Digital Commons Network^™

Intsormil Crsp: Sorghum, Millet And Other Grains Collaborative Research Support Program: Leader With Associates Cooperative Agreement No. Eep-A-00-06-0016-00; Award From The U.S. Agency For International Development To The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, Joseph Schmidt

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Pursuant to the authority contained in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) hereby awards to University of Nebraska - Lincoln (hereinafter referred to as the "Recipient"), the sum of $9,000,000.00 to provide support for a program in Sorghum, Millet, and Other Grains Collaborative Research Support Program as described in the Schedule of this award and in Attachment B, entitled "Program Description."

This Leader with Associates Cooperative Agreement is effective and obligation is made as of 09-30-2006 and shall apply to expenditures made by the Recipient in furtherance of program objectives during …

Ecophysiology Of Two Native Invasive Woody Species And Two Dominant Warm-Season Grasses In The Semiarid Grasslands Of The Nebraska Sandhills, Kathleen D. Eggemeyer, Tala Awada, David A. Wedin, F. Edwin Harvey, Xinhua Zhou

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Populations of Pinus ponderosa and Juniperus virginiana are expanding into semiarid Sandhills grasslands in Nebraska. To evaluate the physiological basis of their success, we measured the seasonal course of leaf gas exchange, plant water status, and carbon isotope discrimination in these two native trees and two native C₄ grasses (Schizachyrium scoparium and Panicum virgatum). Compared to the trees, grasses had higher net photosynthetic rates (A_net) and water use efficiency (WUE) and more negative predawn and midday water potentials (Ψ) in June and July. While leaf Ψ and rates of leaf gas exchange declined for all …

Nitrate Accumulation And Movement Under Deficit Irrigation In Soil Receiving Cattle Manure And Commercial Fertilizer, D. D. Tarkalson, J. O. Payero, S. M. Ensley, Charles A. Shapiro

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrate leaching from agricultural soils can increase groundwater nitrate concentrations. The objectives of the study were to assess the accumulation and movement of nitrate in the soil profile over a 2-year period under def¬icit irrigation conditions following a one time application of N in cattle feedlot manure and commercial fertilizer to corn at rates to achieve yield goals expected under conditions of full irrigation. Cattle manure and ammonium nitrate were applied in 2002 at the University of Nebraska recommended rate (1M and 1F, respectively) and cat¬tle manure was applied at twice the recommended rate (2M) for N for the 2002 …

Dna Molecules And Polypeptides Of Pseudomonas Syringae Hrp Pathogenicity Island And Their Uses: U.S. Patent No. Us 7,102,059 B2, Alan Collmer, James R. Alfano, Amy O. Charkowski

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

One aspect of the present invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules (i) encoding proteins or polypeptides of Pseudomonas CEL and EEL genomic regions, (ii) nucleic acid molecules which hybridize thereto under stringent conditions, or (iii) nucleic acid molecules that include a nucleotide sequence which is complementary to the nucleic acid molecules of (i) and (ii). Expression vectors, host cells, and transgenic plants which include the DNA molecules of the present invention are also disclosed. Another aspect relates to the isolated proteins or polypeptides and compositions containing the same. The nucleic acid molecules and proteins of the present invention can …

Cloning Of Nt.Cviqii Nicking Endonuclease And Its Cognate Methyltransferase: M.Cviqii Methylates Ag Sequence, Siu-Hong Chan, Zhenyu Zhu, David Dunigan, James L. Van Etten, Shuang-Yong Xu

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Chlorella virus NY-2A has a large, highly methylated dsDNA genome (45% of the cytosines are 5-methylcytosine and 37% of the adenines are N⁶-methyladenine). Here, we report the cloning, expression, and characterization of the NY-2A-encoded CviQII nicking-modification (N-M) system. The nicking endonuclease, Nt.CviQII, recognizes R ↓ AG (R = A or G, ↓ indicating cleavage site) sequences and cleaves the phosphodiester bond 5′ to the adenosine. Because of the difficulty in cloning and expressing the wild-type Nt.CviQII, C-terminal truncation mutants were generated and full-length Nt.CviQII was reconstructed by intein-mediated peptide ligation. The truncation mutants and the reconstructed full-length Nt.CviQII …

Harina De Sorgo Como Sustituto Del Trigo En Panaderías Rurales De El Salvador, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

