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Understanding Factors That Influence Black Caregivers' Ongoing Engagement In Behavioral Parent Training Programs, Jennifer L. Tomlin Apr 2024

Understanding Factors That Influence Black Caregivers' Ongoing Engagement In Behavioral Parent Training Programs, Jennifer L. Tomlin

Dissertations (1934 -)

Despite the efficacy of behavioral parent training programs (BPTs) in reducing young children’s challenging behaviors, ongoing caregiver engagement in these skill- based programs is poor, particularly in low-income Black populations. The existing literature relied heavily on associating client demographic variables with treatment attendance and focused almost exclusively on BPTs with older children. Contemporary conceptualizations of engagement view it as a multidimensional construct comprised of cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral components, and prior research has called for continued investigation into the caregiver-therapist alliance and cultural relevance of these treatment programs when looking at ways to increase Black caregiver engagement. The purpose of …


Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics Specialty Clinic Outcomes, Brandon Xavier Pitts Apr 2024

Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics Specialty Clinic Outcomes, Brandon Xavier Pitts

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Tics are abrupt, repetitive, and non-rhythmic movements (motor tics) and vocalizations (vocal tics). Persistent (Chronic) Tic Disorders (PTDs), which include conditions such as Tourette Disorder (TD), are characterized by involuntary motor and vocal tics. PTDs are associated with a myriad of adverse social repercussions, reduced quality of life, and concurrent psychiatric diagnoses, and occur in approximately 1.1% to 4.8% of the global population. Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) stands as the primary nonpharmacological therapeutic approach for tics. Although the efficacy of CBIT has been established in multiple large-scale randomized control trials (RCTs), there is a paucity of research scrutinizing …


Explaining Heterogeneity: Identifying Subgroups Of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Laura Mcguigan Apr 2024

Explaining Heterogeneity: Identifying Subgroups Of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Laura Mcguigan

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. Individuals with ADHD present with varied patterns of neurocognitive impairment, psychological comorbidities, and functional challenges. The current characterization of ADHD into three subgroups (primarily inattentive, primarily hyperactive/impulsive, combined inattentive-hyperactive/impulsive presentation) does not fully explain the heterogeneity of challenges experienced by this population. In this study, 259 adult patients [Mage= 25.94; SD=7.83; 78% Caucasian; 54% male] referred for an ADHD evaluation were investigated, and latent profile analysis was conducted. Self-reported ADHD symptoms, psychological functioning, and neuropsychological functioning were considered to identify subgroups. Results revealed four distinct classes: …


Bridging The Need-To-Access Gap: Examining Parents Who Perceive A Need For Their Youth To Receive Mental Health Services, Alexandra Bowling Apr 2024

Bridging The Need-To-Access Gap: Examining Parents Who Perceive A Need For Their Youth To Receive Mental Health Services, Alexandra Bowling

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Parents often act as gatekeepers to their children and adolescents receiving mental health services. Youth help-seeking models propose that three parent-focused factors (perceptions of their youth’s illness profile, predisposing characteristics, and enabling resources) impact each stage of the help-seeking process: problem recognition (i.e., perceived needers), decision to seek help (i.e., treatment intenders), and service selection and utilization (i.e., treatment utilizers). Research is needed that examines how the above factors relate to parents getting “stuck” in the help-seeking process (i.e., do not become treatment utilizers). The current study investigated whether predisposing characteristics (i.e., family and demographic characteristics, mental health attitudes and …


More Than “Just A Friend”: Exploring The Therapeutic Needs Of Adult Survivors Of A Suicide Loss Of A Friend, Kat R. Mcconnell Oct 2023

More Than “Just A Friend”: Exploring The Therapeutic Needs Of Adult Survivors Of A Suicide Loss Of A Friend, Kat R. Mcconnell

Dissertations (1934 -)

