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The Bond Strength Of Adhesive Resin Cement: Time Differential Between Cementation And Finishing Of Cast Dowel-Cores, Purnima Joan Shahani

Theses and Dissertations

THE BOND STREGTH OF ADHESIVE RESIN CEMENT: TIME DIFFERENTIAL BETWEEN CEMENTATION AND FINISHING OF CAST DOWEL-CORES By Purnima Joan Shahani, D.D.S., M.S.A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Peter C. Moon, M.S., PhDDirector of VCU Dental Biomaterials LaboratoryThis study compared the retention of cast dowel-cores cemented with Panavia® 21 subjected to immediate versus delayed high-speed finishing. Conventionally, finishing is delayed for 24 hours to one week to allow for optimal setting and ultimate strength of the cement. Forty-five recently extracted human …

Utilization Of The Vacuum Form Machine: Custom Mouthguards Versus Esthetic Bleaching Trays, Jacqueline Michele Carney

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study analyzed the percentage of Virginia practitioners utilizing vacuum form machines, types of appliances recommended, and types of patient information provided.Methods: Questionnaires were constructed and mailed to 2500 dentists.Results: 80% of dentists utilized vacuum form machines, 42.5% recommended mouthguards, 60.2% recommended home bleaching trays, 37.6% provided patient information on mouthguards, 37.1% provided patient information on home bleaching trays, 16.5% inquired on patient questionnaires about mouthguard protection during contact sports,and 17.3% inquired on patient questionnaires about tooth color satisfaction.Conclusions: Dentists use vacuum form machines for home bleaching trays more than mouthguards. General dentists and pediatric dentists provide patient information …

The Effect Of Endodontic Solutions On Resorcinol-Formalin Paste In Teeth, Madelyn Gay Gambrel

Theses and Dissertations

This study determined if any of six endodontic solutions would have a softening effect on resorcinol-formalin paste in extracted teeth, and if there were any differences in the solvent action between these solutions. Forty-nine single-rooted extracted teeth were decoronated two mm coronal to the CEJ, and the roots sectioned apically to a standard length of 15 mm. Canals were prepared to a 12mm WL and a uniform size with a #7 Parapost drill. Teeth were then mounted in a cylinder ring with acrylic. The resorcinol-formalin mixture was placed into the canals and was allowed to set for 60 days in …

The Effect Of Chlorhexidine Gluconate As An Endodontic Irrigant On The Apical Seal: Long-Term Results, David B. Ferguson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%), used as an endodontic irrigating solution would affect the apical seal of three root canal cements. One hundred extracted human single-canal teeth were divided into 9 experimental groups of 10 teeth each, in addition to a positive and negative control group of 5 teeth each. The teeth were decoronated at the level of the cementoenamel junction, accessed, instrumented to a Master Apical File #50, irrigated with either sterile saline, 5.25% NaOCl or 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, and dried using paper points. Obturation was accomplished using lateral condensation and one …

Lip Profile Preferences In Varying Sagittal Mandibular Positions, Grant Gordon Coleman

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of sagittal mandibular position on preferred lip position in profile. Five androgynous silhouette profiles differing only in the degree of mandibular retro- or prognathism (-25º, -18º, -11º, -4º, & +3º facial contour angles) were created. Using a computer animation program, evaluators moved the lips independently into the position deemed to be the most esthetic for each profile. Evaluators included adolescent orthodontic patients, parents of patients, and orthodontists. In general, no differences in preferred lip position were found between the –11º & -4º profiles or between the –18º & +3º profiles, …

An In-Vitro Comparison Of The Retention Of Prefabricated Parallel-Sided Vented Titanium Posts Cemented With Three Different Dual-Polymerizable Resin Cements, Maha Mamdouh Mostafa El-Sayed

