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Articles 31 - 60 of 67
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An Analysis Of Momentum Flux Budgets And Profiles In A Large-Eddy Model, Steffen Domke
An Analysis Of Momentum Flux Budgets And Profiles In A Large-Eddy Model, Steffen Domke
Theses and Dissertations
Momentum fluxes and variances play an important role in the characterization and forecast of weather phenomena, but cannot be measured easily.
A subdivision of the flux changes into budget terms by the underlying physical processes, such as buoyancy transport, can assist in understanding their sources and influences.
Momentum flux and variance budgets for SAM, the System for Atmospheric Modeling, have been implemented and are compared to existing budgets from other simulations.
A tool for the visualization of these quantities from three-dimensional grid data has been developed to show and explain their distribution in conjunction with shallow cumulus and stratocumulus clouds. …
Model-Independent Estimation Of Optimal Hedging Strategies With Deep Neural Networks, Tobias Michael Furtwaengler
Model-Independent Estimation Of Optimal Hedging Strategies With Deep Neural Networks, Tobias Michael Furtwaengler
Theses and Dissertations
Inspired by the recent paper Buehler et al. (2018), this thesis aims to investigate the optimal hedging and pricing of financial derivatives with neural networks. We utilize the concept of convex risk measures to define optimal hedging strategies without strong assumptions on the underlying market dynamics. Furthermore, the setting allows the incorporation of market frictions and thus the determination of optimal hedging strategies and prices even in incomplete markets. We then use the approximation capabilities of neural networks to find close-to optimal estimates for these strategies.
We will elaborate on the theoretical foundations of this approach and carry out implementations …
Large Scale Geometry Of Surfaces In 3-Manifolds, Hoang Thanh Nguyen
Large Scale Geometry Of Surfaces In 3-Manifolds, Hoang Thanh Nguyen
Theses and Dissertations
A compact, orientable, irreducible 3-manifold M with empty or toroidal boundary is
called geometric if its interior admits a geometric structure in the sense of Thurston. The
manifold M is called non-geometric if it is not geometric. Coarse geometry of an immersed
surface in a geometric 3-manifold is relatively well-understood by previous work of Hass,
Bonahon-Thurston. In this dissertation, we study the coarse geometry of an immersed
surface in a non-geometric 3- manifold.
The first chapter of this dissertation is a joint work with my advisor, Chris Hruska. We
answer a question of Daniel Wise about distortion of a horizontal …
Pricing Of Dependent Risks, Mark Benedikt Schultze
Pricing Of Dependent Risks, Mark Benedikt Schultze
Theses and Dissertations
In some types of insurance businesses, such as cyber or homeowners insurance, the assumption that risks are independent is violated. Because of this, the commonly used expected value premium principle does not work. Therefore, we propose different premium principles for pricing dependent risks. We derive formulas for these principles when the risks are normally distributed, pareto distributed and each risk is an aggregate loss. Furthermore, we investigate the behavior of the different premium principles related to a change in the dependence of the risks. Additionally, we examine the impact that a parameter of one risk has on the premium for …
Hermite Interpolation In The Treecode Algorithm, Benjamin St. Aubin
Hermite Interpolation In The Treecode Algorithm, Benjamin St. Aubin
Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis, a treecode implementing Hermite interpolation is constructed to approximate a summation of pairwise interactions on large data sets. Points are divided into a hierarchical tree structure and the interactions between points and well-separated clusters are approximated by interpolating the kernel function over the cluster. Performing the direct summation takes O(N^2) time for system size N, and evidence is presented to show the method presented in this paper scales with O(N logN) time. Comparisons between this method and existing ones are made, highlighting the relative simplicity and adaptability of this process. Parallelization of the computational step is implemented …
Stability Analysis For The Equilibria Of A Monkeypox Model, Rachel Elizabeth Tewinkel
Stability Analysis For The Equilibria Of A Monkeypox Model, Rachel Elizabeth Tewinkel
Theses and Dissertations
Monkeypox virus was first identified in 1958 and has since been an ongoing problem in Central and Western Africa. Although the smallpox vaccine provides partial immunity against monkeypox, the number of cases has greatly increased since the eradication of smallpox made its vaccination unnecessary. Although studied by epidemiologists, monkeypox has not been thoroughly studied by mathematicians to the extent of other serious diseases. Currently, to our knowledge, only three mathematical models of monkeypox have been proposed and studied. We present the first of these models, which is related to the second, and discuss the global and local asymptotic stability of …
Existence And Classification Of Solutions To Nonlinear Elliptic Equations, Haseeb E. Ansari
Existence And Classification Of Solutions To Nonlinear Elliptic Equations, Haseeb E. Ansari
Theses and Dissertations
The so-called Lane-Emden equation is a model in astrophysics, useful to problems in analysis and conformal geometry, and is closely related to the Yamabe Problem and the Uniformization Theorem. We discuss several important results for the equation, which include proving that the equation admits a distribution solution if and only if p is greater than the Serrin exponent, that classical solutions admit the form of a "bubble function" if p is equal to the Sobolev exponent, and no classical solutions exist for p less than the Sobolev exponent. A new proof of an extended result is also included.