Individuals who are bereaved by the suicide loss of a loved one (also known as “suicide survivors”) face high rates of complicated grief, mental illness, social isolation, experiences of stigma, and suicide attempts. While suicide loss therapy (or “postvention”) attracts many individuals grieving familial suicides, those impacted by the suicide loss of a close friend are underrepresented in both individual and group therapies, despite indications that friend suicide survivors are impacted at an equivalent level and frequency to family members. Using a constructivist grounded theory method, this study aimed to investigate the lived experiences and therapeutic needs of 8 adults …


Exemplar Trans-Affirmative Therapists: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, Shannon Skaistis Oct 2023

Exemplar Trans-Affirmative Therapists: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, Shannon Skaistis

Dissertations (1934 -)

The consensus approach for psychotherapy with transgender and nonbinary clients (TNB) has come to be known as trans-affirmative psychotherapy (TAP). TAP is influenced by a collection of guidelines and models (American Counseling Association [ACA], 2010; APA, 2015; Chang et al., 2017; Singh & dickey, 2017) and a small number of empirical studies related to psychotherapy with transgender clients (e.g., Elder, 2016; McCullough et al., 2017, Mizock & Lundquist, 2016, Morris et al., 2020). However, the limited empirical research and guidelines provide minimal direction to clinicians working in-session with TNB clients. This study sought to investigate the perceptions of exemplar clinicians’ …


Internalizing Symptoms In Autistic Young Adults: Comparing The Cognitive And Physiological Components Of Emotion Regulation, Sarah Lehman Oct 2023

Internalizing Symptoms In Autistic Young Adults: Comparing The Cognitive And Physiological Components Of Emotion Regulation, Sarah Lehman

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Autistic people experience co-occurring mental illness at a substantially greater rate compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Of these comorbid psychopathologies, internalizing disorders (anxiety and depression) are among the most prevalent. Emotion dysregulation has been identified as a contributing factor to this phenomenon and potential treatment target. The current study employed cognitive (e.g., use of suppression and use of cognitive reappraisal) and physiological (e.g., respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart period) measures to more holistically capture the multifaceted construct of emotion regulation compared to prior research. In a sample of autistic young adults (N = 63) ages 17-29 (M = 20.14), …


Efficacy Of, And Preference For, A Modification To Differential Reinforcement Procedures, Carissa Basile Jul 2023

Efficacy Of, And Preference For, A Modification To Differential Reinforcement Procedures, Carissa Basile

Dissertations (1934 -)

Tic disorders, such as Tourette’s Syndrome, are chronic, childhood-onset neurological conditions that involve sudden, repetitive, and involuntary motor movements and/or vocalizations. Individuals with tics often experience a premonitory urge, which is an aversive sensation that occurs right before a tic that may functionally influence tics. Previous research has suggested reinforced tic suppression can effectively reduce tics. Although effective, it may be useful to better understand the behavioral contingencies that most effectively lead to suppression. The purpose of the current study was to compare standard reinforced tic suppression with reinforced tic suppression that included an option for participant-initiated breaks using an …


Police Harassment And Latinx Mental Health: The Moderating Role Of Family Support And Nativity, Veronica Lauren Heredia Apr 2023

Police Harassment And Latinx Mental Health: The Moderating Role Of Family Support And Nativity, Veronica Lauren Heredia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Relative to their population size, communities of color experience disproportionate occurrences of harassment (Wilson et. al., 2020). Reports on police killings from 2013 to 2018 display that Black individuals constituted 27.5% of those killed, despite making up only 13% of the population (Siegel, 2020). The U.S. Latinx population is similarly impacted, given reports that they also experience police targeting (Edwards et. al., 2019; Gaston et. al., 2021; Harris et. al., 2020; Zimmerman et. al., 2021). Empirical evidence has shown a positive association between police harassment exposure and depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms in Latinx populations (Chin et. al., 2020; Del …


Interpersonal Connection: Examining Synchrony In Emotions And Physiology In Friends During Interactions, Joia Lynette Wesley Apr 2023