El grano de sorgo está generando mucho interés en el escenario de la comida sana. Por que? La respuesta es muy sencilla: la harina de grano de sorgo, NO CONTIENE GLUTEN. Esto es muy importante para aquellas personas intolerantes al gluten (padecimiento celíaco). El sorgo contiene un alto contenido de antioxidantes (que ayudan a prevenir el cáncer) y fibra insoluble (lenta digestibilidad), con cantidades relativamente pequeñas de fibra soluble. La proteína y el almidón del endospermo del sorgo son digeridos más lentamente si se les compara con otros cereales. El bajo porcentaje de digestibilidad en los productos preparados a base …

Sorghum Flour As A Substitute For Wheat In El Salvador Village Bakeries, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Grain sorghum is generating new excitement on the health food scene. Why? For one reason, flour milled from grain sorghum has NO GLUTEN! That’s important to those people with an intolerance to gluten-containing products (Celiac disease). Sorghum is high in antioxidants (cancer prevention) and insoluble fiber (slowly digested), with relatively small amounts of soluble fiber. The protein and starch in sorghum endosperm are more slowly digested than other cereals. The slower rate of digestibility of sorghum products may be beneficial to diabetics.

So how is sorghum flour used in baking? It can be substituted for wheat, rice or soybean flour …

Artificial Burrows And The Deer Mouse: Do Number Of Entrances Influence Use?, Glennis A. Kaufman, Donald W. Kaufman

The Prairie Naturalist

We examined use of artificial burrows by the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) in mixed grass prairie in north central Kansas. We predicted differential use of burrows, such that the deer mouse would prefer two entrance burrows in non-winter months when predatory snakes were active, but prefer one entrance burrows in winter when cold, windy conditions existed. We installed 20 pairs of artificial burrows (one single entrance and one double entrance) in summer 1988. We examined these burrows on seven dates from autumn 1988 to autumn 1989. All mice (n = 70) used two entrance burrows at least …

First Record Of The Least Shrew In Wyoming; And Clostridium Perfingens Type A Enterotoxemia In A Captive Adult White-Tailed Deer, Shauna R. Marquardt, Brian C. Bartels, Cheryl A. Schmidt, Joshua A. Delger, Kevin L. Monteith, Jonathan A. Jenks

The Prairie Naturalist

First Record of the Leaast Shrew in Wyoming by Shauna R. Marquardt, Brian C. Bartels, and Cheryl A. Schmidt; and Clostridium perfingens Type A Enterotoxemia in a Captive Adult White-tailed Deer by Joshua A. Delger , Kevin L. Monteith, and Jonathan A. Jenks.

Nebline, September 2006

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H Partners With Lincoln After-School Programs
After-School Youth Participate in County Fair 4-H Activities
Free E-mail Horticulture Newsletter
Storing Vegetables and Fruit
Too Late to Spray Bagworms
Deep Watering in Fall Can Prevent Tree Death
A Clean Garden This Fall Means A Disease-Free Garden Next Spring
Take Precautions To Avoid Serious Injury When Operating ATVs
Stocking Up on MyPyramid- Style After-School Snacks
Fruit Muesli Recipe
$tretch Your Food Dollars with Beans
President’s Notes — Alice’s Analysis
Household Hints: Stain Removal Tips
Fall Maintenance
FCE News & Events
Starting the “New Year” Out Right
Chemical Control of Eastern Redcedar
Eastern Nebraska …

Inducible Yeast System For Viral Rna Recombination Reveals Requirement For An Rna Replication Signal On Both Parental Rnas, Hernan Garcia-Ruiz, Paul Ahlquist

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

To facilitate RNA recombination studies, we tested whether Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which supports brome mosaic virus (BMV) replication, also supports BMV RNA recombination. Yeast strains expressing BMV RNA replication proteins 1a and 2a^pol were engineered to transiently coexpress two independently inducible, overlapping, nonreplicating derivatives of BMV genomic RNA3. B33' lacked the coat protein gene and negative-strand RNA promoter. B35' lacked the positive-strand RNA promoter and had the coat gene replaced by the selectable URA3 gene. After 12 to 72 h of induction, B33' and B35' transcription was repressed and Ura⁺ yeast cells were selected. All Ura⁺ cells …

Habitat Characteristics Of Spring Blackbird Roosts In East-Central South Dakota, H. Jeffrey Homan, Richard S. Sawin, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier

