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- Buchloe dactyloides (2)
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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
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Detection Of Phosphorus And Nitrogen Deficiencies In Corn Using Spectral Radiance Measurements, S.L. Osbourne, James S. Schepers, D. Francis, Michael R. Schlemmer
Detection Of Phosphorus And Nitrogen Deficiencies In Corn Using Spectral Radiance Measurements, S.L. Osbourne, James S. Schepers, D. Francis, Michael R. Schlemmer
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Applications of remote sensing in crop production are becoming increasingly popular due in part to an increased concern with pollution of surface and ground waters due to over-fertilization of agricultural lands and the need to compensate for spatial variability in a field. Past research in this area has focused primarily on N stress in crops. Other stresses and the interactions have not been fully evaluated. A field experiment was conducted to determine wavelengths and/or combinations of wavelengths that are indicative of P and N deficiency and also the interaction between these in corn (Zea mays L.). The field experiment …
Understanding And Managing Corn Yield Potential, Achim R. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, J Lindquist, James E. Specht, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang
Understanding And Managing Corn Yield Potential, Achim R. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, J Lindquist, James E. Specht, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Rainfed and irrigated systems in which corn is grown either in rotation with soybean or as a continuous monocrop are the predominant cropping systems in North America. About 30 million ha of corn are harvested annually for grain in the USA, of which eleven states in the Corn Belt produce more than 210 million tons or 35% of the global corn supply (Dobermann and Cassman, 2002). During the past 35 years, average corn yields have increased linearly at a rate of 1.7 bu/acre per year (109 kg ha-1 per year, Fig. 1). Average corn yields now approach 140 bu/acre …
Soil Properties As Influenced By Phosphorus- And Nitrogen-Based Manure And Compost Applications, Bahman Eghball
Soil Properties As Influenced By Phosphorus- And Nitrogen-Based Manure And Compost Applications, Bahman Eghball
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Manure or compost application based on N needs of corn (Zea mays L. ) may result in soil accumulation of P, N, and other ions, since the manure or compost N/P ratio is usually smaller than the corn N/P uptake ratio. This study was conducted from 1992 to 1996 to evaluate the effects of annual or biennial application of N- and P-based composted and noncomposted beef cattle (Bos taurus ) feed- lot manure on soil properties. Fertilized and unfertilized checks were also included. Soil surface (0–15 cm) pH significantly increased with N-based manure (MN) or compost application (CN), …
Characterization Of Fro1, A Pea Ferric-Chelate Reductase Involved In Root Iron Acquisition, Brian M. Waters, Dale G. Blevins, David J. Eide
Characterization Of Fro1, A Pea Ferric-Chelate Reductase Involved In Root Iron Acquisition, Brian M. Waters, Dale G. Blevins, David J. Eide
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
To acquire iron, many plant species reduce soil Fe(III) to Fe(II) by Fe(III)-chelate reductases embedded in the plasma membrane of root epidermal cells. The reduced product is then taken up by Fe(II) transporter proteins. These activities are induced under Fe deficiency. We describe here the FRO1 gene from pea (Pisum sativum), which encodes an Fe(III)-chelate reductase. Consistent with this proposed role, FRO1 shows similarity to other oxidoreductase proteins, and expression of FRO1 in yeast conferred increased Fe(III)-chelate reductase activity. Furthermore, FRO1 mRNA levels in plants correlated with Fe(III)-chelate reductase activity. Sites of FRO1 …
Accumulation Of Microbial Biomass Within Particulate Organic Matter Of Aging Golf Greens, Mine Kerek, Rhae A. Drijber, William L. Powers, Robert C. Shearman, Roch E. Gaussoin, Anne Streich
Accumulation Of Microbial Biomass Within Particulate Organic Matter Of Aging Golf Greens, Mine Kerek, Rhae A. Drijber, William L. Powers, Robert C. Shearman, Roch E. Gaussoin, Anne Streich
