Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Publication
-
- Journal Articles (14)
- Pediatrics Faculty Publications (11)
- Dartmouth Scholarship (8)
- Edward Yu (5)
- Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers (5)
-
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers (3)
- Journal Articles: Psychiatry (3)
- Department of Medicine Faculty Papers (2)
- Faculty Publications (2)
- Journal Articles: Epidemiology (2)
- Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications (2)
- Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications (1)
- Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers (1)
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers (1)
- Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers (1)
- Department of Surgery Faculty Papers (1)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers (1)
- Family Sciences Faculty Publications (1)
- Gyongyi Szabo (1)
- Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (1)
- Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology (1)
- Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers (1)
- Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship (1)
- Neurology Faculty Publications (1)
- Neuroscience Faculty Publications (1)
- Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Publications (1)
- Oral Health Science Faculty Publications (1)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications (1)
- Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research (1)
- Philosophy Faculty Publications (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 61 - 80 of 80
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Androgen Excess Disorders In Women: The Severe Insulin-Resistant Hyperandrogenic Syndrome, Hair-An, Kristin M. Rager, Hatim A. Omar
Androgen Excess Disorders In Women: The Severe Insulin-Resistant Hyperandrogenic Syndrome, Hair-An, Kristin M. Rager, Hatim A. Omar
Pediatrics Faculty Publications
HAIR-AN syndrome (hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, acanthosis nigricans) is a subset of the polycystic ovary syndrome, where the patients demonstrate severe insulin resistance. It is theorized that both genetic and environmental factors, such as obesity, give rise to the development of HAIR-AN. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with laboratory values lending further support. Treatment is aimed at decreasing insulin resistance, regulating ovulation, and decreasing acne, acanthosis nigricans, and hirsutism.
Competition Between The Dna Unwinding And Strand Pairing Activities Of The Werner And Bloom Syndrome Proteins, Amrita Machwe, Enerlyn M. Lozada, Liren Xiao, David K. Orren
Competition Between The Dna Unwinding And Strand Pairing Activities Of The Werner And Bloom Syndrome Proteins, Amrita Machwe, Enerlyn M. Lozada, Liren Xiao, David K. Orren
Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: The premature aging and cancer-prone Werner and Bloom syndromes are caused by defects in the RecQ helicase enzymes WRN and BLM, respectively. Recently, both WRN and BLM (as well as several other RecQ members) have been shown to possess a strand annealing activity in addition to the requisite DNA unwinding activity. Since an annealing function would appear to directly oppose the action of a helicase, we have examined in this study the dynamic equilibrium between unwinding and annealing mediated by either WRN or BLM.
RESULTS: Our investigation into the competition between annealing and unwinding demonstrates that, under standard reaction …
Cyclosporin Versus Tacrolimus For Liver Transplanted Patients, Elizabeth Haddad, Vivian Mcalister, Elizabeth Renouf, Richard Malthaner, Mette S. Kjaer, Lise Lotte Gluud
Cyclosporin Versus Tacrolimus For Liver Transplanted Patients, Elizabeth Haddad, Vivian Mcalister, Elizabeth Renouf, Richard Malthaner, Mette S. Kjaer, Lise Lotte Gluud
Surgery Publications
A systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCT) was undertaken to evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects of immunosuppression with cyclosporin versus tacrolimus for liver transplanted patients. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central and Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Registers were searched. Using fixed and random effects model, relative risk (RR), values <1 favoring>tacrolimus, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Of 717 potentially relevant references, 16 RCTs were eligible for inclusion. Mortality and graft loss at 1 year were significantly reduced in tacrolimus-treated recipients (Death: RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.99; graft loss: RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.61-0.86). Tacrolimus reduced the number of recipients …1>
