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Articles 31 - 60 of 1229
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Synthesis And Application Of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks In Rechargeable Batteries, Mohammad K. Shehab
Synthesis And Application Of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks In Rechargeable Batteries, Mohammad K. Shehab
Theses and Dissertations
Synthesis and Application of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks in Rechargeable Batteries
Mohammad K. Shehab
Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
Abstract
In recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been considered the dominant energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life. In LIBs, the traditional positive electrodes employed are mainly derived from metal-containing inorganic compounds composed of cobalt, iron, nickel, or manganese (LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, and LiFePO4) coupled with graphite as the negative electrode. Despite …
Radiation Shielding Effectiveness Of Hafnium Diboride (Hfb2) Reinforced Epoxy Composites For Enhanced Radiation Protection And Safety, Furkan Erdogan
Radiation Shielding Effectiveness Of Hafnium Diboride (Hfb2) Reinforced Epoxy Composites For Enhanced Radiation Protection And Safety, Furkan Erdogan
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the radiation shielding effectiveness of hafnium diboride (HfB2) reinforced epoxy composites, with the aim of enhancing radiation protection and safety in various applications. The study focuses on the development and characterization of HfB2-epoxy composites with varying weight percentages of HfB2 nanoparticles, as well as on the evaluation of their shielding effectiveness against gamma rays and thermal neutrons. The radiation shielding performance of the composites is assessed using gamma-ray spectroscopy and neutron counting, and the neutron attenuation efficacy is compared with that of 5% borated high-dense polyethylene. The results indicate that the HfB2-epoxy composites exhibit promising radiation shielding …
Model Based Systems Engineering Approaches To Chemicals And Materials Manufacturing, Quang Le
Model Based Systems Engineering Approaches To Chemicals And Materials Manufacturing, Quang Le
Theses and Dissertations
Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is part of a long-term trend toward model-centric approaches adopted by many engineering disciplines. This work establishes the need for an MBSE approach by reviewing the importance, complexity, and vulnerability of the U.S. chemical supply chains. The origins, work processes, modeling approaches, and supporting tools of the systems engineering discipline (SE) are discussed, along with the limitations of the current Process Systems Engineering (PSE) framework. The case is made for MBSE as a more generalizable and robust approach. Systems modeling strategies for MBSE are introduced, as well as a novel MBSE method that supports the automation …
Mechanisms Of Emulsion Destabilization: An Investigation Of Surfactant, Stabilizer, And Detergent Based Formulations Using Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy, Jordan N. Nowaczyk
Mechanisms Of Emulsion Destabilization: An Investigation Of Surfactant, Stabilizer, And Detergent Based Formulations Using Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy, Jordan N. Nowaczyk
Theses and Dissertations
Conventional approaches for studying emulsions, such as microscopy and macroscopic phase tracking, present challenges when it comes to establishing detailed mechanistic descriptions of the impact of emulsifier and stabilizer additives. Additionally, while a combination of sizing methods and macroscopic phase tracking can provide insights into droplet size changes and concentration, the use of multiple measurements can be cumbersome and error-prone. It is the focus of this work, to present a new method for studying water in oil (W/O) emulsions that involves using diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) to examine the impact of three different surface stabilizing additives at varying concentrations. By …
Machine Learning Models To Automate Radiotherapy Structure Name Standardization, Priyankar Bose
Machine Learning Models To Automate Radiotherapy Structure Name Standardization, Priyankar Bose
Theses and Dissertations
Structure name standardization is a critical problem in Radiotherapy planning systems to correctly identify the various Organs-at-Risk, Planning Target Volumes and `Other' organs for monitoring present and future medications. Physicians often label anatomical structure sets in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images with nonstandard random names. Hence, the standardization of these names for the Organs at Risk (OARs), Planning Target Volumes (PTVs), and `Other' organs is a vital problem. Prior works considered traditional machine learning approaches on structure sets with moderate success. We compare both traditional methods and deep neural network-based approaches on the multimodal vision-language prostate cancer …
Characterization And Decoding Of Speech Activity From Intracranial Signals, Pedram Zanganeh Soroush
Characterization And Decoding Of Speech Activity From Intracranial Signals, Pedram Zanganeh Soroush
Theses and Dissertations
Speech is the first and foremost means of human communication. Millions of people worldwide suffer from severe speech disorders due to neurological diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brain stem stroke, and severe paralysis. A speech neuroprosthesis that decodes speech directly from neural signals could dramatically improve life for these individuals. Recent studies have demonstrated that it is possible to decode and synthesize various aspects of acoustic speech directly from intracranial measurements of electrophysiological brain activity. For those who have completely lost the ability to speak, the objective is to synthesize acoustic speech directly from brain activity during imagined …
Investigating Tgf-Β1 And Fibronectin Signaling In Low Oxygen Environments, Caitlin E. Williams
Investigating Tgf-Β1 And Fibronectin Signaling In Low Oxygen Environments, Caitlin E. Williams
Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, second to lung cancer. It’s one of the most well-known cancers, with almost 300,000 new cases estimated to be diagnosed in 2023. Breast cancer often begins in ductal epithelial cells, and these cells will typically undergo a cellular transformation process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in early stages. Breast cancer becomes deadly when it reaches a metastatic stage. As a part of the metastatic process, transformed cells will conduct remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to allow for migration of an otherwise non-migratory cell type.
