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Life Sciences

Selected Works

2004

Articles 31 - 60 of 92

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Images Of Masculinity: Print Media Representations Of Canadian Male Athletes, Don Morrow Apr 2004

Images Of Masculinity: Print Media Representations Of Canadian Male Athletes, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.


The Effect Of Water And Nitrogen On The Response Of Sorghum Cultivars With Contrasting Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Teshome Regassa Apr 2004

The Effect Of Water And Nitrogen On The Response Of Sorghum Cultivars With Contrasting Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Teshome Regassa

Teshome H. Regassa

Water and nitrogen (N) are important environmental factors limiting sorghum production. Information is lacking on the combined effects of water and N for cultivars with different degrees of water and/or N stress tolerance. Sorghum cultivars known for N and water stress tolerance difference were evaluated to identify plant characteristics contributing to N use efficiency (NUE). Cultivars San Chi San and CK-60 were evaluated at Mead, NE on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam soil under water (stress and non-stress), and N (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) rates. Experimental units were arranged in split-split plot and treatments were …


Amebiasis And Comparison Of Microscopy To Elisa Technique In Detection Of Entamoeba Histolytica And Entamoeba Dispar, Clarence Lee Apr 2004

Amebiasis And Comparison Of Microscopy To Elisa Technique In Detection Of Entamoeba Histolytica And Entamoeba Dispar, Clarence Lee

Clarence Lee

The analysis of records of amoebal infection in various hospitals in Kilimanjaro indicated frequent occurrence of amebiasis. The population over the age of five years had higher rate of amoebal infection compared to less than that of a five-year-old population; however, both age groups had similar patterns of amebiasis during January 1999 to June 2001. To investigate misdiagnosis of amebiasis, 226 patients (passive cases) in three hospitals and 616 individuals (active cases) from three different localities in Kilimanjaro were examined. In passive cases, the prevalences of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar were 1% and 7.3%, respectively. Among active cases, 1% …


Novel Forms Of Structural Integration Between Microbes And A Vent Gastropod From The Indian Ocean, Shana K. Goffredi, Anders Waren, Victoria J. Orphan, Cindy L. Van Dover, Robert C. Vrijenhoek Apr 2004

Novel Forms Of Structural Integration Between Microbes And A Vent Gastropod From The Indian Ocean, Shana K. Goffredi, Anders Waren, Victoria J. Orphan, Cindy L. Van Dover, Robert C. Vrijenhoek

Shana Goffredi

Here we describe novel forms of structural integration between endo- and episymbiotic microbes and an unusual new species of snail from hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ocean. The snail houses a dense population of γ-proteobacteria within the cells of its greatly enlarged esophageal gland. This tissue setting differs from that of all other vent mollusks, which harbor sulfur-oxidizing endosymbionts in their gills. The significantly reduced digestive tract, the isotopic signatures of the snail tissues, and the presence of internal bacteria suggest a dependence on chemoautotrophy for nutrition. Most notably, this snail is unique in having a dense coat of mineralized …


Forisomes, A Novel Type Of Ca2+-Dependent Contractile Protein Motor [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters Apr 2004

Forisomes, A Novel Type Of Ca2+-Dependent Contractile Protein Motor [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

This paper has no abstract; this is the first paragraph. Motility of cell components in both animal and plant cells is mostly based on the movement of motor proteins along actin filaments or microtubules [Boal, 2002]. The dominance of ATP hydrolysis as the energy source for such movements is so complete, that modern textbooks define “motor proteins” as nucleoside triphosphate-dependent actuators [e.g., Alberts et al., 2002]. In only one known case, a reversible mechanism of cell motility is driven by the interaction of Ca2+ and the responsive protein(s). Some sessile ciliates control the effective length of their stalk by means …


A Riotous Reflection: The Heroic, Richard, And Canadian Sport History, Don Morrow Mar 2004

A Riotous Reflection: The Heroic, Richard, And Canadian Sport History, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.


