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Engineering

2006

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Information Analysis Of Dna Sequences, Riyazuddin Mohammed Jan 2006

Information Analysis Of Dna Sequences, Riyazuddin Mohammed

LSU Master's Theses

The problem of differentiating the informational content of coding (exons) and non-coding (introns) regions of a DNA sequence is one of the central problems of genomics. The introns are estimated to be nearly 95% of the DNA and since they do not seem to participate in the process of transcription of amino-acids, they have been termed “junk DNA.” Although it is believed that the non-coding regions in genomes have no role in cell growth and evolution, demonstration that these regions carry useful information would tend to falsify this belief. In this thesis, we consider entropy as a measure of information …

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Communication Blades: Modular Communications For Tangible And Embedded Interfaces, Karun Kumar Kallakuri Jan 2006

Communication Blades: Modular Communications For Tangible And Embedded Interfaces, Karun Kumar Kallakuri

LSU Master's Theses

Bladed Tiles is a modular hardware toolkit for building tangible and embedded interface devices. It includes “function blades” and “interaction tiles,” which can provide a flexible, inexpensive, open-ended platform for constructing a wide variety of tangible and embedded interfaces. In this paper, we propose Communication Blades. These are a class of electronic modules with varied computational capabilities for interfacing devices built using bladed tiles toolkit and also for interfacing embedded devices as adapters with external communication networks. These blades provide flexibility by offering the ability to select between different communication technologies and connectivity by providing devices with interoperability over different …

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Fabrication Of Array Microstructures By Localized Electro-Deposition, Nidal Khalaf Alshwawreh Jan 2006

Fabrication Of Array Microstructures By Localized Electro-Deposition, Nidal Khalaf Alshwawreh

Theses

Localized Electro-Deposition (LED) is now highly receiving scientists and researchers attention for its advantages over conventional fabrication techniques. These advantages include simplicity of the setup thus reducing the overall fabrication cost, capability of producing 2D and 3D high aspect ratio microstructures and its ability to fabricate microstructures from various raw materials. Efforts now are taking place in order to standardize the fabrication by LED to develop a commercial setup that is capable of producing complex microstructures which, in tum, can be integrated in different applications including microelectronics, microelectrochemical systems (MEMS) and sensors applications. The standardization process is performed by studying …

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[Delta] Iddq Testing Of A Cmos 12-Bit Charge Scaling Digital-To-Analog Converter, Kalyan Madhav Golla Jan 2006

[Delta] Iddq Testing Of A Cmos 12-Bit Charge Scaling Digital-To-Analog Converter, Kalyan Madhav Golla

LSU Master's Theses

This work presents design, implementation and test of a built-in current sensor (BICS) for ∆IDDQ testing of a CMOS 12-bit charge scaling digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The sensor uses power discharge method for the fault detection. The sensor operates in two modes, the test mode and the normal mode. In the test mode, the BICS is connected to the circuit under test (CUT) which is DAC and detects abnormal currents caused by manufacturing defects. In the normal mode, BICS is isolated from the CUT. The BICS is integrated with the DAC and is implemented in a 0.5 μm n-well CMOS technology. …

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Demonstration And Performance Characterization Of The Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (Gagd) Process Using A Visual Method, Thaer N.N. Mahmoud Jan 2006

Demonstration And Performance Characterization Of The Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (Gagd) Process Using A Visual Method, Thaer N.N. Mahmoud

LSU Master's Theses

The Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process, currently being developed at LSU, is designed to take advantage of gravity to allow vertical segregation between the injected gas and reservoir crud oil due to their density differences. GAGD is recommended for use with CO2 gas. CO2 dissolves in oil and causes both swelling and viscosity reduction of oil. The GAGD process uses the existing vertical wells for CO2 gas injection, and a horizontal well near the bottom of the payzone for oil production. GAGD, as an EOR process, is not restricted to tertiary oil recovery only. In this research study, a …

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Resilient Optical Multicasting Utilizing Cycles In Wdm Optical Networks, Abhishek Satyedranath Jan 2006

