Digital Commons Network^™

Vascular Flora Of The Upper Rock Creek Watershed, Eastern Sierra Nevada, California, Joy D. England

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The upper Rock Creek watershed is located on the east slope of the Sierra Nevada in Inyo and Mono counties. It is ca. 36.5 square miles (94.5 square km) in area and varies in elevation from 7360 to 13,750 ft (2243 to 4191 m). Quaternary glacial erosion and deposition produced striking landscape features, including alpine fell fields and numerous small lakes. Previous floristic inventories in Rock Creek recorded a combined 396 minimum-rank taxa (species, subspecies, varieties, named hybrids) but were restricted to Little Lakes Valley and the surrounding high areas. An updated, annotated checklist of vascular plants is presented, based …

Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volume 36

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Index To Volume 36

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Ripeness Attributes Of Arkansas-Grown Peaches And Nectarines At Harvest And During Postharvest Storage, Mary C. Siebenmorgen, Renee T. Threlfall, Margaret Worthington

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Since peaches and nectarines are a valued fresh-market crop worldwide, evaluating postharvest potential helps determine feasibility for commercial markets. The ripeness attributes of 10 peach and nectarine genotypes were evaluated at harvest (day 0) and after 7 and 14 d storage at 4° C. The fruit was hand harvested at tree ripeness (ripened on the tree) and commercial ripeness (ripened during storage). The attributes of the tree-ripened fruit and commercially-ripened fruit varied at harvest and included chlorophyll (0.04-0.86 abs), peach weight (132-264 g), soluble solids (7.23-12.57%), pH (3.18-4.66), titratable acidity (0.16-1.21%), and flesh firmness (6.92-35.72 N). In general, tree-ripened fruit …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Caterpillar/Basil-Plant Tandems, Paco Calvo

Animal Sentience

According to Reber (2016), subjectivity springs from primitive life itself. Granting his non-neurocentric stance, I shall try to show that his framework falls prey to zoocentric preconceptions that divest certain non-animal life-forms of mentality. There is no reason to exclude the possibility that plants have evolved different structures that underlie their own subjective experiences, all according to Reber’s model. It is the degree of phenotypic flexibility and integration that we observe in the behavioral repertoire of plants that may end up supporting their capacity for subjective experience. This remains an open empirical question.

New Species, New Combinations And New Synonymies Towards A Treatment Of Acanthaceae For The Manual De Plantas De Costa Rica, Lucinda A. Mcdade, Barry E. Hammel, Carrie A. Kiel

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

In preparation for the publication of the Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, new species, names, combinations, and synonymies are provided in six genera of Acanthaceae: Anisacanthus, Chamaeranthemum, Dicliptera, Justicia, Ruellia and Stenostephanus. The new species are A. grace-woodiae, J. altior, J. lithophila and S. chavesii. A new name at the species level, R. leonardiana, is provided for R. tubiflora var. hirsuta. With Habracanthus, Hansteinia, Kalbreyeriella and Razisea being subsumed within Stenostephanus, the new combinations S. blepharorhachis, S. citrinus, S. leiorhachis (= Razisea spicata …

Letter From The Dean, Deacue Fields

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Proline On In Vitro Proliferation And Propagationof Doubled Haploid Sugar Beet (Beta Vulgaris), Arman Pazuki, Fatemeh Aflaki, Songül Gürel, Ali̇ Ergül, Ekrem Gürel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Doubled haploid induction is one of the available methods normally used for sugar beet breeding. Gynogenic haploid explants of sugar beet induced with 1 or 2 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine were treated with 5 g L-1 colchicine, then subcultured on a solidified MS medium plus 0.2 mg L-1 kinetin. Colchicine doubled the chromosome number of 27.7% of the treated haploid explants. With the aim of increasing the number of doubled haploid explants, the effects of five levels of proline (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 mM) on the explants' proliferation, propagation, and shoot length were compared. With a large effect size …

