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Articles 1 - 30 of 134
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Universal Copyright Fund: A New Way To Bridge The Copyright Divide, Kung-Chung Liu, Haochen Sun
A Universal Copyright Fund: A New Way To Bridge The Copyright Divide, Kung-Chung Liu, Haochen Sun
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The ever-increasing digitization of works, along with the deployment of technical measures to protect such works and the expansive use of the Internet, further exacerbate the divide between the IP-rich and IP-poor countries in their ability to benefit from such works. It is suggested by this paper that to borrow from experiences on how the telecommunications world provides universal service to each and every household at affordable prices, and to endeavor to shed some new light on how the copyright divide can be narrowed. It is structured in three parts. The first part will examine the past and future failure …
The Value Of U.S. Patents By Owner And Patent Characteristics, James Bessen
The Value Of U.S. Patents By Owner And Patent Characteristics, James Bessen
Faculty Scholarship
This paper uses renewal data to estimate the value of U.S. patents, controlling for patent and owner characteristics. Estimates of U.S. patent value are substantially larger than estimates for European patents, however, the ratio of U.S. patent value to R&D for firms is only about 3%. Patents issued to small patentees are much less valuable than those issued to large corporations, perhaps reflecting imperfect markets for technology. Litigated patents are more valuable, as are highly cited patents. However, patent citations explain little variance in value, suggesting limits to their use as a measure of patent quality.
Vol. Ix, Tab 41 - Ex. J - Hagan Deposition From Cng (Google Managing Counsel - Trademarks), Rose Hagan
Vol. Ix, Tab 41 - Ex. J - Hagan Deposition From Cng (Google Managing Counsel - Trademarks), Rose Hagan
Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)
Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?
Copyright And The Dead Sea Scrolls
Fixing Fair Use, Michael W. Carroll
Fixing Fair Use, Michael W. Carroll
Working Paper Series
The fair use doctrine in copyright law balances expressive freedoms by permitting one to use another’s copyrighted expression under certain circumstances. The doctrine’s extreme context-sensitivity renders it of little value to those who require reasonable ex ante certainty about the legality of a proposed use. In this Article, Professor Carroll advances a legislative proposal to create a Fair Use Board in the U.S. Copyright Office that would have power to declare a proposed use of another’s copyrighted work to be a fair use. Like a private letter ruling from the IRS or a “no action” letter from the SEC, a …
The Problem Of Social Cost In A Genetically Modified Age, Paul J. Heald, James C. Smith
The Problem Of Social Cost In A Genetically Modified Age, Paul J. Heald, James C. Smith
Scholarly Works
In Part I of this Article, we apply the Coase Theorem and its most useful corollary to the problem of pollen drift. We conclude that the liability of pollen polluters should be governed by balancing rules against nuisance law, to be applied on a case-by-case basis, rather than by a blanket liability or immunity rule. We also conclude that truly bystanding non-GMO farmers should have a viable defense to patent infringement because liability would result in the application of a reverse Pigovian tax that cannot be justified under accepted economic theory. Only a contextual approach can account for the wide …
Recent Developments In Copyright Law: Selected U.S. Supreme Court, Court Of Appeals, And District Court Opinions Between February 1, 2005 And May 1, 2006, Tyler T. Ochoa
Faculty Publications
This article highlights nine U.S. copyright law decisions handed down between February 1, 2005 and May 1, 2006. This review was originally delivered as a speech at The 50th Annual Conference of Developments in Intellectual Property Law held by The John Marshall Law School Center for Intellectual Property Law on May 26, 2006. Discussing a wide range of cases from peer-to-peer file sharing to standing, the analysis focuses on the most recent developments in copyright.
Google The Gozerian And Fair Use Slimed: Copyright Again In The Technocrat's Den, Brian Sites
Google The Gozerian And Fair Use Slimed: Copyright Again In The Technocrat's Den, Brian Sites
Faculty Scholarship
This article considers the fair use doctrine as it applies to Google's Library Search Project and both predicts and advocates for a finding of fair use. Part I briefly reviews the past by considering the pertinent history of the fair use doctrine. It also explains the details of the current suit over Google's Library Project. Part II moves on to consider the current state of fair use analysis by reviewing 110 fair use cases and conducting simple statistical analyses. It then explains and applies the fair use doctrine to Google's project. Part III considers cases frequently compared to Google's and …
Liberating Estates Law From The Constraints Of Copyright, Lee-Ford Tritt
Liberating Estates Law From The Constraints Of Copyright, Lee-Ford Tritt
UF Law Faculty Publications
This Article addresses a disturbing statutory phenomenon of enormous importance to any artist, composer, writer, scholar, scientist or innovator. The phenomenon, which I have termed “estate-bumping,” has driven an unintended wedge between copyright law and estates law by effectively preventing authors of copyrights from disposing of their copyright interests through common estate planning mechanisms. Current copyright law imposes a unique restraint on the testamentary freedom of copyright authors, a restraint not imposed on any other type of property owner. In effect, this restraint enables unintended beneficiaries to rewrite, or “bump”, an author’s estate plan. Thus, it is copyright law – …
Vol. Ix, Tab 41 - Ex. 21 - Email From Lena Huang (Rosetta Online Marketing), Lena Huang
Vol. Ix, Tab 41 - Ex. 21 - Email From Lena Huang (Rosetta Online Marketing), Lena Huang
Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)
Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?