Interpersonal Connection: Examining Synchrony In Emotions And Physiology In Friends During Interactions, Joia Lynette Wesley

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Interpersonal synchrony is the alignment of emotions, behaviors, and physiology and is associated with prosocial behaviors and subjective connectedness. Few studies have examined synchrony in friend dyads. The present study compared emotional and physiological synchrony during emotional and neutral interactions, explored how social role may influence empathy, and tested if friendship characteristics predicted synchrony. Participants were 56 friend dyads recruited from a predominantly White, Midwestern university. The study included two sessions. In the first session, participants completed prequestionnaires and each participant identified three emotionally salient situations that they had not shared with their friend. The second session was an interaction …


Cultural Values, Gender Roles, Hispanic, Latine, Latinx, Sexism, Erick Herrera Hernandez Apr 2023

Cultural Values, Gender Roles, Hispanic, Latine, Latinx, Sexism, Erick Herrera Hernandez

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Latine cultural values may present elements of hostile and benevolent sexism that overlap with patriarchal gender expectations that maintain gender norms. Despite extensive research linking hostile and benevolent sexism with negative outcomes, few studies have focused on Latine samples. Understanding how Latines perceive sexist behavior is an important step towards addressing the negative effects of sexism in Latine communities. This study examined the relationship between Latine cultural values and perceptions of hostile and benevolent sexist behavior. Participants were presented with fourteen scenarios reflecting hostile and benevolent sexist behavior and were asked to rate these scenarios on a variety of traits, …


Describing Parents' Beliefs About The Causes Of Mental Health Problems In Youth: Implications For Service Utilization, Madeline Buchanan Apr 2023

Describing Parents' Beliefs About The Causes Of Mental Health Problems In Youth: Implications For Service Utilization, Madeline Buchanan

Dissertations (1934 -)

Parents have an important role in accessing mental health services for youth. Understanding what factors might enhance or impede this process is critical to engaging more children and adolescents in treatment. Evidence suggests parents’ beliefs about the causes of youth mental health problems likely influence mental health service utilization, though existing research is limited. The current study examined parents’ causal beliefs about youth mental health problems and their impact on factors related to help-seeking and service utilization. A diverse group of parents (N = 417; 36.9% non-Hispanic White; 33.3% Black/African American; 29.7% Hispanic/Latino) completed a series of questionnaires via an …


A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Pilot Trial Of Online-Delivered Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics-Enhanced, Jordan Stiede Apr 2023

A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Pilot Trial Of Online-Delivered Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention For Tics-Enhanced, Jordan Stiede

Dissertations (1934 -)

Although studies demonstrate that comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) is more effective than nonspecific supportive therapy in reducing tics and related impairment, there is room for improvement, as up to 47% of treatment seeking youth do not show adequate response to treatment. Accordingly, the current randomized, waitlist-controlled pilot trial examined the preliminary efficacy, acceptability, and durability of online-delivered CBIT-Enhanced (CBIT-E), which included the standard CBIT protocol, plus specific and targeted instrumental conditioning procedures focused on directly reinforcing the use of inhibitory competing responses. The present study also explored differences in tic severity outcomes between CBIT-E participants and waitlist control …


Machine Learning Prediction Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Trajectories Following Traumatic Injury: Identification And Validation In Two Independent Samples, Carissa W. Tomas, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Carisa Bergner, Cecilia J. Hillard, Christine L. Larson, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini Dec 2022

Machine Learning Prediction Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Trajectories Following Traumatic Injury: Identification And Validation In Two Independent Samples, Carissa W. Tomas, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Carisa Bergner, Cecilia J. Hillard, Christine L. Larson, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Due to its heterogeneity, the prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development after traumatic injury is difficult. Recent machine learning approaches have yielded insight into predicting PTSD symptom trajectories. Using data collected within 1 month of traumatic injury, we applied eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) to classify admitted and discharged patients (hospitalized, n = 192; nonhospitalized, n = 214), recruited from a Level 1 trauma center, according to PTSD symptom trajectories. Trajectories were identified using latent class mixed models on PCL-5 scores collected at baseline, 1–3 months posttrauma, and 6 months posttrauma. In both samples, nonremitting, remitting, and resilient PTSD symptom …