Resilient Optical Multicasting Utilizing Cycles In Wdm Optical Networks, Abhishek Satyedranath

LSU Master's Theses

High capacity telecommunications of today is possible only because of the presence of optical networks. At the heart of an optical network is an optical fiber whose data carrying capabilities are unparalleled. Multicasting is a form of communication in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks that involves one source and multiple destinations. Light trees, which employ light splitting at various nodes, are used to deliver data to multiple destinations. A fiber cut has been estimated to occur, on an average, once every four days by TEN, a pan-European carrier network. This thesis presents algorithms to make multicast sessions survivable against component …

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Grinding Wheel Condition Monitoring With Boosted Classifiers, Fengming Tang Jan 2006

Grinding Wheel Condition Monitoring With Boosted Classifiers, Fengming Tang

LSU Master's Theses

In this thesis, two data sets collected in grinding process under different cutting and wheel conditions were studied. One is the cutting forces in three directions, i.e. X, Y and Z, collected under two different cutting conditions. The other one is the acoustic emission (AE) signals collected under different wheel conditions(sharp and dull). For the goal of grinding wheel condition monitoring, the regression model with autocorrelated errors was proved to be effective and was used to extract features from signals in this study. The coefficients of the models served as the features used in the classification step that employed boosting …

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Balancing Mixed-Model Assembly Line To Reduce Work Overload In A Multi-Level Production System, Pravin Y. Tambe Jan 2006

Balancing Mixed-Model Assembly Line To Reduce Work Overload In A Multi-Level Production System, Pravin Y. Tambe

LSU Master's Theses

Generating the optimal production schedule for an assembly line, which will balance the workload at all the production stages, is a difficult task considering a variety of practical constraints. Varying customer demand is an important factor to be considered when designing an assembly line. In order to respond to varying customer demand, many companies are attempting to make their production system more flexible/agile or adaptable to change. Due to the volatile nature of market, companies cannot afford to manufacture same type of product for long period of time and neither can maintain high inventory level; to tackle this problem we …

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Improved Content Based Watermarking For Images, Arvind Kumar Parthasarathy Jan 2006

Improved Content Based Watermarking For Images, Arvind Kumar Parthasarathy

LSU Master's Theses

Due to improvements in imaging technologies and the ease with which digital content can be created and manipulated, there is need for the copyright protection of digital content. It is also essential to have techniques for authentication of the content as well as the owner. To this end, this thesis proposes a robust and transparent scheme of watermarking that exploits the human visual systems’ sensitivity to frequency, along with local image characteristics obtained from the spatial domain, improving upon the content based image watermarking scheme of Kay and Izquierdo. We implement changes in this algorithm without much distortion to the …

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Overview Of Cogeneration At Lsu, Robert,Jr. Buckley Jan 2006

Overview Of Cogeneration At Lsu, Robert,Jr. Buckley

LSU Master's Theses

Cogeneration (or Combined Heat and Power) continues to gain importance in power production because of its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and flexibility. Louisiana State University (LSU) recently began operation of a new 20 MW cogeneration system. This new facility can serve as a useful learning tool for chemical and mechanical engineering students throughout their education at LSU. The goal of this project is to develop educational modules utilizing the cogeneration system which have industrial significance. Educational modules will include: a comparison of ideal gas versus real gas thermodynamics for a cogeneration optimization problem, a cogeneration data reconciliation problem, and a …

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Modeling Fabrication And Characterization Of A Bio-Micro Thermoelectric Device For Highly Localized Temperature Control, Aparna Prabhakar Jan 2006

Modeling Fabrication And Characterization Of A Bio-Micro Thermoelectric Device For Highly Localized Temperature Control, Aparna Prabhakar

