Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Psychotherapy (7)
- Trauma (7)
- Mental health (6)
- COVID-19 (5)
- Children (5)
-
- Personality (5)
- Stress (5)
- Youth (5)
- Parenting (4)
- Parents (4)
- ADHD (3)
- ASD (3)
- African American (3)
- Aggression (3)
- Autism (3)
- Child sexual abuse (3)
- Childhood (3)
- Emotion (3)
- Pediatric (3)
- Psychic trauma (3)
- Qualitative (3)
- Sleep (3)
- Treatment (3)
- Women (3)
- ACEs (2)
- Adolescence (2)
- Anxiety (2)
- Athletes (2)
- Attachment behavior (2)
- Attitudes (2)
Articles 31 - 60 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Medical Interpreters' Experience Working With Distressed Families In Pediatric Settings, Paulina Lim
Medical Interpreters' Experience Working With Distressed Families In Pediatric Settings, Paulina Lim
Theses and Dissertations
Effective communication between families and pediatric clinicians is essential for mitigating family stress and improving quality of care. Families who speak a primary language other than English must contend with the added stress of language barriers during stressful encounters, which could impact the quality of patient care and health outcomes. Trained medical interpreters facilitate communication, including distress expressions, during interpreted medical encounters (IME). Little is known about how interpreters identify distress and what factors impact distress identification during IME. This project describes how interpreters identify distress of families during IME, and how they identify cultural nuances in distress expression and …
Psychophysiological Impacts Associated With Social Media Use, Lindsey Hieber
Psychophysiological Impacts Associated With Social Media Use, Lindsey Hieber
Theses and Dissertations
Social media has become increasingly relevant to everyday life since its inception, with new social media applications being created regularly. There has been some research regarding social media use and mental health; with studies finding both negative and positive mental health effects possible. TikTok, one of the newest and fastest growing social media applications has not been studied thoroughly to investigate potential mental health effects. The psychophysiological impacts of social media use have not been explored at all. An initial survey was done to investigate personality and mental health effects of social media use as well as if the reasonings …
Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor
Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor
Theses and Dissertations
Recent work has challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies have often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on behavioral tasks may rely on other cognitive abilities (e.g., executive functioning) that are impaired in some autistic individuals. Eye-tracking tasks do not require explicit behavioral responses, and, further, eye movements provide an indirect measure of memory. The current study examined whether memory-specific viewing patterns toward scenes differ between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Using a long-term memory paradigm that equated for complexity between item and relational memory tasks, participants …
Latino Career Choice And Prestige: Examining Prestige, Cultural Values And Family Influence In Predicting Career Choice, Edwin Ramos
Theses and Dissertations
Career choice continues to be a principal area for career development research, as finding ways to determine what contributes to career choices, and how those choices impact individuals’ micro and macro systems, informs best practices in vocational psychology. The field of vocational psychology can benefit from exploring myriad variables that may have an impact on career choice, career congruency, and persistence in the world of work; and highlighting the unique experiences and needs of diverse populations can produce new insight about different groups and people that the field should endeavor to improve. To this end, this study sought to uniquely …
Pinpointing The Cognitive Structure Of The Cpt-3: A Case For Distribution Appropriate Statistical Methods, Chandler J. Zolliecoffer
Pinpointing The Cognitive Structure Of The Cpt-3: A Case For Distribution Appropriate Statistical Methods, Chandler J. Zolliecoffer
Theses and Dissertations
The present study used the CPT-3 as a model to illustrate the complementary use of distribution-appropriate statistical methods to analyze non-normally distributed empirical datasets. Study results reaffirmed that while group-level analysis (e.g., via traditional parametric group-level analysis or distribution-appropriate group-level analysis procedures) offers insights into performance of the group in aggregate, it is oftentimes inappropriate to presume that patterns reflected by the group are, necessarily, applicable to a smaller subset of respondents. Thus, understanding how subgroups within the population navigate and approach a given task can have direct implications for more personalized/individualized assessment and treatment, especially in clinical and research …
Using Music To Modify Step-Rate And Running Biomechanics In Healthy Runners, Erin Marie Lally
Using Music To Modify Step-Rate And Running Biomechanics In Healthy Runners, Erin Marie Lally
Theses and Dissertations
Context: Running-related injury (RRI) is a significant public health issue that may be caused by injurious running biomechanics. Increasing step-rate (SR) using gait retraining may prevent and treat RRI. The Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning (OPTIMAL) theory indicates enhanced expectancies, autonomy, and external focus of attention will optimize motor learning. Music has been shown to create enhanced expectancies, can provide incidental choices (autonomy), directs attention externally, and may increase compliance. No studies have investigated if music can be used to alter SR and running biomechanics or strategies that may improve compliance to gait retraining. Objective: The …