A Comparison Of Methods To Harmonize Cortical Thickness Measurements Across Scanners And Sites, Delin Sun, Gopalkumar Rakesh, Courtney C. Haswell, Mark Logue, C. Lexi Baird, Erin N. O'Learly, Andrew S. Cotton, Hong Xie, Marijo Tamburrino, Tian Chen, Emily L. Dennis, Neda Jahanshad, Lauren Salminen, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Faisal Rashid, Christopher R.K. Ching, Saskia B.J. Koch, Jessie L. Frijling, Laura Nawijn, Mirjam Van Zuiden, Xi Zhu, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Anika Sierk, Henrik Walter, Antje Manthey, Jennifer S. Stevens, Negar Fani, Sanne J.H. Van Rooij, Murray Stein, Jessica A. Bomyea, Inga K. Koerte, Kyle Choi, Steven J.A. Van Der Werff, Robert R.J.M. Vermeiren, Julia Herzog, Lauren A. M. Lebois, Justin T. Baker, Elizabeth A. Olson, Thomas Straube, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar, Elpiniki Andrew, Ye Zhu, Gen Li, Jonathan Ipser, Anna R. Hudson, Matthew Peverill, Kelly Sambrook, Evan Gordon, Lee A. Baugh, Gina L. Forster, Raluca M. Simons, Jeffrey S. Simons, Vincent A. Magnotta, Adi Maron-Katz, Stefan Du Plessis, Seth Disner, Nicholas Davenport, Daniel W. Grupe, Jack B. Nitschke, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, John H. Krystal, Ifat Levy, Miranda Olff, Dick J. Veltman, Li Wang, Yuval Neria, Michael D. De Bellis, Tanja Jovanovic, Judith K. Daniels, Martha E. Shenton, Nic J.A. Van De Wee, Christian Schmahl, Milissa L. Kaufman, Isabelle M. Rosso, Scott R. Sponheim, David Hofmann, Richard A. Bryant, Kelene A. Fercho, Dan J. Stein, Sven C. Mueller, Bobak Hosseini, K. Luan Phan, Katie A. Mclaughlin, Richard J. Davidson, Christine L. Larson, Geoffrey May, Steven M. Nelson, Chadi G. Abdallah, Hassaan Gomaa, Amit Etkin, Soraya Seedat, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, Israel Liberzon, Theo G.M. Van Erp, Yann Quidé, Xin Wang, Paul M. Thompson, Rajendra A. Morey Nov 2022