LSU Master's Theses

There is an ever expanding interaction between the fields of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and biology to develop devices to monitor, control and act on living systems. Particularly in the field of cryobiology, there is a need to monitor and control temperature at the cellular level. An important step towards achieving this aim is to fabricate an array of microscale thermoelectric actuators. As a first step for towards achieving such localized control of temperatures in cells and tissues, an array of individually addressable micro-thermoelectric coolers (µTECs) were modeled, characterized, and fabricated. Prefabrication experimentation and modeling were carried out to understand the …

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Development And Application Of Methods For Evaluation Of Hurricane Shelters, James P. Gregg Jan 2006

Development And Application Of Methods For Evaluation Of Hurricane Shelters, James P. Gregg

LSU Master's Theses

With the population of hurricane prone regions increasing, it has become more difficult to evacuate entire communities, increasing the need for hurricane shelters in coastal areas. Community officials generally use American Red Cross Standard ARC 4496 to evaluate the suitability of buildings for use as shelters.. ARC 4496 uses a least-risk process that evaluates many building and site characteristics. However, it does not address characteristics of the approaching storm and does not provide insight to the expected hazards and performance of the facility under different hurricane conditions. A new method for evaluating facilities for use as hurricane shelters is proposed. …

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A New Method To Determine Radiative Properties Of Rough Solid Surfaces, Raghu Nandan Mutukulla Jan 2006

A New Method To Determine Radiative Properties Of Rough Solid Surfaces, Raghu Nandan Mutukulla

LSU Master's Theses

The radiative properties of the rough surfaces are important both from fundamental and practical standpoint. Thus, there is a need to determine the effect of roughness on radiative properties of materials accurately, as these properties effect the performance of electronic devices, communication devices, optical sensors, and furnaces, amongst others. The effects of roughness are assessed by measuring the reflection coefficients from the carbon rod surfaces and steel 1086 samples over the range of angles 25 to 75 in the visible range and near infrared region. Different levels of roughness are induced on the surfaces by utilizing different grid size sand-paper …

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Heat Transfer And Flow Characteristics Inside A Gas Turbine Combustor, Yap-Sheng Goh Jan 2006

Heat Transfer And Flow Characteristics Inside A Gas Turbine Combustor, Yap-Sheng Goh

LSU Master's Theses

Heat transfer and flow characteristics inside a typical can-annulus gas turbine combustor are investigated. This is the first study in a public domain to focus on the convective heat loads to combustor liner due to swirling flow generated by swirler nozzles. The objectives of this study are to physically design an experimental combustor test model, to perform local accurate heat transfer and flow measurements, and to better understand the fundamental thermo-fluid dynamic effects inside a combustor equipped with a swirler nozzle provided by Solar Turbines Inc. The local temperature and heat transfer distribution were determined to locate the heat transfer …

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Design Of Linear Boolean Network Codes For Combination Networks, Shoupei Li Jan 2006

Design Of Linear Boolean Network Codes For Combination Networks, Shoupei Li

LSU Master's Theses

Network coding is a promising technique to improve the throughput of communication networks. In the thesis, we investigate linear Boolean network codes on a special class of multicast networks, called combination networks. Using companion matrices of primitive polynomials over finite fields, we design a class of symmetric linear Boolean network codes from Reed-Solomon codes for single-source combination networks. We also prove that, for some cases, the linear Boolean network codes are optimal in the sense of minimum network uses. In the thesis, we further consider two-source network coding problem for combination networks and other specific networks. We develop a method …

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Calibration Of Flexural Design Of Concrete Members Reinforced With Frp Bars, Sujata Nandkumar Kulkarni Jan 2006

Calibration Of Flexural Design Of Concrete Members Reinforced With Frp Bars, Sujata Nandkumar Kulkarni

LSU Master's Theses

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have been increasingly accepted in the construction industry as a promising substitute for steel. Bridge deck deterioration is one of the most common deficiencies in a bridge system. The use of FRP bars as reinforcement for concrete bridge decks provides a potential for increased service life, economic, and environmental benefits. This research presents the development of resistance models for concrete members (beams and slabs) reinforced with FRP bars (FRP-RC), for carrying out reliability analysis. The scope of this model is limited to the flexural behavior only; i.e. the failures are not shear failure and debonding. …

