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Classroom Model And Peer Influence: The Relationship Between Preschoolers' Behavior And Academic Achievement In The Classroom, Rhonda Sue Jamison
Classroom Model And Peer Influence: The Relationship Between Preschoolers' Behavior And Academic Achievement In The Classroom, Rhonda Sue Jamison
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Research indicates that classroom behaviors in students may be good predictors of academic success. The present study investigated the relationship between classroom peers, positive and negative classroom behaviors, early literacy and mathematics ability, and classroom model in 214 predominately low-income preschool children in 21 classes across a six-county area. It was hypothesized that peer classroom behavior would be a significant predictor of individual child ability and that peers would have differential influence across classroom models. Results indicated that peer classroom behavior was not a significant predictor of individual child ability. Individual child classroom behaviors, specifically positive behaviors, emerged as a …
Emotional Intelligence And Conflict Management Style, Laura Noelle Henderson
Emotional Intelligence And Conflict Management Style, Laura Noelle Henderson
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and conflict management was investigated using 229 college students and 4 3 participants from organizational settings. A positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence scores and use of the integrating style of handling conflict with one's bosses, one's subordinates and one's coworkers. Of the five styles of handling conflict, emotional intelligence had the highest significant positive relationship with the integrating style; this style is generally considered to be the best approach to handling conflict. High levels of emotional intelligence were associated with high levels of socially desirable responding. Emotional intelligence scores decreased with age, …
Keeping Friendships Alive: Self-Monitoring And Maintenance Strategies, Nadia Nicol Flanigan
Keeping Friendships Alive: Self-Monitoring And Maintenance Strategies, Nadia Nicol Flanigan
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between self-monitoring and use of maintenance strategies in friendships was examined. It was hypothesized that low self-monitors would engage in more idealization, report higher degrees of closeness, and report higher degrees of platonic love in their relationships with their best friends than would high self-monitors. Participants (81 females, 61 males) completed Snyder and Gangestad's (1986) revised Self- Monitoring Scale; Edmond's (1967) Marital Conventionalization Scale; Hendrick's (1988) Relationship Assessment Scale; the Diversity and Strength scales of Berscheid, Snyder, & Omoto's (1989) Relationship Closeness Inventory; Aron, Aron, and Allen's (1998) Desirability, Probability, Desirability of the State, and Intensity Scales; and …
Some Effects Of Self-Monitoring, Perceived Norms, And Sex-Role Stereotypes On Romantic Betrayals, Alissa Anne Garth
Some Effects Of Self-Monitoring, Perceived Norms, And Sex-Role Stereotypes On Romantic Betrayals, Alissa Anne Garth
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
It was hypothesized that high self-monitors (compared to low self-monitors) would report more betrayals of their romantic partners. Perceptions of others' betrayals should follow sex-role stereotypes (i.e., males are more likely to betray than females). Sex-role stereotyping might be attenuated when counter-stereotypical norms are made salient. One-hundred seventy five undergraduates completed the Interpersonal Behavior Survey (Roscoe et aI., 1988) and the Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder & Gangestad, 1986). Before doing so, participants read one of two instructional sets: females are more likely than males to betray their romantic partners; people in general are likely to betray their romantic partners. Participants responded …
Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy : Gender, Sexism, And Just World Beliefs As Predictors Of Juror Decisions, Dawn R. Hurst
Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy : Gender, Sexism, And Just World Beliefs As Predictors Of Juror Decisions, Dawn R. Hurst
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Mock jurors (N = 200) read descriptions of a mock civil case involving an adult survivor of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy who is suing his/her abuser for monetary/psychological damages. Jurors individually decided perceived percent of responsibility of defendant, award to plaintiff pre- and post-group deliberations, and as a mock jury, in groups of 5 to 10. Jurors and juries assigned greater percent of culpability to female defendants than male defendants. Individual jurors awarded more n1oney to plaintiffs abused by female defendants than male defendants. Low Modem Sexism Scale (MSS) scorers attributed greater percentage of responsibility to defendants and awarded plaintiff …
Fathers' Physiological Reactions To Child-Related Stimuli And Observed Fathering Behaviors, Brian D. Hunter
Fathers' Physiological Reactions To Child-Related Stimuli And Observed Fathering Behaviors, Brian D. Hunter
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Child abuse studies have measured physiological reactivity of parents in response to several child- and nonchild-related stimuli. Abusive parents have responded to aversive stimuli, including that which is child-related, with atypical physiological reactivity, suggesting a trait of hyperreactivity. The current study tested the hypothesis that variation in observed parenting behaviors is associated with physiological reactivity to childrelated stimuli. To explore this association, researchers measured fathers' skin conductance level, heart rate and respiration rate in reaction to video segments of a quiet, crying and happy infant, then scored observed father-child interactions for the use of parenting warmth and control across four …
Intrusive Thoughts And Stress During The Evacuation Phase Of A Technological Disaster, Alisa Mastin Aston
Intrusive Thoughts And Stress During The Evacuation Phase Of A Technological Disaster, Alisa Mastin Aston
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The current study investigates the quantity and quality of intrusive thoughts (IT) experienced during the evacuation following a technological disaster. This study is aimed at evaluating which aspects of IT are related to increased frequency and disturbance of intrusive thoughts, as well as stress and coping outcomes.