The Role Of Childhood Trauma History In Relation To Decent Work, Matthew Reiland
The Role Of Childhood Trauma History In Relation To Decent Work, Matthew Reiland
Theses and Dissertations
This study used structural equation modeling to examine the impact of childhood trauma on decent work. Childhood trauma was added as an exogenous variable in the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) model and hypothesized to have direct and indirect effects on decent work. An online sample of 643 working adults completed PWT measures and a measure on childhood trauma. Additionally, participants completed a single Likert-type item measure assessing negative impact of COVID-19 on work so that model invariance could examined among two high and low impact groups. Group invariance was satisfied at the configural, metric, and scalar levels, and the …
Exploring Levels Of Autism Symptom Support After Eligibility Determinations, Zachary Bella
Exploring Levels Of Autism Symptom Support After Eligibility Determinations, Zachary Bella
Theses and Dissertations
The identification of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) occurs in educational and health settings. Many children with autism will only receive a classification of autism in the educational setting (Esler et al., 2022, Pettygrove et al., 2013, Wiggins et al., 2020). There is significant overlap between the early intervention offered to children with autism in health settings and what is provided through Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) (National Autism Center, 2009; Morset et al., 2010). However, there is an increasing trend of children with autism being classified with significant developmental delay (SDD) instead of autism initially in schools and the impact of …
The Biological Bases Of Political Attachment: Neurobiological Correlates Of Ideology And Partisanship, Carisa Bergner
The Biological Bases Of Political Attachment: Neurobiological Correlates Of Ideology And Partisanship, Carisa Bergner
Theses and Dissertations
To fully understand the foundations of political attachments in an increasingly polarized environment, political scientists must reconcile traditional theories of political attitudes and behavior with insight gained from neurobiological approaches. The purpose of this research is to investigate the neurobiological correlates of strength of political ideology and partisanship, as well as the neurobiological correlates of ideological and partisan orientation. To do so, both structural and functional neuroimaging analyses were conducted on a diverse sample of patients at a Level 1 Trauma Center. Results indicate that strong ideological attachment is significantly associated with decreased volume in the left insula, though partisan …
Impact Of Childhood Maltreatment And Endocannabinoid Function On Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Traumatically-Injured Adults, Elizabeth Parisi
Impact Of Childhood Maltreatment And Endocannabinoid Function On Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Traumatically-Injured Adults, Elizabeth Parisi
Theses and Dissertations
The ECSS plays a crucial role in regulation of the stress response, is modulated by exposure to acute and chronic stressors, and shows potential as a biomarker for PTSD. Changes in ECSS function are apparent in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment. Further, childhood maltreatment is a well-established pre-trauma risk factor for development of PTSD following a traumatic event in adulthood. No study to date has examined the contribution of ECSS function to the relationship between childhood maltreatment and PTSD following a subsequent trauma in adulthood. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to threat and …
Working In The Us For Recent Highly Educated Asian Immigrants And How Social Class Shift Impacted Their Experiences, Yixing Song
Working In The Us For Recent Highly Educated Asian Immigrants And How Social Class Shift Impacted Their Experiences, Yixing Song
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation utilized the Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method to understand the work experiences of recently arrived, highly educated Asian immigrants, specifically from Chinese and Taiwanese backgrounds, in the United States. Grounded in the Psychology of Working Theory, the study places a particular emphasis on the role of social class in shaping how immigrants conceptualize decent work and meaningful work as well as how they adapt in order to achieve their desired work experience after immigration. Through CQR analysis, nine distinct domains emerged, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of their professional journeys and the challenges and opportunities Asian immigrants …
Latino Men’S Barriers And Obstacles Towards Treatment Seeking Attitudes, Rebecca Gonzalez
Latino Men’S Barriers And Obstacles Towards Treatment Seeking Attitudes, Rebecca Gonzalez
Theses and Dissertations
There is a drastic difference in the number of Latino men utilizing mental healthcare as only 24 percent of Latino men with a severe mental illness ever receive treatment. Previous research has revealed stigma and attitudes are important factors in the help seeking process, but with limited Latino participants. The current study gathered survey data from Latino male university students about their levels of stigma, attitudes towards both tele – health and in person counseling, perceived barriers and benefits, treatment history, and current levels of depression. It was revealed that in contrast to previous studies, Latino men’s social stigma is …