Pm2.5 Data Reliability And Air Quality Improvement Trends In Beijing, Huimin Li
Pm2.5 Data Reliability And Air Quality Improvement Trends In Beijing, Huimin Li
Theses and Dissertations
PM2.5 has been a main environmental concern due to its adverse effects on human health and society. We used data from two sources: monitoring station of the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, and several nearby monitoring stations of the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection. This study includes investigating (1) PM2.5 historical data reliability, (2) PM2.5 real-time data reliability, and (3) air quality improvement trends in Beijing over the past decade. We used graphical methods, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and inferential analyses including paired samples t-test, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test. We reported effect sizes to aid study on practical significance. Inferential procedures' …
Weighted Aggregation Methods For Linear And Nonlinear Cluster Analysis With Applications To Cancer Research, Meshal Shutaywi
Weighted Aggregation Methods For Linear And Nonlinear Cluster Analysis With Applications To Cancer Research, Meshal Shutaywi
Theses and Dissertations
Due to advancements in data acquisition, large amount of data are collected on a daily basis. Analysis of the collected data is an important task to discover the patterns, extract the features, and make informed decisions. A vital step in data analysis is dividing the subjects (elements, individuals) in different groups based on their similarities. One way to group the subjects is clustering. Clustering methods can be divided into two categories, linear and non-linear. K-means is a commonly used linear clustering method, while Kernel K-means is a non-linear technique. Kernel K-means projects the elements to a new space using a …
Integrated Representation And Discrimination Models For Functional Data Classification, Rana Haber
Integrated Representation And Discrimination Models For Functional Data Classification, Rana Haber
Theses and Dissertations
The modus operandi for machine learning is to map functional data to numerical summaries, filter the data, and/or subject it to global signature extractions with the objecive of building robust feature vectors that uniquely characterize each function and then proceed with training algorithms that seek to optimally partition the feature space S ⊂ Rn into labeled regions. This holds true even when the original data are functional in nature, i.e. curves or surfaces that inherently vary over a continuum such as time or space. Functional data are often reduced to summary statistics, locally-sensitive features, and global signatures with the objective …
Two-Stage Mixed Integer Stochastic Programming And Its Application To Bond Portfolio Optimization, Nasser Aedh Alreshidi
Two-Stage Mixed Integer Stochastic Programming And Its Application To Bond Portfolio Optimization, Nasser Aedh Alreshidi
Theses and Dissertations
We consider a two-stage stochastic bond portfolio optimization problem, where an investor aims to optimize the cost of bond portfolio under different scenarios while ensuring predefined liabilities during a given planning horizon. The investor needs to optimally decide whether to buy, hold, or sell bonds based upon present market conditions under different scenarios and varying assumptions, where the scenarios are determined based on interest rates and buying prices of the bonds. Three stochastic integer programming models are proposed and applied to real-data from Saudi Sukuk (Bond) Market. The case-study results demonstrate the varying optimal decisions made to manage bond portfolio …
Multi-Class Logical Analysis Of Data With Relaxed Patterns And Its Extension To Survival Analysis, Travaughn Coren Bain
Multi-Class Logical Analysis Of Data With Relaxed Patterns And Its Extension To Survival Analysis, Travaughn Coren Bain
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation builds on a previously successful optimization based linear program multi-class classification method, called Logical Analysis of Data (LAD), and improves its generalization capability by introducing relaxed constraint modifications and then further extends and applies it to Survival Analysis. First, we propose the relaxed modifications onto the constraints of the mixed integer linear program (MILP) in the pattern generation phase of LAD. Our modifications are aimed at minimizing the degree of over-fitting to noise, allowing for added flexibility to widen the solution space in hopes to discover more robust classification rules. The proposed method introduces relaxed homogeneity and minimum …
Identification Of Parameters In Systems Biology, Roby Poteau
Identification Of Parameters In Systems Biology, Roby Poteau
Theses and Dissertations
