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Selected Demographic And Mmpi Scales As Predictors Of Seclusion And Restraint In An Inpatient Psychiatric Adolescent Male Population, Steven G. Hamming

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Working with troubled adolescents is a challenging and sometimes dangerous occupation. one of the means of control often employed in treatment settings with aggressive youth is seclusion and restraint. This intervention is intended as a means of helping the youth regain control while maintaining the safety of the therapeutic milieu for the other patients and staff members. Research implicates several demographic factors and personality styles which are observed with aggressive acting out in male adolescents. To examine the ability of these variables to predict the aggressive behavior warranting seclusion and restraint, archival data were collected from 186 former inpatient adolescent …

An Exploratory Factor Analysis Of The Character Assessment Scale, Kenneth Edward Lloyd

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

During the past three decades there has been a resurgence of interest among the social sciences in the study of morality. Among the theoretical perspectives demonstrating this growing interest has been the trait/individual difference approach, represented by the comprehensive personality-based theories of Peck and Havighurst (1960) and Hogan (1973), and a variety of more narrowly focused, trait-based instruments. One such instrument is The Character Assessment Scale (CAS) developed by Schmidt (1981, 1987). The CAS is a 225-item, true-false scale incorporating conventional moral values. scale composition includes (a) eight moral strength scales, (b) eight corresponding moral weakness scales, (c) eight combined …

The Effect Of Parent Christian Life Identity On Problem Behavior In Children With Learning Disorders, Philip A. House

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The purpose of this study conducted in the Summer and Fall of 1991 was to determine whether parent Christian life identity ameliorates problem behavior in children with learning disorders. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Child Behavior Checklist-Teacher Report Form (CBCL-TRF) were used to measure problem behavior of children aged 6-11 with identified learning disorders. Groupings of parents by active Christian and other (in-active Christian or non-Christian) life identity were studied. The central hypothesis was that children with identified learning disorders whose parents have an active Christian identity will have lower levels of social-emotional and behavioral problems than learning disordered …

An Evaluation Of The Effects Of A Laboratory Learning Program On The Interpersonal Behavior Of Participants, Brett A. Bennink

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The effects of the Oregon Leadership Development Program on the assertive and aggressive behaviors of participants were measured by the scales of .the Interpersonal Behavior Survey (IBS). The program, administered by Oregon Leadership Institute (OLI), uses an experientially oriented laboratory format which includes training group (T-group) participation, brief lectures, and various interpersonal and group exercises. The program seeks to increase the interpersonal effectiveness of participants. No previous formal evaluation has been done on the OLI program and prior laboratory learning studies have not examined assertive and aggressive behaviors as outcome variables. Participants included adults who were employed by a variety …

Relationships Between Personality And Spiritual Gifts, Kenneth J. Stone

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Discovering one's spiritual gift has become the focus of many current books and seminars within the evangelical community. One popular method of uncovering one's spiritual gift is the use of questionnaires. However, existing validity research suggests that these spiritual gift inventories do not measure the number of unique gifts they claim. Variables that may be confounding these scales are discussed with personality identified as the most likely. To examine the relationship between spiritual gifts scales and personality factors, fifteen male and seventeen female adult members of a Baptist church were administered a demographic questionnaire, the Hocking (1975) Spiritual Gift Inventory, …

Demographic, Religious, And Retirement-Related Issues As Predictors Of Spiritual Well-Being Among Retired United States Army Chaplains, James H. Young

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

According to the literature, internal, subjective spiritual health may be measured objectively using the construct of spiritual well-being. This study sought to identify the variables which in linear combination would predict the spiritual well-being of retired United States Army chaplains.

The participants consisted of a sample of 105 retired United States Army chaplains. The final number of respondents was 71, or 68% of the population.