Ekimia Ozcan-Secmenii (Apiaceae), A New Species From Southwest Anatolia, Turkey, Serdar Gökhan Şenol, Volkan Eroğlu, Nazli Bahar Peli̇t, Duygu Bozyel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ekimia ozcan-secmenii Şenol & Eroğlu sp. nov. (Apiaceae) is described from SW Turkey. E. ozcan-secmenii differs from its close affinity, E. bornmuelleri, by life form (monocarpic), petal and bracteole morphology, and mericarp features. These data were more supported by the results of nrDNA ITS sequences. The ML tree depicted based on phylogenetic studies aimed to reveal the closeness of the Laserpitium and Prangos species as well as the location the affinity of species in the genus Ekimia. The taxonomic situation of Prangos hulusi was also evaluated based on nrDNA ITS sequences. Since E. ozcan-secmenii is distributed in Sami Soydam Sandalcık …

Habitat Effects And Differences In The Reproductive Success Oforchis Punctulata And Orchis Purpurea (Orchidaceae), Spyros Tsiftsis, Vladan Djordjevic

Turkish Journal of Botany

The pollination success of two nonrewarding orchids in two coarse habitats was examined. The comparative results of Orchis punctulata and O. purpurea showed a significant differentiation. The fruit set of O. purpurea was significantly greater compared to O. punctulata, whereas both species also had significantly higher fruit set in the grassland compared to the forest. Although the pollination success of O. purpurea was not significantly correlated with plant height, inflorescence size, or nearest neighbor distance, these factors were found to be significantly correlated to the pollination success of O. punctulata. Among these factors, the nearest neighbor distance had the highest …

Primula Veris Plants Derived From In Vitro Cultures And From Seeds: Genetic Stability, Morphology, And Seed Characteristics, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Maria Morozowska, Renata Nowinska, Andrzej Jagodzinski

Turkish Journal of Botany

Flow cytometry measurement confirmed the genetic stability of Primula veris L. (cowslip) plants obtained during the micropropagation process. The mean 2C DNA content was 0.97 pg/2C and P. veris can be classified in the group of plants of very small genomes. Comparative morphological analysis of cowslip plants regenerated in vitro and derived from seeds was carried out in three subsequent years under common garden conditions, which limited the effects of environmental factors. The origin of specimens significantly influenced most of the morphological traits examined. Plants that originated from seeds were characterized by more intensive development rate and higher total seed …

Characteristic Of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase Gene And Its Response To The Salinity And Temperature Stress In Chlamydomonas Sp. Ice-L From Antarctica, Yueyue Peng, Yu Ding, Xiaochen Tang, Jichang Jian, Jinhui Wang, Quanfu Wang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L, an Antarctic ice alga, has high tolerance ability to freezing and salinity. Glutathione (GSH) is an important small antioxidative molecule in the growth and stress responses of plants including algae. We cloned a full-length cDNA encoding glutamate cysteine ligase (ICE-LGCL), the key enzyme of GSH synthesis, from Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L by RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique (RACE). The cDNA has 2199 bp nucleotides with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1452 bp encoding a polypeptide of 453 amino acids. BLASTP algorithm results showed that ICE-LGCL shared 51%-70% amino acid sequence identity with the reported …

Phenotypic Plasticity And Specialization Along An Altitudinal Gradient In Trifolium Repens, Fati̇h Fazlioğlu, Justin S.H. Wan, Stephen P. Bonser

Turkish Journal of Botany

Phenotypic plasticity and specialization represent seemingly contrasting strategies to heterogeneous environments. Specialization is associated with the loss of phenotypic plasticity, particularly in functional traits. However, it is equivocal if this loss of plasticity is observed only in the specific habitat and stress type where the specialization occurs or a general loss of plasticity is seen across habitats. We examined populations of Trifolium repens L. following an expansion during the colonization of Australia from relatively good low altitude habitats to more stressful high altitude habitats in the Blue Mountains region, New South Wales, Australia. We examined if specialization to abiotic stress …

The Morphological Intermediacy Of Erigeron ×Huelsenii (Asteraceae), A Hybrid Between E. Acris And E. Canadensis, Artur Pliszko, Kinga Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt