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Microbial biomass (MB) is a key variable controlling soil organic matter dynamics in soil. Currently, there is little information on the amount and significance of MB in highly managed golf greens. Our objective was to determine the amount and distribution of MB within soil structural components of golf greens and its relationship to the location of organic substrates. During 1996, 47 greens were sampled from 12 golf courses within Nebraska (USA). Microbial biomass, determined as extractable lipid phosphate on field-moist soils, increased linearly with age of green (Y = 19.39 + 3.54x; r2 = 0.87, P = 0.001). In …
Seasonal Dynamics Of Prairie Sandreed Rhizome Development, Patrick E. Reece, Jennifer S. Nixon, Lowell E. Moser, Steven S. Waller
Seasonal Dynamics Of Prairie Sandreed Rhizome Development, Patrick E. Reece, Jennifer S. Nixon, Lowell E. Moser, Steven S. Waller
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Multiple generations of rhizome-connected tillers stabilize soils and produce measurable amounts of herbage on sandy rangeland throughout the world. However, little is known about the dynamics of rhizome development in these clonal plant species. Seasonal relationships between foliar characteristics and rhizomes of prairie sandreed [Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook) Scribn.] were examined on sands range sites at 30-day intervals from May through September 1989 and 1990 at the University of Nebraska, Panhandle Experimental Range near Scottsbluff. Quadrats were excavated each year from two, 5 x 5 Latin Square macroplots in each of 2 grazing histories, long-term rest or current-year deferment. Under …
Biosolids As Nitrogen Source For Irrigated Maize And Rainfed Sorghum, Darren L. Binder, Achim Dobermann, Donald H. Sander, Kenneth G. Cassman
Biosolids As Nitrogen Source For Irrigated Maize And Rainfed Sorghum, Darren L. Binder, Achim Dobermann, Donald H. Sander, Kenneth G. Cassman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
We quantified effects of anaerobically digested sewage sludge (bio- solids) on yield, N use efficiency, and soil NO3 over a period of 4 yr. Field experiments with five biosolids rates and six N rates were conducted at two sites on a silty clay loam soil: one with irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) and another site with rainfed sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Biosolids rates for achieving maximum yields in the year of application were 62 Mg ha-1 (441 kg organic N ha-1) on irrigated maize and 36 Mg ha-1 (257 kg organic N ha-1 …
Agroecosystems, Nitrogen-Use Efficiency, And Nitrogen Management, Kenneth G. Cassman, Achim R. Dobermann, Daniel T. Walters
Agroecosystems, Nitrogen-Use Efficiency, And Nitrogen Management, Kenneth G. Cassman, Achim R. Dobermann, Daniel T. Walters
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The global challenge of meeting increased food demand and protecting environmental quality will be won or lost in cropping systems that produce maize, rice, and wheat. Achieving synchrony between N supply and crop demand without excess or deficiency is the key to optimizing trade-offs amongst yield, profit, and environmental protection in both large-scale systems in developed countries and small-scale systems in developing countries. Setting the research agenda and developing effective policies to meet this challenge requires quantitative understanding of current levels of N-use efficiency and losses in these systems, the biophysical controls on these factors, and the economic returns from …
Genetic Analysis Of Feed Quality And Seed Weight Of Sorghum Inbred Lines And Hybrids Using Analytical Methods And Nirs, C. Hicks, M. R. Tuinstra, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, F. E. Dowell, K. D. Kofoid
Genetic Analysis Of Feed Quality And Seed Weight Of Sorghum Inbred Lines And Hybrids Using Analytical Methods And Nirs, C. Hicks, M. R. Tuinstra, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, F. E. Dowell, K. D. Kofoid
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Eight lines of grain sorghum and their F1 hybrids were evaluated for contents of crude protein (CP), fat (FAT), and starch (STA); protein digestibility (PD); and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD). The effect of seed weight (SW) on these traits and the potential use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict them also were investigated. The male lines included three normal-seeded lines (TX2737, TX435, and P954063) and two largeseeded lines (PL-1 and Eastin1). The female lines included commonU.S. seed parent lines (Wheatland, Redlan, and SA3042). The lines and their hybrids were grown under dryland conditions at Kansas State …
Use Of Spectral Radiance To Estimate In-Season Biomass And Grain Yield In Nitrogen- And Water-Stressed Corn, S.L. Osborne, James S. Schepers, D.D. Francis, Michael R. Schlemmer
