Digital Commons Network^™

Offering To Return Results To Research Participants: Attitudes And Needs Of Principal Investigators In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

PURPOSE: The offer to return a summary of results to participants after the conclusion of clinical research has many potential benefits. The authors determined current practice and attitudes and needs of researchers in establishing programs to return results to research participants.

METHODS: An Internet survey of all 236 principal investigators (PIs) of the Children's Oncology Group in May 2002 recorded PI and institutional demographics, current practice, and perceived barriers to and needs of PIs for the creation of research results programs.

RESULTS: One hundred fifty (63.8%) PIs responded. Few institutions (n = 5) had established, comprehensive programs to offer the …

Understanding Novel Therapeutic Agents For Multiple Myeloma, Joseph D. Tariman Phd

Joseph D Tariman PhD, RN, ANP-BC, FAAN

No abstract provided.

The Representation Of Four Personality Disorders By The Schedule For Nonadaptive And Adaptive Personality Dimensional Model Of Personality, Leslie C. Morey, Megan B. Warner, M. Tracie Shea, John G. Gunderson, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Andrew E. Skodol, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

This study examined the relationships of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) model of personality to 4 targeted personality disorders (PDs) in a large multisite sample of patients. Data were examined from 529 patients, who were assigned 1 of 5 primary diagnoses: borderline, schizotypal, avoidant, and obsessive–compulsive PDs and major depression without PD. Patients were administered the SNAP questionnaire and results were compared among diagnostic groups and between patient groups and nonclinical norms. Results indicated that the dimensions of the model appear to have considerable promise in differentiating normal from abnormal personality, particularly in the propensity of individuals …

Implementing Library Service Agreements: The Experience Of Australian Health Libraries, Lindsay Harris, Sue Rockliff

Lindsay Harris

There is little in the published literature on creating and implementing service agreements in libraries as distinct from reports on the outsourcing and contracting out of discrete functions or entire services. This paper examines the role of service agreements in Australian health libraries and their operation in libraries. Aspects considered are the definition of service agreements, what they are and are not, how they are developed, the scope and contents of such agreements and areas likely to cause difficulties. The experiences of Australian health libraries in the implementation of service agreements and key features in their success or failure are …

Implementing Library Service Agreements: The Experience Of Australian Health Libraries, Lindsay Harris, Susan J. Rockliff

Susan J Rockliff

There is little in the published literature on creating and implementing service agreements in libraries as distinct from reports on the outsourcing and contracting out of discrete functions or entire services. This paper examines the role of service agreements in Australian health libraries and their operation in libraries. Aspects considered are the definition of service agreements, what they are and are not, how they are developed, the scope and contents of such agreements and areas likely to cause difficulties. The experiences of Australian health libraries in the implementation of service agreements and key features in their success or failure are …

Genome-Wide Scan For Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Ldl Size And Plasma Triglyceride In Familial Hypertriglyceridemia, Melissa A. Austin, Karen L. Edwards, Stephanie A. Monks, Kent M. Koprowicz, John D. Brunzell, Arno G. Motulsky, Michael C. Mahaney, James E. Hixson

Kent M Koprowicz

No abstract provided.

Geographical And Temporal Distribution Of Human Giardiasis In Ontario, Canada., Agricola Odoi, S W. Martin, P Michel, J Holt, D Middleton, J Wilson

Agricola Odoi

BACKGROUND: Giardia is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in North America. Although information on geographical distribution of giardiasis is critical in identifying communities at high risk, little has been done in this area. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the geographical and temporal distribution of human giardiasis in Ontario in order to identify possible high risk areas and seasons. Two spatial scales of analyses and two disease measures were used with a view to identifying the best of each in assessing geographical patterns of giardiasis in Ontario. Global Moran's I and Moran Local Indicators of Spatial …

Diagnosing Patients With Tiredness In General Practice, Jenny Doust

Jenny Doust

Trying to sort out which patients have a relatively simple problem that will resolve spontaneously from those that require medical treatment and those that require urgent attention is one of the aspects of general practice that makes it interesting and challenging. Patients who present with tiredness in general practice can have any of a long list of diagnoses ranging from the trivial to the life threatening, and knowing how to determine who has which is an essential skill for competent practice.