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Hydrate Dissociation During Drilling Through In-Situ Hydrate Formations, Erdem Catak Jan 2006

Hydrate Dissociation During Drilling Through In-Situ Hydrate Formations, Erdem Catak

LSU Master's Theses

Natural gas hydrates are thought to be the future hydrocarbon source of the energy hungry world. Tremendous amount of research has been done to investigate the feasibility of gas production from the hydrate formations. In this direction, three basic production methods, thermal stimulation, depressurization and thermodynamic inhibitor injection have been proposed to produce hydrocarbons off the hydrates. On the other hand, they present high potential risk of drilling hazards, such as severe gasification of drilling fluid, casing collapse due to increase in pressure after dissociation of hydrate zone, and instability of ocean floor, which may cause a platform failure. Scientists …

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Em Algorithm For Multiple Wideband Source Localization, Kiran Kumar Mada Jan 2006

Em Algorithm For Multiple Wideband Source Localization, Kiran Kumar Mada

LSU Master's Theses

A computationally efficient algorithm using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for multiple wideband source localization in the near field of a sensor array/area is addressed in this thesis. Our idea is to decompose the observed sensor data, which is a superimposition of multiple sources, into the individual components in the frequency domain and then estimate the corresponding location parameters associated with each component separately. Instead of the conventional alternating projection (AP) method, we propose to adopt the EM algorithm in this work; our new method involves two steps, namely Expectation (E-step) and Maximization (M-step). In the E-step, the individual incident source …

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Compositional Effects On Gas-Oil Interfacial Tension And Miscibility At Reservoir Conditions, Daryl Sean Sequeira Jan 2006

Compositional Effects On Gas-Oil Interfacial Tension And Miscibility At Reservoir Conditions, Daryl Sean Sequeira

LSU Master's Theses

Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is an important optimization parameter for an enhanced oil recovery process involving Carbon Dioxide or hydrocarbon gas injection. Therefore an accurate experimental measurement is required to determine the MMP. The MMP for a gas-oil system is directly related to the interfacial tension between the injected gas and the reservoir crude oil. When CO2 gas contacts the reservoir oil at reservoir temperature, the interfacial tension between the fluid-fluid phases reduces as the miscibility is approached and the interface between the fluid-fluid phases eventually disappears at miscibility i.e. the interfacial tension becomes zero. Hence, a pressure condition of …

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Mapping A Weak Hypercube On An Optical Slab Waveguide, Divya Rengan Jan 2006

Mapping A Weak Hypercube On An Optical Slab Waveguide, Divya Rengan

LSU Master's Theses

The communication fabric of a parallel processing system is represented as a directed graph. In a weak topology a processor uses at most one incoming edge or one outgoing edge for communication at any given point in time. Currently, the data rate that can be supported on electronic interconnects is reaching its limits. Optical interconnects have been identified as one of the most promising approaches to the growing demands for today's systems. The “medium bandwidth” of an optical waveguide is huge (order of petabits per second for a 1mm2 cross-section optical slab). The challenge lies in utilizing as much of …

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A Probabilistic Approach For Modeling And Real-Time Filtering Of Freeway Detector Data, Shourie Kondagari Jan 2006

A Probabilistic Approach For Modeling And Real-Time Filtering Of Freeway Detector Data, Shourie Kondagari

LSU Master's Theses

Traffic surveillance systems are a key component for providing information on traffic conditions and supporting traffic management functions. A large amount of data is currently collected from inductive loop detector systems in the form of three macroscopic traffic parameters (speed, volume and occupancy). Such information is vital to the successful implementation of transportation data warehouses and decision support systems. The quality of data is, however, affected by erroneous observations that result from malfunctioning or mis-calibration of detectors. The open literature shows that little effort has been made to establish procedures for screening traffic observations in real-time. This study presents a …

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Accelerating Micro-Scale Pcr (Polymerase Chain Reactor) For Modular Lab-On-A-Chip System, Pin-Chuan Chen Jan 2006