Use Of Spectral Radiance To Estimate In-Season Biomass And Grain Yield In Nitrogen- And Water-Stressed Corn, S.L. Osborne, James S. Schepers, D.D. Francis, Michael R. Schlemmer
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Current technologies for measuring plant water status are limited, while recently remote sensing techniques for estimating N status have increased with limited research on the interaction between the two stresses. Because plant water status methods are time-consuming and require numerous observations to characterize a field, managers could benefit from remote sensing techniques to assist in irrigation and N management decisions. A 2-yr experiment was initiated to determine specific wavelengths and/or combinations of wavelengths indicative of water stress and N deficiencies, and to evaluate these wavelengths for estimating in-season biomass and corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield. The experiment was …
Comparative Ecophysiology Of Grain Sorghum And Abutilon Theophrasti In Monoculture And In Mixture, Samba Traoré, John L. Lindquist, Stephen Mason, Alex Martin, D. A. Mortensen
Comparative Ecophysiology Of Grain Sorghum And Abutilon Theophrasti In Monoculture And In Mixture, Samba Traoré, John L. Lindquist, Stephen Mason, Alex Martin, D. A. Mortensen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Selection of crop genotypes that are more competitive with weeds for light interception may improve crop yield stability in the presence of weeds. The effects of interference on ecophysiological characteristics of Abutilon theophrasti Medic. and three morphologically diverse grain sorghum hybrids was evaluated to determine the relative tolerance and suppressive ability of the three hybrids and specific traits that may contribute to those differences. A tall hybrid was more tolerant to A. theophrasti interference than two medium stature hybrids. Early leaf area growth of two medium-stature sorghum hybrids was reduced by A. theophrasti interference, whereas early growth of a tall …
Environmental Effects On Developing Wheat As Sensed By Near-Infrared Reflectance Of Mature Grains, Stephen R. Delwiche, Robert A. Graybosch, Lenis Alton Nelson, William R. Hruschka
Environmental Effects On Developing Wheat As Sensed By Near-Infrared Reflectance Of Mature Grains, Stephen R. Delwiche, Robert A. Graybosch, Lenis Alton Nelson, William R. Hruschka
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
For 30 years, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has routinely been applied to the cereal grains for the purpose of rapidly measuring concentrations of constituents such as protein and moisture. The research described herein examined the ability of NIR reflectance spectroscopy on harvested wheat to determine weather-related, quality-determining properties that occurred during plant development. Twenty commercial cultivars or advanced breeding lines of hard red winter and hard white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in 10 geographical locations under prevailing natural conditions of the U.S. Great Plains. Diffuse reflectance spectra (1,100-2,498 nm) of ground wheat from these samples were modeled by …
Registration Of ‘Wahoo’ Wheat, P. Stephen Baenziger, B. Moreno-Sevilla, Robert A. Graybosch, J. M. Krall, M. J. Shipman, Roger Wesley Elmore, R. N. Klein, D. D. Baltensperger, Lenis Alton Nelson, D. V. Mcvey, John E. Watkins, J.H. Hatchett
Registration Of ‘Wahoo’ Wheat, P. Stephen Baenziger, B. Moreno-Sevilla, Robert A. Graybosch, J. M. Krall, M. J. Shipman, Roger Wesley Elmore, R. N. Klein, D. D. Baltensperger, Lenis Alton Nelson, D. V. Mcvey, John E. Watkins, J.H. Hatchett
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
‘Wahoo’ (Reg. no. CV-920, PI 619098) is a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 2000 by the developing institutions and the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station. Wahoo was released primarily for its superior adaptation to rainfed (syn. nonirrigated) wheat production regions in eastern Nebraska and broad adaptation to rainfed wheat production regions in Wyoming and Nebraska. Where it is adapted, Wahoo should be a good replacement cultivar for ‘Arapahoe’ (Baenziger et al., 1989). Wahoo is genetically complementary to ‘2137’, ‘Alliance’, ‘Buckskin’, ‘Jagger’, ‘Pronghorn’, and …
Understanding Corn Yield Potential And Optimal Soil Productivity In Irrigated Corn Systems, A. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, John L. Lindquist, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang, Brigid Amos, Darren L. Binder, Gregory J. Teichmeier