The Helicobacter Pylori Flaa1 And Wbpb Genes Control Lipopolysaccharide And Flagellum Synthesis And Function, Alexandra Merkx-Jacques, R. Obhi, G. Bethune, C. Creuzenet Mar 2004

The Helicobacter Pylori Flaa1 And Wbpb Genes Control Lipopolysaccharide And Flagellum Synthesis And Function, Alexandra Merkx-Jacques, R. Obhi, G. Bethune, C. Creuzenet

Alexandra Merkx-Jacques

flaA1 and wbpB are conserved genes with unknown biological function in Helicobacter pylori. Since both genes are predicted to be involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis, flagellum assembly, or protein glycosylation, they could play an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori. To determine their biological role, both genes were disrupted in strain NCTC 11637. Both mutants exhibited altered LPS, with loss of most O-antigen and core modification, and increased sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate compared to wild-type bacteria. These defects could be complemented in a gene-specific manner. Also, flaA1 could complement these defects in the wbpB mutant, suggesting a …


Inheritance Of Trunk Banding In The Tetra (Gymnocorymbus Ternetzi Characidae), Jack Frankel Mar 2004

Inheritance Of Trunk Banding In The Tetra (Gymnocorymbus Ternetzi Characidae), Jack Frankel

Jack Frankel

The tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi) exhibits two phenotypes associated with trunk banding. Fish possess either a smoky-gray coloration with two prominent black vertical bands located directly behind the operculum (black tetra) or a lighter coloration and lack these bands (white skirt tetra). Segregation patterns observed from the progenies of 11 different crosses suggest that the inheritance of these phenotypes is controlled by two autosomal loci acting in a complementary fashion, with dominance at both loci required for the expression of the darker, banded phenotype.


Effect Of Nixtamalization On The Chemical And Functional Properties Of Maize, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Beatrice Cornelius, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa Mar 2004

Effect Of Nixtamalization On The Chemical And Functional Properties Of Maize, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Beatrice Cornelius, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

The high utilization and consumption levels of maize in developing countries calls for investigations into new methods of processing to help introduce variety as well as improve the functionality and nutrient quality of maize-based foods. This study was carried out to determine the effect of nixtamalization on the chemical and functional characteristics of maize. A 2X4 factorial experimental design with cooking time (0, 30 min) and lime concentration (0, 0.33, 0.5 and 1.0%) was performed. Chemical composition (moisture, protein and ash), pH, titratable acidity, water absorption, colour, cooked paste viscosity and texture were determined using standard methods. The cooking time …


Molecular Profiling: Gene Expression Reveals Discrete Phases Of Lens Induction And Development In Xenopus Laevis, Brian Walter, Yimin Tian, Amy Garlisch, Maria Carinato, Matthew Elkins, Adam Wolfe, Jonathan Schaefer, Kimberly Perry, Jonathan Henry Mar 2004

Molecular Profiling: Gene Expression Reveals Discrete Phases Of Lens Induction And Development In Xenopus Laevis, Brian Walter, Yimin Tian, Amy Garlisch, Maria Carinato, Matthew Elkins, Adam Wolfe, Jonathan Schaefer, Kimberly Perry, Jonathan Henry

Brian Walter

No abstract provided.


Proteomic Approaches To Studying Drug Targets And Resistance In Plasmodium, R. A. Cooper, D. J. Carucci Feb 2004

Proteomic Approaches To Studying Drug Targets And Resistance In Plasmodium, R. A. Cooper, D. J. Carucci

Roland A. Cooper

Ever increasing drug resistance by Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent of human malaria parasites, is creating new challenges in malaria chemotherapy. The entire genome sequences of P. falciparum and the rodent malaria parasite, P. yoelii yoelii are now available. Extensive genome sequence data from other Plasmodium species including another important human malaria parasite, P. vivax are also available. Powerful research techniques coupled to genomic resources are needed to help identify new drug and vaccine targets against malaria. Applied to Plasmodium, proteomics combines high-resolution protein or peptide separation with mass spectrometry and computer software to rapidly identify large numbers of proteins …


Using Math In Cell Biology How Do Calcium Channels Work?, Borbala Mazzag Feb 2004

Using Math In Cell Biology How Do Calcium Channels Work?, Borbala Mazzag

Borbala Mazzag

No abstract provided.