Heparin Modulates The 99-Loop Of Factor Ixa: Effects On Reactivity With Isolated Kunitz-Type Inhibitor Domains, Pierre F. Neuenschwander, Stephen R. Williamson, Armen Nalian, Kimberly J. Baker-Deadmond
Heparin Modulates The 99-Loop Of Factor Ixa: Effects On Reactivity With Isolated Kunitz-Type Inhibitor Domains, Pierre F. Neuenschwander, Stephen R. Williamson, Armen Nalian, Kimberly J. Baker-Deadmond
Faculty Publications
Reactivity of factor IXa with basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor is enhanced by low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin). Previous studies by us have suggested that this effect involves allosteric modulation of factor IXa. We examined the reactivity of factor IXa with several isolated Kunitz-type inhibitor domains: basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, the Kunitz inhibitor domain of protease Nexin-2, and the first two inhibitor domains of tissue factor pathway inhibitor. We find that enhancement of factor IXa reactivity by enoxaparin is greatest for basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (>10-fold), followed by the second tissue factor pathway inhibitor domain (1.7-fold) and the Kunitz inhibitor …
Innate Antiviral Response Targets Hiv-1 Release By The Induction Of Ubiquitin-Like Protein Isg15, Atsushi Okumura, Gengshi Lu, Ian Pitha-Rowe, Paula M. Pitha
Innate Antiviral Response Targets Hiv-1 Release By The Induction Of Ubiquitin-Like Protein Isg15, Atsushi Okumura, Gengshi Lu, Ian Pitha-Rowe, Paula M. Pitha
Dartmouth Scholarship
The goal of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which type I IFN inhibits assembly and release of HIV-1 virions. Our study revealed that the IFN-induced ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 mimics the IFN effect and inhibits release of HIV-1 virions without having any effect on the synthesis of HIV-1 proteins in the cells. ISG15 expression specifically inhibited ubiquitination of Gag and Tsg101 and disrupted the interaction of the Gag L domain with Tsg101, but conjugation of ISG15 to Gag or Tsg101 was not detected. The inhibition of Gag-Tsg101 interaction was also detected in HIV-1 infected, IFN-treated cells. Elimination …
No Vaccine Against Hiv Yet--Are We Not Perfectly Equipped?, Mahender Singh
No Vaccine Against Hiv Yet--Are We Not Perfectly Equipped?, Mahender Singh
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Enormous effort has been devoted to the development of a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). But it is proving to be an unprecedented challenge to create an effective vaccine mainly due to the high genetic variability of the virus and the necessity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) for containing the infection. Currently pursued vaccine strategies appear to induce CTL in nonhuman primate models but in the early clinical trials, these strategies fail to fully control the viral infection. New strategies that can cover the vast genetic diversity of HIV are needed for the development of a potent vaccine.
Analysis Of Epstein-Barr Virus Reservoirs In Paired Blood And Breast Cancer Primary Biopsy Specimens By Real Time Pcr., R Serene Perkins, Katherine Sahm, Cindy Marando, Diana Dickson-Witmer, Gregory R Pahnke, Mark Mitchell, Nicholas J Petrelli, Irving M Berkowitz, Patricia Soteropoulos, Virginie M Aris, Stephen P Dunn, Leslie J Krueger
Analysis Of Epstein-Barr Virus Reservoirs In Paired Blood And Breast Cancer Primary Biopsy Specimens By Real Time Pcr., R Serene Perkins, Katherine Sahm, Cindy Marando, Diana Dickson-Witmer, Gregory R Pahnke, Mark Mitchell, Nicholas J Petrelli, Irving M Berkowitz, Patricia Soteropoulos, Virginie M Aris, Stephen P Dunn, Leslie J Krueger
Department of Surgery Faculty Papers
INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is present in over 90% of the world's population. This infection is considered benign, even though in limited cases EBV is associated with infectious and neoplastic conditions. Over the past decade, the EBV association with breast cancer has been constantly debated. Adding to this clinical and biological uncertainty, different techniques gave contradictory results for the presence of EBV in breast carcinoma specimens. In this study, minor groove binding (MGB)-TaqMan real time PCR was used to detect the presence of EBV DNA in both peripheral blood and tumor samples of selected patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood and breast …
Smc3 Knockdown Triggers Genomic Instability And P53-Dependent Apoptosis In Human And Zebrafish Cells., Giancarlo Ghiselli