Spiritual Well-Being (SWB), the dependent variable, was the summed total of Religious Well-Being (RWB) and Existential Well-Being (EWB). Ten predictor variables measured demographic, religious, and retirement-related issues. The demographic issues were the number of years …

Demographic, Religious, And Retirement-Related Issues As Predictors Of Spiritual Well-Being Among Retired United States Army Chaplains, James H. Young

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

According to the literature, internal, subjective spiritual health may be measured objectively using the construct of spiritual well-being. This study sought to identify the variables which in linear combination would predict the spiritual well-being of retired United States Army chaplains. The participants consisted of a sample of 105 retired United States Army chaplains. The final number of respondents was 71, or 68% of the population. Spiritual Well-Being (SWB), the dependent variable, was the summed total of Religious Well-Being (RWB) and Existential Well-Being (EWB). Ten predictor variables measured demographic, religious, and retirement-related issues. The demographic issues were the number of years …

Maternal Employment, Marital Status, And Religiosity And The Social Adaptational Status Of First Grade Children In Selected Oregon Schools, Grace Peng-Mi Chew

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study attempted to examine whether certain maternal variables (i.e., maternal employment, marital status, and religiosity) could be used to accurately predict first-graders' social adaptational status (SAS), as measured by the Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation Scale (TOCA).

One-hundred-and-fifty volunteering mothers (or mother surrogates) and their first-grade child(ren) participated in this study. Familial and individual data were obtained through a structured mother interview. The participating children's teachers rated the children's SAS on the TOCA during the 9th and 15th weeks of the academic school year. Five Christian-oriented private schools and two public schools participated in this study.

The Effectiveness Of Cognitive-Behavioral Anger Management Group In Reducing Measured Attitudes Of Aggression, Nathaniel B. Thomas

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study was designed to analyze the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral anger management class available to both voluntary and probation-mandated clients from the general public. Clients enrolled in the existing 8 week program were asked to complete the Interpersonal Behavior Survey (IBS) on a pre/post treatment basis (N=36). The program curriculum is similar to Novaco's (1975) anger treatment in which clients prepare themselves for potential anger provocation by developing personal competence. A comparison group (N=41) was developed with a pre/post administration of the IBS at an eight week interval. Analysis of covariance and analysis of treatment effects were used to …

The Effectiveness Of Cognitive-Behavioral Anger Management Group In Reducing Measured Attitudes Of Aggression, Nathaniel B. Thomas

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study was designed to analyze the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral anger management class available to both voluntary and probation-mandated clients from the general public. Clients enrolled in the existing 8 week program were asked to complete the Interpersonal Behavior Survey (IBS) on a pre/post treatment basis (N=36). The program curriculum is similar to Novaco's (1975) anger treatment in which clients prepare themselves for potential anger provocation by developing personal competence. A comparison group (N=41) was developed with a pre/post administration of the IBS at an eight week interval. Analysis of covariance and analysis of treatment effects were used to …

The Effect Of Psychotherapy On Spiritual Well-Being And Depression In Outpatient Adults, Thomas Wilson Renfroe Jr.

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

In recent years the efficacy of psychotherapy has undergone scrutiny; research has sought to find the client, therapist, and therapy factors that induce positive outcomes in therapy. Religious variables, however, have not been extensively investigated. Religious values, as well as psychiatric symptoms, are altered by participation in psychotherapy. Therefore, a study to assess whether psychotherapy alters psychiatric symptoms and religious variables was needed. This investigation examined depression, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and a general measure of spiritual health, as represented by the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB) . Data was collected at the beginning of treatment and …

Reliability And Construct Validity Of An Adjective Rating Scale Of Concept Of God, James D. Fischer

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The reliability and construct validity of Gorsuch's (1968) adjective rating scale of Concept of God (COG) was investigated. Two separate samples of 72 and 197 participants were utilized to complete four statistical analyses: (a) test-retest reliability was computed on a sample of 120 participants; (b) measures of internal consistency were computed providing coefficient alpha's for each scale of the COG; (c) the COG was correlated with the Spiritual Well-Being scale, the Spiritual Maturity Index, the Religious Orientation Scale, and the Spiritual Distress Scale; (d) a confirmatory factor analysis was completed hypothesizing both a one- and four-factor model. The four-factor model …