Accelerating Micro-Scale Pcr (Polymerase Chain Reactor) For Modular Lab-On-A-Chip System, Pin-Chuan Chen

LSU Master's Theses

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful technique used to exponentially amplify specific DNA sequences of interest through repetitive temperature cycling. The temperatures used in PCR are typically 90°C - 94°C for denaturation, 50°C - 70°C for renaturation, and 70°C - 75°C for extension. The double-stranded helix of nucleotides, carrying the genetic information, is separated during denaturation, reacts with chemical primers during renaturation, and becomes a complete, replica, double-stranded DNA helix structure during extension. The primary drawback of current commercial benchtop PCR machine is its cycle time due to its large thermal capacitance, and micro PCR is under developing …

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Study Of Particle Growth And Breakdown In Single Size Gamma Prime Distribution And High Temperature Creep In In738lc Nickel Superalloy, Arvind Kumar Dwarapureddy Jan 2006

Study Of Particle Growth And Breakdown In Single Size Gamma Prime Distribution And High Temperature Creep In In738lc Nickel Superalloy, Arvind Kumar Dwarapureddy

LSU Master's Theses

IN738LC, a nickel based superalloy has wide applications in the gas turbine engines because of its ability to retain its strength at high temperatures involved. The stability of the γ' Ni3Al (Ti, Nb) precipitate microstructure which gives the alloy its strength is very important. After an initial annealing at 1200°C for 4 hours and water quenching, a uniform distribution of single size (70nm) γ' fine precipitates is obtained. Growth of the γ' particles, their size and distribution are studied after subsequent annealing heat treatments, conducted at different temperatures for different time periods. The average precipitate size data of …

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Compiler Assisted Cache Prefetch Using Procedure Call Hierarchy, Sheela A. Doshi Jan 2006

Compiler Assisted Cache Prefetch Using Procedure Call Hierarchy, Sheela A. Doshi

LSU Master's Theses

Microprocessor performance has been increasing at an exponential rate while memory system performance improved at a linear rate. This widening difference in performances is increasingly rendering advances in computer architecture less useful as more instructions spend more time waiting for data to be fetched from the memory after a cache miss. Data prefetching is a technique that avoids some cache misses by bringing data into the cache before it is actually needed. Different approaches to data prefetching have been developed, however existing prefetch schemes do not eliminate all cache misses and even with smaller cache miss ratio, miss latency remains …

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Fundamental Characterization Of Louisiana Hma Mixtures For The 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide, Sandeep Obulareddy Jan 2006

Fundamental Characterization Of Louisiana Hma Mixtures For The 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide, Sandeep Obulareddy

LSU Master's Theses

The main objective of this research was to develop a catalog for dynamic modulus values inputs in the 2002 Empirical and Mechanistic Guide for Design of New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures (2002 M-E Design Guide) and to examine the permanent deformation characteristics of Louisiana hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures based on four laboratory tests, namely dynamic modulus |E*|, flow number, flow time and hamburg wheel tracker test. In addition, the sensitivity of rut prediction from the 2002 M-E Design Guide, using the dynamic modulus |E*| test results was evaluated and the Witczak and Hirsch models were also evaluated, for the …

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Enhanced Degradation Of Phenanthrene And Benzo(A)Pyrene In A Field-Contaminated Sediment Inhabited By Ilyodrilus Templetoni: A Microcosm Study, Marilou Montevirgen Nabatilan Jan 2006

Enhanced Degradation Of Phenanthrene And Benzo(A)Pyrene In A Field-Contaminated Sediment Inhabited By Ilyodrilus Templetoni: A Microcosm Study, Marilou Montevirgen Nabatilan