Smc3 Knockdown Triggers Genomic Instability And P53-Dependent Apoptosis In Human And Zebrafish Cells., Giancarlo Ghiselli
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND: The structural maintenance of chromosome 3 (SMC3) protein is a constituent of a number of nuclear multimeric protein complexes that are involved in DNA recombination and repair in addition to chromosomal segregation. Overexpression of SMC3 activates a tumorigenic cascade through which mammalian cells acquire a transformed phenotype. This has led us to examine in depth how SMC3 level affects cell growth and genomic stability. In this paper the effect of SMC3 knockdown has been investigated. RESULTS: Mammalian cells that are SMC3 deficient fail to expand in a clonal population. In order to shed light on the underlying mechanism, experiments …
Classification And Risk Stratification Of Invasive Breast Carcinomas Using A Real-Time Quantitative Rt-Pcr Assay., Laurent Perreard, Cheng Fan, John F Quackenbush, Michael Mullins, Nicholas P Gauthier, Edward Nelson, Mary Mone, Heidi Hansen, Saundra S Buys, Karen Rasmussen, Alejandra Ruiz Orrico, Donna Dreher, Rhonda Walters, Joel Parker, Zhiyuan Hu, Xiaping He, Juan P Palazzo, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Aniko Szabo, Charles M Perou, Philip S Bernard
Classification And Risk Stratification Of Invasive Breast Carcinomas Using A Real-Time Quantitative Rt-Pcr Assay., Laurent Perreard, Cheng Fan, John F Quackenbush, Michael Mullins, Nicholas P Gauthier, Edward Nelson, Mary Mone, Heidi Hansen, Saundra S Buys, Karen Rasmussen, Alejandra Ruiz Orrico, Donna Dreher, Rhonda Walters, Joel Parker, Zhiyuan Hu, Xiaping He, Juan P Palazzo, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Aniko Szabo, Charles M Perou, Philip S Bernard
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
INTRODUCTION: Predicting the clinical course of breast cancer is often difficult because it is a diverse disease comprised of many biological subtypes. Gene expression profiling by microarray analysis has identified breast cancer signatures that are important for prognosis and treatment. In the current article, we use microarray analysis and a real-time quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT)-PCR assay to risk-stratify breast cancers based on biological 'intrinsic' subtypes and proliferation. METHODS: Gene sets were selected from microarray data to assess proliferation and to classify breast cancers into four different molecular subtypes, designated Luminal, Normal-like, HER2+/ER-, and Basal-like. One-hundred and twenty-three breast samples (117 invasive …
The Diagnosis Of Adrenal Insufficiency In The Critically Ill Patient: Does It Really Matter?, Paul E Marik
The Diagnosis Of Adrenal Insufficiency In The Critically Ill Patient: Does It Really Matter?, Paul E Marik
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers
The definition of what constitutes a 'normal' adrenal response to critical illness is unclear. Consequently, published studies have used a variety of biochemical criteria to define 'adrenal insufficiency'. These criteria have been based on the baseline cortisol level or the increment in cortisol following corticotropin administration. However, in critically ill patients there are a number of confounding factors that make interpretation of these tests difficult. Furthermore, in those patients who are most likely to benefit from treatment with low-dose glucocorticoids, there is no evidence that treatment should be based on adrenal function testing. In those patients in whom the diagnosis …
Cutaneous And Presumed Visceral Leishmaniasis In A Soldier Deployed To Afghanistan, James P. Woodrow, Joshua D. Hartzell, Jim Czarnik, David Brett-Major, Glenn Wortmann
Cutaneous And Presumed Visceral Leishmaniasis In A Soldier Deployed To Afghanistan, James P. Woodrow, Joshua D. Hartzell, Jim Czarnik, David Brett-Major, Glenn Wortmann
Journal Articles: Epidemiology
Leishmaniasis has been frequently diagnosed in US military personnel returning from duty in Southwest Asia. The majority of cases have demonstrated cutaneous disease, although a few cases of visceral disease have been documented. We present the case of an immunocompetent, HIV-negative, US Army soldier who suffered both visceral and cutaneous manifestations of leishmaniasis after returning from deployment in Afghanistan. Overlap of cutaneous and visceral involvement is rare and has not been reported in our cohort. Latent Plasmodium vivax infection may have been an exacerbating cofactor. We discuss this case and present a review of the literature.