Young Children’S Responses To Conflictual Adult Conversation, Jessica A. Cartozian
Young Children’S Responses To Conflictual Adult Conversation, Jessica A. Cartozian
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The current study evaluated relationships among children's cognitions following exposure to scripted conflictual interactions between adults. Thirty- five mother-child dyads were assessed using self-report measures, and continuous measures of behavioral and physiological distress (cardiac function, skin conductance). Four hypotheses were investigated: Exposure to conflict would be related to greater distress following the conflictual script; attributional errors would be related to greater distress; child distress would be positively correlated with parental conflict at home; maternal psychopathology would be positively related with distress responses to the stimulus. All hypotheses were found to be non-significant. Explanations for non-significance include the normative sample, the …
Defining Imaginary Audience Scores Via Gender Attributes Versus Biological Gender, George M. Freeman
Defining Imaginary Audience Scores Via Gender Attributes Versus Biological Gender, George M. Freeman
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Imaginary audience scores for males and females have not demonstrated consistent differences in the literature. In this study, scores on the Imaginary Audience Scale (lAS) and on the Imaginary Audience subscale of the Adolescent Egocentrism-Sociocentrism scale (ABS) were compared to self-rating of gender attributes on the Personality Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ). Results for 64 females and 32 males surveyed at a southeastern university indicate that one's self-rating of gender attributes correlates with imaginary audience scores while biological gender does not. As masculine attribute scores increase, lAS scores and Abiding Self subscale scores decrease. As masculine-feminine attribute scores (traits favored by both …
Attachment Object Effects On Children's Anxiety During School-Related Transitions, Lauriann M. Jones
Attachment Object Effects On Children's Anxiety During School-Related Transitions, Lauriann M. Jones
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Because a child's first day of school can be anxiety provoking, familiar soothing inanimate objects, such as blankets, might help to minimize discomfort related to this novel situation. The current study examined the anxiety level of twenty-six one- to four-year-old children and their mothers at three times 1) before the first day of school, 2) during separation from their mother on the first day of school, and 3) after home from their first day of school. Maternal report was used to assess child and mother anxiety levels (Likert scale 0- 10) and child level of attachment to a familiar inanimate …
Confession, Coercion, Procedural Error And The Juror, Kimberly Anne Jenkins Coffman
Confession, Coercion, Procedural Error And The Juror, Kimberly Anne Jenkins Coffman
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The current research examined whether mock jurors make differential assessments of guilt of defendants based on inclusion or exclusion of confession evidence and type of coercion to determine if jurors' behavioral reactions to confession evidence could be predicted. Hypotheses addressed effects of various factors on jurors' decisions of verdicts regarding defendants' guilt or innocence and their certainty of these verdicts: inclusion of confession evidence, type of coercion used in obtaining confessions, admissible or inadmissible presentation of confession evidence, and influence of potential predictor variables. Predictor variables assessed included participants' Belief in a Just World, Spheres of Control, New Authoritarianism, and …
Juror's Perception Of Recovered Memory, Type Of Trauma And Adult Witness Demeanor, Donna Marie Vigilante
Juror's Perception Of Recovered Memory, Type Of Trauma And Adult Witness Demeanor, Donna Marie Vigilante
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