Establishing Validity And Preliminary Clinical Utility Of A Behavioral Economic Measure Of Social Risk Discounting For Health Behaviors, Connor A. Burrows
Establishing Validity And Preliminary Clinical Utility Of A Behavioral Economic Measure Of Social Risk Discounting For Health Behaviors, Connor A. Burrows
Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic has been the most profound public health emergency of the past several decades and the United States has faced numerous challenges with the timely adoption of mitigating health behaviors. Sustained ambivalence surrounding perceptions of public health recommendations of social distancing, mask wearing, and timely vaccination remain a barrier to slowing the spread of the virus years after its initial onset. Behavior analysis and behavioral economics offer compelling theoretical and quantitative models for framing the relationship between behaviors that are aversive in the short term but beneficial for individual and public good in the long term. The present …
Am I Committed Or Conflicted? Examining Implications Of Self-Concept Structure For Self-Regulation, Well-Being, And Performance, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Am I Committed Or Conflicted? Examining Implications Of Self-Concept Structure For Self-Regulation, Well-Being, And Performance, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Although research on self-concept is extensive, few studies have examined the relationship between specific aspects of self-concept structure (e.g., self-concept clarity) and self-regulation constructs (e.g., goal commitment). In addition, research has linked aspects of self-concept structure with well-being outcomes, but less is known about the mechanisms involved in these relationships. This research addresses these two issues by examining self-concept structure (self-concept clarity and self-concept differentiation) as antecedents of key self-regulatory mechanisms (goal commitment and goal conflict) and how these linkages may help explain connections between self-concept structure and well-being and performance. More specifically, two studies examined these relationships, with Study …
Increasing Cheerleader Safety Through The Observer Effect, Madison Elizabeth Duke
Increasing Cheerleader Safety Through The Observer Effect, Madison Elizabeth Duke
Theses and Dissertations
Cheerleading has a high rate of serious injuries, but the safety of cheerleaders has seldom been researched. Behavior analytic research has never investigated cheerleading and has rarely focused on improving the safety of athletes. The present study examined scored observations, a common intervention in the behavior-based safety literature, as a method to increase the safety of cheerleaders completing basic movements. This has previously been shown to produce the observer effect, wherein an observer’s safe behavior is increased after observing and scoring the behavior of another performer. Scored observations alone increased basic cheerleading movements to a mastery criteria for one of …
Relations Between Heart Rate And Precursors To Aggression With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emily Wynn Dowling
Relations Between Heart Rate And Precursors To Aggression With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emily Wynn Dowling
Theses and Dissertations
Aggression is a commonly reported problem behavior for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. When assessing and treating aggression, there are risks of injury to the client and staff when the problem behavior is aggression. Investigating physiological arousal states of clients may be fruitful if this physiological measure can be used to predict occurrences of problem behavior, such as aggression. Previous research has shown varied results when investigating the relations between heart rate and problem behaviors. For some individuals, heart rate increased preceding problem behavior and for others heart rate decreased (Barrera et al., 2007). The temporal relation between heart …
Comparing Video Modeling To Tactile Feedback To Train Medical Skills, Kelcie Erin Mccafferty
Comparing Video Modeling To Tactile Feedback To Train Medical Skills, Kelcie Erin Mccafferty
Theses and Dissertations
Medical skills and practices have been continuously advancing, with many recent advancements in clinical practice. However, medical training has yet to develop in tandem with medical advancement. Behavior analysis has a large body of research and practice in the area of skill acquisition to offer the medical field. TAGteach® is one example of a behavior analytic method that could be beneficial to the medical field. Although traditional applications of TAGteach® have been proven to be effective, they may not be socially valid or accepted by the larger population or medical professionals. The purpose of the present study was to compare …
Further Evaluation Of The Effects Of Music And Rird On Vocal Stereotypy, Keith Happel
Further Evaluation Of The Effects Of Music And Rird On Vocal Stereotypy, Keith Happel
Theses and Dissertations
Vocal stereotypy (VS), or vocalizations that are noncontexual or nonfunctional, is commonly exhibited in individuals on the autism spectrum. The nature of vocal stereotypy may pose an issue for some individuals, ranging from social ostracization to the inability to perform daily tasks. Previous research has shown that access to matched stimulation (e.g., music) and response interruption and redirection (RIRD), a form of punishment, are effective at decreasing vocal stereotypy (Gibbs et al., 2018). However, in the aforementioned study, researchers did not evaluate a less intrusive treatment in isolation prior to implementing punishment. The purpose of the current investigation is to …