Bioethics In Social Context, Edited By Barry Hoffmaster, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Interdisciplinary Team Collaboration, Laura Greiss Hess, Kerrie Lemons, Lesley Deprey, Cynthia Winn

Laura Greiss Hess

Axis I And Ii Disorders As Predictors Of Prospective Suicide Attempts: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Shirley Yen, M. Tracie Shea, Maria Pagano, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson, Leslie C. Morey

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

This study examined diagnostic predictors of prospectively observed suicide attempts in a personality disorder (PD) sample. During 2 years of follow-up, 58 participants (9%) reported at least 1 definitive suicide attempt. Predictors that were examined include 4 PD diagnoses and selected Axis I diagnoses (baseline and course). Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that baseline borderline personality disorder (BPD) and drug use disorders significantly predicted prospective suicide attempts. Controlling for baseline BPD diagnosis, proportional hazards analyses showed that worsening in the course of major depressive disorder (MDD) and of substance use disorders in the month preceding the attempt were also significant …

Cara Menghilangkan Gatal Di Selakangan, Caramenyembuhkan Gatalgataldiselangkangan

caramenyembuhkan gatalgataldiselangkangan

Medial-Lateral Postural Stability And Balance In Community Dwelling Women Over 40 Years Of Age, Jennifer Nitz, Nancy Low Choy, Rosemary Isles

Nancy Low Choy

Objective:
To document the change in medial–lateral balance in women aged between 40 and 80 years.

Design:
A cross-sectional study of six measures of medial–lateral balance was undertaken.

Setting:
The Betty Byrne Henderson Centre for Women and Ageing, Royal Women's Hospital, Australia.

Subjects:
Five hundred and three community-dwelling women between 40 and 80 years of age were randomly recruited from a large metropolitan region with 366 subjects admitted after applying exclusion criteria.

Measurements:
The clinical measurements included the lateral reach and step tests while laboratory measurements were gathered from the Balance Master software programs for unilateral stance and limits of …

Linkage Mapping Of The Primary Disease Locus For Collie Eye Anomaly, Jennifer Lowe, Anna Kukekova, Ewen Kirkness, Gustavo Aguirre, Mariela Langlois, Gregory Acland, Elaine Ostrander

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

Assistive Technology And Augmentative Communication, Laura Greiss Hess, Kerrie Lemons

Laura Greiss Hess

Neural Correlates Of Memories Of Abandonment In Women With And Without Borderline Personality Disorder, Christian G. Schmahl, Bernet M. Elzinga, Eric Vermetten, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan, J. Douglas Bremner

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

BACKGROUND: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common psychiatric disorder that is often linked to early stressors. One particularly salient feature of the disorder is fear of abandonment. This pilot study was conducted to measure neural correlates of memories of abandonment in women with and without BPD.

METHODS: Twenty women with a history of childhood sexual abuse underwent measurement of brain blood flow with positron emission tomography imaging while they listened to scripts describing neutral and personal abandonment events. Brain blood flow during exposure to abandonment and neutral scripts was compared among women with and without BPD.

