Digital Commons Network^™

Colloidal Gold Labelling Of Fibrinogen Receptors In Epinephrine – And Adp–Activated Platelet Suspensions, J. A. Oliver, R. M. Albrecht

Scanning Microscopy

It has been generally accepted for over twenty years that epinephrine stimulates platelet aggregation without inducing shape change. However, it has been recently reported that discoid platelets are not recruited into ADP-or epinephrine-stimulated aggregates. Previous work in our laboratory has suggested that platelet shape change is necessary for the binding of fibrinogen to its surface receptor, which is a prerequisite for platelet aggregation. These studies seem to indicate that epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation does involve shape change. To investigate this possibility, the extent of shape change and fibrinogen binding in suspensions of epinephrine-and ADP-activated and control platelets was assessed by scanning …

Light And Electron Microscopic Localization Of Glycoconjugates With Gold-Labeled Reagents, J. Roth

Scanning Microscopy

This paper gives an overview of the use of lectins, glycoproteins, monoclonal anticarbohydrate antibodies, toxins, and glycosyltransferases for the detection and localization of cellular glycoconjugates in sections from embedded tissues by light and electron microscopy. In all these techniques particles of colloidal gold were used as a marker. For light microscopic studies routine conditions of embedding such as paraffin or Epon embedding could be employed. For electron microscopic studies the low temperature embedding technique using Lowicryl K4M was found to be the method of choice for the localization of sugar residues in intracellular compartments, the extracellular matrix and the plasma …

Scanning Electron Microscopy Study Of Particles Generated By Laser Damage Of Aluminum Surfaces, L. L. Levenson, S. D. Traynor, G. A. Brost, F. Ziembo

Scanning Microscopy

A high intensity iodine laser (1.315 μm wavelength) was used to study laser-surface damage in vacuum. A 22mm diameter laser beam containing 3.9 J of energy was focused to a 1 mm spot on an aluminum plate mounted in a vacuum chamber. The laser pulse width was 7 μs (FWHM). A copper strip mounted on a quarter circle plate 3.5 cm from the laser spot was used to collect particles ejected from the surface. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to measure the size and spatial distribution of the particles collected on the copper strip. It was found that …

The Scanning Electron Microscopy/Replica Technique And Recent Applications To The Study Of Fossil Bone, Timothy G. Bromage

Scanning Microscopy

The SEM/replica technique employs high resolution replica materials in order to reflect microstructural details of specimens, such as fossil bones, which cannot be observed directly. The described technique is simple, provides excellent resolution, is maximally adaptable to field and laboratory settings, and is applicable to large and topographically complex bone surfaces. The advent of the technique has made it largely possible to address certain issues in anthropology and paleontology. These contributions have principally been concerned with taphonomy as the study of the bone damage process, and bone biology as it relates to bone growth remodeling processes characterizing the facial growth …

Quantitative Analysis Of Occlusal Microwear In Australopithecus And Paranthropus, Frederick E. Grine

Scanning Microscopy

Quantitative analysis of microwear features preserved on the occlusal surfaces of the M²s of southern African specimens of Australopithecus and Paranthropus (the so-called 'gracile' and 'robust' australopithecines) reveals that there is no striking relationship in either taxon between occlusal facet inclination and the incidence of wear features. Within each taxon, Phase I and Phase II facets tend to differ in a similar manner in the total number of wear features, the percentage frequency of pitting, and in the orientation of wear scratches. Nevertheless, Paranthropus molars tend to display significantly greater numbers of microwear features on both Phase I …

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Early Dinosaur Egg Shell Structure: A Comparison With Other Rigid Sauropsid Eggs, Frederick E. Grine, James W. Kitching

Scanning Microscopy

Fossil eggs attributable to dinosaur (probably prosauropod) parentage that have been recovered from the early Jurassic Elliot Formation sediments at the Rooidraai locality possess shells that are similar to those of birds and crocodilians, and distinctly unlike those of chelonians and gekkonids. The preserved shell is very thin, and distinct mammillary processes are lacking, although the inner surface displays an undulating contour. The absence of these processes may be attributable to the inner portion of the shell having been at least partially decalcified during incubation and not preserved in the fossil state. The shells appear to be composed of broadly …

Analysis Of Primate Dental Microwear Using Image Processing Techniques, Richard F. Kay

Scanning Microscopy

This paper introduces Fourier transformation as a rapid, replicable means for characterizing and distinguishing patterns of microscopic wear on primate teeth. The two-dimensional power spectra obtained from numerical Fourier transformation are shown to be different between two test patterns, one of which is composed of linear features and the other of randomly-spaced dots. A comparison is made, using Fourier transformation, of dental microwear patterns of small samples of two primate species, Ateles geoffroyi, the spider monkey, and Chiropotes satanas, the bearded saki. Ateles, with a scratch-dominated pattern of microwear, has a Fourier transform resembling that of the …

Morphological Characterization Of Materials Using Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy (Lvsem), Jesse Hefter