Systems Biology is an actively emerging interdisciplinary area between biology and applied mathematics, based on the idea of treating biological systems as a whole entity which is more than the sum of its interrelated components. One of the major goals of systems biology is to reveal, understand, and predict such properties through the development of mathematical models based on experimental data. In many cases, predictive models of systems biology are described by large systems of nonlinear differential equations. Quantitative identification of such systems requires the solution of inverse problems on the identification of parameters of the system. This dissertation explores …
Parametric Methods For Analysis Of Survival Times With Applications To Organ Transplantation, Farag Hamad
Parametric Methods For Analysis Of Survival Times With Applications To Organ Transplantation, Farag Hamad
Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, we have two main objectives. First, we introduce a hybrid method to model hazard function. Different approaches have been used for modeling survival times including parametric, semi-parametric, and non-parametric models. Non-parametric and semi-parametric models are commonly used for survival time analysis due to their flexibility. However, the parametric models are in high demand because of their predictive power. A challenging task is to extend semi-parametric methods and design full parametric models for analysis of survival times by estimating a set of unknown parameters. In the proposed method, the nonparametric estimate of the survival function by Kaplan Meier …
Ensemble Correlation Coefficient For Variable Association Detection, Wejdan Deebani
Ensemble Correlation Coefficient For Variable Association Detection, Wejdan Deebani
Theses and Dissertations
Subjects in a population are represented by their characteristics, and the characteristics are represented by variables. Identifying the relationship between these variables is essential for prediction, hypothesis testing, and decision making. The relation between two variables is often quantified using a correlation factor. Once correlations between response and independent variables are known, they can be used to make predictions regarding response variables. That is, if two variables are correlated, by observing one, we can make predictions about the other one. A more accurate prediction can be made where there is a strong relationship between variables. Several correlation factors have been …
A New Characterization Of V-Posets, Peter Gartland
A New Characterization Of V-Posets, Peter Gartland
Theses and Dissertations
In 2016, Hasebe and Tsujie gave a recursive characterization of the set of induced N -free and bowtie-free posets; Misanantenaina and Wagner studied these orders fur- ther, naming them “V-posets”. Here we offer a new characterization of V-posets by introducing a property we refer to as autonomy. A poset P is said to be autonomous if there exists a directed acyclic graph D (with adjacency matrix U ) whose transitive closure is P, with the property that any total ordering of the vertices of D so that Gaussian elimination of UT U proceeds without row swaps is a …
Exponential Stability Of Intrinsically Stable Dynamical Networks And Switched Networks With Time-Varying Time Delays, David Patrick Reber
Exponential Stability Of Intrinsically Stable Dynamical Networks And Switched Networks With Time-Varying Time Delays, David Patrick Reber
Theses and Dissertations
Dynamic processes on real-world networks are time-delayed due to finite processing speeds and the need to transmit data over nonzero distances. These time-delays often destabilize the network's dynamics, but are difficult to analyze because they increase the dimension of the network.We present results outlining an alternative means of analyzing these networks, by focusing analysis on the Lipschitz matrix of the relatively low-dimensional undelayed network. The key criteria, intrinsic stability, is computationally efficient to verify by use of the power method. We demonstrate applications from control theory and neural networks.
On The Characteristic Polynomial Of A Hypergraph, Gregory J. Clark
On The Characteristic Polynomial Of A Hypergraph, Gregory J. Clark
Theses and Dissertations
We consider the computation of the adjacency characteristic polynomial of a uniform hypergraph. Computing the aforementioned polynomial is intractable, in general; however, we present two mechanisms for computing partial information about the spectrum of a hypergraph as well as a methodology (and in particular, an algo- rithm) for combining this information to determine complete information about said spectrum. The first mechanism is a generalization of the Harary-Sachs Theorem for hypergraphs which yields an explicit formula for each coefficient of the characteristic polynomial of a hypergraph as a weighted sum over a special family of its subgraphs. The second is a …
Regular Fibrations Over The Hawaiian Earring, Stewart Mason Mcginnis
Regular Fibrations Over The Hawaiian Earring, Stewart Mason Mcginnis
Theses and Dissertations
We present a family of fibrations over the Hawaiian earring that are inverse limits of regular covering spaces over the Hawaiian earring. These fibrations satisfy unique path lifting, and as such serve as a good extension of covering space theory in the case of nonsemi-locally simply connected spaces. We give a condition for when these fibrations are path-connected.