Bill To Amend Title 35, U.S. Code, To Conform Certain Filing Provisions Within The Patent And Trademark Office, 109th Cong., Sept. 14, 2006 (Statement Of Statement Of John R. Thomas, Geo. U. L. Center), John R. Thomas
Testimony Before Congress
No abstract provided.
Anticircumvention And Anti-Anticircumvention, Peter K. Yu
Anticircumvention And Anti-Anticircumvention, Peter K. Yu
Faculty Scholarship
In today's debate on digital rights management systems, there is a considerable divide between the rights holders, their investors and representatives on the one hand and academics, consumer advocates, and civil libertarians on the other. These two groups often talk past each other, concocting their own doomsday scenarios while arguing for laws and policies that vindicate their positions. Unfortunately, neither side has sufficient empirical evidence to either support its position or disprove its rivals'. As the digital economy grows, the debate intensifies, and the divide between the two sides widens. Today, there has emerged an urgent need to find the …
A Battle Between Geography Indication And Trademark, Jia Xu
A Battle Between Geography Indication And Trademark, Jia Xu
Cornell Law School J.D. Student Research Papers
In 2005, Administration for Quality, Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) issued “Administrative Regulation on Indications of Original Source and Regulation on Protection of Products from Original Sources,” but “Implementing Rules of the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China” has included the protection of Geography Indication into the trademark law. The two separate tracks of protection of GI have caused much confusion to the intellectual property right holders regarding their property rights. This thesis introduces and compares the concept of trademark and geography indications, analyzes the current protection mode both in China and abroad and discusses how to eliminate …
Lawful Personal Use, Jessica D. Litman
Lawful Personal Use, Jessica D. Litman
Law & Economics Working Papers Archive: 2003-2009
Whenever someone makes a copy of a copyrighted work, that copy is either authorized by the copyright owner, permitted by some express provision of the copyright statute (such as the ephemeral copy provision in section 112 or the fair use provision in section 107), or infringing. That's what we tell our colleagues and what we teach our students. But most of us don't actually believe it, and this article argues that that understanding of the copyright law is wrong.
I make this argument by examining the copyright law through the lens of personal use. Unlike many other jurisdictions, the United …
Copyright And Incomplete Historiographies: Of Piracy, Propertization, And Thomas Jefferson, Justin Hughes
Copyright And Incomplete Historiographies: Of Piracy, Propertization, And Thomas Jefferson, Justin Hughes
Faculty Articles
Because we learn from history, we also try to teach from history. Persuasive discourse of all kinds is replete with historical examples – some true and applicable to the issue at hand, some one but not the other, and some neither. Beginning in the 1990s, intellectual property scholars began providing descriptive accounts of a tremendous strengthening of copyright laws, expressing the normative view that this trend needs to be arrested, if not reversed. This thoughtful body of scholarly literature is sometimes bolstered with historical claims – often casual comments about the way things were. The claims about history, legal or …
Data Publication In The Open Access Initiative, Jens Klump, Roland Bertelmann, Jan Brase, Michael Diepenbroek, Hannes Grobe, Heinke Höck, Michael Lautenschlager, Uwe Schindler, Irina Sens, Joachim Wächter
Data Publication In The Open Access Initiative, Jens Klump, Roland Bertelmann, Jan Brase, Michael Diepenbroek, Hannes Grobe, Heinke Höck, Michael Lautenschlager, Uwe Schindler, Irina Sens, Joachim Wächter
Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.
