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Interactions Among Top-Down Regulators In A Temperate Forest Floor Ecosystem;Effects On Macrofauna, Mesofauna, Microbes And Litter Decay, Cari-Ann M. Hickerson Jan 2010

Interactions Among Top-Down Regulators In A Temperate Forest Floor Ecosystem;Effects On Macrofauna, Mesofauna, Microbes And Litter Decay, Cari-Ann M. Hickerson

ETD Archive

High species diversity and complexity of forest-floor food webs present a challenge for understanding the role of species interactions (e.g. competition and predation) as regulatory mechanisms for ecosystem processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. In particular, we understand very little about the roles of forest-floor predators in regulating diversity and abundance of lower trophic levels and ecosystem processes. However, ecological theory and several studies suggest that interactions among intraguild predators (IGP) may be important controls of diversity and abundance of organisms and detritus in lower trophic levels within food webs. A key prediction is that interactions among predators weaken …


Effects Of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants And Nonnative Plants On Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity In Urban Forest Fragments Of Northeastern Ohio, Kaloyan Ivanov Jan 2010

Effects Of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants And Nonnative Plants On Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity In Urban Forest Fragments Of Northeastern Ohio, Kaloyan Ivanov

ETD Archive

Urbanization has resulted in massive transformation of natural habitats with profound effects on biodiversity. Addressing the problems associated with anthropogenic deterioration of the environment requires solid understanding of the factors driving these changes. Habitat patch size, edge effects, and the presence of invasive species are among the key features of the urban landscape affecting local communities. My study focused on the effects of habitat edges, the exotic ant Nylanderia flavipes, and the invasive herb garlic mustard on local ant diversity in deciduous forest fragments of northeastern Ohio. In addition, I explored the value of common ant collecting techniques for estimating …


An Assessment Of The Evolutionary Stability Of Distyly In Hedyotis Caerulea (Rubiaceae), Dennis Archie Sampson Jan 2010

An Assessment Of The Evolutionary Stability Of Distyly In Hedyotis Caerulea (Rubiaceae), Dennis Archie Sampson

ETD Archive

Distylous species of flowers possess two distinct floral morphs that are generally found in equal numbers in naturally occurring populations. The flower form that has a relatively long style is called a "pin" the form with a short style is a "thrum." Within the distylous mating system, selfing and intramorph mating are prevented due to the spatial separation of stigmas and anthers and by a self-incompatibility system that is inherited along with the dimorphic floral structure and ancillary polymorphisms. However, a breakdown of distyly has been documented in several families, either through the development of completely separate sexes (dioecy), or, …


Assessment Of Habitat Use By Eastern Coyote (Canis Latrans) Along An Urban-Parkland Gradient, Beth A. Judy Jan 2010

Assessment Of Habitat Use By Eastern Coyote (Canis Latrans) Along An Urban-Parkland Gradient, Beth A. Judy

ETD Archive

This study used coyote howl surveys combined with GIS to locate local coyote (Canis latrans) populations, determine the habitats where coyotes occur and estimate coyote group sizes in Bedford, North Chagrin and West Creek Reservations within the Cleveland Metroparks, Ohio. The CMP were established in 1917 and are the oldest park districts in the state of Ohio. There are 8,500 hectares (21,000 acres) of land in 16 reservations and in 2008 approximately 43,000,000 people visited the Cleveland Metroparks. Bedford, North Chagrin and West Creek Reservations have a mixture of park, forest, woodlots, residential neighborhoods, industrial areas, commercial property, open water, …


Mapping Riparian Vegetation In The Lower Colorado River Using Low Resolution Satellite Imagery, Kelly J. Amundsen Jan 2010

Mapping Riparian Vegetation In The Lower Colorado River Using Low Resolution Satellite Imagery, Kelly J. Amundsen

ETD Archive

In the Western United States, monitoring water usage is a complex task carried out by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). It may be argued that USBR's greatest challenge is equitably distributing the waters of the Colorado River, particularly the Lower Colorado River, where water rights have been established and contested several times. To help meet the demands of water management in the Lower Colorado River Basin, USBR estimates the amount of water lost from the basin each year via evapo-transpiration by riparian vegetation in the Lower Colorado River riparian zone. Key components of those estimates include maps of the …