Theses and Dissertations

AbstractAN IN-VITRO COMPARISON OF THE RETENTION OF PREFABRICATED PARALLEL-SIDED VENTED TITANIUM POSTS CEMENTED WITH THREE DIFFERENT DUAL-POLYMERIZABLE RESIN CEMENTSBy Maha M. El-Sayed, B.D.S., D.M.D.A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Thesis Director: David R. Burns, D.M.D. Associate Professor and Program DirectorGraduate ProsthodonticsDepartment of ProsthodonticsPurpose: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the retentive strength of an autopolymerizing resin cement to three dual-polymerizable resin cements when used to cement paraposts without light activation and to relate diametral tensile stress and hardness as a measure …

Nursing Home Staffing Adequacy, Rehabilitation Orientation And Quality, Diana Gilroy Venskus

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The primary objective of this research is to examine how changing levels of nursing home staffing adequacy and variations in rehabilitation orientation have affected facility deficiencies and the quality of patient care as facilities responded to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997.
Data Sources: Analyses were performed using data from the On-Line Survey Certification and Reporting System (OSCAR) data from years 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001 and were merged with Area Resource File (ARF) data released in February 2001.
Study Design: Contingency strategic adaptation provides the theoretical framework for developing the effects of environmental characteristics, organizational characteristics and …

Cleaning Efficiency Of Nickel Titanium Gt And .04 Rotary Files When Used In A Torque Controlled Rotary Handpiece, Calvin Buford Suffridge

Theses and Dissertations

This study determined if the cleaning efficiency of NiTi rotary files in an endodontic electric handpiece using a no torque control setting was superior to that obtained when using the torque control feature. Fifty extracted human anterior teeth with straight canals were divided into two groups of 20 and two control groups of 5. Canals were instrumented with GT and .04 Profile NiTi files until a size 35 advanced to working length. Samples were sectioned, the apical 6 mm of the canal was photographed (x20) and projected onto a 3 x 4 foot grid with squares measuring 0.5 inches each. …

Effect Of A Desensitizing Agent And An Adhesive System On Microleakage Associated With Cast Restorations Luted With A Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement, Saleh Abdulaziz Al-Rowaieh

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study evaluated microleakage associated with cast restorations that were luted with a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RelyX) following obturation of the dentinal tubules with either a desensitizing agent (Gluma Desensitizer) or an adhesive system (Scotchbond Multipurpose Dental Adhesive). The effect of acid etching on the removal of the smear layer and its influence on the extent of microleakage associated with the adhesive system was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods: Extracted mandibular premolars (N = 48) were prepared for complete cast restorations and divided into 4 groups (N = 12). In group A ( control), neither a desensitizing agent …

Placement Of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Using Two Different Techniques, Anita Aminoshariae

Theses and Dissertations

AbstractTHE PLACEMENT OF MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE USING TWO DIFFERENT TECHNIQUESBy Anita Aminoshariae, D.D.S.A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth UniversityVirginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Gary R. Hartwell, D.D.S., M.S.Chairman and Professor, Department of EndodonticsThe purpose of this study was to determine if the adaptation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) to the walls of the samples would differ when placed into simulated root canals of varying length using two different placement and condensation methods. Hand condensation was compared to ultrasonic condensation. Eighty polyethylene tubes were divided into four groups …

Alveolar Ridge Dimension Analysis Following Socket Preservation Using Clinical Assessment And Cone Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct)., Sayward Duggan

Theses and Dissertations

AIM: Extraction of a tooth can lead to alveolar ridge resorption which can be minimized by socket preservation. The aim of this study is to analyze vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge dimensions clinically and by CBCT immediately following extraction and 3-4 months following socket preservation. METHODS: The preserved group (P) consisted of 20 patients with1-2 non-molar teeth requiring extraction with socket preservation, while the control group (C) consisted of 5 patients requiring extraction alone. An acrylic stent was fabricated presurgically in order to measure vertical and horizontal ridge dimensions clinically and radiographically immediately following extraction and 3-4 months following socket …

The Structural Response And Performance Of General Hospitals In A Managed Care Environment, Denise M. Mccollum

Theses and Dissertations

The study purpose is to link hospital structure, represented by each hospital’s professional contingent, service mix, and inpatient capacity; and its environment, characterized by the penetration of managed care enrollees. The secondary purpose is to test the relationship between hospital structural change and subsequent hospital performance.