RESULTS: Memories of …

Gender Differences In Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Dawn M. Johnson, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Cynthia L. Battle, Caron Zlotnick, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Thomas H. Mcglashan, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

A majority of the literature on borderline personality disorder (BPD) focuses on its occurrence in women or does not specifically assess for gender differences in clinical presentations. Some studies report that men with BPD may be more likely to be diagnosed with substance use disorders, as well as paranoid, passive-aggressive, narcissistic, sadistic, and antisocial personality disorders (PDs). Additionally, women with BPD appear to be more likely to report histories of adult physical and sexual abuse and to meet diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to further examine gender differences …

Input-Output Functions For Stimulus-Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions In Normal-Hearing Adult Ears, Kim Schairer, Denis F. Fitzpatrick, Douglas H. Keefe

Kim S. Schairer

Obstructive And Restrictive Lung Disease And Markers Of Inflammation: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination, David M. Mannino, Earl S. Ford, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and restrictive lung diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States 1, 2 and 3, a large proportion of the morbidity and mortality is not pulmonary (4). This raises the possibility that lung disease may be an indicator of susceptibility to the development of other diseases or may be associated with systemic inflammation that leads to other diseases 5 and 6. Previous analyses of the relation between lung function and markers of inflammation 7 and 8 have not looked at restrictive lung disease separately.

We applied spirometric criteria to define …

Multiple Luteinizing Hormone Receptor (Lhr) Protein Variants, Interspecies Reactivity Of Anti-Lhr Mab Clone 3b5, Subcellular Localization Of Lhr In Human Placenta, Pelvic Floor And Brain, And Possible Role For Lhr In The Development Of Abnormal Pregnancy, Pelvic Floor Disorders And Alzheimer's Disease, A Bukovsky, K Indrapichate, H Fujiwara, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Me Ayala, R Dominguez, Mr Caudle, J Wimalsena, Rf Elder, P Copas, Jf Foster, Ri Fernando, Dc Henley, Nb Upadhyaya

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

Distinct luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) protein variants exist due to the posttranslational modifications. Besides ovaries, LHR immunoreactivity (LHRI) was also found in other tissues, such as the brain, fallopian tube, endometrium, trophoblast and resident tissue macrophages. The 3B5 mouse monoclonal antibody was raised against purified rat LHR. In rat, porcine and human ovaries, the 3B5 identified six distinct LHR bands migrating at approximately 92, 80, 68, 59, 52 and 48 kDa. Characteristic LHRI was detected in rat, human and porcine corpora lutea. During cellular differentiation, subcellular LHR distribution changed from none to granular cytoplasmic, perinuclear, surface, nuclear and no staining. …

A Comprehensive Approach To The Analysis Of Maldi-Tof Proteomics Spectra From Serum Samples., Keith A. Baggerly, Jeffrey S. Morris, Jing Wang, David Gold, Lian-Chun Xiao, Kevin R. Coombes

Jeffrey S. Morris

For our analysis of the data from the First Annual Proteomics Data Mining Conference, we attempted to discriminate between 24 disease spectra (group A) and 17 normal spectra (group B). First, we processed the raw spectra by (i) correcting for additive sinusoidal noise (periodic on the time scale) affecting most spectra, (ii) correcting for the overall baseline level, (iii) normalizing, (iv) recombining fractions, and (v) using variable- width windows for data reduction. Also, we identified a set of polymeric peaks (at multiples of 180.6 Da) that is present in several normal spectra (B1–B8). After data processing, we found the intensities …

Tobacco Smoke Exposure And Decreased Serum And Red Blood Cell Folate Levels: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, David M. Mannino, Joseph Mulinare, Earl S. Ford, Joel Schwartz

David M. Mannino

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the effects of smoke exposure on serum and red blood cell folate levels. Data collected as part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Serum and red blood cell folate levels were measured in active smokers and nonsmokers with high, moderate, and low exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. After adjusting for dietary intake of folate and other covariates, we found that both smokers and nonsmokers with high smoke exposure had lower red blood cell folate levels than did nonsmokers with low smoke exposure (−86 nmol/l [95% confidence …

The Ethics Of Placebo-Controlled Trials, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Rehabilitating Equipoise, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

When may a physician legitimately offer enrollment in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to her patient? Two answers to this question have had a profound impact on the research ethics literature. Equipoise, as originated by Charles Fried, which we term Fried's equipoise (FE), stipulates that a physician may offer trial enrollment to her patient only when the physician is genuinely uncertain as to the preferred treatment. Clinical equipoise (CE), originated by Benjamin Freedman, requires that there exist a state of honest, professional disagreement in the community of expert practitioners as to the preferred treatment. FE and CE are widely understood …

