptor On Development Of Serotonergic Circuits That Mediate Cognition, Heather Smith
The Effects Of Progesterone Receptor On Development Of Serotonergic Circuits That Mediate Cognition, Heather Smith
Psychology
As the rate of premature births has been substantially increasing, progestin administration is becoming a common treatment for the prevention of preterm labor. However, not much is known regarding how these hormonal supplements may affect the development of the fetal brain. The developing brain is highly sensitive to progesterone as progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed in many regions during critical developmental periods. Steroid hormone receptors such as PR are powerful transcription factors and regulate gene expression to alter fundamental processes of neural development. During the developmental period of post-natal day one (P1) to P14 in rats, PR is transiently expressed …
The Effect Of Environmental And Psychological Coping Resources On Unemployed Adults' Well-Being, Robert Paul Carnicella
The Effect Of Environmental And Psychological Coping Resources On Unemployed Adults' Well-Being, Robert Paul Carnicella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Gowan and Gatewood's (1997) theory of coping with job loss provided a framework for studying how individuals cope with the stress of unemployment. Previous empirical evidence identified social support and financial resources as predictors of unemployed adults' coping outcomes. McKee-Ryan, Song, Wanberg, and Kinicki (2005), however, noted the need for further research to better understand the environmental and psychological coping resources used by unemployed adults. Savickas (2005) hypothesized that individuals who endorse greater amounts of adaptable thinking about their careers will also report a greater sense of well-being during career transitions. Thus, the present study examined how environmental and psychological …
The Effects Of College Self-Efficacy And Belongingness On Adjustment To College In First-Generation College Students, Christopher Connacher
The Effects Of College Self-Efficacy And Belongingness On Adjustment To College In First-Generation College Students, Christopher Connacher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous research suggests that, compared to students whose parents attended college, first-generation college students experience obstacles as they transition to college including lesser academic preparation (Horn & Nunez, 2000), lesser access to financial and informational resources (Bui, 2002), greater likelihood of disparities between home and collegiate cultural values (Stephens et al., 2012), lower levels of college adjustment (Brown, 2008) and greater likelihood of not completing a college degree (Chen, 2005). The present study assessed the relationship between college generational status and college adjustment, and examined the possibility that college self-efficacy and belongingness may mediate that relationship.
Investigating The Main Effects And Interactions Of Induced Mood And Emotional Urgency On Self-Report Cannabis Craving And Consumption, Joseph Anthony De Leo
Investigating The Main Effects And Interactions Of Induced Mood And Emotional Urgency On Self-Report Cannabis Craving And Consumption, Joseph Anthony De Leo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current research investigates the role of induced mood states and emotional urgency - a mood-based facet of impulsivity, on cannabis use behaviors. Specifically, this research aims to extend previous work linking impulsivity and substance use behaviors by examining the relation of `emotional urgency' on cannabis craving and consumption.
Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton
Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Understanding juvenile sex offenders is of the utmost importance in order to ensure effective treatment and reduce recidivism. A more thorough recognition of this population is the best option in preventing future offending, because most adult sex offenders began their criminal careers in adolescence. Extant typologies of this population have been limited to be only descriptive or not empirically verified and thus of limited use. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to develop a taxonomy based upon the content of case files from two juvenile treatment programs, based upon demographic information, offense details, psychological and behavioral issues, and participation in treatment. …
Exploring The Impact Of Behaviorally Enacted Vs. Imaginal Delivery Of An Acceptance-Based Metaphor On Acute Panicogenic Distress In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : A Comparative Evaluation, Kristin N. Herzberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Metaphors, or indirect and less literal forms of communication in the therapeutic setting, can be powerful and clinically impactful components of psychosocial interventions. Metaphors are widely used in therapeutic practice, and rest at the core of newer third generation behavior therapies such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl & Wilson, 2011). Yet, to date, systematic empirical evaluations of the effectiveness of metaphor in the treatment of anxiety disorders and other forms of psychopathology have been largely ignored. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of an ACT-relevant metaphor on acute panicogenic distress (i.e., panic-like symptoms). Specifically, …
The Impact Of Demographics, Resources, And Training On The Quality Of School Crisis Plans, Erin Elizabeth Gurdineer
The Impact Of Demographics, Resources, And Training On The Quality Of School Crisis Plans, Erin Elizabeth Gurdineer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As our nation has become more aware of severe, yet usually rare, crisis events in schools, the need for crisis planning is more evident. Although the severity of crises can differ greatly (e.g., school shooting versus physical assaults), crisis preparedness is an essential component of schools' responsibilities in order to effectively respond to a variety of situations. A total of 70 participants, from multiple states across the United States, completed an online questionnaire about demographic characteristics, resources for school crisis planning, and training on crisis topics. Participants also submitted a copy of their school's crisis plan to be evaluated using …
Depressive Symptoms, Neuropsychological Performance, And Cognitive Complaints Among Individuals With Hiv, Andrea Lynn Hobkirk
Depressive Symptoms, Neuropsychological Performance, And Cognitive Complaints Among Individuals With Hiv, Andrea Lynn Hobkirk
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The rates of depression and neuropsychological impairment in HIV-positive populations are considerably higher than the general population. Consistent research suggests that depression is not related to cognitive impairment in HIV, however the majority of these studies were conducted with unidimensional or dichotomous measures of depression, weak methodologies, and small sample sizes. There is limited research suggesting that affective and somatic depressive symptoms alone may be associated with neuropsychological impairment in HIV, possibly through central nervous system dysfunction, yet no study to date has assessed this relation with an adequate sample size and a full neuropsychological battery. In addition, no study …
Effect Of A Diversity Training Workshop On College Students' Prejudice And Awareness Of Privilege, David Kasson
Effect Of A Diversity Training Workshop On College Students' Prejudice And Awareness Of Privilege, David Kasson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Universities and college are attempting to build more multicultural environments with various programming. One type of program is the prejudice-reduction workshop. Such programs are believed to encourage reductions in participants' prejudicial attitudes and biases. Another consideration is whether such interventions may promote elevations in students' multicultural awareness and sensitivity. Verification of the effectiveness of such programs is often lacking. A common prejudice-reduction workshop employed on college campuses is the National Coalition Building Institute's (NCBI) Welcoming Diversity/Prejudice Reduction Workshop (NCBI, 2001). The model is purported to encourage reductions in participants' prejudice and encourage an appreciation for diverse people. However, there is …
The Automaticity Of Emotion V. Emotion-Laden Word Processing : Findings From Unmasked And Masked Priming Approaches, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
The Automaticity Of Emotion V. Emotion-Laden Word Processing : Findings From Unmasked And Masked Priming Approaches, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A lexical decision task (LDT) was used to determine if there are differences between emotion word types when they are processed, both explicitly (Experiment 1) and implicitly (Experiment 2). For example, prime-target word pairs contained either emotion (e.g., love, fear, anxious) or emotion-laden (e.g., puppy, chocolate, hospital) words. Previous experiments within this area of research have investigated how emotionality, concreteness, and abstractness affect word processing (Altarriba & Bauer, 2004; Altarriba, Bauer, & Benvenuto, 1999). As Bleasdale (1987) first argued, abstract words were, in many ways, different from concrete words. Research has continued along this vein, confirming that emotion words are …
How Maladaptive Perfectionism Relates To Depression Among Asian International Students : Testing The Mediating Effects Of Acculturative Stress And Perceived Social Support, Jungeun Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study investigates how maladaptive perfectionism relates to depression among Asian international students by examining the mediating effects of acculturative stress and perceived social support. Given the recent emphasis on assessing situation-specific stress (Dunkley, Zuroff, & Blankstein, 2003) and examining the generalizability of the stress-mediation hypothesis (Hewitt & Flett, 2002; Hewitt, Flett, & Ediger, 1996) and the social disconnection model (Hewitt, Flett, Sherry, & Caelian, 2006), both direct and indirect relationships were hypothesized among the four constructs of interest, i.e., maladaptive perfectionism, acculturative stress, perceived social support, and depression. Specifically, this study tested acculturative stress and perceived social support as …
The Case For Character : A Reply To Situationism, Brandon Lee
The Case For Character : A Reply To Situationism, Brandon Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The notion of character is a familiar and prominent part of ethical theorizing, and of our everyday discourse. Character is used to explain how people act, to predict what they will do, to judge whether they ought to be trusted, and utilized in a multitude of other ways. A camp of philosophers dubbed the "Situationists", however, argue that research in social psychology shows the notion of character as we traditionally understand it is empirically unsupported, and consequently that all our discourse and ethical thought involving character is gravely mistaken. Instead, these philosophers contend that what influences and informs our perception …
Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee
Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Bicultural identity has traditionally been studied in a contextual vacuum, with little attention to how asymmetrical power dynamics between two cultures influence the negotiation of a bicultural identity. This critical theory study used a focus group and follow-up individual interviews to illuminate how five adult bicultural Koreans residing in the U.S. negotiate their sociocultural identities within the context of U.S. imperialist influences. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2008) and methods drawn from feminist research (Anderson & Jack, 1991) were employed to analyze the data.
Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin
Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Current work suggests that the presence of "craving" may be a significant indicator of problematic substance use. Nevertheless, little work has examined how cannabis users experience and develop craving. Most relevant studies focus on samples in treatment. Previous work suggests that cues for marijuana might activate outcome expectancies that contribute to the development of craving. The present study sought to test whether an olfactory marijuana cue would create changes in expectancy, mood, and craving in a non-treatment seeking sample representing both users and non-users. Unlike control cues, olfactory cues for marijuana increased perceptions of the likelihood of marijuana-induced positive outcomes …
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
American teens and young adults are at risk for developing pathological eating patterns, which can lead to eating disorders and obesity. Despite the success of weight management programs for obese individuals, some researchers caution that participation in an aggressive approach to weight management could promote the development of eating disorders. The current study evaluated the risks of following a weight management program for healthy young adults who served as staff members in immersion treatment of obesity over the course of a summer. Participants included Wellspring staff members (n = 108) along with a comparison group of young adults with similar …
Effects Of Third Party Observation Behind A One-Way Mirror On Neuropsychological Tests With Varying Conative Load, Jessica Stenclik
Effects Of Third Party Observation Behind A One-Way Mirror On Neuropsychological Tests With Varying Conative Load, Jessica Stenclik
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study investigated the effects of third party observation with a one-way mirror on tests that differ in conative load from the Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Battery (HRNB). Additionally, the California Verbal Learning Test- II (CVLT-II) was examined, as this is a popular measure of memory with which the effects of third party observation is unknown. Examinees (n=93) were recruited from an undergraduate research pool of a large State University. All were administered the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), Finger Tapping Test (FTT), Digit Span from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- 3rd edition, Trail Making Test A and B, CVLT-II, and …
Effects Of Construal Level On The Reliance On Affect Versus Substance, Ellen O'Malley
Effects Of Construal Level On The Reliance On Affect Versus Substance, Ellen O'Malley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The influence of construal level on judgment and decision-making is often seen in consumer research. However, the effect of construal level on preferences for evaluative inputs rather than final products is less explored. Two experiments were conducted to examine whether construal level affects the degree to which individuals rely on either affective or substantive information when making evaluative judgments; specifically, that abstract construals increase reliance on affective information, whereas concrete construals increase reliance on substantive information. Experiment 1 provided evidence for a relative preference for affective versus substantive information when engaged in abstract and concrete construals, respectively. Experiment 2 replicated …
Unwanted And Out Of Control : The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity And The Inhibition Of Rejection In The Depletion Of Self-Control, Jennifer L. Perella
Unwanted And Out Of Control : The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity And The Inhibition Of Rejection In The Depletion Of Self-Control, Jennifer L. Perella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Self-regulation, also referred to as self-control, has been defined as one's capacity to override, interrupt, and otherwise alter one's responses. According to the strength model of self-control, self-regulatory resources are limited; exerting effort on one task leads to decreased performance on a subsequent task requiring self-control, or depletion of one's self-regulation capacity. Self-control depletion has been the focus of much research in the past decade as lack of self-control has been implicated in many maladaptive interpersonal behaviors such as aggression and decreased helping behaviors. Previous research has demonstrated that being rejected is one way that one's self-regulatory resources can be …
School Psychologists' Awareness, Involvement, And Perceptions In Servicing Gifted Learners, Monica Pires
School Psychologists' Awareness, Involvement, And Perceptions In Servicing Gifted Learners, Monica Pires
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