The study employs a non-experimental panel design, with a sample of 1882 community hospitals (service type: general medical and surgical). Environmental variables are measured for the base year 1989. Hospital structural variables are measured for 1989 and 1994, with change variables computed. Performance variables are measured for 1989 and 1995, with change computed for …

Determinants Of Continuity Of Care For Persons Transitioning From State Psychiatric Facilities To Communities, Sarah P. Farrell

Theses and Dissertations

When individuals with serious mental illness are discharged to the community, continuous and coordinated care are both desirable and necessary. A lack of continuity places the individual at risk for becoming lost to further services.

This study explores continuity of care for persons discharged from state psychiatric facilities in Virginia to communities. Continuity of care is defined as the successful initiation and maintenance of face-to-face contact by CSB staff with individuals to be discharged from state hospitals, and the subsequent provision of services post-discharge. This study identifies factors that influence continuity of care, examines the degree to which these factors …

The Effect Of Pre-Emergence Gastric Aspiration On Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting Following Abdominal Surgery, Marc Alan Friedberg

Theses and Dissertations

An investigation was undertaken to determine the effect of pre-emergence gastric aspiration on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in abdominal surgery patients. Thirty female ASA I and ASA II patients were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 16) or a treatment group (n = 14). Those patients in the treatment group received pre-emergence gastric aspiration with a suction catheter; those patients in the control group did not. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was determined at various time intervals. Data were analyzed using Student's t test and the Chi-square statistic. Results indicated that there …

Nosocomial Respiratory Tract Infections Associated With The Use Of Ventilatory Support Systems: Epidemiological And Bacteriological Study Of The Effect Of Changing Breathing Circuits At 24 Or 48 Hours, Virginia Archer Lamb

Theses and Dissertations

Nosocomial (hospital-acquired) pneumonia (HAP) continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the hospital. HAP is the third most common nosocomial infection after urinary tract and surgical wound infections. In addition, HAP is the nosocomial infection with the highest mortality rate. These infections are often difficult to treat, because most are caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) that may be highly resistant to antimicrobial agents. HAPs frequently occur in intensive care patients with underlying lung and/or systemic diseases. Many patients are intubated and are on assisted ventilation. Several sources of infection associated with ventilators or respirators have been …

The Effects Of Needle Play On Pre-School Children's Anxiety Concerning Injections, Michelle Anne Belyea

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of needle play in reducing pre-school children's anxiety concerning injections. The Pre-school Observational Scale of Anxiety was used to measure the degree of anxiety experienced by the children. The hypothesis stated that there would be a significant decrease in anxiety of pre-school children who participated in needle play as compared with the anxiety scores of pre-school children who did not participate in needle play.The sample consisted of 20 pre-school children who were receiving routine health care and injections for immunizations or PPDs (purified protein derivative) at a county health department …

Differences In The Maternal Feeding Choice And The Perceived Locus Of Control, Glenda E. Stephan

Theses and Dissertations

The research question for this descriptive investigation was: Does a difference exist between the maternal feeding choice and the perceived locus of control? The investigation was conducted from September 15, 1982 until October 29, 1982 in a privately owned community hospital in Southeastern United States. Two randomly selected days per week were used for data collection.

The sample consisted of fifty Caucasian women between the ages of eighteen and thirty-four who had delivered a normal, viable, and stable infant within the past twenty-four to seventy-two hours. The sample consisted of twenty-six breast feeding and twenty-four formula feeding women.