Expression Profiling Of Mammalian Micrornas Uncovers A Subset Of Brain-Expressed Micrornas With Possible Roles In Murine And Human Neuronal Differentiation., Lorenzo F. Sempere, Sarah Freemantle, Ian Pitha-Rowe, Eric Moss, Ethan Dmitrovsky, Victor R. Ambros Feb 2004

Expression Profiling Of Mammalian Micrornas Uncovers A Subset Of Brain-Expressed Micrornas With Possible Roles In Murine And Human Neuronal Differentiation., Lorenzo F. Sempere, Sarah Freemantle, Ian Pitha-Rowe, Eric Moss, Ethan Dmitrovsky, Victor R. Ambros

Victor R. Ambros

Background The microRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of small noncoding RNAs (18 to 25 nucleotides) with probable roles in the regulation of gene expression. In Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4 and let-7 miRNAs control the timing of fate specification of neuronal and hypodermal cells during larval development. lin-4, let-7 and other miRNA genes are conserved in mammals, and their potential functions in mammalian development are under active study. Results In order to identify mammalian miRNAs that might function in development, we characterized the expression of 119 previously reported miRNAs in adult organs from mouse and human using northern blot analysis. Of …


Mer1p Is A Modular Splicing Factor Whose Function Depends On The Conserved U2 Snrnp Protein Snu17p, Marc Spingola, Javier Armisen, Manuel Ares Feb 2004

Mer1p Is A Modular Splicing Factor Whose Function Depends On The Conserved U2 Snrnp Protein Snu17p, Marc Spingola, Javier Armisen, Manuel Ares

Marc Spingola

Mer1p activates the splicing of at least three pre‐mRNAs (AMA1, MER2, MER3) during meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We demonstrate that enhancer recognition by Mer1p is separable from Mer1p splicing activation. The C‐terminal KH‐type RNA‐binding domain of Mer1p recognizes introns that contain the Mer1p splicing enhancer, while the N‐terminal domain interacts with the spliceosome and activates splicing. Prior studies have implicated the U1 snRNP and recognition of the 5′ splice site as key elements in Mer1p‐activated splicing. We provide new evidence that Mer1p may also function at later steps of spliceosome assembly. First, Mer1p can activate splicing of introns …


New Species Of Drymoluber (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) From Southeastern Peru, Edgar Lehr, Nelly Carrillo, Peter Hocking Feb 2004

New Species Of Drymoluber (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) From Southeastern Peru, Edgar Lehr, Nelly Carrillo, Peter Hocking

Edgar Lehr

A new species of colubrid snake, genus Drymoluber, is described from three localities (1920-3300 m elevation) in southeastern Peru (Departamento de Apurimac), The characteristics of the new species include dorsal scales smooth with two apical pits, in 13 rows throughout body; 14-16 maxillary teeth; one preocular; two postoculars; One anterior and two posterior temporals; anal plate entire; ventrals 158-182; subcaudals 82-92; and a dorsal pattern of transverse blackish blotches (1,0-1,5 scales wide) and narrower hazelnut brown interspaces (2.0-2.5 scales wide) in juveniles, whereas adults are dorsally uniform olive-grey and ventrally yeUowish-grey. The new species differs from all species of the …


Ethiopian Soils Harbor Natural Populations Of Rhizobia That Form Symbioses With Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Serawit Kassa, Desta Beyene, Franklin Ampy, Amha Asseffa, Tadesse Gebremedhin, Peter Van Berkum Jan 2004

Ethiopian Soils Harbor Natural Populations Of Rhizobia That Form Symbioses With Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Serawit Kassa, Desta Beyene, Franklin Ampy, Amha Asseffa, Tadesse Gebremedhin, Peter Van Berkum