Turkish Journal of Botany

Morphological intermediacy is considered the first evidence of hybridization in many plant studies. However, morphological intermediacy does not always provide hybrid origin and can be a result of divergence. In this study, the authors revised the morphological intermediacy of Erigeron ×huelsenii, a putative hybrid between the Eurasian E. acris s. str. and North American E. canadensis, using the character count procedure, a method that allows distinguishing hybridity from divergence. The measurements were made on herbarium specimens, including 100 specimens of E. acris s. str., 100 specimens of E. canadensis, and 50 specimens of E. ×huelsenii, which were collected in northeastern …

Diversity And Functional Traits Of Spontaneous Plant Species In Algerian Rangelands Rehabilitated With Prickly Pear (Opuntia Ficus-Indica L.) Plantations, Souad Neffar, Taha Menasria, Haroun Chenchouni

Turkish Journal of Botany

The prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller) is a xerophytic cactus species widely cultivated in arid and semiarid regions worldwide and used in rehabilitation programs of rangelands in Algeria since 1990. This study analyzed the diversity and functional traits of plant species established in prickly pear plantations growing under arid and semiarid climates. A 3-year plant assessment (2008-2010) was carried out using ecological descriptors (abundance, species richness, diversity indices, disturbance index, and Jaccard index) and plant functional traits (life forms, chorological types, dispersal types, Grime's, Noy-Meir's strategies, and morphological types). The results revealed 36 and 31 species in arid and …

New Records And Rare Taxa For The Freshwater Algae Of Turkeyfrom The Tatar Dam Reservoir (Elazığ), Memet Varol, Saul Blanco, Kenan Alpaslan, Gökhan Karakaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Recently, the number of algological studies in Turkish inland waters has increased remarkably. However, taxonomic and floristic studies on algae in the Euphrates basin are still scarce. This study contributes new information to the knowledge of the Turkish freshwater algal flora. Phytoplankton samples were collected from the Tatar Dam Reservoir in the Euphrates Basin between January 2016 and December 2016. Two taxa were recorded for first time and 14 rare taxa for the freshwater algae of Turkey were identified in this study. The new records belong to the phylum Bacillariophyta, whereas taxa considered as rare belong to the phyla Chlorophyta, …

Overexpression Of The Glycine Max Chalcone Isomerase (Gmchi) Gene In Transgenictalinum Paniculatum Plants, Thi Nhu Trang Vu, Thi Hong Trang Le, Phu Hiep Hoang, Danh Thuong Sy, Thi Thu Thuy Vu, Hoang Mau Chu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Talinum paniculatum plants contain flavonoids and saponins, which have strong antioxidant properties and are used in the treatment of numerous diseases, such as inflammation, allergies, and gastric ulcers. Currently, there is no published research on the flavonoid content of T. paniculatum plants; however, it has been determined that the species in the genus Talinum have very low flavonoid content, and therefore the effective approach to enhance the flavonoid content in T. paniculatum plants is overexpression of the Glycine max chalcone isomerase (GmCHI) gene. In this study, we analyzed GmCHI gene overexpression, which has increased total flavonoid content in transgenic T. …

A New Species Of Barssia (Ascomycota, Helvellaceae) From Turkey, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan, Fuat Bozok, Hatira Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new species of the genus Barssia was identified from Turkey using both morphological and phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS rDNA) and nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU rDNA) gene sequences. Macroscopic and microscopic features of the fresh samples were photographed and a diagnostic key of the genus Barssia was built considering characteristics of known species.