Comorbid Adhd And Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Prevalence And Risk Factors, Sarah Bills
Comorbid Adhd And Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Prevalence And Risk Factors, Sarah Bills
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood condition that places youth at increased risk for deficits in attention and executive functioning suggestive of increased rates of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). There is pronounced inconsistency in reported prevalence rates for attention deficits and ADHD diagnoses among youth with SCD, which is due in part to variability in methodology of previous studies. The primary aim of the present study is to use systematic screening to identify the prevalence of inattentive ADHD symptoms and ADHD diagnoses in a pediatric SCD population seen at a large hematology clinic. A secondary aim is …
An Examination Of Sustained Attention During Complex Multitasking Scenarios, Jonathan Cheshire Rann
An Examination Of Sustained Attention During Complex Multitasking Scenarios, Jonathan Cheshire Rann
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation project examined the time-course of vigilance decrements that occur when operators perform demanding multitasking activities. For this aim, we conducted three experiments which implemented a novel paradigm we developed that measured performance during two sessions: a Single-Task session in which participants performed a go-no-go target detection task in the absence of any other task for approximately 12 minutes; and a Multi-Task session in which participants performed the detection task simultaneously with a driving-based tracking task for the same duration. A total of 183 participants from the University of South Carolina Department of Psychology took part in this study. …
Feasibility Of A Parent-Focused, Stress Management Intervention To Decrease Adolescent Bmi, Reduce Stress, And Increase Well-Being Among African American Families, Colby J. Kipp
Theses and Dissertations
African American adolescents in the United States experience a higher prevalence of obesity as compared to their White counterparts. This health inequity presents a public health concern as consequences of weight-related chronic diseases often persist into adulthood and are increasingly problematic. As chronic stress has been found to be higher among African American youth compared to White adolescents, it presents as a potential barrier to participation for African American families in health promotion interventions. Additionally, it may be beneficial to target stress in health promotion programs as a modifiable factor in conjunction with health behaviors that may improve outcomes related …
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role Of Organization Segmentation Norms On Work-Family Enrichment, Engagement & Burnout, Sarah Jensen
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role Of Organization Segmentation Norms On Work-Family Enrichment, Engagement & Burnout, Sarah Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Increased frequency of virtual work environments has changed the dynamics of boundary management decisions for employees and underscored the importance of organizations being aware and purposeful of how their norms will impact their employees. The goal of this study was to a) understand how organizations norms towards segmentation impact employee burnout, engagement, and enrichment, and b) how segmentation preferences, job demands, and job crafting strengthen these relationships. Two samples of participants were recruited from a mental health organization (N = 73) and mTurk (N = 80) to complete surveys on the variables for the study. Organizations with a norm for …
Effect Of Variable Delays To Reinforcement On Skill Acquisition Of Tacts In Children With Autism, Ya-Chien Yang
Effect Of Variable Delays To Reinforcement On Skill Acquisition Of Tacts In Children With Autism, Ya-Chien Yang
Theses and Dissertations
Basic research has established that immediate reinforcement produces the best outcome when learning a skill. More recent research has followed, showing that even 8-10 seconds of brief delays may impair learning. In one of the few applied studies on this topic, Majdalany et al. (2016) showed that participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) acquired tacts more quickly with immediate reinforcement, compared to delays of 6s and 12s. However, no research has examined variable delays to reinforcement, which may be more common in classrooms and clinics. Thus, the purpose of the proposed study was to expand previous research by examining variable …
Do Women See Leadership As Risky? The Potential Role Of Stereotypes And The Perception Of Risk In Claiming A Leader Identity, Julia Macgregor-Peralta
Do Women See Leadership As Risky? The Potential Role Of Stereotypes And The Perception Of Risk In Claiming A Leader Identity, Julia Macgregor-Peralta
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to determine if women perceive leadership as riskier than men do, and whether that could be holding women back. Specifically, this study investigated the influence of gender and leadership views on the development of leader identity and the role that perception of risk of leadership plays. Role Congruity Theory of Leadership, Lack of Fit, and Adaptive Leadership Theory were used as theoretical frameworks in this cross-sectional study using 2022 archival data. Participants were undergraduate and graduate students from five different universities in the United States. Leader role alignment (LRA), which is the congruence between …
The Effects Of Poly-Strengths On Psychological Wellbeing Amongst Young Adults With Childhood Poly-Victimization, Nakisa Asefnia