Franklin Ampy

The diversity and taxonomic relationships of 83 bean-nodulating rhizobia indigenous to Ethiopian soils were characterized by PCR-RFLP of the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), and amplified fragment-length polymorphism. The isolates fell into 13 distinct genotypes according to PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region. Based on MLEE, the majority of these genotypes (70%) was genetically related to the type strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum. However, from analysis of their 16S rRNA genes, the majority was placed with Rhizobium etli. Transfer and recombination of the 16S rRNA …


A Short History Of A Short Rna, Victor Ambros, Rosalind Lee, Rhonda Feinbaum Jan 2004

A Short History Of A Short Rna, Victor Ambros, Rosalind Lee, Rhonda Feinbaum

Victor R. Ambros

Comment on: The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. [Cell. 1993]


The Genus Spiroplasma And Its Non-Helical Descendants: Phylogenetic Classification, Correlation With Phenotype And Roots Of The Mycoplasma Mycoides Clade, Gail E. Gasparich, Robert F. Whitcomb, Deborah Dodge, Frank E. French, John Glass, David L. Williamson Jan 2004

The Genus Spiroplasma And Its Non-Helical Descendants: Phylogenetic Classification, Correlation With Phenotype And Roots Of The Mycoplasma Mycoides Clade, Gail E. Gasparich, Robert F. Whitcomb, Deborah Dodge, Frank E. French, John Glass, David L. Williamson

Gail Gasparich

The genus Spiroplasma (helical mollicutes: Bacteria: Firmicutes: Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is associated primarily with insects. The Mycoplasma mycoides cluster (sensu Weisburg et al. 1989 and Johansson and Pettersson 2002 ) is a group of mollicutes that includes the type species – Mycoplasma mycoides – of Mycoplasmatales, Mycoplasmataceae and Mycoplasma. This cluster, associated solely with ruminants, contains five other species and subspecies. Earlier phylogenetic reconstructions based on partial 16S rDNA sequences and a limited sample of Spiroplasma and Mycoplasma sequences suggested that the genus Mycoplasma was polyphyletic, as the M. mycoides cluster and the grouping that consisted of the hominis and …


Quantitative Nonisotopic Nitrocellulose Filter Binding Assays: Bacterial Manganese Superoxide Dismutase–Dna Interactions., Joshua Czerwinski, Stephanie Hovan, David Mascotti Jan 2004

Quantitative Nonisotopic Nitrocellulose Filter Binding Assays: Bacterial Manganese Superoxide Dismutase–Dna Interactions., Joshua Czerwinski, Stephanie Hovan, David Mascotti

David P. Mascotti

Nitrocellulose filter binding assays (NCFBAs) have been used for many years to qualitatively and quantitatively determine protein–nucleic acid affinities. While this technique can be robust thermodynamically and fairly simple to perform, the requirement of radiolabeled nucleic acids (typically 32P) has several major drawbacks. Some disadvantages are the short half-life of 32P, the inherent safety concerns, and the cost of working with radioisotopes. Another drawback is that over time the beta emissions cause fragmentation of the nucleic acids. We have modified standard NCFBAs by developing a quantitative nonisotopic chemiluminescent method using biotin-labeled DNA and a dual-filter format. The biotin tag is …


A New Species Of Phyllonastes From Peru (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae), Edgar Lehr, Cesar Aguilar, Mikael Lundberg Dec 2003

A New Species Of Phyllonastes From Peru (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae), Edgar Lehr, Cesar Aguilar, Mikael Lundberg

Edgar Lehr

A new Andean species of Phyllonastes is described from east-central Peru (Departamento de Pasco, 2900 m elevation), The new species differs from all known Phyllonastes by lacking discs with circumferential groove on the toes, inguinal spots, and dorsolateral shipes. The new species shares characters with members of the genus Phrynopus, which suggests possible relationships between the genera.


An Evaluation Of The Potential Of Atriplex Nummualria For Sheep Production In Arid Jordanian Rangelands, Raed Al-Tabini, A. Younger Dec 2003

An Evaluation Of The Potential Of Atriplex Nummualria For Sheep Production In Arid Jordanian Rangelands, Raed Al-Tabini, A. Younger

Raed Al-Tabini

No abstract provided.