Xanthagaricus Pakistanicus Sp. Nov. (Agaricaceae): First Report Of The Genus From Pakistan, Shah Hussain, Najam-Ul-Sahar Afshan, Habib Ahmad, Hassan Sher, Abdul Khalid

Turkish Journal of Botany

Xanthagaricus pakistanicus is described as a new species from lowland northern Pakistan, based on morphological and molecular data. It is characterized by a yellowish pileus, covered with dark brown squamules, a stipe with yellowish fibrils, globose basidiospores, and pileal squamules made up of pseudoparenchymatous epithelium with encrusted walls. Molecular phylogenetic trees were inferred based on nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA. In phylogenetic analyses the genus Hymenagaricus sensu lato (s. l.) was inferred as a nonmonophyletic group and recovered in two monophyletic clades, consisting of species of the genera Xanthagaricus and Hymenagaricus …

Properties, Variations, Roles, And Potential Applications Of Epicuticular Wax: A Review, Priyal Sharma, Shankar Lal Kothari, Mahender Rathore, Vinod Gour

Turkish Journal of Botany

The cuticular wax layer covers the aerial surface of plants and acts as a barrier between plants and the environment. The cuticle plays a key role in the protection of plants from pathogens, UV light, and transpiration. Variation in the wax quality and quantity is influenced by factors like the solvent used for extraction, species, ontogeny, and season. Compounds isolated from the cuticle layer have been studied by various methods and were found to play an important role from the ecological and physiological points of view. These compounds include esters, alcohols, ether, alkane, and aldehydes. Nonpolar compounds help reduce water …

Phenotypic Evaluation Of Transgenic Peas (Pisum Sativum L.) Harboring Atnhx1 Demonstrates Stable Gene Expression And Conserved Morphology In Subsequent Generations, Zahid Ali, Wajeeha Saeed, Saadia Naseem, Faheem Ahmad, Ahmed Akrem, Nighat Yasmeen, Hans Joerg Jacobsen

Turkish Journal of Botany

In recent years, transgenic approaches have played a significant role in improving traits that help plants overcome abiotic stresses. Combined gene discovery and functional genomics have helped identify diversified mechanisms and gene families, which improved productivity under various abiotic stresses. We report on the genetic stability and persistent morphological features of transgenic pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants harboring the dicistronic vector construct pG0229MASnhx1/luc over five generations. In addition to salt stress tolerance, the transgenic plants showed frost tolerance compared to wild-type (WT) plants. Frost tolerance of AtNHX1 transgenic pea plants was unexpected and needs further investigation. We report morphological and …

Monitoring An Endangered And Rare Plant: Population Growth And Viability Oflotus Kunkelii (Esteve) Bramwell And Davis (Gran Canaria - Canary Islands), Agustin Naranjo Cigala, Marcos Salas, Francisco Javier Diaz, Aday Miguel Gonzalez-Garcia, Ana Ramos, Jose Ramon Arevalo Sierra

Turkish Journal of Botany

Species monitoring is a valuable tool that can be used to answer a wide range of questions directly related to species conservation, management, and population improvement. We monitored the only remaining population of Lotus kunkelii on a monthly basis over 3 years to reveal important characteristics of the population that could help protect it. In this study, the main hypothesis to be tested is whether the population of L. kunkelii is stable or not. The study site is located in Gran Canaria. Monthly censuses of the population recording size (height and diameter), mortality, regeneration, and presence of reproductive structures in …

Volumetric Analysis Of Airborne Pollen Grains In The City Of Uşak, Turkey, Ulaş Uğuz, Aykut Güvensen, Nedret Şengonca Tort, Ayli̇n Eşi̇z Dereboylu, Peli̇n Baran

Turkish Journal of Botany

Airborne pollen in Uşak, a province in Turkey, was studied for two years (from 1 February 2014 to 31 January 2016) using the volumetric method and the most recent pollen data of the region were obtained. During the study, 23,915 pollen grains were detected. The pollens detected belonged to 53 taxa. Of the 53 taxa, 28 were woody and 25 were herbaceous. Of the pollen grains detected, 86% (20,565 pollen grains) were from woody plants, 4.74% (1133 pollen grains) belonged to Poaceae, and 8.65% (2071 pollen grains) were from other herbaceous plants, whereas 0.61% (146 pollen grains) were unidentified pollen …

Achene Morphology Of The Genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae)From Turkey And Its Taxonomic Significance, Mehmet Ufuk Özbek, Funda Özbek, Meci̇t Vural