As dense tumors form, …
Optimal Design Of Bacterial Carpets For Fluid Pumping, Minghao W. Rostami, Weifan Liu, Amy Buchmann, Eva Strawbridge, Longhua Zhao
Optimal Design Of Bacterial Carpets For Fluid Pumping, Minghao W. Rostami, Weifan Liu, Amy Buchmann, Eva Strawbridge, Longhua Zhao
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Study Of Cardiovascular Dynamics During Graded Head-Up Tilt Test In The Young With Syncope Tendency, Martin A. Miranda Sr
Study Of Cardiovascular Dynamics During Graded Head-Up Tilt Test In The Young With Syncope Tendency, Martin A. Miranda Sr
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Assisting End-Users In Creating Chatbots By Improving Training Data, Aparna Roy, Chris Egersdoerfer
Assisting End-Users In Creating Chatbots By Improving Training Data, Aparna Roy, Chris Egersdoerfer
Summer REU Program
No abstract provided.
Investigating Traction Forces Of Breast Cancer K14+ Leader Cells In Tumor Organoids, Ella Ramamurthy, Jessanne Lichtenberg, Priscilla Hwang
Investigating Traction Forces Of Breast Cancer K14+ Leader Cells In Tumor Organoids, Ella Ramamurthy, Jessanne Lichtenberg, Priscilla Hwang
Summer REU Program
No abstract provided.
Nlp@Vcu: Crop Characteristic Extraction Framework, Cora Lewis, Bridget Mcinnes, Getiria Onsongo
Nlp@Vcu: Crop Characteristic Extraction Framework, Cora Lewis, Bridget Mcinnes, Getiria Onsongo
Summer REU Program
We developed a crop characteristic extraction framework. Starting from a custom SpaCy named entity recognition model, we added pre-trained word embeddings and a part-of-speech based entity expansion post-processing step. Then, we implemented an evaluation framework that functioned as a 5-fold cross validation wrapper for SpaCy custom training. Preliminary results showed improvement in the extraction framework after these additions.
Evaluation Of Cell-Matrix Interactions In K14+ Leader Cells On Caf-Modulated Matrix, Trey P. Redman, Jessanne Y. Lichtenberg, Priscilla Y. Hwang
Evaluation Of Cell-Matrix Interactions In K14+ Leader Cells On Caf-Modulated Matrix, Trey P. Redman, Jessanne Y. Lichtenberg, Priscilla Y. Hwang
Summer REU Program
No abstract provided.