Molecular Defects In The Β-Globin Gene Identified In Different Ethnic Groups/Populations During Prenatal Diagnosis For Β-Thalassemia: A Malaysian Experience, Maryanne Tan Dec 2003

Molecular Defects In The Β-Globin Gene Identified In Different Ethnic Groups/Populations During Prenatal Diagnosis For Β-Thalassemia: A Malaysian Experience, Maryanne Tan

Mary Anne Tan Jin Ai

β-thalassemia is the most-common genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis in Malaysia, and about 4.5% of the population are heterozygous carriers of the disorder. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for 96 couples using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System and Gap- Polymerase Chain Reaction. We identified 17 β-globin defects-initiation codon for translation (T-G), -29 (A-G), - 28 (A-G), CAP +1 (A-C), CD 8/9 (+G), CD 15 (G-A), CD 17 (A-T), CD 19 (A-G), Hb E (G-A), IVS1-1 (G-T), IVS1- 5 (G-C), CD 41/42 (-CTTT), CD 71–72 (+A), IVS2-654 (CT), poly A(A-G), 100-kb Gγ(Aγδβ)° and 45-kb Filipino deletions. The 192 β-alleles studied comprised Chinese …


Care Of Miniature Donkeys, Stephen Purdy Dec 2003

Care Of Miniature Donkeys, Stephen Purdy

Stephen R. Purdy

No abstract provided.


Regulation Of Myocardial Hsp70 Gene Expression Following Exercise, C.W. Melling, David Thorp, Earl Noble Dec 2003

Regulation Of Myocardial Hsp70 Gene Expression Following Exercise, C.W. Melling, David Thorp, Earl Noble

Jamie Melling

No abstract provided.


The Role Of Amylomaltase In Maltose Metabolism In The Cytosol Of Photosynthetic Cells, Yan Lu, Thomas Sharkey Dec 2003

The Role Of Amylomaltase In Maltose Metabolism In The Cytosol Of Photosynthetic Cells, Yan Lu, Thomas Sharkey

Yan Lu

No abstract provided.


To Broadband Or Not To Broadband: The Relationship Between High-Speed Internet And Knowledge And Participation, Ann Williams Dec 2003

To Broadband Or Not To Broadband: The Relationship Between High-Speed Internet And Knowledge And Participation, Ann Williams

Ann E Williams

This study tests 2 competing theoretical models that attempt to understand the roles that broadband Internet plays in society. The linear model posits that the gains or harms introduced by the Internet via narrowband will further increase with the adoption of broadband. On the contrary, the differential gains model proposes that changes stemming from advances to different stages of Internet connection technology should be unique to each technological advance. Findings show that support for these models was contingent upon the domain that each criterion variable represents. For hard engagement, such as political discussion, hard knowledge, and civic participation, there was …


Imagery In Sentence Comprehension: An Fmri Study, Marcel Just, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Alice Mceleney, Patricia Carpenter Dec 2003

Imagery In Sentence Comprehension: An Fmri Study, Marcel Just, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Alice Mceleney, Patricia Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


A Riotous Reflection: The Heroic, Richard, And Canadian Sport History, Don Morrow Dec 2003

A Riotous Reflection: The Heroic, Richard, And Canadian Sport History, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.


A Long Drink Of Water: How Xylem Changes With Depth, Gretchen North Dec 2003

A Long Drink Of Water: How Xylem Changes With Depth, Gretchen North

Gretchen North

No abstract provided.


Long-Term Trends In Annual Reproductive Output Of The Scrub Hickory: Factors Influencing Variation In Size Of Nut Crop, Warren Abrahamson, J.N. Lane Dec 2003

Long-Term Trends In Annual Reproductive Output Of The Scrub Hickory: Factors Influencing Variation In Size Of Nut Crop, Warren Abrahamson, J.N. Lane

Warren G. Abrahamson, II

No abstract provided.