Scanning Microscopy

The use of lower energy (0.5 to 10 keV) electron beams in the scanning electron microscope (LVSEM) provides a number of advantages in the imaging of materials, including increased topographic contrast and reduced specimen charging. Application of LVSEM to materials analysis was difficult in the past due to a number of instrumental difficulties, including low gun brightness, the increased effect of chromatic aberration upon lower energy beams, and the increased sensitivity of such electron beams to stray fields. Improvements in design have led to commercial instruments which provide the microscopist with the capability to analyze materials in this low-energy regime. …

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Dentin Caries. Experimental In Vitro Studies With Streptococcus Mutans, Patrick A. Adriaens, Geert W. Claeys, Jan A. De Boever

Scanning Microscopy

This study was performed to gain better insight into the mechanisms involved in carious destruction of human dentin by Streptococcus mutans. In particular, bacterial colonization of dentin surfaces and bacterial invasion in dentin were studied.

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), strain NCTC 10449, was grown on sterile dentin blocks in a 10% CO₂ atmosphere at 37°C. After 72, 120, 144 and 288 h of incubation the specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopic examination. The colonization of the dentinal surface progressed slowly and was nearly complete after 288 h. Invasion of S. mutans into the dentinal tubules …

Scanning Electron Microscope Evaluation Of Drilling Damage And Acid Treatment Using Uncoated Core, D. R. Rothbard, R. A. Skopec, C. J. Bajsarowicz, T. H. Fate

Scanning Microscopy

A novel SEM technique allows the observation of the same pore on a core face after each step in a series of dynamic flow tests. It requires no conductive coating and facilitates core flow using a one inch (25.4 mm) diameter plug. Three separate studies were undertaken in which the procedure was used to observe the effects of drilling mud invasion, waterflooding, and matrix acidization on individual grains and pores. In the drilling mud study it was found that 2% HF removed most of the siderite weighted mud, but that mud residue and etching of the framework grains resulted in …

Replication Technique For Studying Microstructure In Fossil Enamel, A. D. Beynon

Scanning Microscopy

The present paper describes a two stage impression technique using a silicone elastomer suitable for field replication studies; which requires high dimensional stability, defined resolution, and being capable of reproducing inaccessible details. A test object consisting of etched pearlite possessed fine detail [>1μm to <0.1μm] which was suitable for testing negative/ positive replica combinations. Coltene President light-body impression material was capable of resolving parallel side depressions of widths ≧0.2μm, and it possesses very good dimensional stability with time, allowing the production of positive casts to be deferred for several months. Low viscosity Spurr resin reproduced this detail, and flowed into inaccessible sites.

Although there was evidence of bulk contraction on curing, there was no significant shrinkage on flat [linear] surfaces or in vertical relief dimensions.

Replicas of fractured hominid teeth showed good surface detail, and reproduction of inaccessible three-dimensional features on enamel surfaces. Enamel prism shape was pattern 3.

A Preliminary Study Of The Role Of Gastrointestinal Endocrine Cells In The Maintenance Of Villous Structure Following X-Irradiation, M. G. Wyatt, S. P. Hume, K. E. Carr, J. C. L. Marigold

Scanning Microscopy

The mechanism of gastrointestinal villous damage following ionizing irradiation is complex. Various compartments within the gastrointestinal tract have in turn been considered important for the maintenance of normal villous structure. To date, however, evidence for a single overriding regulator of epithelial well-being is lacking.

In this study, the role of the gastrointestinal (enteroendocrine) cells is explored and comparison made between endocrine cell number and villous structure.

Experiments were organised using hath control and irradiated groups of mice. Two time points (1 and 3 days) and three radiation doses (6, 10 and 18Gy) were employed. A simple method for endocrine cell …

Magnetic Domain Observation Using Spin-Polarized Scanning Electron Microscopy, K. Koike, H. Matsuyama, H. Todokoro, K. Hayakawa

Scanning Microscopy

A new apparatus, spin-polarized scanning electron microscope (SEM), has been developed. This is a unique apparatus, which forms images by electron spin polarization. By using this device, magnetic domain images can be obtained because secondary electrons from ferromagnetic samples are polarized representing the magnetization of the sample originating point. This method provides new capabilities, such as magnetic contrast independent of surface morphology, detection of magnetization direction, and high spatial resolution.

Electron Beam Induced Current Analysis Of Voltage Breakdown Sites In Thin Mos Oxides, J. Reimer, A. Battacharyya, K. Ritz

Scanning Microscopy

Voltage breakdown sites on thin (< 100 A) MOS capacitors have been identified by the electron beam induced current (EBIC) technique, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). EBIC spots coincide with voltage breakdown locations and their image intensity can be changed by varying the applied bias or the electron beam accelerating voltage. Total current and the number of EBIC spots were the same in both accumulation and depletion conditions for a fixed beam potential and bias voltage. This suggests that the observed EBIC spots were due to defects in the oxide only. This EBIC method for identifying defects has been found very useful in characterizing thin MOS oxides.

Characterization Of Oxidized Zinc (Calamine) Ores By Scanning Electron Microscopy And Electron Microprobe Analysis, G. Bonifazi, P. Massacci

Scanning Microscopy

Textural and structural features of Sardinian oxidized zinc (calamine) ores have been established by scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis, the elements analyzed being Zn, Pb, Ca and Fe. The surface composition of grains produced by comminution has also been determined, especially with reference to the presence of smithsonite and cerussite.