Laboratory Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis In Primary Care, David Brett-Major, Thomas E. Walsh
Laboratory Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis In Primary Care, David Brett-Major, Thomas E. Walsh
Journal Articles: Epidemiology
No abstract provided.
Never Let Me Clone? Countering An Ethical Argument Against The Reproductive Cloning Of Humans, Yvette Pearson
Never Let Me Clone? Countering An Ethical Argument Against The Reproductive Cloning Of Humans, Yvette Pearson
Philosophy Faculty Publications
In the March 2006 issue of EMBO reports, Christof Tannert, a bioethicist at the Max Delbrück Research Centre in Berlin, Germany, presented a moral argument against human reproductive cloning on the basis of Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative (Tannert, 2006). In this article, I address some problems with Tannert’s views and show that our concerns about this prospective procedure should prompt us to scrutinize carefully the conventional procreative practices and attitudes. Indeed, if we set aside objections that are grounded in genetic determinism, many of the offensive features of human cloning are identical to problems with procreation by more conventional means, …
The Speciation Of Metals In Mammals Influences Their Toxicokinetics And Toxicodynamics And Therefore Human Health Risk Assessment, Robert A. Yokel, Stephen M. Lasley, David C. Dorman
The Speciation Of Metals In Mammals Influences Their Toxicokinetics And Toxicodynamics And Therefore Human Health Risk Assessment, Robert A. Yokel, Stephen M. Lasley, David C. Dorman
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
Chemical form (i.e., species) can influence metal toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics and should be considered to improve human health risk assessment. Factors that influence metal speciation (and examples) include: (1) carrier-mediated processes for specific metal species (arsenic, chromium, lead and manganese), (2) valence state (arsenic, chromium, manganese and mercury), (3) particle size (lead and manganese), (4) the nature of metal binding ligands (aluminum, arsenic, chromium, lead, and manganese), (5) whether the metal is an organic versus inorganic species (arsenic, lead, and mercury), and (6) biotransformation of metal species (aluminum, arsenic, chromium, lead, manganese and mercury). The influence of speciation on metal …
Characterization Of Hard2, A Processed Hard1 Gene Duplicate, Encoding A Human Protein N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase., Thomas Arnesen, Matthew J Betts, Frédéric Pendino, David A Liberles, Dave Anderson, Jaime Caro, Xianguo Kong, Jan E Varhaug, Johan R Lillehaug
Characterization Of Hard2, A Processed Hard1 Gene Duplicate, Encoding A Human Protein N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase., Thomas Arnesen, Matthew J Betts, Frédéric Pendino, David A Liberles, Dave Anderson, Jaime Caro, Xianguo Kong, Jan E Varhaug, Johan R Lillehaug
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND: Protein acetylation is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism regulating a variety of cellular functions. Several human protein acetyltransferases have been characterized, most of them catalyzing epsilon-acetylation of histones and transcription factors. We recently described the human protein acetyltransferase hARD1 (human Arrest Defective 1). hARD1 interacts with NATH (N-Acetyl Transferase Human) forming a complex expressing protein N-terminal alpha-acetylation activity. RESULTS: We here describe a human protein, hARD2, with 81 % sequence identity to hARD1. The gene encoding hARD2 most likely originates from a eutherian mammal specific retrotransposition event. hARD2 mRNA and protein are expressed in several human cell lines. …
Statins And The Vasculopathy Of Systemic Sclerosis: Potential Therapeutic Agents?, Chris T. Derk, Sergio A. Jimenez
Statins And The Vasculopathy Of Systemic Sclerosis: Potential Therapeutic Agents?, Chris T. Derk, Sergio A. Jimenez
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