School psychologists are comprehensive service providers asked to help with all students in assessing their needs, providing intervention strategies, and consulting with others. However, the role of school psychologists in gifted education is unclear, as more attention is given to students perceived to be disadvantaged. This underserved population experiences a wide-range of challenges that can be assisted by school psychologists (Brown, 1982; E.L. Robinson, 2002). To date, there has been no study to investigate school psychologists' awareness, perceptions, and involvement in gifted education. This study assessed potential service delivery differences in gifted education, examined current practices and awareness of related …
Effect Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation On Expressive Writing, Alvin Poon
Effect Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation On Expressive Writing, Alvin Poon
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
An impressive body of research indicates that expressive writing, which encourages participants
Mechanisms Of Change In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : The Role Of Self-Compassion, Mindfulness, And Anxiety Sensitivity In Simple And Multiple Mediation, Amanda Russo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Much of psychotherapy research over the past few decades has focused explicitly on outcomes and neglected examining mediators or mechanisms of change. Not surprisingly, an abundance of outcome research focuses on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Nevertheless, very few studies have examined ACT processes in formal mediation analyses. Three potential mediators of outcomes in ACT include self-compassion, mindfulness, and anxiety sensitivity. The current experiment extends an original evaluation of the effectiveness of two self-help workbooks (traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy--CBT--and ACT) for the treatment of anxious suffering in a randomized clinical trial, examining potential simple and multiple mediators responsible for the …
Relation Of Therapeutic Alliance To Retention In Eight Cases Of Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Alyson H. Sheehan
Relation Of Therapeutic Alliance To Retention In Eight Cases Of Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Alyson H. Sheehan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This mixed-methods study was designed to explore how the therapeutic alliance may influence retention in conjoint family therapy with adolescent drug abusers. Eight videotaped first sessions from a large-scale effectiveness study of Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT; Robbins, Feaster, Horigan et al., 2011) were selected in which four trained BSFT therapists saw one family that continued in treatment and one family that dropped out after that session.
The Masking Effects Of Light On Circadian Activity And Sleep Rhythms In Drosophila Melanogaster, Aaron David Sheppard
The Masking Effects Of Light On Circadian Activity And Sleep Rhythms In Drosophila Melanogaster, Aaron David Sheppard
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As organisms evolved, so did mechanisms for synchronizing behavior to the environmental light-dark cycle. Two main mechanisms provide this link: the synchronization of an endogenous circadian oscillator with the exogenous environment (entrainment), and a process called "masking", which functions independently from the circadian clock. Organisms have evolved these endogenous and exogenous mechanisms to adapt to the light-dark cycle of their niches in order to integrate their behavioral and physiological responses with predictable changes in their environments, in this case changes involving the daily light-dark cycle.
The Degree Of Conation On Neuropsychological Tests Does Not Account For Performance Invalidity Among Litigants, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
The Degree Of Conation On Neuropsychological Tests Does Not Account For Performance Invalidity Among Litigants, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Conation has been defined as the ability to focus and maintain intellectual energy over time. Prior research has shown that conation contributes to the magnitude of differences in test scores among brain-damaged and nonbrain-damaged examinees. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine if conation might similarly account for differences in test scores among performance valid and performance invalid examinees. An archival analysis was therefore carried out on 52 examinees administered the Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Battery (HRNB) and several Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) in a medico-legal context. Analyses revealed that conation had no impact on the magnitude of test …