Reliability And Construct Validity Of An Adjective Rating Scale Of Concept Of God, James D. Fischer

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The reliability and construct validity of Gorsuch's (1968) adjective rating scale of concept of God (COG) was investigated. Two separate samples of 72 and 197 participants were utilized to complete four statistical analyses: (a) test-retest reliability was computed on a sample of 120 participants; (b) measures of internal consistency were computed providing coefficient alpha's for each scale of the COG; (c) the COG was correlated with the Spiritual Well-Being scale, the Spiritual Maturity Index, the Religious Orientation Scale, and the Spiritual Distress Scale; (d) a confirmatory factor analysis was completed hypothesizing both a one- and four-factor model. The four-factor model …

Caregiver Characteristics, Situational Factors, Coping Style, And Personal Adjustment Of Hospice Nurses, William W. Davis

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The questions addressed in this study were:

1. Are there any significant relationships between selected personal and professional characteristics of the hospice nurse and his/her ability to cope with work stress?

2. Which personal characteristics of the hospice nurse are the best predictors of adequate adjustment to his/her work?

The sample studied consisted of 79 registered nurse hospice care providers in the state of Oregon.

The survey instrumentation included: a personal data form; the Daily Hassles Scale (DHS), and the Ways of Coping Scale (WOC) by Lazarus and Folkman; the Staff Burnout Scale for Health Professionals (SBS) by Jones; Olson's …

Assessing Mental Health Needs In Northern Haiti: A Multidimensional Approach, Jean Abede Alexandre

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study assessed mental health needs in Northern Haiti, with the socioeconomic and sociocultural factors which predispose to mental disorders. Following the Key Informants approach to needs assessment, two groups were chosen to participate in this study: 27 out of 60 physicians and 30 out of 70 clergymen (n = 57), completed a questionnaire which asked specific questions on certain mental disorders they have either observed or dealt with among the population. The participants were also asked to give the frequency with which those disorders occurred among the population, and to rate the importance of factors contributing to those mental …

Correlations Between Spiritual Well-Being, Self Esteem, And Social Desirability For Chinese Americans In The Northwest., Elsa Wong

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The Chinese in America must deal with two cultures. Their original culture with its traditions and norms may clash with the larger Western culture in which they live. How this tension is resolved and manifested was examined in terms of a number of factors, including spiritual well-being, self esteem, and social desirability. It was hypothesized that for a Chinese church group in the Northwest, spiritual well-being and self esteem would be positively correlated with social desirability factored out of the relationship. Spiritual well-being was measured by the Spiritual Well-Being Scale which included a total Spiritual Well-Being score, the Existential Well-Being …

The Effect Of Deliberate Faking Good And Faking Bad On Spiritual Well-Being Scores In A Religiously Inactive Sample, Neal A. Boliou

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of faking good and taking bad on Spiritual Well-Being Scale scores in a religiously inactive sample. The study replicated a previous work investigating the effects of faking good and faking bad on SWB scores in a Christian sample. It is a true experiment with three levels of the independent variable: Fake Good, Honest, and Fake Sad instructions. The sample consisted of 151 members of two Oregon Air National Guard units stationed at Portland, Oregon. A demographic questionnaire was given along with the SWB scale. An analysis of variance was performed …

An Evaluation Of The Spiritual Well-Being Scale: Reliability And Response Measurement, Daniel Dale Brinkman

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB) is a 20 item self-report attitudinal measure of one's religious and existential well-being. It is the most extensively studied of the instruments developed to measure spiritual well-being (Moberg, 1986). Despite the popularity of this scale, it is still in the process of research and development. This study evaluated research done with the SWB scale considering the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (1985). While there has been much progress, two needs that became clear from this examination were for additional studies in the area of reliability and to try to "raise the ceiling" of the …