The Prairie Naturalist

In the northern Great Plains, blackbirds (Icteridae) roost almost exclusively in emergent-dominated wetlands. The physical characteristics of wetland roosts are not well understood. From March 20 to April 20, 1999, we studied 16 wetlands used as blackbird roosts in east-central South Dakota. Six wetlands had major roosts (range: 102,000-298,000 blackbirds); whereas, 10 wetlands had minor roosts (range: 2,010-34,000 blackbirds). Maximum roost size was correlated directly with emergent vegetation area (P = 0.05) and possibly with wetland basin area (P ≤ 0.10). Water depths were greater at used sites within wetlands of major roosts (median = 44 cm) than …

The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 38, Number 3, September 2006, Elmer J. Finck, Hilary Gillock

The Prairie Naturalist

The Prairie Naturalist (September 2006) 38(3)

Editor: Elmer J. Finck

Assistant editor: Hilary Gillock

Great Plains Natural Science Society

Artificial Burrows and the Deer Mouse: Do Number of Entrances Influence Use? GLENNIS A. KAUFMAN1 and DONALD W. KAUFMAN, pages 145-154

Evaluating Genetic Viability of Pronghorn in Wind Cave National Park JONATHAN A. JENKSi , CHRISTOPHER N. JACQUES, JARET D. SIEVERS, ROBERT W. KLAVER, R. TERRY BOWYER, and DANIEL E. RODDY, pages 155-165

Age Structure and Reproductive Activity of the Blue Sucker in the Milk River, Missouri River Drainage, Montana JULIE BEDNARSKl1 and DENNIS L. SCARNECCHIA, pages 167-182

Habitat Characteristics of …

Reviews: Natural History Of Javelinas; And Three Dvds On Bats, Louis A. Harveson, Jean Legge

The Prairie Naturalist

Reviews of Javelinas: Collared Peccaries of the Southwest (2006) by Jane Manaster, Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas, 85 pages (review by Louis A. Harveson) and of The Secret World of Bats (DVD), Building Homes for Bats (DVD), and Kids Discover Bats (DVD) (2005) published by Bat Conservation International (review by Jean Legge).

Pseudomonas SyringaeHrpj Is A Type Iii Secreted Protein That Is Required For Plant Pathogenesis, Injection Of Effectors,And Secretion Of The Hrpz1 Harpin, Zheng Qing Fu, Ming Guo, James R. Alfano

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications

The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae requires a type III protein secretion system (TTSS) to cause disease. The P. syringae TTSS is encoded by the hrp-hrc gene cluster. One of the genes within this cluster, hrpJ, encodes a protein with weak similarity to YopN, a type III secreted protein from the animal pathogenic Yersinia species. Here, we show that HrpJ is secreted in culture and translocated into plant cells by the P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 TTSS. A DC3000 hrpJ mutant, UNL140, was greatly reduced in its ability to cause disease symptoms and multiply in Arabidopsis thaliana …

Intsormil: International Expertise Benefits U.S. Sorghum And Pearl Millet Producers, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

While USAID is focused on international assistance and outreach, the Collaborative Research Support Programs (CRSPs) also benefit farmers in the United States. By establishing strong relationships with national agricultural research systems in other nations, U.S. research collaborators gain access to knowledge and expertise in crops native to these countries. Thus, the CRSPs effectively operate as a two way street, extending U.S. scientific and research expertise to collaborating nations while receiving valuable insight and access to germplasm from other production environments for U.S. agricultural deployment.

INTSORMIL CRSP principal investigators, located at leading U.S. universities (Kansas State, Mississippi State, Nebraska, Purdue, Texas …

Nebraska Vine Lines, Volume Viii, Issue 3. August/September 2006.

Viticulture Publications and Research

• Novemer 11th Workshop: Focuses on New Cultivars

• WOW! It’s Been a Hot One.

• Faculty Development Leave — Part II

• A NEW TASTING ROOM IN RAVENNA

• SUMMER FIELD DAY OPPORTUNITIES

• NWGGA Grant-Funded Field Days

• REAMS SPRINKLER SUPPLY

• Three New Wine Grapes from Cornell

• Wine Doggie Bag—LB 388 (Supported)

Isolation Of An Active Lv1 Gene From Cattle Indicates That Tripartite Motif Protein-Mediated Innate Immunity To Retroviral Infection Is Widespread Among Mammals, Laura M.J. Ylinen, Zuzana Keckesova, Benjamin L.J. Webb, Robert J.M. Gifford, Timothy P.L. Smith, Greg J. Towers