Is The Use Of Placebo Controls Ethically Permissible In Clinical Trials Of Agents Intended To Reduce Fractures In Osteoporosis?, Baruch Brody, Nancy Dickey, Susan Ellenberg, Robert Heaney, Robert Levine, Richard O'Brien, Ruth Purtilo, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

Substantial progress has been made in developing treatments that reduce the risk of fractures in osteoporosis. However, available treatments are only partially effective, they are not widely used, and there is need to search for more effective means of fracture prevention. Currently known effective means of reducing fractures were found using randomized placebo-controlled trials. The use of placebo controls in clinical trials has been a subject of significant controversy in recent years. The Declaration of Helsinki revision of October 2000 caused great concern among clinical investigators about the future use of placebo controls if known effective therapeutic agents are available. …

Disclosure Of The Right Of Research Participants To Receive Research Results: An Analysis Of Consent Forms In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Shaureen Taweel, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

BACKGROUND: The offer of return of research results to study participants has many potential benefits. The current study examined the offer of return of research results by analyzing consent forms from 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies of the 235 institutional members of the Children's Oncology Group.

METHODS: Institutional review board (IRB)-approved consent forms from 2 standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies (Children's Cancer Group [CCG] 1991 and Pediatric Oncology Group [POG] 9407) were analyzed independently by 2 reviewers.

RESULTS: The authors received replies from 202 of the 235 institutions that were contacted (85%). One hundred eighty-one institutions had CCG 1991 (n …

Changes In Postural Stability In Women Aged 20 To 80 Years, Nancy Low Choy, Sandra Brauer, Jennifer Nitz

Nancy Low Choy

Background.
A study of postural stability was undertaken to identify the relationship between vision and support surface across age decades. Understanding when reliance on vision for postural stability emerges and the support conditions contributing to this instability may provide the evidence required to introduce falls-prevention strategies in younger age decades.

Methods.
We measured postural stability in 453 women aged 20 to 80 years using the Balance Master force-plate system while the women performed the modified Clinical Test for the Sensory Interaction and Balance (firm and foam surfaces, eyes open and closed) and the Single-Limb Stance Test (eyes open and closed). …

The Love And Belonging Healthcare Needs Of Hiv Infected African-American Men Upon Admission To An Aids Dedicated Nursing Home., Sheldon Fields

Sheldon D. Fields

The purpose of this study was to describe the love and belonging healthcare needs of HIV infected African-American men upon admission to an AIDS dedicated nursing home. Subjects were 73 (N=73) African-American men 26 to 60 years of age that were admitted to an AIDS dedicated nursing home in the Southern New England area between 1995 and 1999. Most of the men were single (n = 39) and estranged from their immediate families. Many of these men did not have a family member supportive of discharge (n = 60) and did not desire discharge back out into the community (n …

Jual Obat Gatal Selangkangan, Caramengatasigatal Padaselakanganpk01a1

caramengatasigatal padaselakanganpk01a1

The Insecure Airway: A Comparison Of Knots And Commercial Devices For Securing Endotracheal Tubes, Paris B. Lovett

Paris B Lovett

The Insecure Airway: A Comparison of Knots and Commercial Devices for Securing Endotracheal Tubes

Paris B Lovett, Alexander Flaxman, Kai Sturmann;

Beth Israel Medical Center: New York, NY, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School: Newark, NJ

Background: ETTs are commonly secured using adhesive tape, cloth tape, or commercial devices. Adhesive and cloth tape have been reported equally effective, but there has been no experimental comparison of cloth tape tied with different knots. Movement of an ETT by 3cm may be life-threatening.

Objectives: To compare rates of failure of the following methods: cloth tape tied with …