A Comparison Of Methods To Harmonize Cortical Thickness Measurements Across Scanners And Sites, Delin Sun, Gopalkumar Rakesh, Courtney C. Haswell, Mark Logue, C. Lexi Baird, Erin N. O'Learly, Andrew S. Cotton, Hong Xie, Marijo Tamburrino, Tian Chen, Emily L. Dennis, Neda Jahanshad, Lauren Salminen, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Faisal Rashid, Christopher R.K. Ching, Saskia B.J. Koch, Jessie L. Frijling, Laura Nawijn, Mirjam Van Zuiden, Xi Zhu, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Anika Sierk, Henrik Walter, Antje Manthey, Jennifer S. Stevens, Negar Fani, Sanne J.H. Van Rooij, Murray Stein, Jessica A. Bomyea, Inga K. Koerte, Kyle Choi, Steven J.A. Van Der Werff, Robert R.J.M. Vermeiren, Julia Herzog, Lauren A. M. Lebois, Justin T. Baker, Elizabeth A. Olson, Thomas Straube, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar, Elpiniki Andrew, Ye Zhu, Gen Li, Jonathan Ipser, Anna R. Hudson, Matthew Peverill, Kelly Sambrook, Evan Gordon, Lee A. Baugh, Gina L. Forster, Raluca M. Simons, Jeffrey S. Simons, Vincent A. Magnotta, Adi Maron-Katz, Stefan Du Plessis, Seth Disner, Nicholas Davenport, Daniel W. Grupe, Jack B. Nitschke, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, John H. Krystal, Ifat Levy, Miranda Olff, Dick J. Veltman, Li Wang, Yuval Neria, Michael D. De Bellis, Tanja Jovanovic, Judith K. Daniels, Martha E. Shenton, Nic J.A. Van De Wee, Christian Schmahl, Milissa L. Kaufman, Isabelle M. Rosso, Scott R. Sponheim, David Hofmann, Richard A. Bryant, Kelene A. Fercho, Dan J. Stein, Sven C. Mueller, Bobak Hosseini, K. Luan Phan, Katie A. Mclaughlin, Richard J. Davidson, Christine L. Larson, Geoffrey May, Steven M. Nelson, Chadi G. Abdallah, Hassaan Gomaa, Amit Etkin, Soraya Seedat, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, Israel Liberzon, Theo G.M. Van Erp, Yann Quidé, Xin Wang, Paul M. Thompson, Rajendra A. Morey

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Results of neuroimaging datasets aggregated from multiple sites may be biased by site-specific profiles in participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as MRI acquisition protocols and scanning platforms. We compared the impact of four different harmonization methods on results obtained from analyses of cortical thickness data: (1) linear mixed-effects model (LME) that models site-specific random intercepts (LMEINT), (2) LME that models both site-specific random intercepts and age-related random slopes (LMEINT+SLP), (3) ComBat, and (4) ComBat with a generalized additive model (ComBat-GAM). Our test case for comparing harmonization methods was cortical thickness data aggregated from 29 sites, which included 1,340 …


Comparing The Effects Of Immediate Vs. Delayed Differential Reinforcement Of Zero Rate Behavior Schedules On Tic Suppression, Kristine T. Vo Oct 2022

Comparing The Effects Of Immediate Vs. Delayed Differential Reinforcement Of Zero Rate Behavior Schedules On Tic Suppression, Kristine T. Vo

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Persistent Tic Disorder and Tourette Disorder are neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by motor and or/ vocal tics. Treatment surrounding tics involve pharmaceutical or behavior therapy. Individuals seeking behavior therapy receive habit reversal training (HRT) or comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT). Much research demonstrates the efficacy of HRT and CBIT, however, as these treatments often teach effective tic suppression skills, it may be useful to better understand the behavioral contingencies that most effectively lead to suppression. This research aims to compare different schedules of reinforcement on tic suppression. Two individuals diagnosed with Tourette’s Disorder, ages 9-14, participated in this study. A …


Impact Of Childhood Trauma On Skin Conductance Response To Fear, Safety, And Reward, Tristan Alana Gregg Oct 2022

Impact Of Childhood Trauma On Skin Conductance Response To Fear, Safety, And Reward, Tristan Alana Gregg

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Trauma is associated with neurological and physiological differences that can persist years after trauma exposure. Physiologically, trauma has been associated with altered responses to cues in the environment, most commonly threatening stimuli. For instance, in participants who experience trauma during adulthood, such individuals exhibit heightened physiological arousal. Conversely, other studies have found that childhood trauma may be associated with blunted physiological arousal. Most of this research has involved threatening cues, but previous research suggests that trauma is also associated with aberrant physiological arousal responses to positive or rewarding cues. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) are a commonly utilized measure of physiological …


Evaluating Interest In Clinical Trial Participation For The Treatment Of Pediatric Food Allergy, Perry Allen Catlin Oct 2022

Evaluating Interest In Clinical Trial Participation For The Treatment Of Pediatric Food Allergy, Perry Allen Catlin