Exploiting The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein Components To Guide Molecular Level Entry Of A Bag-1 Inhibitor In The Treatment Of Breast And Lung Cancers, Malak Yasin, Michael Peters, Mo Jiang
Exploiting The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein Components To Guide Molecular Level Entry Of A Bag-1 Inhibitor In The Treatment Of Breast And Lung Cancers, Malak Yasin, Michael Peters, Mo Jiang
Summer REU Program
Chemoresistance of lung cancer cells is the primary reason as to why limitations occur with cancer treatments. A protein, known as BAG-1 is responsible for many cellular activities including cellular stress response, cell growth, and apoptosis (regulated cell death). When overexpressed, the protein has been linked to the anti-apoptotic behavior of cancer cells. BAG-1 can combine to heat shock proteins (HSPs), a family of helical molecular chaperones that are known to aid in the maturation of proteins, refolding, and degradation. This response plays a crucial role in the study of chemoresistance in cancer patients due to its detrimental nature. Prior, …
Optimization Of An Automated Algorithm For Analysis Of Spontaneous Rhythmic Bladder Contractions During Urodynamics Testing, Isabelle Pummill, Rui Li, Zachary Cullingsworth, Adam Klausner, John Speich
Optimization Of An Automated Algorithm For Analysis Of Spontaneous Rhythmic Bladder Contractions During Urodynamics Testing, Isabelle Pummill, Rui Li, Zachary Cullingsworth, Adam Klausner, John Speich
Summer REU Program
No abstract provided.
Understanding Structure/Process-Property Relationships To Optimize Development Lifecycle In Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Aerogels For Thermal Management, Rebecca C. Walker
Understanding Structure/Process-Property Relationships To Optimize Development Lifecycle In Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Aerogels For Thermal Management, Rebecca C. Walker
Theses and Dissertations
Aerogels are mesoporous materials with unique properties, including high specific surface area, high porosity, low thermal conductivity, and low density, increasing these materials’ effectiveness in applications such as catalyst supports, sorption media, and electrodes in solid oxide fuel cells. Zirconia (ZrO2) aerogels have special interest for high-temperature applications due to the high melting point of ZrO2 (2715°C) and stability between 600°C and 1000°C, where other aerogel systems often begin to sinter and densify. These properties and unique pore structure make zirconia aerogels advantageous as thermal management systems, especially in aeronautics and aerospace applications. However, to be effective …
Rational Design Of Flexible And Stretchable Electronics Based On 3d Printing, Yuanhang Yang
Rational Design Of Flexible And Stretchable Electronics Based On 3d Printing, Yuanhang Yang
Theses and Dissertations
Flexible and stretchable electronics have been considered as the key component for the next generation of flexible devices. There are many approaches to prepare the devices, such as dip coating, spin coating, Mayer bar coating, filtration and transfer, and printing, etc. The effectiveness of these methods has been proven, but some drawbacks cannot be ignored, such as lacking pattern control, labor consuming, requiring complex pretreatment, wasting conductive materials, etc.
In this investigation, we propose to adopt 3D printing technology to design flexible and stretchable electronics. The objective is to rationally design flexible and stretchable sensors, simplify the preparation process, form …
Therapeutic Injectable Iron-Chelating Hydrogels, Debbie Campbell-Rance
Therapeutic Injectable Iron-Chelating Hydrogels, Debbie Campbell-Rance
Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Therapeutic Injectable Iron-Chelating Hydrogels for Improved Central Nervous System Regeneration
By
Debbie S. Campbell-Rance
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University 2021.
Director: Xuejun Wen, M.D., Ph.D., AIMBE Fellow, Alice T. and William H. Goodwin Jr. Endowed Chair Professor in Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Engineering and Medicine, Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering
Severe traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries are major global public health and socioeconomic problems in terms of mortality and morbidity. Currently there are two main lines of treatment under development for …
A Highly Conductive, Flexible, And 3d-Printable Carbon Nanotube-Elastomer Ink For Additive Bio-Manufacturing, Andy Shar, Phillip Glass, Daeha Joung Ph.D.
A Highly Conductive, Flexible, And 3d-Printable Carbon Nanotube-Elastomer Ink For Additive Bio-Manufacturing, Andy Shar, Phillip Glass, Daeha Joung Ph.D.