Understanding Corn Yield Potential And Optimal Soil Productivity In Irrigated Corn Systems, A. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, John L. Lindquist, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang, Brigid Amos, Darren L. Binder, Gregory J. Teichmeier
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
In 1999, a field experiment was established to (I) quantify and understand the yield potential of corn and soybean under irrigated conditions, (2) identify efficient crop management practices to achieve yields that approach potential levels, and (3) determine the energy use efficiency, global warming and soil C-sequestration potential of intensively managed corn systems. The experiment compares systems that represent different levels of management intensity expressed as combinations of crop rotation (continuous corn, corn-soybean), plant density (low. medium. high) and nutrient management (recommended best management vs. intensive management). Detailed measurements include soil nutrient dynamics and C balance, crop growth and development, …
Nitrogen Phosphorus, And Potassium Effects On Seeded Buffalograss Establishment, Kevin Frank, Roch E. Gaussoin, Jack Fry, Michael Frost, James Baird
Nitrogen Phosphorus, And Potassium Effects On Seeded Buffalograss Establishment, Kevin Frank, Roch E. Gaussoin, Jack Fry, Michael Frost, James Baird
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Field studies were conducted in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma in 1996 tp evaluate the influence of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) applied alone or in combination on the establishment rate of buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] from seed. 'Cody' buffalograss burrs were planted at 98 kg∙ha-1 at planting and at 49 kg∙ha-1 weekly or every other week for 5 weeks after seeding (WAS). The total N amounts applied were 0, 49, 147, 294 kg∙ha-1. Phosphorus and K were applied at rates of 0 or 49 kg∙ha-1 at planting only. Percent buffalograss coverage …
Planting Depth Effect On Emergence And Morphology Of Buffalograss Seedlings, Neil L. Heckman, Garald L. Horse, Roch E. Gaussoin
Planting Depth Effect On Emergence And Morphology Of Buffalograss Seedlings, Neil L. Heckman, Garald L. Horse, Roch E. Gaussoin
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] is a warm-season perennial grass native to the North American Great Plains region and has been used as a low-maintenance turfgrass. Turf-type buffalograsses are available and are commonly used on nonirrigated land. Our objectives were to determine the deepest planting depth of burrs that would allow acceptable emergence and to evaluate planting depth of burrs that would allow acceptable emergence, and to evaluate planting depth effects on bufalograss seedling morphology. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted in Fall 2000. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replications and a 3 (cultivar) x 6 …
Corn Yield Potential And Optimal Soil Productivity In Irrigated Corn/Soybean Systems, Achim R. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, Rhae A. Drijber, J. Lindquist, S. Madhaven, John P. Markwell, Lenis Alton Nelson, James E. Specht, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang, Brigid Amos, Darren L. Binder, C. Murphy, Gregory J. Teichmeier
Corn Yield Potential And Optimal Soil Productivity In Irrigated Corn/Soybean Systems, Achim R. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, Rhae A. Drijber, J. Lindquist, S. Madhaven, John P. Markwell, Lenis Alton Nelson, James E. Specht, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang, Brigid Amos, Darren L. Binder, C. Murphy, Gregory J. Teichmeier
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
In 1999, an interdisciplinary research team at the University of Nebraska established a field experiment to (1) quantify and understand the yield potential of corn and soybean under irrigated conditions, (2) identify efficient crop management practices to achieve yields that approach potential levels, and (3) determine the energy use efficiency, global warming and soil C-sequestration potential of intensively managed corn systems. The experiment compares systems that represent different levels of management intensity expressed as combinations of crop rotation (continuous corn, corn-soybean), plant density (low, medium, high) and nutrient management (recommended best management vs. intensive management). Detailed measurements include soil nutrient …
Crop Sequence And Nitrogen Fertilization Effects On Soil Properties In The Western Corn Belt, M. A. Liebig, Gary E. Varvel, John W. Doran, Brian J. Wienhold
Crop Sequence And Nitrogen Fertilization Effects On Soil Properties In The Western Corn Belt, M. A. Liebig, Gary E. Varvel, John W. Doran, Brian J. Wienhold