College students judged the testimony in a civil trial in which a childhood memory had been recovered after 20 years. Participants were 108 students (n = 79 female and 29 male) enrolled in undergraduate psychology courses. The design was a 2 X 2 X 2 between subjects factorial design which investigated effects of the type of incident (sexual abuse/hit-and-run), how the memory was recovered (therapy/wedding), and type of testimony (assertive/emotional). The study determined that mock jurors were likely to perceive the plaintiff's testimony as credible when she testified she was sexually abused as a child rather than when she was …
Death Anxiety In Young Adults: The Predictive Role Of Gender And Psychological Seperation From Parents, Kimberly Dehate Chelgren
Death Anxiety In Young Adults: The Predictive Role Of Gender And Psychological Seperation From Parents, Kimberly Dehate Chelgren
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the predictive role of gender and psychological separation in the death anxiety of young adults. A total death anxiety score and eight psychological dependency scores, four for mom and four for dad, were obtained from male and female participants between the ages of 17 and 26 years old. Females were found to have significantly higher total death anxiety than were males. Females also had significantly higher emotional dependency on mom than did males. Regression analysis revealed that gender and emotional dependency on mom account for 14% of the variance in total death anxiety. Additional results with males …
Individual Differences In Cognitive Performance Relating To Non-Pathological Sleep Parameters In The Presence Of A Stressor, Theresa Marie Lagman
Individual Differences In Cognitive Performance Relating To Non-Pathological Sleep Parameters In The Presence Of A Stressor, Theresa Marie Lagman
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Non-pathological sleep parameters in relation to cognition among individuals who do not qualify as having sleep disorders or who are not subjected to extended periods of total sleep deprivation have not been adequately investigated in previous studies. The current study investigates the influence of circadian typology (morning-type vs. evening-type individuals), time of session (AM vs. PM), habitual sleep practices (sleep hygiene), sleep quality, life stress, and the presence of an acute stressor on sustained attention, memory, and mental rotation performance. Several main effects emerged for individual variables above; however, the data failed to reveal significant interactions among these variables. The …
Deception In Interpersonal Settings: The Relationship Between The Content Of An Excuse And Its Recipient, Vera Margaret Trefry
Deception In Interpersonal Settings: The Relationship Between The Content Of An Excuse And Its Recipient, Vera Margaret Trefry
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A correlational study investigated the nature of excuses, including the relationship of excuse complexity, uniqueness, frequency, and success to the level of knowledge the recipient has about the excuse giver. Analysis of results from responses of 121 participants to questionnaires describing excuses to employers, teachers, parents, and spouse/boy/girlfriends found that the complexity and uniqueness of excuses vary positively with the knowledge level of the recipient, but only when an unequal power relationship exists between the recipient and the excuse giver. Excuses to recipients with a low personal knowledge level of the excuse giver, such as employers or teachers, tended to …
Effect Of Discounting On Self-Generated Attitude Change: A Person By Situtation, Fiorella Giulietta Speziani
Effect Of Discounting On Self-Generated Attitude Change: A Person By Situtation, Fiorella Giulietta Speziani
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This research used a trait-based impression formation task to explore the effect of instructional set and opportunity for thought on inconsistency discounting. It was predicted that attitude polarization would be attenuated, regardless of opportunity for thought, when discounting incongruent information was difficult. When discounting incongruent information was easy, attitude polarization was expected to increase as opportunity for thought increased. The relationship between discounting and opportunity for thought was expected to be accentuated when individuals are low in tolerance for ambiguity. The results did not support these predictions. Explanations for the results are discussed and directions for future research are proposed.