Undergraduate Research Posters
The synthesis of a highly conductive, flexible, 3D-printable, and biocompatible ink has been of great interest in the field of bio-based additive manufacturing. Various applications include ultra-sensitive, microscale tactile sensors, patient-customizable scaffolds for cardiac and nerve tissue regeneration, and flexible electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes. Here, a novel elastomeric carbon nanocomposite is presented consisting of amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT-NH2) homogenously dispersed in a one-part room-temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone matrix. The use of acetone as a swelling solvent aids in electrical percolation through the elastomer matrix. CNT-NH2 ratios can be tuned to fit various needs; higher tensile strength is favored …
Changeset-Based Retrieval Of Source Code Artifacts For Bug Localization, Agnieszka Ciborowska
Changeset-Based Retrieval Of Source Code Artifacts For Bug Localization, Agnieszka Ciborowska
Theses and Dissertations
Modern software development is extremely collaborative and agile, with unprecedented speed and scale of activity. Popular trends like continuous delivery and continuous deployment aim at building, fixing, and releasing software with greater speed and frequency. Bug localization, which aims to automatically localize bug reports to relevant software artifacts, has the potential to improve software developer efficiency by reducing the time spent on debugging and examining code. To date, this problem has been primarily addressed by applying information retrieval techniques based on static code elements, which are intrinsically unable to reflect how software evolves over time. Furthermore, as prior approaches frequently …
Modeling Pa-233 Generation In Thorium-Fueled Reactors For Safeguards, Victoria Davis
Modeling Pa-233 Generation In Thorium-Fueled Reactors For Safeguards, Victoria Davis
Theses and Dissertations
Thorium has been researched for many decades as a possible alternative to uranium nuclear fuel. Thorium can be implemented in many different reactor designs including pressurized water reactors (PWRs), pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs), and molten salt reactors (MSRs). Its abundance in the earth, decreased long-lived transuranic waste, and claims that there are fewer proliferation concerns contribute to the attractiveness of using thorium as alternative nuclear fuel. However, possible proliferation pathways have been noted and must be investigated, particularly the potential diversion of 233Pa which can then decay to 233U – special fissionable material that should be under …
Molten Salt Technologies For Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles And Molten Salt Reactors, Dimitris Killinger
Molten Salt Technologies For Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles And Molten Salt Reactors, Dimitris Killinger
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation provides five topics—an assessment of different monitoring and analytical techniques often cited in the literature for molten salt systems and designs for nuclear engineering applications. First, we explored commonly used materials for quasi-reference electrodes in molten chloride salts. Second, the limitations of the electrochemical analysis known as cyclic voltammetry due to the concentration of uranium(III) present were being investigated. Third, we provided an experimental assessment on the development of a spectroelectrochemical cell for interrogating various spectroelectrochemical techniques, namely chronoabsorptometry and chronofluorometry, and their limitations due to the presence of uranium(III) ions. Fourth, a study on the corrosion resistance …
The L1-Norm Regularized L1-Norm Best-Fit Line Problem And Applications, Xiao Ling
The L1-Norm Regularized L1-Norm Best-Fit Line Problem And Applications, Xiao Ling
Theses and Dissertations
The best-fit subspace or low-rank approximation of a data matrix revolves
around the norm approximation technique. l2-norm criterion is probably the most
widely used norm for fitting subspaces. As the computational power increases, the
l1-norm analogue has recently gained attention from the academic community. It is
widely agreed that the l1 norm is insensitive to outliers, compared to its l2 variant.
Because of the polyhedral structure interrelated with linear programming (LP),
the l0 norm is commonly relaxed into the l1-norm problem to induce sparsity in
models. In this work, we examine …
Effects Of Additive Manufacturing Techniques On The Magnetocaloric Properties And Chemical Stability Of Lafexcoysi13-X-Y Alloys, Binyam Wodajo
Effects Of Additive Manufacturing Techniques On The Magnetocaloric Properties And Chemical Stability Of Lafexcoysi13-X-Y Alloys, Binyam Wodajo
Theses and Dissertations
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging process to fabricate net shape, intricate, engineering components with minimal material waste; however, traditionally it has been largely applied to structural materials. AM of functional materials, such as magnetic materials, has received much less attention and the field is still in its infancy. To date, AM of magnetocaloric regenerators for magnetic refrigeration (an energy-efficient alternative to the conventional vapor-compression cooling technology), remains a challenge. There are several magnetic refrigerator device designs in existence today that are predicted to be highly energy-efficient, on condition that suitable working materials can be developed. This challenge in manufacturing …
Improving The Early Detection Of Cardiovascular Toxicity Secondary To Radiotherapy For Lung Cancer Via Patient-Specific Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Alireza Omidi
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: To assess the cardiopulmonary-induced dose variation on the left ventricle (LV) and evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of cardiac/aortic function following radiotherapy (RT).