Evaluation Of Group-Home Treatment For Troubled Adolescents, Roger A. Larson

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

A literature review in child residential treatment and juvenile corrections snows group homes have increased as less restrictive methods for treating delinquents are sought. Controversy exists over whether the increased use of community-based group-home treatment has actually resulted in less restrictive treatment. Some data indicates that children themselves do not view out-of-home residential treatment environments as supportive places in which to live. Rapid staff turnover has been identified as a problem in group-home care. Treatment evaluation studies can be viewed as falling into four types: descriptive studies, outcome studies, process evaluators, and systems analysis. The outcome studies conducted to date …

The Effect Of Deliberate Faking Good And Faking Bad On Spiritual Well-Being Scale Scores In A Church Sample, Alice V. Moody

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study investigated the effect of faking (good and bad) on Spiritual Well-being (SWB) Scale scores. It is a true experiment with three levels of the independent variable: fake good, honest responding, and fake bad instructions. The sample consisted of 172 adults from a community church Sunday School class and a group for those overcoming some addiction and/or abuse. A demographic questionnaire was given along with the SWB Scale. An analysis of variance was run for each of the dependent measures: SWB and its two subscales, Religious Well-being (RWB) and Existential Well·being (EWB) . ANOVA and Scheffe post hoc test …

Predictors Of Self-Esteem And Spiritual Well-Being Among Sexually Abused Women, Kathryn D. Rodriguez

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The purpose of the study was to a) formulate an equation for predicting self-esteem and spiritual wellbeing among women molested as children and b) analyze the role of beginning age of abuse, ending age of abuse, relationship between offender and victim, family authority structure, and religious orientation of the home in predicting self-esteem and spiritual well-being in contributing to these equations. The sample consisted of 50 adult women between the ages of 18 and 60 who were involved in outpatient treatment for childhood sexual abuse in one of six outpatient treatment facilities in the Northwestern United States. Stepwise multiple regression …

The Effect Of Religious Orientation, History Of Sexual Trauma, And Typology On Spiritual Well-Being And Interpersonal Behavior Among Adult Male Child Molesters, Anthony J. Papania

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The study measured the effect of religious orientation, typology, and history of sexual trauma on assertiveness, aggressiveness, and spiritual well being for child molesters. The sample consisted of SS child molesters from outpatient and inpatient programs in Oregon. The subjects ranged in age from 19 to 72. The subjects completed the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Interpersonal Behavior survey, and an Information survey. The scores on the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the General Aggressiveness Rational scale and General Assertiveness Rational scale of the Interpersonal Behavior survey were the dependent variables. A 3-Way ANOVA via regression approach with a 2x2x2 design was conducted …

The Relationship Between Father's Parenting Style, Concept Of God, And Spiritual Well-Being In Christian College-Aged Women, Teresa L. Dean

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The purpose of this study is to examine whether an Authoritative parenting style by a woman's father has an effect on her Concept of God and Spiritual Well-being. The Children's Report of Parent's Behavior Inventory (CRPBI), two Concept of God scales, and the Spiritual Well-being scale were given to a randomly chosen sample of 200 women from Messiah College. A total of 127 women responded to the questionnaire.

It was hypothesized that there would be significant relationships between the three scores derived from the CRPBI (Acceptance vs. Rejection, Psychological Autonomy vs. Psychological Control, and Firm Discipline vs. Lax Discipline) and …

The Effects Of Acculturation And Age On Spiritual Well-Being Among Ethnic Chinese Church-Goers, Stephen T.C. Jang

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This research investigated the effects of acculturation and age on Spiritual Well-Being among ethnic Chinese church-goers. Subjects consisted of 169 ethnic Chinese church-goers and English readers ages 18 - 55 from four Chinese churches in the Northwest United States. The response rate was 93.9% of the 180 initially selected subjects.

The subjects completed a survey questionnaire that included demographic information, background information, and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB). The SWB consisted of two subscales: the Religious Well-Being (RWB) Scale and the Existential Well-Being (EWB) Scale.

born had significantly greater (_E.<.05) EWB than subjects who had lived in the U.S. 5 years or less. Age was significantly related to SWB and EWB; and subjects 26 years old or above had significantly higher SWB and EWB scores than subjects 18 - 25 years old.

