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Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi
Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Results from 26 trials comparing fermentation, dry matter (DM) recovery, and effects on cattle performance of inoculated or nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)-treated silages vs. controls were summarized using paired t-test analysis. Inoculants consistently improved fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, feed conversion, and gain per ton of crop ensiled in both corn and forage sorghum silages. The use of NPN, particularly urea or anhydrous ammonia, adversely affected fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, avg daily gain, and gain per ton of crop ensiled, particularly for the higher moisture forage sorghums.
Evaluation Of Inoculant-Treated Corn Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, D.G. Tiemann, R.N. Sonon, R.A. Hart, B. Dalke, J.T. Dickerson, C. Lin
Evaluation Of Inoculant-Treated Corn Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, D.G. Tiemann, R.N. Sonon, R.A. Hart, B. Dalke, J.T. Dickerson, C. Lin
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Whole-plant corn silages treated with either Pioneer 1174® or Biotal® inoculants were preserved more efficiently than control silages. They had slightly higher dry matter (DM) recoveries; more lactic acid; higher lactic to acetic acid ratios; and less acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen. Laboratory silo results showed that both inoculated silages produced lactic acid faster than control silages during the first 7 days and had more desirable fermentation profiles at the end of 90 days. Applying 5 or 10 times the recommended rate of Biotal inoculant had only a small and nonsignificant effect on rate and efficiency of fermentation. Yearling steers …
Evaluation Of Interseeded Grain Sorghum And Soybeans As A Silage Crop (1992), L.H. Harbers, K.K. Bolsen, H. Hartadi
Evaluation Of Interseeded Grain Sorghum And Soybeans As A Silage Crop (1992), L.H. Harbers, K.K. Bolsen, H. Hartadi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Dry matter yield of grain sorghum alone averaged more than 1.0 ton per acre higher than that of intercropped grain sorghum-soybeans in both 1988 and 1989. All silage yields were lower in 1989 because of drought. Grain sorghum silage had less NDF and ADF, but intercropped silages had over 4 percentage units more crude protein. Digestibility coefficients for crude protein, NDF, and ADF tended to favor intercropped silages, but yearling steer performance favored grain sorghum silage. Studies over 4 years (1986 to 1989) suggest that intercropping might be more beneficial for dairy cattle producers than beef producers.
Evaluation Of 20 Corn Hybrids For Silage Agronomic Characteristics (1992), R.N. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen
Evaluation Of 20 Corn Hybrids For Silage Agronomic Characteristics (1992), R.N. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty corn hybrids were grown under irrigation and harvested at 90 % of the kernel milk line. Hybrid had a significant effect on plant height, whole-plant dry matter (DM) and DM yield, grain yield, stover yield, and plant part proportions. The highest whole-plant DM (45.9%) was for Cargill 7997, whereas the lowest was for Cargill 4327 (30.1%). Cargill 8427 and Pioneer 3245 had the highest wholeplant DM and grain yields, whereas Cargill 4327 was lowest. Grain yield and the percentage of grain in the whole-plant DM increased as the plant height increased.
Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Succession During The Pre-Ensiling And Ensiling Periods Of Alfalfa And Corn (1992), Chunjian Lin, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Succession During The Pre-Ensiling And Ensiling Periods Of Alfalfa And Corn (1992), Chunjian Lin, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty three species and 306 strains of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were found for two cuttings of alfalfa, each harvested at three stages of maturity, and three whole-plant corn hybrids. Epiphytic LAB counts were low and variable on the standing crops, particularly on alfalfa. Wilting increased LAB numbers slightly for alfalfa, but the chopping process increased counts dramatically for both crops. Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium, and E. faecalis were predominant on both standing crops. The changes in LAB caused by wilting or chopping were mainly proportional changes in the four dominant species. Once the crops were ensiled, …
Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health (1992), Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah
Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health (1992), Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Trace mineral nutrition is important to production efficiency and animal health. Trace mineral imbalances may be the roots of many diagnosed or undiagnosed problems in a herd. The low cost of a complete mineral analysis when compared to production losses encourages its use in the evaluation of any bovine herd in which trace mineral imbalances are suspected. A systematic gathering of information on mineral intake, antagonist intake, and serum and tissue values is necessary in order to make a diagnosis and a rational treatment decision. It is important to understand the complex interactions between minerals so that supplementation with one …
Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle (1992), M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi
Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle (1992), M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether level or source of energy and protein supplementation would reduce the incidence or severity of clinical toxicity in cattle fed forages high in nitrate (NO3). Heavily fertilized sudan hay with 40,000 to 50,000 ppm NO3 was fed in both experiments. The percentage of total blood hemoglobin converted to methemoglobin by nitrate was used to compare treatment effectiveness. Energy supplementation at levels tested in Exp. 1 had no effect on methemoglobin concentration. In Exp. 2, all protein sources (wheat midds, urea, soybean meal) reduced the maximum methemoglobin levels and increased the rate of reconversion …
Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from the 207 crossbred steers used in this study indicate that when calves are placed in the feedlot on a finishing ration at weaning, they will have better feed efficiencies, greater lifetime ADGs, lighter carcass weights, and equal carcass qualities compared to those placed as yearlings. In recent times, heavy carcass weights have been rather common in the industry. Every over-weight steer had a desirable weight at one time, and this study shows that they would have produced a desirable carcass if managed correctly.
Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain (1992), F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain (1992), F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two field trials were conducted to compare two different band-castration techniques with surgical castration of calves and yearlings. In Trial I, the bull calves were surgically castrated or banded with Elastrator® rubber rings and compared with calves purchased as steers. Purchased steers gained faster (P<.05) during the 33-day receiving trial than bulls castrated by either method, but no difference was observed in percentage of sick calves. In Trial II, yearling bulls were surgically castrated or banded with the EZE® Bloodless Castrator device. Yearlings purchased as steers gained faster (P<.05) than EZE-castrated bulls during the 110-day trial. Bulls castrated by either method required more medications (P<.07) than steers. In both trials, there was no advantage to banding compared with surgical castration of bulls in terms of gain or health.
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle (1992), M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle (1992), M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heritabilities and genetic correlations for ultrasound-measured ribeye area and fat thickness, as well as growth traits and scrotal circumference, were determined using performance records of 1613 Brangus calves born from 1987 to 1990. Moderate heritabilities of .39 for weaning and .40 for yearling ultrasound- measured ribeye area indicate that selection to change these traits should be effective. The positive, and generally large, genetic correlations between ultrasound-measured ribeye areas and growth traits indicate that genetic change of these traits can be made in tandem. The low heritability (.14) of fat thickness, the small amount of fat, and the lack of variation …
Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred thirteen pregnant Hereford x Angus cows were used to study the effect of increasing levels of supplemental alfalfa hay on performance when grazing winter bluestem range. Although no differences were observed in reproductive performance, increasing the amount supplemental alfalfa from approximately .5% up to 1.0% of body weight resulted in increased weight gain and reduced condition loss in cows and increased weaning weight in calves. However, time spent grazing was significantly decreased in those groups receiving larger amounts of supplemental alfalfa.
Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder
Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Factors affecting western Kansas fed cattle prices during May through November 1990 were investigated. In particular, the impact of changes in captive cattle supplies on cash prices was examined. The term captive cattle supplies refers to cattle procured by a packer well in advance of slaughter. Captive supplies take one of three forms: 1) packer-owned cattle, 2) cattle procured on forward contracts, and 3) cattle procured under formula price (or marketing) agreements. Captive supplies were defined as cattle procured under forward contracts or formula price agreements, because data on packer-owned cattle were unavailable. Over the May through November 1990 period …
Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To evaluate effects and potential interaction of supplemental fat (0 to 4% tallow) and monensin (0, 20, 40 g/ton) in a corn-based finishing diet, 96 Continental crossbred steers (860 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged randomized complete block design. Consumption by steers fed the 0% fat diet decreased linearly (P<.0001) with increased monensin level, whereas consumption by steers fed 4% fat diets decreased curvilinearly (P<.08), indicating that monensin depressed intake much less when the diet contained fat. Daily gain decreased linearly (P<.02) with increased monensin level for steers fed no supplemental fat, but remained constant in steers fed 4% fat. Feed efficiency was improved (P<.025) by 4% fat across levels of monensin. This study provides further evidence of interactions between monensin and supplemental fat in effects on animal performance.
Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran
Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To determine the effect of deworming fallborn yearling heifers on reproductive parameters, 78 heifers were allotted to a either Ivomec® or control treatments. The heifers were dewormed in June and October when they were approximately 7 and 11 months old, respectively. Ivomec effectively lowered fecal egg counts from treated heifers compared to controls. In these heifers that were maintained on a marginal plane of nutrition, deworming not only improved weight gains but also hastened onset of puberty and improved conception rate during a 60-day breeding season. The positive effect of Ivomec on these reproductive characteristics could not be explained by …
Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets For Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets For Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred-eighty British crossbred steers (760 lb) were used in a 3x2 factorially arranged experiment to evaluate the main effects of alfalfa form (chopped hay, dehydrated pellets, or a 50:50 mixture of hay:dehy) and level (5 or 10% of diet DM) on finishing steer performance. Alfalfa (third-cutting, 23.9% CP) was harvested in alternate rows from a common field. No interactions between alfalfa form and level were detected. Steers fed chopped hay or the 50:50 mixture gained faster (P<.05), consumed more feed (P<.05), and had heavier final and carcass weights (P<.05) than steers fed dehy pellets. Steers fed 10% alfalfa gained faster (P<.05), consumed more feed (P<.0003), and had heavier carcass weights (P<.02) vs those fed 5% alfalfa. Feed efficiency was unaffected by alfalfa form or level. Lower feed intakes and numerically higher incidences of liver abscesses indicated less ruminal tactile stimulation and more subacute acidosis for dehy pellets vs hay or the 50:50 mixture and for 5 vs 10% alfalfa, respectively. Positive associative responses of 5.1% (P = .07) on daily gain and 2.9% (P = .11) on dry matter intake suggested that the 50:50 mixture provided enough long particles for adequate rumen function at the alfalfa levels studied. Our results suggests more dehy pellets than chopped hay must be fed to provide similar roughage value.