An Examination Of Kinetic Monte Carlo Methods With Application To A Model Of Epitaxial Growth, Dylana Ashton Wilhelm
An Examination Of Kinetic Monte Carlo Methods With Application To A Model Of Epitaxial Growth, Dylana Ashton Wilhelm
Theses and Dissertations
Through the assembly of procedural information about physical processes, the kinetic Monte Carlo method offers a simple and efficient stochastic approach to model the temporal evolution of a system. While suitable for a variety of systems, the approach has found widespread use in the simulation of epitaxial growth. Motivated by chem- ically reacting systems, we discuss the developments and elaborations of the kinetic Monte Carlo method, highlighting the computational cost associated with realizing a given algorithm. We then formulate a solid-on-solid bond counting model of epitax- ial growth which permits surface atoms to advance the state of the system through …
On The Generators Of Quantum Dynamical Semigroups, Alexander Wiedemann
On The Generators Of Quantum Dynamical Semigroups, Alexander Wiedemann
Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, digraph induced generators of quantum dynamical semigroups have been introduced and studied, particularly in the context of unique relaxation and invariance. We define the class of pair block diagonal generators, which allows for additional interaction coefficients but preserves the main structural properties. Namely, when the basis of the underlying Hilbert space is given by the eigenbasis of the Hamiltonian (for example the generic semigroups), then the action of the semigroup leaves invariant the diagonal and off-diagonal matrix spaces. In this case, we explicitly compute all invariant states of the semigroup.
In order to define this class we …
Classification Of Non-Singular Cubic Surfaces Up To E-Invariants, Mohammed Alabbood
Classification Of Non-Singular Cubic Surfaces Up To E-Invariants, Mohammed Alabbood
Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis, we use the Clebsch map to construct cubic surfaces with twenty-seven lines in PG(3, q) from 6 points in general position in PG(2, q) for q = 17, 19, 23, 29, 31. We classify the cubic surfaces with twenty-seven lines in three dimensions (up to e- invariants) by introducing computational and geometrical procedures for the classi- fication. All elliptic and hyperbolic lines on a non-singular cubic surface in PG(3, q) for q = 17, 19, 23, 29 …
Successful Pressing Sequences In Simple Pseudo-Graphs, Hays Wimsatt Whitlatch
Successful Pressing Sequences In Simple Pseudo-Graphs, Hays Wimsatt Whitlatch
Theses and Dissertations
Motivated by the study of genomes evolving by reversals, the primary topic of this thesis is “successful pressing sequences” in simple pseudo-graphs. Pressing sequences where first introduced by Hannenhali and Pevzner in 1999 where they showed that sorting signed permutation problem can be solved in polynomial time, therefore demonstrating that the length of a most parsimonious solution to the genome in- version only rearrangement problem can be determined efficiently.
A signed permutation is an integer permutation where each entry is given a sign: plus or minus. A reversal in a signed permutation is the operation of reversing a subword and …
Dynamical Entropy Of Quantum Random Walks, Duncan Wright
Dynamical Entropy Of Quantum Random Walks, Duncan Wright
Theses and Dissertations
In this manuscript, we study discrete-time dynamics of systems that arise in physics and information theory, and the measure of disorder in these systems known as dy- namical entropy. The study of dynamics in classical systems is done from two distinct viewpoints: random walks and dynamical systems. Random walks are probabilistic in nature and are described by stochastic processes. On the other hand, dynami- cal systems are described algebraically and deterministic in nature. The measure of disorder from either viewpoint is known as dynamical entropy.