Religiosity And Aids : The Relationship Between Religious Orientation And Attitudes Toward Aids, Patricia J. Pallay
Religiosity And Aids : The Relationship Between Religious Orientation And Attitudes Toward Aids, Patricia J. Pallay
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
It was hypothesized that religious orientation would influence the attitudes that individuals formulated about AIDS and its victims. Specifically, intrinsically oriented subjects were predicted to have more positive attitudes toward AIDS and people with AIDS, and extrinsically oriented subjects were predicted to have more negative attitudes toward AIDS and people with AIDS. Sixty three college students enrolled in social psychology were administered Allport and Ross' Religious Orientation Scale to measure intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation. Three existing measures were used to assess attitudes toward AIDS. Additional instruments were also given to assess the subjects' knowledge about AIDS and attitudes toward …
How Do Actors And Actresses Age?: Self-Monitoring And Aging, Barbara A. Bowman
How Do Actors And Actresses Age?: Self-Monitoring And Aging, Barbara A. Bowman
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the relationship between life events, self-monitoring, and aging. This relationship is explored in the following five areas: religious practices, social networks, intergenerational relationships, retirement, and leisure. It was hypothesized that, compared to low self-monitors, high self-monitors would (a) spend less time in private devotional activities as they age, (b) feel a heavier impact from the reduction in the quantity of social networks, (c) have more distant intergenerational ties, (d) adjust to forced retirement more quickly, and ( e) be less satisfied with leisure time as they age. The 120 volunteer participants ranged in age from 51 through …
An Investigation Of A Process Constraint Treatment Analogue For Verbalizers And Visualizers, Rebecca E. Aronow
An Investigation Of A Process Constraint Treatment Analogue For Verbalizers And Visualizers, Rebecca E. Aronow
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Based on the self-generated attitude change model, a process constraint treatment analogue was investigated. Differential treatment effects were explored for people that are verbalizers and visualizers. It was predicted that people who participated in the process constraint condition would benefit more if they were verbalizers than visualizers. It was also predicted that there would be no difference in effects for people in the control condition. To test these predictions, people with a fear of speaking in public were asked to speak in front of a small group. The effects of the treatment conditions were assessed using self-report, behavioral, and physiological …
A Comparison Of Three Thought Constraint Treatment Analogues: Process Constraint, Reality Constraint, And Combined Process And Reality Constraint, Martha Lana Bogardus-Groble
A Comparison Of Three Thought Constraint Treatment Analogues: Process Constraint, Reality Constraint, And Combined Process And Reality Constraint, Martha Lana Bogardus-Groble
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Several studies have explored the application of self-generated attitude change model to the reduction of phobic affect. Three treatment analogues of constrained thought, previously demonstrated to attenuate polarized affect, were compared to determine the relative efficacy of process constraint, reality constraint, and combined constraint. The effects of treatment were assessed with-measures of behavioral approach, physiological arousal, subjective fear report, self-appraised performance, and subject predictions of ability to cope in extra laboratory situations. It was predicted that the combined condition would provide the most powerful treatment analogue but this was not demonstrated. Subjects in all conditions improved across all measures, except …
Effect Of Client Variables On Client Perceptions Of A Therapist, Karen E. Oldham
Effect Of Client Variables On Client Perceptions Of A Therapist, Karen E. Oldham
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between socially oriented client characteristics and facilitative therapist variables on client perceptions of the therapeutic relationship (CPTR) was investigated. Subjects were75 undergraduate students who answered a pretherapy questionnaire to measure the socially oriented client variables trusting, warmth, dominance (16PF), sex role orientation (Bem Sex Role Inventory), wanted and expressed inclusion, control, and affection (FIRO-B). Subjects were blocked on trusting and expressed affection and randomly assigned to a warm or neutral therapist condition where they saw a counselor for one fifty minute session. CPTR was measured using the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory, Counselor Rating Form, Therapist Rating Scales and Global …
Jealousy: Its Emotional Components And Its Relationship To Situational Versus General Needs., Yola Harrison
Jealousy: Its Emotional Components And Its Relationship To Situational Versus General Needs., Yola Harrison
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Male and female emotional reactions to jealousy arousing situations were investigated. These reactions were studied with relation to subjects ' general and relationship needs. Subjects ' expressed emotions, their general needs, and their relationship needs were measured. The results indicated that: 1) Females express stronger emotions in a jealousy situation, however, the range of expressed emotions for both males and females is similar. 2) Although relationship needs correlated more strongly, than did the general needs, with the expressed emotions, R* values were not high enough to permit understanding or prediction of these emotions through relationship needs.