Methods: 8 lung cancer patients who were scheduled to receive RT were recruited for this study. Each patient underwent one 4D-CT at baseline. MRI scans including cine GRE, T1/T2, LGE, and 4D-flow were acquired at baseline, 3-months and 6-months post-RT to evaluate the cardiac/aortic function. Finally, image registration was used to assess the cardiopulmonary-induced dose variation on the LV.
Results: Mean RT-dose was minimum during inspiration and systole (at expiration). No significant differences were found in the …
Cadent Diffusion: Permeating The Membrane, Isabella M. Kubo
Cadent Diffusion: Permeating The Membrane, Isabella M. Kubo
Theses and Dissertations
cadent diffusion: permeating the membrane explores and documents KUBO's journey of cultivating a sustainable and curious artistic practice during their Master’s program in Richmond, Virginia (Powhatan Land) from the Fall of 2020 to the Spring of 2022.
KUBO's practice is the affirmation between life and change in an attempt to work along the forces of singularity; to free lines, scores, concepts, and events from structures that otherwise bind them.The cadent diffusion is the rhythm in this force. Or perhaps, it is the force itself.
Machine Learning (Ml) - Assisted Tools For Enhancing Security And Privacy Of Edge Devices, Santosh Kumar Nukavarapu
Machine Learning (Ml) - Assisted Tools For Enhancing Security And Privacy Of Edge Devices, Santosh Kumar Nukavarapu
Theses and Dissertations
The rapid growth of edge-based IoT devices, their use cases, and autonomous communication has created new challenges with privacy and security. Side-channel attacks are one of the examples of security and privacy vulnerabilities that can cause inference at Internet-Service Provider (ISP) and local Wi-Fi networks. Such an attack would leak user’s sensitive information such as home occupancy, medical activity, and daily routines. Another example is that these devices have weak authentication and low encryption standards, making them an easy target for malware-based attacks such as denial of service or launching other network attacks using these infected devices. This thesis dissertation …
Therapeutic Approaches For Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Franck J. Kamga Gninzeko
Therapeutic Approaches For Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Franck J. Kamga Gninzeko
Theses and Dissertations
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is characterized by shortness of breath and low oxygen levels. RDS affects the neonatal and adult populations. In the neonatal population, RDS can be classified as NRDS (Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome), while in adults, it is known as ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome). This dissertation examines a therapeutic approach to NRDS and a mechanistic approach to ARDS with in vivo and in vitro models of lung injury. NRDS is characterized by a deficiency or lack of surfactant. Surfactant is an essential compound composed of phospholipids and proteins to prevent the lungs from collapsing. There are several …
Learning Robot Motion From Creative Human Demonstration, Charles C. Dietzel
Learning Robot Motion From Creative Human Demonstration, Charles C. Dietzel
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents a learning from demonstration framework that enables a robot to learn and perform creative motions from human demonstrations in real-time. In order to satisfy all of the functional requirements for the framework, the developed technique is comprised of two modular components, which integrate together to provide the desired functionality. The first component, called Dancing from Demonstration (DfD), is a kinesthetic learning from demonstration technique. This technique is capable of playing back newly learned motions in real-time, as well as combining multiple learned motions together in a configurable way, either to reduce trajectory error or to generate entirely …
Cruser Place Green Streets Plan, Neal Friedman
Cruser Place Green Streets Plan, Neal Friedman
Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects
Combining green and complete street design techniques leads to multiple environmental, social and economic benefits that often enhance each other's effectiveness. In urban areas confronting increased pressures of sea level rise, green streets, which incorporate landscaped features or vegetative areas to manage stormwater within the right of way, can be crucial pieces of pedestrian oriented urban design and multimodal planning frameworks that consider and plan for diverse, complementary transportation options. This plan works with the Colonial Place and Riverview Civic League as well as the Norfolk Preservation Collective to come up with green street design recommendations in order to strengthen …