Entropy is an essential notion in physics and information theory. Motivated by the study of …
A Development Of Transfer Entropy In Continuous-Time, Christopher David Edgar
A Development Of Transfer Entropy In Continuous-Time, Christopher David Edgar
Theses and Dissertations
The quantification of causal relationships between time series data is a fundamen- tal problem in fields including neuroscience, social networking, finance, and machine learning. Amongst the various means of measuring such relationships, information- theoretic approaches are a rapidly developing area in concert with other methods. One such approach is to make use of the notion of transfer entropy (TE). Broadly speaking, TE is an information-theoretic measure of information transfer between two stochastic processes. Schreiber’s 2001 definition of TE characterizes information transfer as an informational divergence between conditional probability mass func- tions. The original definition is native to discrete-time stochastic processes …
Analyzing A Method To Determine The Utility Of Adding A Classification System To A Sequence For Improved Accuracy, Kevin S. Pamilagas
Analyzing A Method To Determine The Utility Of Adding A Classification System To A Sequence For Improved Accuracy, Kevin S. Pamilagas
Theses and Dissertations
Frequently, ensembles of classification systems are combined into a sequence in order to better enhance the accuracy in classifying objects of interest. However, there is a point in which adding an additional system to a sequence no longer enhances the system as either the increase in operational costs exceeds the benefit of improvements in classification or the addition of the system does not increase accuracy at all. This research will examine a utility measure to determine the valid or invalid nature of adding a classification system to a sequence of such systems based on the ratio of the change in …
Harmonic Equiangular Tight Frames Comprised Of Regular Simplices, Courtney A. Schmitt
Harmonic Equiangular Tight Frames Comprised Of Regular Simplices, Courtney A. Schmitt
Theses and Dissertations
An equiangular tight frame (ETF) is a sequence of equal-norm vectors in a Euclidean space whose coherence achieves equality in the Welch bound, and thus yields an optimal packing in a projective space. A regular simplex is a simple type of ETF in which the number of vectors is one more than the dimension of the underlying space. More sophisticated examples include harmonic ETFs, which are formed by restricting the characters of a finite abelian group to a difference set. Recently, it was shown that some harmonic ETFs are themselves comprised of regular simplices. In this thesis, we continue the …
Piezoelectric Sensor Crack Detection On Airframe Systems, Kevin J. Lin
Piezoelectric Sensor Crack Detection On Airframe Systems, Kevin J. Lin
Theses and Dissertations
In 2008, the Department of Defense published a guidebook for a methodology named Condition-Based Maintenance Plus (CBM+) which capabilities include improving productivity, shortening maintenance cycles, lowering costs, and increasing availability and reliability. This push replaces existing inspection criteria, often conducted as non-destructive testing (NDT), with structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. The SHM system addressed utilizes guided Lamb waves generated by piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) to detect the existence, size, and location of damage from through-thickness cracks around a rivet hole. The SHM field lacks an experiment testing how small changes in receiver sensor distances affect damage detection. In addition, …
Schlieren Imaging And Flow Analysis On A Cone/Flare Model In The Afrl Mach 6 Ludwieg Tube Facility, David A. Labuda
Schlieren Imaging And Flow Analysis On A Cone/Flare Model In The Afrl Mach 6 Ludwieg Tube Facility, David A. Labuda
Theses and Dissertations
High-speed Schlieren photography was utilized to visualize flow in the Air Force Research Laboratory Mach 6 Ludwieg tube facility. A 7° half-angle cone/flare model with variable nosetip radius and flare angle options was used in the study. Testing was performed at two driver tube pressures, generating freestream Reynolds numbers of 10.0x106 and 19.8x106 per meter. The variable-angle flare portion of the model provided a method for adjusting the intensity of the adverse pressure gradient at the cone/flare junction. As expected from existing literature, boundary layer separation along the cone frustum occurred further upstream as the magnitude of the …
Wall Model Large Eddy Simulation Of A Diffusing Serpentine Inlet Duct, Ryan J. Thompson
Wall Model Large Eddy Simulation Of A Diffusing Serpentine Inlet Duct, Ryan J. Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
The modeling focus on serpentine inlet ducts (S-duct), as with any inlet, is to quantify the total pressure recovery and ow distortion after the inlet, which directly impacts the performance of a turbine engine fed by the inlet. Accurate prediction of S-duct ow has yet to be achieved amongst the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community to improve the reliance on modeling reducing costly testing. While direct numerical simulation of the turbulent ow in an S-duct is too cost prohibitive due to grid scaling with Reynolds number, wall-modeled large eddy simulation (WM-LES) serves as a tractable alternative. US3D, a hypersonic research …