Risk Taking, Impulsiveness, And The Age-Crime Relationship, M Elizabeth Copeland-Teschner
Risk Taking, Impulsiveness, And The Age-Crime Relationship, M Elizabeth Copeland-Teschner
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The study's purpose was to determine the influence of risk-taking and impulsiveness on criminal behavior, the factors' relationship to each other and their relationship, to age. It was hoped that the data would help explain the phenomenon of criminal burnout. Subjects were three groups of males aged 18 to 44, classed by their criminal history. Group One was 83 prisoners; group two, 53 subjects who had never been arrested; group three, 28 who had been arrested or incarcerated in the past, but who were not incarcerated at this time (the "erstwhile" group). Measures utilized were the Self-control (Sc) scale from …
Males' And Females' Attitudes Toward A Prospective Social Group Member With A History Of Mental Illness, Kathryn H. Walburn
Males' And Females' Attitudes Toward A Prospective Social Group Member With A History Of Mental Illness, Kathryn H. Walburn
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Attitudes of male and female subjects toward a prospective social group member who did/did not have a history of mental illness were investigated. The cognitive, behavioral and affective components of subjects' attitudes were measured. Results from the cognitive measure indicated that: 1) Subjects in the experimental condition perceived the confederate less positively on personal characteristics indicative of moral character. 2) Male subjects perceived the confederate as more dependable when she had a history of mental illness, while female subjects perceived her as less dependable when she disclosed history of mental illness. On the behavioral and affective component measures, there were …
Sex Differences In Mortality Statistics In Relation To Employment Status And Marital Status, Moseley Green Ruark
Sex Differences In Mortality Statistics In Relation To Employment Status And Marital Status, Moseley Green Ruark
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Male mortality rates exceeded female rates in every death type and the sex differential increased from 1970 to 1980 in every death type except homicides. The findings in this study suggest that marital and employment factors contribute to sex differences in mortality for suicidal and accidental deaths. Being employed was associated with fewer suicidal and accidental deaths for females than for males. Being married was associated with fewer suicidal and accidental deaths for males, while marital status had no relationship to suicidal and accidental deaths for females. Due to these relationships it might be inferred that the expanding sex differential …
Exploratory Study Of A Measure Of Self-Actualization, Norma C. Troncoso
Exploratory Study Of A Measure Of Self-Actualization, Norma C. Troncoso
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Two studies were conducted to measure positive personality change expected to occur during four years of a self-actualizing program. The first study computed inter correlations among the scales of the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) for students in the Psychology and English Departments of a Spanish-speaking college, which were then compared with those reported in the test manual. Generally, correlations were greater than those in the manual, which suggested possible influence by the humanistic and Christian philosophy of the college. The second study examined the effect of training for self-actualization and personality growth on the behavior of a group of psychology …
Physical Attractiveness: Its Influence On The Perception Of Counselors, Connie H. Sanders
Physical Attractiveness: Its Influence On The Perception Of Counselors, Connie H. Sanders
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
60 undergraduate students evaluated male and female counselors on fifteen counselor variables based on listening to a tape recording of a counselor self-introduction paired with an attractive or unattractive picture. Two groups served as control groups; they heard the tape but received no picture. The attractive counselor was perceived as significantly more decisive, interesting, caring, open-minded, likable and better adjusted than the unattractive counselor. These effects were more pronounced for the female counselors than for the male counselors.
Investigation Of The Responsive And Initiative Dimensions In The Client-Therapist Relationship In Gestalt And Behavior Therapy, Lynda M. Pierce
Investigation Of The Responsive And Initiative Dimensions In The Client-Therapist Relationship In Gestalt And Behavior Therapy, Lynda M. Pierce
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Research findings to the present have indicated the responsive and initiative dimensions to be important in the therapeutic process in influencing positive outcome; yet, investigators of current therapeutic approaches have not discussed how these dimensions might be integrated into their particular orientation. Therefore, a review of the literature investigating emphasis on the responsive and initiative dimensions in the major theoretical approaches seems warranted. This procedure involves superimposing Carkhuff’s theoretical model, developed for facilitation of therapeutic outcome, upon certain of the therapeutic approaches.