Turkish Journal of Botany

Twenty-two taxa of the genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae) from Turkey were examined with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to describe their achene macro- and micromorphologies and to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features. The achenes are obpyramidal, obconical, and oblong. Achene width ranges from 0.26 to 1.68 mm and achene length from 1.13 to 3.46 mm. They show variation in color: brown, dark brown, grayish-brown, reddish-brown, purplish-brown, black, and purplish. All investigated species have slime cells, but prismatic cells on epicarpic cells are found only in two species. Four types of ornamentations were recognized via …

Systematics Value Of Micromorphological And Palynological Characters In Stenocephalum Sch.Bip. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae), Maria Betiana Angulo, Laura Chalup, Massimiliano Dematteis

Turkish Journal of Botany

Micromorphological and palynological characters of all Stenocephalum Sch.Bip. species (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) were analyzed to evaluate their reliability as taxonomic markers at generic level and discussed in relation to other genera of the subtribe Lepidaploinae. Characters such as pubescence of corollas and cypselae showed glandular and nonglandular trichomes allowing differentiation among related species. Apical appendages without glandular trichomes, caudate anthers, and carpopodium structure are common characteristics among Stenocephalum species. With the exceptions of S. megapotamicum and S. tragiaefolium, almost all species of the genus showed style bases without basal nodes for the first time. Crystals on the fruits wall were also …

Resolving The Position Of Astragalus Borysthenicus Klokov Within The Astragalus L. Species, Nataliia Karpenko, Viktoriia Martyniuk, Oksana Tyshchenko, Andrii Tarieiev, Ayten Tekpinar, Vitaliia Didenko, Igor Kostikov

Turkish Journal of Botany

The present study is focused on several species from the genus Astragalus L. with the aim to clarify the taxonomic status of Ukrainian local endemic species Astragalus borysthenicus Klokov, which is sometimes considered a synonym to A. onobrychis L. In this study, the morphological features, current taxonomy, taxonomical history, and phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA Bayesian inference, as well as comparative analysis of ITS1 and ITS2 secondary structures, were investigated. It was found that A. borysthenicus is distant from A. onobrychis according to phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, A. borysthenicus has differences from the investigated taxa in its secondary structures of ITS1 …

Validation Of The Quercus (Fagaceae) Taxa Described By Djavanchir Khoie, Parisa Panahi, Ziba Jamzad

Turkish Journal of Botany

In a taxonomic revision of the genus Quercus L. in Iran, 25 taxa named by Djavanchir Khoie in 1967 were studied and evaluated. These taxa were described in his PhD thesis but not validly published according to Arts. 30.8. and 40.1. of the ICN. According to our studies, seven of them are accepted taxa. In this paper we validate them. The original descriptions are provided, an identification key for these taxa is presented, and the types are designated in MPU.

Sericea Lespedeza Control Strategies Differ In Their Impacts On Overall Range Health And Native Plant Species Composition, G. A. Gatson, W. H. Fick, W. W. Hsu, K C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) control strategies of late summer prescribed burning and fall her­bicide application on soil cover, native plant populations, and biological diversity.

Study Description:We established 16 individual units within an 80-acre native tallgrass pasture. Each unit was assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: control, spray only, burn only, or burn-plus-spray. Burn only and burn-plus-spray units were burned in early September. Spray only and burn-plus-spray units were sprayed with metsulfuron methyl (Escort XP, DuPont, Wilmington, DE) in late September. The change in …

Exploring The Physical, Chemical And Biological Components Of Soil: Improving Soil Health For Better Productive Capacity, G. F. Sassenrath, K. Davis, A. Sassenrath-Cole, N. Riding

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

“Soil health” is a term that is used to describe soil quality. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service has defined soil health as “The continued capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals and humans (NRCS 2018).” For a farmer, soil health is the productive capacity of the soil, or the capacity of the soil to produce a crop or pasture. Healthy soils produce more and with better quality.

Soil health is critical for water and nutrient cycling. Soil captures rainwater and stores it for use by plants. Soil health is …