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Successful But Exhausted: The Effect Of Tokenism On Black Employees, Sydney Green
Successful But Exhausted: The Effect Of Tokenism On Black Employees, Sydney Green
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Despite organizations' efforts to reduce racial inequality in the workplace, White employees continue to outnumber Black employees in many organizations and workgroups. The present research investigates the cognitive performance of Black and White men experiencing different degrees of group racial representation and explores whether keeping their performance private reduces the effect of group racial representation. A sample recruited via Prolific included 491 men, (50.50% White and 49.50% Black), aged 18 to 65 years (M = 39.3, SD = 10.4) working in the U.S. at least 31 hours per week (M = 42.2, SD = 6.7). Using an online …
Ethnic Group Political Efficacy: Scale Development And Latino Political Participation, Norma Elizabeth Garza Reyes
Ethnic Group Political Efficacy: Scale Development And Latino Political Participation, Norma Elizabeth Garza Reyes
Psychology Dissertations
Latinos have grown to be the largest ethnic minority group in the U.S. since the 2000 U.S. Census count but have historically voted at lower numbers compared to White Americans. Two studies examined a new construct, ethnic group political efficacy (GPE), to understand better marginalized groups voting participation. Study 1 developed a group political efficacy scale (GPE). Using exploratory factor and item response theory analysis, results revealed that the scale has three factors: internal, external, and power GPE. More importantly, minorities’ voting intent was partially explained by ethnic GPE. Next, a focal second short-term longitudinal study with an online national …
Utilizing The Radsm Process: Developing An Unobtrusive Measure Of Cohesion, Zachary Lee Rahner
Utilizing The Radsm Process: Developing An Unobtrusive Measure Of Cohesion, Zachary Lee Rahner
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, verbal indicators produced following the RADSM process were used to code transcript data collected from 62 three-person teams playing a cooperative bridge crew simulator. A training dataset, consisting of 88 mission transcripts, and a testing dataset, consisting of 39 mission transcripts, were created from the data. Multilevel modeling was employed to develop a linear-regression algorithm to predict/measure team task and social cohesion. The findings revealed that task cohesion perceptions are linked to the proportion of speech dedicated to information requests and instructions, whereas social cohesion perceptions are associated with the proportion of speech dedicated to amusing and …
The #Metoo Movement And Social Dominance Orientation, Elaine N. Forbes
The #Metoo Movement And Social Dominance Orientation, Elaine N. Forbes
Honors College Theses
Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) is a measurement of an individual's desire for the current social hierarchy to be maintained (Sidanius & Pratto, 1994). SDO has long been considered relatively stable, and men have been shown to exhibit higher SDO than women on average. However, recent research suggests that men's SDO scores may increase in response to an outgroup threat (Sugiura et al., 2017). The current study aimed to use the #MeToo Movement as an outgroup threat to investigate the effect of a modern real-world event on SDO scores in men compared to women. Modified news articles covering the #MeToo Movement …
Lead Me To Lose: How Leaders, Uncertainty, And Competition Influence Weight Loss Intentions In Groups, Jeffrey M. Beaulieu
Lead Me To Lose: How Leaders, Uncertainty, And Competition Influence Weight Loss Intentions In Groups, Jeffrey M. Beaulieu
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
The rates of obesity in the US was 42.4% in 2017-2018. Engaging people’s social identities through leadership may be an effective method to encourage weight loss. The social identity approach to leadership often examines representative and prototypical leadership as of the average group traits or as leaders who are similar to followers. However, exceptional leaders may also be prototypical. The preference for exceptional (ideal) over similar (representative) leaders may lie in the identity function the leader serves. Here, I hypothesized that ideal leaders (e.g., someone who has already successfully lost weight), who embody extreme positive group attributes are most influential …
Papal Support For Women Under Uncertainty: Changing Perceptions Of Women In Religious Leadership Positions In The Roman Catholic Church, Stephanie M. Byers
Papal Support For Women Under Uncertainty: Changing Perceptions Of Women In Religious Leadership Positions In The Roman Catholic Church, Stephanie M. Byers
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Women have historically been barred from holding positions of leadership and power. As a result, much of the literature examining women as leaders is narrow in context, focusing mainly on business and political settings (Eagly & Johnson, 1990). The current work contributes to diverse leadership research by analyzing women leaders in the context of the Roman Catholic Church - a historically gender-biased religious organization with no current leadership opportunities for women. The Church’s rigid leadership stance provides an optimal setting for exploring openness to accept change in traditionalist organizations. Previous research on identity leadership has shown that prototypical leaders are …
Why Empirical Studies Of The Groupthink Model Have Failed, Nolan Rajakumar
Why Empirical Studies Of The Groupthink Model Have Failed, Nolan Rajakumar
CMC Senior Theses
The theory of groupthink has been highly beneficial in the study of how groups make decisions. It has permeated almost every field containing decision making groups. Despite its popularity, there has been a surprising lack of empirical support for the model. It is the aim of this paper to suggest a possible explanation for the current state of groupthink research. First the groupthink model is described briefly, followed by a look at several selected empirical and case studies of groupthink. A potential reason for the dearth of empirical is then proposed along with a suggestion for future groupthink research.