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Food allergy (FA) is a chronic medical condition that affects one out of every 13 children in the United States. Researchers have recently begun utilizing double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials to test novel biological treatments designed to retrain the immune system to be less reactive to food allergens. Although these treatments remain in the clinical trial stage, evidence suggests that individuals differentially engage with these options based on a variety of factors. Using a socioecological framework, this study sought to evaluate the effect of child, parent, and family-level factors on parental interest in clinical trial participation for the treatment of pediatric …


Nondisclosure Of Supervisee Disagreement To Supervisor Feedback: A Qualitative Study, Elizabeth A. Tinsley Oct 2022

Nondisclosure Of Supervisee Disagreement To Supervisor Feedback: A Qualitative Study, Elizabeth A. Tinsley

Dissertations (1934 -)

Feedback has been described by researchers and supervisors as an important tool of clinical supervision contributing to supervisees’ development (Hein et al., 2011; Jaworski & Kohli, 1991; Nelson et al., 2008; O’Donovan et al., 2011; Sapyta et al., 2005; Worthington, 2006). Because feedback often comes from one perspective, generally the supervisor’s, it seems reasonable to expect supervisors and supervisees may see feedback differently. This difference in perspectives may foster disagreement between the supervisor and supervisee. Not everyone is comfortable discussing disagreement, nor even conflict, which can lead to larger difficulties in supervision. The act of censoring information provided to supervisors …


Remodeling Of The Cortical Structure Connectome In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From The Enigma-Pgc Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald Sep 2022

Remodeling Of The Cortical Structure Connectome In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From The Enigma-Pgc Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is accompanied by disrupted cortical neuroanatomy. We investigated alteration in covariance of structural networks associated with PTSD in regions that demonstrate the case-control differences in cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA).

Methods

Neuroimaging and clinical data were aggregated from 29 research sites in >1300 PTSD cases and >2000 trauma-exposed control subjects (ages 6.2-85.2 years) by the ENIGMA-PGC (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis-Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) PTSD working group. Cortical regions in the network were rank ordered by the effect size of PTSD-related cortical differences in CT and SA. The top-n (n …


Critical Care Nurse Burnout, Moral Distress, And Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A United States Survey, Jill L. Guttormson, Kelly Calkins, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Holly Lynn Losurdo, Danielle Loonsfoot Sep 2022

Critical Care Nurse Burnout, Moral Distress, And Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A United States Survey, Jill L. Guttormson, Kelly Calkins, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Holly Lynn Losurdo, Danielle Loonsfoot

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has and will continue to have a tremendous influence on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses’ mental health.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of COVID-19 on nurse moral distress, burnout, and mental health.

Methods

Between October 2020 and January 2021 this descriptive study recruited a national sample of nurses who worked in the ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic through American Association of Critical Care Nurses newsletters and social media.

Results

A total of 488 survey responses were received from critical care nurses working in the U.S. during the COVID pandemic. Over …


Strengthening The Procedural Fidelity Research-To-Practice Loop In Animal Behavior, Tiffany Kodak, Samantha Bergmann, Mindy Waite Sep 2022

Strengthening The Procedural Fidelity Research-To-Practice Loop In Animal Behavior, Tiffany Kodak, Samantha Bergmann, Mindy Waite

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Procedural fidelity is the extent to which components of an intervention are implemented as designed. Procedural fidelity is measured as a dependent variable and manipulated as an independent variable. In research and practice, procedural-fidelity data should be collected, monitored, and reported. Procedural fidelity as an independent variable has been investigated in humans using parametric analyses, and the current article summarizes some of the research conducted on the effects of procedural-fidelity errors in behavior-reduction and skill-acquisition interventions. Connections were drawn to applied animal researchers and the work of animal behavior practitioners to produce implications for practice with human and animal clients …


Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage And The Neurobiology Of Uncertainty In Traumatically Injured Adults, Carissa W. Tomas, E. Kate Webb, Kenneth P. Bennett, Ashley A. Huggins, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Tara A. Miskovich, Jessica L. Krukowski, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Christine L. Larson Jul 2022