The methodological approach adopted has revealed intimate intergrowth of the mineral species present and contamination of the main mineral by inclusions of other species, which explains why it is so difficult to obtain good recoveries and high-quality concentrates by beneficiation processes.

Front Matter

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Health Care Delivery System: Current Trends And Prospects For The Future, Vinod K. Sahney, Douglas S. Peters, Stanley R. Nelson

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Issues Facing Group Practice In The 1990s, Bruce W. Steinhauer

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Use Of A "Permission Giving" Patient Checklist In Identification Of Social And Sexual Problems, William B. Anderson

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

A checklist derived from the ACOG bulletin entitled "Communication of Sexual Problems in Office Gynecology" was given to 614 women. The findings demonstrate that social and sexual concerns are encountered frequently in the practice of clinical gynecology and that a checklist is effective in identifying these concerns.

No Miracle Remedies In Sight For Financing Health Care For The Poor, John M. Kuder

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Clinical And Laboratory Study Of Sickle Cell/Β-Thalassemia, Koichi Maeda, Ellis J. Van Slyck, Robert C. Hawley

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We have studied 39 patients doubly heterozygous for sickle cell/β-thalassemia, 12 with sickle cell/β^o- thalassemia and 27 with sickle cell/β⁺-thalassemia. Generally, sickle cell/β^o-thalassemia is considered more severe than sickle cell/β⁺-thalassemia. In our study, however clinical complications in the group with sickle cell/β⁺-thalassemia were seen almost as frequently as in the group with sickle cell/β^o-thalassemia. A wide variety of clinical manifestations were seen in both groups of patients.

Radiographic Features Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Mark I. Burnstein, Burton I. Ellis, Robert A. Teitge, Martin L. Gross, Christopher K. Shier

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Anterior cruciate ligament disruption is a common injury that occurs in contact sports such as football. The treating orthopedic surgeon may elect any of a variety of therapeutic options. Surgical management may consist of primary repair of the torn ligament or replacement of the torn ligament with graft material, known as anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACER). Many physicians, including radiologists, are unfamiliar with the surgical procedure or the expected postoperative radiographic appearance of ACER. Assessment of radiographs following ACER, as with many surgical procedures, requires understanding of the surgical procedure. We present our experience in assessing the postoperative radiographs of …

Characteristics, Mortality, And Outcome Of Infants Weighing Over 2500 Grams Who Require Intensive Care, Anthony Udo-Inyang, Chang Y. Lee

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Documentations of morbidity and mortality of infants weighing over 2500 g who require intensive care, along with research to improve their outcome, have not received adequate emphasis in the literature. From 1981 to 1984 these infants accounted for 495 (40.1%) admissions and 16 (9.8%) deaths in Henry Ford Hospital's neonatal intensive care unit. The most common diagnoses were hematologic diseases (24.6%), meconium aspiration (20.4%), respiratory distress/asphyxia (17.2%), congenital anomalies (13.8%), and infants of diabetic mothers (10.7%). Infant mortality was 56.2% from congenital anomalies. 25% from meconium aspiration, 6.2% from infection, 6.2% from maternal accident, and 6.2% from accidental neonatal asphyxia. …

The First-Bite Syndrome, William S. Haubrich

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Patients presenting with esophageal disorders often describe what can be called a "first-bite syndrome." The condition can be discerned by its characteristic clinical features. It may be a variant of diffuse esophageal spasm. While in a majority of patients it is a benign functional disturbance, it can be a harbinger of carcinoma. When of functional origin, it is amenable, in most cases, to relatively simple medical management.

Small Cell Carcinoma Of The Lung In The Intensive Care Unit, Paul Harkaway, Cynthia Glines, Michael Eichenhorn, Paul Kvale, Robert Chapman, John Popovich Jr.

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

The outcome of 29 patients with a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the lung admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) from 1980 through 1984 was reviewed retrospectively. Respiratory failure was the most common admitting diagnosis (23 patients [80%]). followed by cardiopulmonary arrest (three patients [10%]), and hypotension (three patients [10%] ). Only five patients survived to leave the MICU, and only two of these patients lived longer than two months after MICU discharge. Of the features examined, the absence of sepsis was the only statistically significant predictor of MICU survival. Treatment of the malignancy did not appear …

Letters To The Editor

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Robert K. Nixon, Md, Robert J. Priest

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Echocardiographic Features Of Metastatic Pericardial And Myocardial Malignancy, Carey Green, Mohsin Alam, Howard S. Rosman, Jeffrey B. Lakier

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Clinical and echocardiographic features of a patient with extensive metastasis to the pericardium and myocardium are presented. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion, markedly thickened pericardium, and myocardium with increased echogenicity. These findings were subsequently confirmed during surgery and autopsy, which revealed marked tumor encasement of the heart and pericardial myocardial infiltration.

Back Matter

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Ambulatory Care "Gold Rush?", Michael A. Slubowski

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.