LSU Master's Theses

The influence of the oligochaete Ilyodrilus templetoni on the degradation of phenanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene present in a field-contaminated sediment was studied in microcosm experiments. Results indicate an enhanced degradation of phenanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene in microcosms inhabited by I. templetoni. Total phenanthrene reduction was observed at an average of 9.78 % in worm microcosms, while no reduction was observed in the control microcosms. Benzo(a)pyrene reduction, on the other hand, was determined at 78.60 % and 30.04 % in worm and control microcosms, respectively. The lowest concentrations of these PAHs at the end of 97-day study were observed well below the surface …

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Designing Switches For Routing In Circuit-Switched Trees, Dinesh Prasad Venkat Rao Jan 2006

Designing Switches For Routing In Circuit-Switched Trees, Dinesh Prasad Venkat Rao

LSU Master's Theses

Reconfigurable computing provides a fast and flexible solution for intensive computing processes. Thus, it acts as a bridge between software controlled and hardware based processors. The self–reconfigurable gate array (SRGA) is a reconfigurable architecture that allows fast switching between operations on a reconfigurable device. It consists of a 2-dimensional array of processing elements (PEs) connected using a binary tree structure, called a circuit-switched tree (CST). A CST is a balanced binary tree in which leaves represent processing elements (PE) and internal nodes represent switches. The PEs in the CST communicates with each other by configuring the appropriate switches in the …

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Evaluation Of Media Influence And Practical Applications For The Use Of Static Low Density Media Filters In Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Steven Marty Bellelo Jan 2006

Evaluation Of Media Influence And Practical Applications For The Use Of Static Low Density Media Filters In Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Steven Marty Bellelo

LSU Master's Theses

Static Low Density Media filters have been used over the past two decades for nitrification and solids removal in high-density recirculating aquaculture systems. The SLDM filters are submerged biofilters which contain a plastic media with a density less than that of water. The media beds remain packed, or static, during operation except for periodic expansion of the bead bed during a backwash. More recently SLDM filters have been evaluated for secondary clarification of domestic wastewater where concurrent biological treatment and particulate removal occur within one unit. Recirculation is accomplished using airlifts which provide external aeration coupled with multiple pass removal …

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Numerical Solution Of Flow Resistance In Outflow Pathway And Intravitreal Drug Delivery In Vitrectomised Eyes, Jyoti Gururaj Kathawate Jan 2006

Numerical Solution Of Flow Resistance In Outflow Pathway And Intravitreal Drug Delivery In Vitrectomised Eyes, Jyoti Gururaj Kathawate

LSU Master's Theses

In this study, numerical computations of the ocular fluid dynamics in a human eye are presented with a perspective of understanding the mechanisms of increased flow resistance. In the present study, the TM is represented as a multilayered-graded porous structure with specific pore size and void fraction. The flow patterns and pressure distribution in anterior chamber are analyzed to delineate key flow mechanism; the shear stresses on the lens, iris and IW of SC are also examined to locate the maximum values. Inside the human eye, the largest pressure drop occurs across JCT and IW of SC. The highest pressure …

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Longitudinal Shock Wave Depolarization Of Pb(Zr₅₂Ti₄₈)O₃ Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics And Their Utilization In Explosive Pulsed Power, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Evgueni F. Talantsev, Jason Baird, Henryk Temkin, Larry L. Altgilbers, Allen H. Stults Jan 2006

Longitudinal Shock Wave Depolarization Of Pb(Zr₅₂Ti₄₈)O₃ Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics And Their Utilization In Explosive Pulsed Power, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Evgueni F. Talantsev, Jason Baird, Henryk Temkin, Larry L. Altgilbers, Allen H. Stults

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A poled lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr52Ti48)O3 (PZT) polycrystalline piezoelectric ceramic energy-carrying element of a compact explosive-driven power generator was subjected to a longitudinal explosive shock wave (the wave front traveled along the polarization vector P0). The shock compression of the element at pressures of 1.5-3.8 GPa caused almost complete depolarization of the sample. Shock wave velocity in the PZT was determined to be 3.94 ± 0.27 km/s. The electric charge stored in a ferroelectric, due to its remnant polarization, is released during a short time interval and can be transformed into pulsed power. Compact explosive-driven power sources utilizing longitudinal shock …

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