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Lv1/TRIM5α (tripartite motif 5α) has recently emerged as an important factor influencing species-specific permissivity to retroviral infection in a range of primates, including humans. Old World monkey TRIM5α blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectivity, and the human and New World monkey TRIM5α proteins are inactive against HIV-1 but active against divergent murine (N-tropic murine leukemia virus [MLV-N]) and simian (simian immunodeficiency virus from rhesus macaque [SIVmac]) retroviruses, respectively. Here we demonstrate antiviral activity of the first nonprimate TRIM protein, from cattle, active against divergent retroviruses, including HIV-1. The number of closely related human TRIM sequences makes assignment of …

Nebline, August 2006

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Kids Ag Discovery Zone at County Fair is Interactive Experience
Fun Facts About Farm Animals
Predicting the Last Irrigation for Corn, Milo and Soybeans
Effect of Increasing Energy Prices on Irrigation Costs
Fall is the Best Time to Stop Henbit
Pesticide Container Recycling Program
Add Mulches to Landscapes to Protect Plants from Temperature Changes
Water Trees During Drought
Woody Plants Under Stress
Penstemon, a Great Acreage Flower
Don’t Use Black Walnut Shavings for Animal Bedding
Are You Winning the “Fruit & Vegetable Bowl Game?”
Summertime Steak Salad Recipe
Top Ten Reasons to Eat At Home
President’s Notes — Alice’s Analysis …

Estimating The Cost Of Invasive Species On U.S. Agriculture: The U.S. Soybean Market, D. J. Lee, C.S. Kim, G Schaible

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soybean production ranks among the largest agricultural cash crops in the U.S., second only to corn. U.S. soybean production topped 3 billion bushels in 2005 with sales of $17 billion. Approximately 58% of U.S. soybeans are grown in Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Indiana, and Nebraska. A small percentage of the U.S. soybean crop, 2%, goes to human consumption in the form of whole beans, soybean oil, and soybean meal products. A third of the crop, 1 billion bushels per year is exported annually to China, EU, Mexico, Japan, and Taiwan, and other countries. Most of the crop, 2 billion bushels, goes …

Blanding’S Turtle (Emydoidea Blandingii): A Technical Conservation Assessment, Justin D. Congdon, Douglas A. Keinath

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Blanding’s turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) are secure in Nebraska, and they range from being vulnerable to threatened, or endangered throughout most of the rest of their distribution. In Region 2, they have not been reported from Kansas, they are extremely rare in South Dakota, and they occupy wetlands in the northern half of Nebraska. The largest population known within the range of Blanding’s turtles is at Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska.

The core habitat of Blanding’s turtles has an aquatic component that consists of a permanent wetland and a suite of other, usually smaller and more temporary, wetlands such …

Creating New Markets For African Sorghum Farmers, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Lack of international markets for locally grown cereals such as sorghum is a major constraint to economic development for West African farmers. Lack of international markets has traditionally resulted in price declines in normal and good weather years since consumers can only eat so much of a staple. Once consumers have enough of the staple, prices collapse, as there are no other markets. These price declines discourage farmers from using higher input levels and therefore achieving productivity gains. Hence, facilitating the growth of the food and feed processing industries for the basic staples is critical for the rapid economic growth …

Coordinated Diabrotica Genetics Research: Accelerating Progress On An Urgent Insect Pest Problem, Thomas W. Sappington, Blair D. Siegfried, Thomas Guillemaud

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Diabrotica spp. (western, northern, and Mexican corn rootworms) represent the main pest complex of continuous field corn, Zea mays (L.), in North America. The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, also has become the main pest of continuous corn in Central and Southeastern Europe since its introduction near Belgrade 15–20 years ago, and it represents a major risk to Western Europe. It has already caused economic losses in Eastern Europe, and Western countries such as France have committed large expenditures for containment and/or eradication.

Rootworm larvae feed on corn roots, and damaged plants are more susceptible to drought and …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Summer 2006, Volume 12, No. 3

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Summary Analysis of Grazing Yearling Response to Distillers Grains by Terry Klopfenstein, Department of Animal Science, UNL

Grassland Ecology and Management: A New Name for the Range Major by Walter Schacht, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL

Befriending Birds: Why Should Landowners Care about Integrating Wildlife Conservation with Livestock Production? The Reasons Are Plenty! by Kindra Gordon, Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative

Another Successful Nebraska Youth Range Camp by Daryl Cisney and Mary Reece, Nebraska Section of the Society for Range Management

Landowner, Foundation, City and Federal Government Preserve Native Prairie for Grazing and Education by Steve Chick, USDA Natural Resources …

A Matter Of Balance: Conservation And Renewable Energy, Jane M.F. Johnson, Don Reicosky, Ray Allmaras, Dave Archer, Wallace Wilhelm