The Effects Of Poly-Strengths On Psychological Wellbeing Amongst Young Adults With Childhood Poly-Victimization, Nakisa Asefnia
Theses and Dissertations
The field of trauma and victimization has undergone many evolutions in its efforts to conceptualize the impacts of victimization and more recently poly-victimization. Poly-victimization refers to the experiencing of multiple types of victimization over the lifespan. This has led to an ever-growing base of literature highlighting the many deleterious effects of these experiences on individuals’ wellbeing, and the factors which may make a person more vulnerable to victimization. However, a growing movement in the field aims to take a more strengths-based perspective that highlights the resilience of individuals, rather than risk factors, in the hopes of better understanding the factors …
An Exploration Of Racial Trauma And Protective Factors In Black Youth, Daria Chantal Thompson
An Exploration Of Racial Trauma And Protective Factors In Black Youth, Daria Chantal Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
Black students’ experiences in school can vary due to racism and discrimination within and outside of the classroom, which can impact their academic progress and overall well-being. In this three-part study, the impact of discrimination is observed to determine if there is a long-term effect of these situations and, if so, determine if there is utility to implement school-based resources to decrease these negative effects. The first study examined whether ethnic-racial socialization in childhood could moderate against symptoms of trauma in young adulthood that were potentially caused by discrimination from peers and teachers in childhood through hierarchical regressions. The second …
Effects Of Parenting And Self-Efficacy On Diet, Family Mealtime And Weight-Related Outcomes In African American Adolescents, Haylee Michele Loncar
Effects Of Parenting And Self-Efficacy On Diet, Family Mealtime And Weight-Related Outcomes In African American Adolescents, Haylee Michele Loncar
Theses and Dissertations
Despite substantial research and concern, adolescent overweight and obesity continues to be a significant public health problem. Theory based on developmental literature emphasizes the role of adolescent self-regulatory factors, like self-efficacy, in health behavior engagement and weight-related outcomes. There is also extensive literature that highlights parents’ role in promoting self-regulatory development through warm and responsive behaviors and practices. However, few studies have considered longitudinal associations and changes in weight-related outcomes over time, as well as moderated effects by parenting. This study assessed longitudinal associations between adolescent self-efficacy parenting factors and adolescent BMI, diet, and family mealtime to fill gaps in …
Neural Mechanisms Of Lexical Semantics: Investigating The Roles Of Hubs And Distributed Action-Perception Systems, Nicholas Andrew Riccardi
Neural Mechanisms Of Lexical Semantics: Investigating The Roles Of Hubs And Distributed Action-Perception Systems, Nicholas Andrew Riccardi
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the meaning of words and concepts is vital for communication, forming relationships, and navigating everyday life. Loss of this knowledge through brain damage can have drastic consequences for one’s health and well-being. It is therefore important to learn how this information is organized anatomically in the brain. In this dissertation, I report a series of structural and functional neuroimaging studies in healthy adults and survivors of stroke seeking to understand how lexical semantics are represented. Specifically, I used a variety of tasks to examine the contributions of putative ‘hubs’ and distributed action-perception systems. Results indicated that damage or disruption …
Parent Facilitation Of Child Emotion Regulation In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Aimee K. Rovane
Parent Facilitation Of Child Emotion Regulation In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Aimee K. Rovane
Theses and Dissertations
Parents play a substantial role in their children's emotional regulation (ER) abilities, promoting both adaptive and maladaptive development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties regulating their emotions, manifesting in externalizing behavioral issues (Mazefsky & White 2014). Though there are many similarities to parents of typically developing (TD) children, parents of children with ASD facilitate their children's ER development (i.e., emotion socialization) in response to unique challenges, often developing resiliency but other times contributing to their children’s dysregulation and behavioral challenges. Using Morris et al.'s (2007) Tripartite Model of Family Impact of Children's Emotion Regulation and Adjustment as …
Narrating & Living With Loss: Towards An Ethnography Of Grief, Fayrouz Ibrahim
Narrating & Living With Loss: Towards An Ethnography Of Grief, Fayrouz Ibrahim
Theses and Dissertations
Through this paper, I seek to approach grief through how it is lived, the nexus between loss, and the sought-for physical abstractions through memory, objects, and materials to live with/despite such a loss. This paper is a phenomenological and ethnographic research project on the curatory rituals and practices that individuals employ in keeping lost loved ones alive in their everyday. I explore grief through a multidisciplinary and multimodal conceptualization rather than simply through cultural and social practices such as burial and mortuary rituals. The research follows the grief narratives of different individuals in Egypt in inquiring about the objects, memories, …