The ‘Berlin Declaration’ was published in 2003 as a guideline to policy makers to promote the Internet as a functional instrument for a global scientific knowledge base. Because knowledge is derived from data, the principles of the ‘Berlin Declaration’ should apply to data as well. Today, access to scientific data is hampered by structural deficits in the publication process. Data publication needs to offer authors an incentive to publish data through long-term repositories. Data publication also requires an adequate licence model that protects the intellectual property rights of the author while allowing further use of the data by the scientific …
The Movement For Open Access Law, Michael W. Carroll
The Movement For Open Access Law, Michael W. Carroll
Working Paper Series
My claim in this contribution to this important symposium is that the law and legal scholarship should be freely available on the Internet, and copyright law and licensing should facilitate achievement of this goal. This claim reflects the combined aims of those who support the movement for open access law. This nascent movement is a natural extension of the well-developed movement for free access to primary legal materials and the equally well-developed open access movement, which seeks to make all scholarly journal articles freely available on the Internet. Legal scholars have only general familiarity with the first movement and very …
Giving Intellectual Property, Xuan-Thao Nguyen, Jeffrey A. Maine
Giving Intellectual Property, Xuan-Thao Nguyen, Jeffrey A. Maine
Faculty Publications
The interdisciplinarity of intellectual property and taxation poses many challenges to the disparate existing norms in each field of law. This Article identifies and critiques the current tax regime governing the giving of intellectual property as a manifestation of the failure to understand the principles and policies underlying intellectual property and the firm. It proposes an incentives-based system that would encourage firms to extricate part of their repository of residual rights by surrendering their monopolistic ownership of intellectual property for the benefit of charitable organizations and, in turn, the development and growth of society.
A Comment On 'Do Patents Facilitate Financing In The Software Industry?', James Bessen
A Comment On 'Do Patents Facilitate Financing In The Software Industry?', James Bessen
Faculty Scholarship
'Do Patents Facilitate Financing in the Software Industry?' by Ronald J. Mann contributes empirical evidence to our understanding of how software startups use patents. However, a close examination of the actual empirical findings in this paper points to rather different conclusions than those that Mann draws, namely: few software startups benefit from software patents and patents are not widely used by software firms to obtain venture financing. Indeed, among other things, the paper reports that 80% of venture-financed software startups had no acquired any patents within four years of receiving financing.
Intellectual Property In Teaching And Learning: Ownership, Fair Use And Commercialization, Varda N. Main, Marianne A. Buehler
Intellectual Property In Teaching And Learning: Ownership, Fair Use And Commercialization, Varda N. Main, Marianne A. Buehler
Library Faculty Presentations
Student and Faculty Intellectual Property
— Scenarios – What might occur?
— Forms of intellectual property (IP)
— Ownership of faculty IP
— Ownership of student IP
— Rights to use IP:
• RIT-owned
• Student-owned
• External IP
— Scenarios – Discussion of
Using Intellectual Property & Related Tools
— TEACH Act
— Online copyright tutorials & websites
— Turnitin – a plagiarism-detection tool
Handouts
Resources
Perspectives On Patents: Post-Grant Review Procedures And Other Litigation Reforms: Hearing Before The Subcomm. On Intellectual Property Of The S. Comm. On The Judiciary, 109th Cong., May 23, 2006 (Statement Of Professor John R. Thomas, Geo. U. L. Center), John R. Thomas
Testimony Before Congress
No abstract provided.
Patents On Human Genes: An Analysis Of Scope And Claims, Lori B. Andrews, Jordan K. Paradise, Timothy R. Holbrooke
Patents On Human Genes: An Analysis Of Scope And Claims, Lori B. Andrews, Jordan K. Paradise, Timothy R. Holbrooke
All Faculty Scholarship
There is significant domestic and international opposition to gene patents based on the fact that gene patents deter medical research and health care, as well as the policy position that genes are an inherent product of nature. Yet, equally troubling is the fact that gene patents have been issued by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office that are problematic with respect to existing federal patent law. The authors of this Policy Forum describe their study, which examined issued gene patents covering a variety of genetic diseases and described ways in which many claims fell short of USPTO patentability requirements.