Exploring Predictors Of Information Exchange: A Behavioral Validation Of The Issie Scale, Ryan Thomas Gertner
Exploring Predictors Of Information Exchange: A Behavioral Validation Of The Issie Scale, Ryan Thomas Gertner
Psychology Dissertations
A multitude of factors have been found to influence the prevalence of information exchange behaviors among team members. However, there are no scales that have measured individual motivational and cognitive differences and how these predict group processes and behaviors. This dissertation helps advance our understanding of how individual differences towards information sharing, information seeking, ideation, and elaboration in group settings can influence group processes. The Information Sharing, Seeking, Ideation, and Elaboration scale (ISSIE) was designed to measure these processes and serve as a predictor for those specific behaviors. This dissertation consisted of a two-part study, one survey and one in …
Initial Development Of A Team Viability Measure, Jessica Nicole Cooperstein
Initial Development Of A Team Viability Measure, Jessica Nicole Cooperstein
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Team effectiveness has been studied greatly in organizational research, and many factors have been identified that contribute to team success. However, given that numerous work teams today are long-term, ongoing entities, performance alone may not be the most appropriate measure. Many teams need to be highly adaptive to meet environmental demands (Tannenbaum, Mathieu, Salas, & Cohen, 2012). These teams go through several performance episodes, often managing several tasks simultaneously (Marks, Mathieu, & Zaccaro, 2001). Team viability as a construct may be useful in determining how well a team will perform on subsequent tasks. Viability assesses the team’s potential for future …
The Influence Of Team Prosocial Motivation On Emergent States And Shared Leadership, Tyree David Mitchell
The Influence Of Team Prosocial Motivation On Emergent States And Shared Leadership, Tyree David Mitchell
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Despite the growing body of research on shared leadership, relatively little is known about the antecedents of shared leadership. The following study examined the effects of team prosocial motivation on team emergent states (i.e., team empowerment, psychological safety) and shared leadership. Drawing on motivational theories (e.g., self-determination theory), it was hypothesized that team empowerment and psychological safety would mediate the relationship between team prosocial motivation and shared leadership. Also, in line with the social identity and self-categorization perspectives, it was hypothesized that team surface-level diversity (racial diversity, gender diversity, faultline strength) would moderate the effects of team prosocial motivation on …
Group-Level Differences Of Moral Foundations, Jeremy Winget
Group-Level Differences Of Moral Foundations, Jeremy Winget
Master's Theses
Previous research has started to map the moral domain for individual actors. In particular, Haidt and colleagues (Haidt, 2007, 2008; Haidt & Graham, 2007; Haidt & Joseph, 2004) have extended the moral domain beyond the traditional notions of justice and rights concerns. From this line of research, moral foundations theory emerged, which holds moral intuitions derive from innate psychological mechanisms that co-evolved with cultural institutions and practices. However, to date, there has not been a systematic demonstration of how these moral foundations operate within intergroup settings. Janoff-Bulman and Carnes (2013) have proposed a comprehensive model of the moral landscape that …
Performance Of Individuals And Teams On Cryptographic Tasks: Factors That Affect The Consideration Of Alternative Strategies, Joseph Bihary
Performance Of Individuals And Teams On Cryptographic Tasks: Factors That Affect The Consideration Of Alternative Strategies, Joseph Bihary
Dissertations
The two studies presented here examined factors that might affect teams’ and individuals’ tendency to follow outside advice when attempting to solve a complex problem known as letters-to-numbers. Past research on group dynamics suggests that a lack of group consensus or homogeneity reduces group members’ confidence in their group’s abilities, and may lead members both to seek and accept advice from outside the group. Study 1 experimentally manipulated group diversity in task performance strategies in order to investigate whether dyads whose members have divergent perspectives are more likely than homogeneous dyads to consider and use a problem-solving strategy presented from …
International Student Support Groups: Understanding Experiences Of Group Members And Leaders, Nathaniel W. Page
International Student Support Groups: Understanding Experiences Of Group Members And Leaders, Nathaniel W. Page
Theses and Dissertations
A multi-site qualitative study explored the group experiences of 6 group leaders and 10 group members who participated in 7 different university counseling center international student support groups. Data collection and analysis phases followed the process of hermeneutic interpretation articulated by Kvale and Brinkmann (2009), which resulted in nine major themes and ten sub-themes organized into four sections: (a) Recruitment and group design, (b) Experiences of group members, (c) Experiences of group leaders, and (d) Additional considerations. Implications for international student support groups are discussed.