The subjects …

Supramedullary Afferents To The Nucleus Raphe Magnus In The Rat: A Study Using Transcannula Hrp-Gel And Autoradiography Techniques, Susan Mary Carlton

Theses and Dissertations

The nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) is known to play an important role in a descending antinociceptive system through its projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn and trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. Identifying those nuclei which project to NRM is essential in determining other CNS cell groups which could influence analgesic mechanisms by virtue of their connections with NRM.

In an attempt to define NRM afferents, 19 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were stereotaxically implanted with a pellet of HRP gel within NRM and in adjacent areas. A transcannula technique was specifically developed for the subcortical placement of HRP in a gel form. Use …

An Analysis Of The Effect Of Immediate Corrective Feedback Administered As A Study Aid To Undergraduate Medical Technology Students, Constance Anne Bak

Theses and Dissertations

Twenty-six undergraduate medical technology students at Virginia Commonwealth University were provided with a Hemestasis Study Guide to use during this unit and in preparing for an exam in this area. The study guide contained fifty objective-related questions in multiple-choice format. Answers were printed in latent image and included positive reinforcement for correct selections and remediation for incorrect ones. Thus the student received immediate feedback concerning his response to each question.

An examination grade continuum was plotted for this class utilizing all exam grades in the Hematology course. A similar continuum was plotted for each of the three previous classes. (These …

Activities Of Nurse Practitioners As Identified By Medical Directors Of University Student Health Services, Candace Beaman Moore, Miriam Lee Gottlieb

Theses and Dissertations

University health services play a very important role in the general health, performance, and well-being of the students, the university itself, and the community. As stated by the American College Health Association, the goal of a university health service is to "promote and maintain those conditions which will permit and encourage each individual to realize optimum physical, emotional, intellectual, and social well-being."

University students have special health care needs such as drug and alcohol abuses, emotional problems, and gynecological, sexual, and contraceptive problems. It is the goal of the health professionals involved with students to meet those needs. Because of …

The Morphologic Changes In The Muscles Of Mastication Due To Direct Intramuscular Injection Of Lidocaine, Carbocaine, Procaine And Citanest, Kurt Elliot Friedman

Theses and Dissertations

One of the most commonly experienced symptoms in dentistry and one that is of major concern to the dentist is pain. Since pain is manifested when an environmental change occurs causing injury to responsive tissues, it is often spoken of as a protective mechanism.

Pain has been described by a variety of terms: sharp, burning, aching, cramping, dull and throbbing! (Monheim, 1969). Therefore, it is a difficult term to define. Monheim (1969) describes pain as an unpleasant sensation created by a noxious stimulus that is mediated along specific nerve pathways into the central nervous system, where it is interpreted as …

Corticospinal Fibers In A Prosimian Primate, Galago, George Edward Goode

Theses and Dissertations

The function of the central nervous system cannot be understood from inspection of a single region, for each cell and fiber has discrete connections. Therefore, a study of the nervous system requires distinct approaches. One fundamental approach has been the study of comparative neuroanatomy.

In a comparative study of the evolution of the primates and subsequently man, the investigator is confronted with a variety of animal forms. Each form represents an end product of a long vertical line of evolutionary development. The problem is to try to reconstruct the vertical line (ancestral forms) from the horizontal end products (extant forms). …

The Application Of An Index To Determine Genetic And Environhental Contributions To Dentofacial Growth In Twins And Siblings, Richard Charles Hayes

Theses and Dissertations

The method of principal components may be used to reduce a large quantity of data for an individual into a single statistic, a growth index, indicative of overall facial growth, and to make a determination of the relative contribution of each variable, as well as the genotype and the environment, to the variation between individuals, When this method is applied to four consecutive years of cephalometric and anthropometric data from each of 95 children, consisting of Caucasian and Negro monozygotic twins, like-sexed dizygotic twins, and their siblings of both sexes, it discloses that:

1. The relative contributions of the variables …