Intellectual Property Management Strategies To Accelerate The Development And Access Of Vaccines And Diagnostics: Case Studies On Pandemic Influenza, Malaria And Sars, Anatole Krattiger, Stanley P. Kowalski, Robert Eiss, Anthony Taubman
Intellectual Property Management Strategies To Accelerate The Development And Access Of Vaccines And Diagnostics: Case Studies On Pandemic Influenza, Malaria And Sars, Anatole Krattiger, Stanley P. Kowalski, Robert Eiss, Anthony Taubman
Law Faculty Scholarship
Achieving global access to vaccines, diagnostics, and pharmaceuticals remains a challenge. Throughout the developing world, intellectual property (IP) constraints complicate access to critically essential medical technologies and products. Vaccines for malaria and pandemic strains of influenza, as well as diagnostic and vaccine technologies for SARS, are not only relevant to global public health but are particularly critical to the needs of developing countries. A global access solution is urgently needed. This article offers a timely case‐by‐case analysis of preliminary patent landscape surveys and formulates options via patent pools and other forms of creative IP management to accelerate development and access. …
From Pirates To Partners (Episode Ii): Protecting Intellectual Property In Post-Wto China, Peter K. Yu
From Pirates To Partners (Episode Ii): Protecting Intellectual Property In Post-Wto China, Peter K. Yu
Faculty Scholarship
In "From Pirates to Partners: Protecting Intellectual Property in China in the Twenty-First Century," I criticized the ineffectiveness and short-sightedness of the American foreign intellectual property policy toward China. As I argued, the coercive approach taken by the U.S. administrations created a "cycle of futility" in which China and the United States repeatedly threatened each other with trade wars, only to back down in the eleventh hour with a compromise that did not provide sustained improvements in intellectual property protection.
Since I wrote that article five years ago, China has joined the WTO and undertook a complete overhaul of its …
The Antitrust Legality Of Pharmaceutical Patent Litigation Settlements, James F. Ponsoldt, W. Hennen Ehrenclou
The Antitrust Legality Of Pharmaceutical Patent Litigation Settlements, James F. Ponsoldt, W. Hennen Ehrenclou
Scholarly Works
Several federal courts of appeal have recently ruled on the issue of whether a pharmaceutical patent infringement settlement, pursuant to which a generic drug manufacturer agrees to forgo marketing a particular drug in return for monetary payments from a patent-holding “pioneer” drug manufacturer, is a violation of antitrust law. These payments are termed “reverse payments” because, contrary to normal settlements, the plaintiff makes a lump sum payment to the defendant. Reverse payments have sparked considerable academic comment and controversy. Even more recently, the Federal Trade Commission (“Commission”) and the Solicitor General have expressed views on the issue, in the context …
Common Law Property Metaphors On The Internet: The Real Problem With The Doctrine Of Cybertrespass, Shyamkrishna Balganesh
Common Law Property Metaphors On The Internet: The Real Problem With The Doctrine Of Cybertrespass, Shyamkrishna Balganesh
All Faculty Scholarship
The doctrine of cybertrespass represents one of the most recent attempts by courts to apply concepts and principles from the real world to the virtual world of the Internet. A creation of state common law, the doctrine essentially involved extending the tort of trespass to chattels to the electronic world. Consequently, unauthorized electronic interferences are deemed trespassory intrusions and rendered actionable. The present paper aims to undertake a conceptual study of the evolution of the doctrine, examining the doctrinal modifications courts were required to make to mould the doctrine to meet the specificities of cyberspace. It then uses cybertrespass to …
Vol. Ix, Tab 46 - Ex. 8 - Email From Emily White, Emily White
Vol. Ix, Tab 46 - Ex. 8 - Email From Emily White, Emily White
Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)
Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?
Pollen Drift And The Bystanding Farmer: Harmonizing Patent Law And Common Law On The Technological Frontier, Paul J. Heald, James C. Smith
Pollen Drift And The Bystanding Farmer: Harmonizing Patent Law And Common Law On The Technological Frontier, Paul J. Heald, James C. Smith
Popular Media
Patent law provides an impressive laundry list of defenses available to farmers who are the victims of unwanted pollen drift. The common law works hand-in-hand with patent law to ensure that a farmer’s choices are respected. Strong arguments can be made that positive economic relief should be afforded to farmers who can show the value of their crop has been diminished due to pollen drift. GMO pollen drift is a new, high-tech problem, but well-established principles of federal and state law appear prepared to offer viable low-tech solutions.
Vol. Vi, Tab 38 - Ex. 32 - Language Learning In The United States Of America, Rosetta Stone
Vol. Vi, Tab 38 - Ex. 32 - Language Learning In The United States Of America, Rosetta Stone
Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)
Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?
Of The Inequals Of The Uruguay Round, Srividhya Ragavan
Of The Inequals Of The Uruguay Round, Srividhya Ragavan
Faculty Scholarship
Ten years ago, the TRIPs Agreement set a distinct tone in international law by requiring members to prioritize international trade obligations as a means to achieve national goals. Within the next five years, the AIDS crisis highlighted that compromising pressing national responsibilities - like a looming public health crisis - to fulfill international obligations may, in fact, detrimentally affect international trade. Meanwhile, access to medication continues to be an unresolved issue even as we celebrate the tenth anniversary of TRIPs and the end of the transitional period. This Article suggests that the success of TRIPs depends on its ability to …