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

As communities and a country, we have a monumental task to solve the energy and global climate change problems, while maintaining our capacity to produce food, feed, and fiber for an ever increasing world population. The severity of these problems is exacerbated by the universal desire for an increased standard of living, which invariably translates to more energy use, greater demand for products, and higher quality diets (usually in the form of more fresh fruits and vegetables and more animal protein). Agriculture and forestry are in a unique position as we attempt solve these opposing problems in the most beneficial …

Effect Of Cultivation And Within-Field Differences In Soil Conditions On Feral Helianthus Annuus Growth In Ridge-Tillage Maize, Michael G. Burton, David A. Mortensen, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Differences in weed population dynamics with respect to within-field heterogeneity are not well documented despite increasing interest in site-specific management of agro-ecosystems. The focus of this study was to determine if mechanical weed management (cultivation) and/or soil factors help to explain observed within-field distributions of feral common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). The ridges and furrows created by the ridge–tillage system adds additional microsites to existing spatial heterogeneity for soil characteristics such as soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration. Experimental areas were selected on the basis of naturally high or low SOC concentration. Cultivation resulted in 100% mortality of H. annuus …

Nebline, July 2006

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Regularly Test Private Well Drinking Water for Safety
Approved Water Testing Laboratories
Nebraska Forest Service Expert Discovers Pine Wilt Treatment
Easier Gardening
Odorous House Ant
Chiggers Not a Health Concern, But Can Make Outdoor Activities Uncomfortable
Ants in the Lawn
Bats Under Porches, Patios
Prepare to Plant Alfalfa in August
Pesticide Container Recycling Program
Apply Manure Before Seeding Alfalfa
UNL Researcher Needs Alfalfa Fields With Pocket Gophers
Planting Vegetables for Fall
Methods of Drying Flowers
Measuring Distance
Caring for Animals When Gone
Spider Mites Common Problem on Trees, Other Plants
$tretch Your Food Dollar with Fruits and Vegetables
Red, White …

Effects Of Aphid (Homoptera) Abundance And Surrounding Vegetation On The Encounter Rate Of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), And Nabidae (Hemiptera) In Alfalfa, James C. Kriz, Stephen D. Danielson, James R. Brandle, Erin E. Blankenship, Geoff M. Henebry

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Predaceous insect encounter rate was measured in 21 southeast Nebraska alfalfa fields through weekly sweep net sampling during 2002-03. The most frequently encountered predaceous insect families were Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Nabidae (Hemiptera), and Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). The study used multiple regression analysis to examine the effect of aphid abundance and the surrounding vegetative patch composition on predaceous insect abundance. In 2002, Hippodamia parenthesis Say was encountered more frequently in fields with lower aphid abundances, and Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, Coccinella septempunctata L., and Nabis americoferus Carayon were encountered more frequently in fields with higher aphid abundances. In 2003, Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer was encountered …

Nested Deletion Analysis Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Hc-Pro: Mapping Of Domains Affecting Polyprotein Processing And Eriophyid Mite Transmission, Drake C. Stenger, Gary L. Hein, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A series of in-frame and nested deletion mutations which progressively removed 5′-proximal sequences of the Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) HC-Pro coding region (1152 nucleotides) was constructed and evaluated for pathogenicity to wheat. WSMV HC-Pro mutants with 5′- proximal deletions of 12 to 720 nucleotides systemically infected wheat. Boundary sequences flanking the deletions were stable and unaltered by passage through plants for all deletion mutants except HCD12 (lacking HC-Pro codons 3–6) that exhibited strong bias for G to A substitution at nucleotide 1190 in HC-Pro codon 2 (aspartic acid to asparagine). HC-Pro mutants with 5′-proximal deletions of up to 720 …

Seasonal Changes In Dry Matter Partitioning, Yield, And Crude Protein Of Intermediate Wheatgrass And Smooth Bromegrass, Alexander J. Smart, Walter H. Schacht, Jerry D. Volesky, Lowell E. Moser

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Seasonal patterns of dry matter partitioning and nutritive value of leaf and stem components of grass species is important for selecting species for planting, planning grazing strategies, and making management decisions. Our objective was to compare dry matter yield and crude protein (CP) yield of blade, sheath, and stem fractions of intermediate wheatgrass [Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski] and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) during the growing season. Intermediate wheatgrass and smooth bromegrass were sampled on a weekly basis from 14 May to 25 June in 1997 and from 5 May to 23 June in 1998 at Lincoln, NE. …