It has been postulated that endothelial cell injury is the initiating event in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis, causing attraction, attachment, migration and infiltration of activated T-cells and subsequent production of cytokines and growth factors. As a result of the action of these cytokines and growth factors, chemoattraction of fibroblasts into the vessel wall and transdifferentiation of resident fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells into myofibroblasts occur leading to fibrosis and exaggerated collagen deposition in the vessel wall. To date, the therapeutic options for the vasculopathy of systemic sclerosis have been limited to drugs that cause vasodilation and inhibit platelet aggregation …
Interdependency Of Pharmacokinetic Parameters: A Chicken-And-Egg Problem? Not!, Reza Mehvar
Interdependency Of Pharmacokinetic Parameters: A Chicken-And-Egg Problem? Not!, Reza Mehvar
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
Pharmacokinetic (PK) software packages are widely used by scientists in different disciplines to estimate PK parameters. However, their use without a clear understanding of physiological parameters affecting the PK parameters and how different PK parameters are related to each other may result in erroneous interpretation of data. Often, mathematical relationships used for the estimation of PK parameters obscure the true physiological relationships among these parameters, prompting a discussion of which parameter came first and giving the appearance of the-chicken-and-the-egg dilemma. In this article, the author attempts to show how different PK parameters are related to physiological parameters and each other …
Construction Of Improved Temperature-Sensitive And Mobilizable Vectors And Their Use For Constructing Mutations In The Adhesin-Encoding Acm Gene Of Poorly Transformable Clinical Enterococcus Faecium Strains, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Kavindra V Singh, Barbara E Murray
Construction Of Improved Temperature-Sensitive And Mobilizable Vectors And Their Use For Constructing Mutations In The Adhesin-Encoding Acm Gene Of Poorly Transformable Clinical Enterococcus Faecium Strains, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Kavindra V Singh, Barbara E Murray
Journal Articles
Inactivation by allelic exchange in clinical isolates of the emerging nosocomial pathogen Enterococcus faecium has been hindered by lack of efficient tools, and, in this study, transformation of clinical isolates was found to be particularly problematic. For this reason, a vector for allelic replacement (pTEX5500ts) was constructed that includes (i) the pWV01-based gram-positive repAts replication region, which is known to confer a high degree of temperature intolerance, (ii) Escherichia coli oriR from pUC18, (iii) two extended multiple-cloning sites located upstream and downstream of one of the marker genes for efficient cloning of flanking regions for double-crossover mutagenesis, (iv) transcriptional terminator …
The Dynamic Proteome Of Lyme Disease Borrelia, Steven J Norris
The Dynamic Proteome Of Lyme Disease Borrelia, Steven J Norris
Journal Articles
The proteome of the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, the tick-borne agent of Lyme disease, has been characterized by two different approaches using mass spectrometry, providing a launching point for future studies on the dramatic changes in protein expression that occur during transmission of the bacterium between ticks and mammals.
Tooth-Size Discrepancy And Bolton's Ratios: A Literature Review, Othman S. A., Harradine N. W.
Tooth-Size Discrepancy And Bolton's Ratios: A Literature Review, Othman S. A., Harradine N. W.
Siti Adibah Othman
OBJECTIVES: To review the literature on Bolton's tooth-size discrepancies (TSD) with specific attention to the prevalence of TSD, and the possible influence of different classes of malocclusion, gender and racial group. Also examined were the validity of the standard deviations from Bolton's samples as an indicator of significant TSD, methods of measurement of TSD and their reproducibility. Based on the review, suggestions are made as to how future work could be improved. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Studies have reported from 20 to 30% of people with significant tooth-size anterior discrepancies and 5-14% for overall TSD. Bolton's original sample was appropriate for …