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage And The Neurobiology Of Uncertainty In Traumatically Injured Adults, Carissa W. Tomas, E. Kate Webb, Kenneth P. Bennett, Ashley A. Huggins, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Tara A. Miskovich, Jessica L. Krukowski, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Christine L. Larson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Individuals residing in more socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods experience greater uncertainty through insecurity of basic needs such as food, employment, and housing, compared with more advantaged neighborhoods. Although the neurobiology of uncertainty has been less frequently examined in relation to neighborhood disadvantage, there is evidence that neighborhood disadvantage is associated with widespread neural alterations.

Methods

Recently traumatically injured participants (n = 90) completed a picture anticipation task in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner, in which they viewed images presented in a temporally predictable or unpredictable manner. We investigated how neighborhood disadvantage (via area deprivation index [ADI]) was related to …


The Utility Of Clinical And Blood-Based Biomarkers To Discriminate Between Typical And Prolonged Pediatric Mtbi Symptom Recovery, Morgan E. Nitta Jul 2022

The Utility Of Clinical And Blood-Based Biomarkers To Discriminate Between Typical And Prolonged Pediatric Mtbi Symptom Recovery, Morgan E. Nitta

Dissertations (1934 -)

Prolonged recovery following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is poorly understood, particularly in pediatric samples, despite significant work to understand prolonged postconcussive symptoms (PPS). Emerging evidence in adult mTBI literature suggests blood-based biomarkers have diagnostic and prognostic value, but there is limited research examining this in pediatric mTBI. Further, while adult research documents that combining physiological biomarkers, emotional distress and symptom reports more optimally differentiates between mTBI and healthy controls, it is unknown if this finding will replicate in pediatric samples. This project examined foundational relationships between clinical, cognitive, inflammatory markers, and kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites following mTBI in adolescents …


Long-Term Outcomes Of Behavior Therapy For Youth With Tourette Disorder, Flint M. Epsil, Douglas W. Woods, Matthew W. Specht, Shannon M. Bennett, John T. Walkup, Emily J. Ricketts, Joseph F. Mcguire, Jordan T. Stiede, Jennifer S. Schild, Susanna W. Chang, Alan L. Peterson, Lawrence Scahill, Sabine Wilhelm, John Piacentini Jun 2022

Long-Term Outcomes Of Behavior Therapy For Youth With Tourette Disorder, Flint M. Epsil, Douglas W. Woods, Matthew W. Specht, Shannon M. Bennett, John T. Walkup, Emily J. Ricketts, Joseph F. Mcguire, Jordan T. Stiede, Jennifer S. Schild, Susanna W. Chang, Alan L. Peterson, Lawrence Scahill, Sabine Wilhelm, John Piacentini

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To determine the long-term durability of behavior therapy for tics among youth with Tourette disorder and persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorders.

Method

Of the 126 youth who participated in a randomized controlled trial of behavior therapy 11 years prior, 80 were recruited for this longitudinal follow-up. Consenting participants were interviewed in person or remotely (Web-based video) by trained evaluators to determine the course of tics, current tic severity, and tic-related impairment. Recruitment and data collection occurred between 2014 and 2019, with an average follow-up duration of 11.2 years.

Results

Treatment responders to both conditions in the original …


Comparing Matrix-Training Procedures With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Samantha Bergmann, Gabriella Van Den Elzen, Tiffany Kodak, Haven Niland, Desiree Dawson Jun 2022

Comparing Matrix-Training Procedures With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Samantha Bergmann, Gabriella Van Den Elzen, Tiffany Kodak, Haven Niland, Desiree Dawson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Recombinative generalization is the production of responses in the presence of novel combinations of known components. For example, after learning “red triangle” and “blue square,” recombinative generalization is observed when a child can tact “red square” and “blue triangle.” Recombinative generalization can emerge from a history of matrix training, which involves carefully selecting and arranging stimuli and responses along at least two axes and training a subset of responses. With three children with autism spectrum disorder, we compared recombinative generalization of object–action or feature–object tacts when the component stimuli were trained before combination stimuli, trained along with combination stimuli, or …