The Influence Of Perceived Similarity, Affect And Trust On The Performance Of Student Learning Groups, Jennifer Louise Lacewell
The Influence Of Perceived Similarity, Affect And Trust On The Performance Of Student Learning Groups, Jennifer Louise Lacewell
All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects
This study examined trust as one of the ways to improve satisfaction and performance in face-to-face student learning groups. A model was developed where trust mediates the relationship between perceived similarity, affect, and individual outcomes of satisfaction and performance (grades). Perceived similarity is positively related to trust, meaning that when students perceive themselves as similar to their group members they will be more likely to trust those group members. Negative affect was also negatively related to trust, but only in the beginning of the semester the group project/discussion. Positive affect was not related to trust. This suggests negative affect is …
How Do Teams Become Cohesive? A Meta-Analysis Of Cohesion's Antecedents, Rebecca Grossman
How Do Teams Become Cohesive? A Meta-Analysis Of Cohesion's Antecedents, Rebecca Grossman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
While a wealth of research has deemed cohesion critical for team effectiveness (e.g., Mullen and Copper, 1994; Beal, et al., 2003), less emphasis has been placed on understanding how to get it. Multiple studies do examine cohesion antecedents, but these studies have not yet been integrated in either theoretical or empirical manners. The purpose of this study was thus to begin addressing this gap in the literature. I conducted a series of meta-analyses to identify and explore various antecedents of cohesion, as well as moderators of antecedent-cohesion relationships. Findings revealed a variety of cohesion antecedents. Specifically, team behaviors, emergent states, …
The Effects Of Group Essence Survival On Group Morale, Mark R. Wojda
The Effects Of Group Essence Survival On Group Morale, Mark R. Wojda
ETD Archive
Morale has been defined as, "the capacity of a group of people to pull together persistently and consistently in pursuit of a common purpose" (Leighton, 1949, p. 78). What is missing in our understanding of morale is knowing precisely what generates, increases, and decreases morale. One purpose of the current project is to explore these aspects of morale. Specifically, one factor that may boost or drive morale is the survival of the group's identity, or common purpose. The "essence" of a group includes their values, ideals, and identity that may live on even after current members of the group no …
A Social Relations Analysis Of Transactive Memory In Groups, Sarah J. Ross
A Social Relations Analysis Of Transactive Memory In Groups, Sarah J. Ross
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Transactive memory is the knowledge of what others in a group know and the exchange of that knowledge. In groups with effective transactive memory systems, members know “who knows what”, send knowledge to the appropriate individuals, and develop strategies for retrieving that information (Mohammed & Dumville, 2001; Wegner, 1995). Transactive memory studies tend to focus on the group as a whole, but useful information might be gathered by investigating transactive memory in dyads within groups. The purpose of this research was to use the social relations model (Kenny & LaVoie, 1984) as the basis for operationalizing transactive memory and …
Assertion Training Groups: Therapist-Directed And Self-Directed Goal Orientation Methods, Lawrence George Jarvis
Assertion Training Groups: Therapist-Directed And Self-Directed Goal Orientation Methods, Lawrence George Jarvis
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of two methods of goal specification in Assertion Training groups as assessed by two self-report measures, the Goal Attainment Scaling process and the Assertion Inventory. An Assertion Training group method having specific behavioral steps for approaching individualized goals was represented as the Therapist-Directed Assertion Training group. The second Assertion Training group was a Self-Directed group that allowed subjects to independently set and approach their own goals without the assistance of therapists in setting goals. Subjects were selected from among individuals who volunteered for the Assertion Training group in response to solicitation …
Expressed Group Member Satisfaction And Measured Group Difference Between Trained And Untrained Group Members, Dennis Randall Kilstrom
Expressed Group Member Satisfaction And Measured Group Difference Between Trained And Untrained Group Members, Dennis Randall Kilstrom
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
In college programs utilizing the quarter system there arise problems in the development of encounter groups due to a limited amount of time available. A short training program in evaluating group processes might be one way to facilitate group development. In order to test one such program two hypotheses were generated. Hypotheses I was tested for a significant difference between a Treatment Group, receiving training, and a Control Group, receiving no training, in expressed member satisfaction. Hypothesis II was tested for a significant difference in the therapeutic value of rated interaction between the Treatment and Control Group. Expressed member satisfaction …