Religious commitment, and importance of religion were related to greater …

A Correlation Study Of Self Concept And Spirituality In Seminarians, Judith C. Colwell

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study investigated the relationship between self concept and spirituality among 55 adult male Master of Divinity students, all of what attended Western Conservative Baptist Seminary in Portland, Oregon. It is one part of a larger research project which addressed the issue of psychological adjustment in seminarians (1'tleller, 1986; Neder, 1985; Powers, 1985). The sample was given a demographic questionnaire, a self concept scale, and three operational measures of spirituality. These were the Tennessee Self Concept scale (TSCS), the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB), the Spiritual Maturity Index (SMI), and the Religious Orientation scale (ROS) • The analysis of the data …

A Comparison Of Interpersonal Behavior Traits And Spiritual Well-Being Among Eating-Disordered Patients And Medical Outpatients, Deborah B. Sherman

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

A diagnosed eating disorder sample was compared with a sample of medical outpatients on interpersonal behavior traits and spiritual well-being. Instruments used included the Interpersonal Behavior Survey and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. A demographic questionnaire was also administered to explore the relationship between demographic variables and the measures of interpersonal behavior traits and spiritual well-being. The sample included all Caucasian female subjects between ages 17-60, representing a range of financial conditions, educational levels, and marital status. Data analysis using an ANOVA with Scheffe post-hoc test demonstrated that the eating disorder inpatient group differed significantly from the medical outpatients in assertiveness, …

An Empirical Examination Of The Construct Validity Of The Spiritual Maturity Index, Rodney L. Cooper

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

In order to do empirical research on religious constructs, various testing instruments have been developed. Yet, many of the instruments developed have not been empirically tested for construct validity to see if they are actually fulfilling their stated purpose. One such instrument which has been developed is the Spiritual Maturity Index. It was the purpose of this study to do an empirical examination of the construct validity of this instrument. Pastors and seminary students from the Conservative Baptist denomination participated in a study to assess the capability of the Spiritual Maturity Index (SMI) in distinguishing levels of spiritual maturity. Also, …

The Mascot Model Of Human/Companion Animal Interaction: Its Effects On Levels Of Loneliness And Depression Among Residents Of A Nursing Home, Mark E. Reed

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Pet-facilitated therapy has been hailed in recent years as an effective means of bringing about psychosocial benefits for elderly people in institutions. However, empirical investigations are relatively recent and more are needed.

The primary objectives of this dissertation were: 1) to conduct an empirically sound study of the mascot model of pet therapy, focusing specifically on its impact on levels of loneliness and depression among nursing home residents, 2) to identify the relationship between existential well-being and loneliness and depression, and 3) to address the use of pets to meet the social/emotional needs of humans from a framework of biblical …

The Mascot Model Of Human/Companion Animal Interaction: Its Effects On Levels Of Loneliness And Depression Among Residents Of A Nursing Home, Mark E. Reed

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Pet-facilitated therapy has been hailed in recent years as an effective means of bringing about psychosocial benefits for elderly people in institutions. However, empirical investigations are relatively recent and more are needed. The primary objectives of this dissertation were: .1) to conduct an empirically sound study of the mascot model of pet therapy, focusing specifically on its impact on levels of loneliness and depression among nursing home residents, 2) to identify the relationship between existential well-being and loneliness and depression, and 3) to address the use of pets to meet the social/emotional needs of humans from a framework of biblical …

Generalized Expectancy And Athletic Performance, Terry Lee Paddon

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Rotter's (1966} locus of control concept has been used to validate the belief that "athletics builds character." Internality is defined as the belief that reinforcement follows or is contingent upon one's own behavior. Externality is the belief that reinforcement is controlled by forces outside oneself, and independent of one's own actions. Previous authors have suggested that athletic participation fosters the development of an internal locus of control. Results have been inconclusive. The goal of this study was to investigate the range of scores on the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale among female professional golfers. It was hypothesized that locus of …