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Understanding long-term management effects on soil properties is necessary to determine the relative sustainability of cropping systems. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties were measured in a long-term cropping system study in the Western Corn Belt. Properties were evaluated after 16 yr in four crop sequences [continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CC), corn–soybean [Glycine max. (L.)] (C–SB), corn–oat (Avena sativa L.) + clover (80% sweet clover [Melilotus officinalis L.] and 20% red clover [Trifolium pratense L.])–grain sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)–soybean (C–OCL–SG– SB), and corn–soybean-grain sorghum–oat + clover (C–SB–SG– OCL)] each at three …
Soil Organic Matter Assessments In A Long-Term Cropping System Study, Gary E. Varvel, Mark A. Liebig, John W. Doran
Soil Organic Matter Assessments In A Long-Term Cropping System Study, Gary E. Varvel, Mark A. Liebig, John W. Doran
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Assessing effects of cropping systems on soil organic matter (SOM) and soil carbon (C) changes are necessary to make accurate projections regarding sequestration and emission of CO2 by agricultural soils. This process requires substantial annual management inputs and large outlays for soil sampling and analyses. Our objectives were (1) to evaluate and test an alternative method for soil organic matter determination, (2) to determine if crop rotation and N fertilizer management significantly affected soil organic matter at the beginning (1986) or after 12 yrs (1998), and (3) to determine if total soil organic matter levels have changed after 12 …
Critical Period For Weed Control: The Concept And Data Analysis, Stevan Z. Knezevic, Sean P. Evans, Erin E. Blankenship, Rene C. Van Acker, John L. Lindquist
Critical Period For Weed Control: The Concept And Data Analysis, Stevan Z. Knezevic, Sean P. Evans, Erin E. Blankenship, Rene C. Van Acker, John L. Lindquist
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The critical period for weed control (CPWC) is a period in the crop growth cycle during which weeds must be controlled to prevent yield losses. Knowing the CPWC is useful in making decisions on the need for and timing of weed control and in achieving efficient herbicide use from both biological and economic perspectives. An increase in the use of herbicide-tolerant crops, especially soybean resistant to glyphosate, has stimulated interest in the concept of CPWC. Recently, several studies examined this concept in glyphosate-resistant corn and soybean across the midwestern United States. However, these studies presented various methods for data analysis …
Growth Response Of Velvetleaf To Three Postemergence Herbicides, Cheryl A. Murphy, John L. Lindquist
Growth Response Of Velvetleaf To Three Postemergence Herbicides, Cheryl A. Murphy, John L. Lindquist
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Knowledge of how reduction in the rate of herbicide application or rotation of their mode of action influences weed growth will provide insight into how successful these practices will be in an integrated weed management program. Field experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to quantify velvetleaf growth response to three postemergence herbicides, each with a different mode of action. A monoculture of velvetleaf was treated with halosulfuron, dicamba, and flumiclorac at 0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 X the labeled rate for weed control in corn. Percent plant mortality increased with rate of application; the greatest mortality occurred …
Combinatorial Control Of Yeast Fet4 Gene Expression By Iron, Zinc, And Oxygen, Brian M. Waters, David J. Eide
Combinatorial Control Of Yeast Fet4 Gene Expression By Iron, Zinc, And Oxygen, Brian M. Waters, David J. Eide
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Acquisition of metals such as iron, copper, and zinc by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is tightly regulated. High affinity uptake systems are induced under metal-limiting conditions to maintain an adequate supply of these essential nutrients. Low affinity uptake systems function when their substrates are in greater supply. The FET4 gene encodes a low affinity iron and copper uptake transporter. FET4 expression is regulated by several environmental factors. In this report, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation. First, we found that FET4 expression is induced in iron-limited cells by the Aft1 iron-responsive transcriptional activator. Second, FET …