Subjective Well-Being And Bilateral Anterior Insula Functional Connectivity After Exercise Intervention In Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Junyeon Won, Kristy A. Nielson, J. Smith Carson May 2022

Subjective Well-Being And Bilateral Anterior Insula Functional Connectivity After Exercise Intervention In Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Junyeon Won, Kristy A. Nielson, J. Smith Carson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

While it is well known that exercise training is associated with improvement in subjective well-being among older adults, it is unclear if individuals with cognitive impairment experience the same effects elicited by exercise on subjective well-being. We further explored whether the bilateral anterior insula network may be an underlying neural mechanism for the exercise training-related improvements in subjective well-being. We investigated the effects of exercise training on subjective well-being in older adults (78.4 ± 7.1 years) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 14) and a cognitively normal (CN; n = 14) control group. We specifically assessed the relationship between …


Constellations Of Family Closeness And Adolescent Friendship Quality, Mengya Xia, Gregory M. Fosco, Bethany C. Bray, John H. Grych Apr 2022

Constellations Of Family Closeness And Adolescent Friendship Quality, Mengya Xia, Gregory M. Fosco, Bethany C. Bray, John H. Grych

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

This study aims to investigate the association between family relationship constellations and adolescent friendship quality in a more holistic way and disentangle gender differences on their associations.

Background

Family relationships are important for adolescent friendship, but little is known about how mother–adolescent and father–adolescent relationships work in the context of each other.

Method

Latent profile analysis was conducted in a sample of 326 ethnically diverse high schoolers (ages: 14–19 years; 60.4% female) to identify different combinations of mother– and father–adolescent closeness and their associations with friendships for adolescent boys and girls.

Results

Findings revealed five family relationship patterns: Cohesive …


Cultural Adaptation Profiles Among Mexican-Descent Latinxs: Acculturation, Acculturative Stress, And Depression., Mark W. Driscoll, Lucas Torres Apr 2022

Cultural Adaptation Profiles Among Mexican-Descent Latinxs: Acculturation, Acculturative Stress, And Depression., Mark W. Driscoll, Lucas Torres

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives: Person-centered analysis was used to examine profiles of acculturation and acculturative stress among Mexican-descent adults in relation to depression. It was hypothesized that identified profiles would support multiple acculturation styles, that acculturation profiles would differentially relate to acculturative stress dimensions, and that those profiles with greater Latinx acculturation and lower acculturative stress would report less severe depression. Method: Mexican-descent Latinx adults (n = 230) completed self-report measures of Latinx and Anglo acculturation, acculturative stress, and depression symptom severity. Latent profile analysis was used to derive acculturation–acculturative stress profiles. Results: Three distinct profiles emerged. One profile was notable for …


Pilot Trial Of A Technology Assisted Treatment For Trichotillomania, Jordan T. Stiede, Douglas W. Woods, Aneela K. Idnani, John Pritchard, Kirk Klobe, Sameer Kumar Apr 2022

Pilot Trial Of A Technology Assisted Treatment For Trichotillomania, Jordan T. Stiede, Douglas W. Woods, Aneela K. Idnani, John Pritchard, Kirk Klobe, Sameer Kumar

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

The present study examined the usability, acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a prototype wrist-worn motion detection device and accompanying mobile app, developed by HabitAware®, as a system for delivering self-administered Habit Reversal Training (HRT). As an exploratory aim, the effect of the device and HRT app combination was compared to a reminder bracelet. The pilot trial included 15 adults with trichotillomania who interacted with the device and app system (n = 10) or reminder bracelet (n = 5) for 4 weeks. Participants in the device and app condition reported high usability, acceptability, and perceived efficacy of the …