Digital Commons Network^™

Tri-Level Hierarchical Coordinated Control Of A Largescale Electric Vehicle Charging In The Smart Grid, Tawfiq M. Aljohani

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are considered one of humanity's greatest hopes to combat the climate change crises in light of their great potentials to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions from two main sources: the electric power industry and the fossil-based transportation sector. To help expedite the large-scale adoption of EVs on the roads, optimal solutions are needed to overcome the technical and operational barriers that face the electrical network. This is due to the introduction of significant load levels from EVs; a substantial number is expected during peak demand hours. This dissertation addresses the various interaction between different parts of the …

Impact-Based Analytics Of Cascaded False Data Injection Attacks On Smart Grids, Mohamadsaleh Jafari

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The composition of communication lines and bidirectional smart devices in smart grids makes them greatly vulnerable to cyber-attacks. False data injection attacks (FDIAs) are of the most widespread cyber-attacks severely affecting the performance of smart grids that need to be analyzed. In this context, we analyze the feasibility of launching FDIAs in power systems with high renewables leading to false relay operations (FRO). By modeling the frequency dynamics of power systems, formalizing the FRO attack as a constraint satisfaction problem, our case studies show that power grids with renewables are more susceptible to FRO attacks. Moreover, the results suggest that …

Investigating Mode Choice Of Ridesourcing Services: Accounting For Attitudes And Market Segmentation, Ghazaleh Azimi

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The phenomenal development of ridesourcing is possibly one of the greatest revolutions that have happened to transportation networks. Ridesourcing improves mobility and mitigates traffic congestion by reducing vehicle ownership and serving as a first/last-mile feeder to public transportation. This tremendous growth created a burgeoning literature exploring ridesourcing users' characteristics, yet there is no clear picture of its market. In the absence of sufficient information, policymakers face a major challenge in planning equitable and accessible transportation systems. This dissertation presents a detailed analysis of individuals’ decisions to adopt ridesourcing, focusing on three main objectives that have not been addressed previously. First, …

Machine Learning For Multiclass Classification And Prediction Of Alzheimer's Disease, Solale Tabarestani

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and a common form of dementia. This research aims to develop machine learning algorithms that diagnose and predict the progression of AD from multimodal heterogonous biomarkers with a focus placed on the early diagnosis. To meet this goal, several machine learning-based methods with their unique characteristics for feature extraction and automated classification, prediction, and visualization have been developed to discern subtle progression trends and predict the trajectory of disease progression.

The methodology envisioned aims to enhance both the multiclass classification accuracy and prediction outcomes by effectively modeling the interplay between the multimodal …

Investigating The Impacts Of Sea Level Rise-Induced High Groundwater Table On Florida Flexible Pavement Structural Performance, Mehmet Goksel Gocmez

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis evaluates the impacts of sea-level rise-induced high groundwater table on the structural performance of typical Florida interstate, arterial, and local flexible pavements. Pavement longevity was determined under rising groundwater table level conditions using two analytical methods; the mechanistic-empirical (ME) analysis software and the current Florida empirical analysis practice. Moreover, ABAQUS and KENLAYER software were utilized to analyze the impacts of stress-dependent material nonlinearity on pavement structural performance.

Analysis results estimated that the pavement service life in Florida was reduced by as much as 77 percent with the effects of rising groundwater levels. The empirical method predicted higher rates …

Aptamer-Based Voltammetric Biosensing For The Detection Of Codeine And Fentanyl In Sweat And Saliva, Rosa Lashantez Cromartie

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the many governmental and medicinal restrictions created to combat the opioid epidemic in the United States, opioid abuse and overdose rates continue to rise. The development of an aptamer-based voltammetric sensor and biosensor is described in this dissertation. The aim was to develop a low-cost, sensitive, and specific aptamer-based sensor for on-site, label-free determination of codeine and fentanyl in biological fluids. To do this, the surfaces of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) were modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), followed by the addition of single-stranded DNA aptamers. These were covalently bound to the electrode surface. Operations of the sensors were collected …

Dynamic Flood Management At The Watershed Scale, Linlong S. Bian

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Floods have threatened people’s lives and property for all of human history. Consequently, developing and implementing effective flood mitigation strategies is a constant necessity to protect against the damage caused by floods. This dissertation proposes a dynamic water storage management strategy for flood mitigation at the watershed scale. This strategy aims to release water in a coordinated manner from water storage units before a rainfall event, leading to the entire watershed becoming more effective for flood mitigation.

Three main contributions were developed to achieve this strategy. First, a Deterministic Topographic Wetland Index (DTWI) was developed for rapidly identifying the existing …

The Corrosion Inhibition Behavior Of Thermally Aged Chromate Conversion Coating Applied To Aerospace Aluminum 2219, Michelle Stephane Pierre

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

NASA Kennedy Space Center’s technical standard for corrosion protection of space flight hardware provides guidance concerning temperature restrictions and exposure limits for processing unpainted chromate conversion coatings (CCC) for the Orion crew space vehicle as part of the Artemis program. The standard requires that all CCC treated flight hardware components be fully coated within seven days with a maximum storage time of seven days at ambient temperatures (much less time at higher temperatures). Currently, there is no literature nor qualified industry testing supporting the exposure limits set by the standard. The standard is quite restrictive to processing flight components. In …

Non-Invasive Techniques Towards Recovering Highly Secure Unclonable Cryptographic Keys And Detecting Counterfeit Memory Chips, Bashir Mohammad Sabquat Bahar Talukder

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to the ubiquitous presence of memory components in all electronic computing systems, memory-based signatures are considered low-cost alternatives to generate unique device identifiers (IDs) and cryptographic keys. On the one hand, this unique device ID can potentially be used to identify major types of device counterfeitings such as remarked, overproduced, and cloned. On the other hand, memory-based cryptographic keys are commercially used in many cryptographic applications such as securing software IP, encrypting key vault, anchoring device root of trust, and device authentication for could services. As memory components generate this signature in runtime rather than storing them in memory, …

Evaluation And Damage Detection Of Highway Bridges With Distinct Vulnerabilities, Mohammad Abedin

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bridge failures over the past few decades have shown conventional bridge monitoring is insufficient to effectively evaluate the safety of this important piece of infrastructure. Therefore, new methods for bridge monitoring and special considerations in bridge design are needed to ensure the health of these structures as they continue to age and prevent the possibility of catastrophic collapses. The objective of this research is to explore new means for detecting damage in bridge members during normal operations that are both accurate and affordable at the same time. However, to make any damage detection method effective and efficient, the behavior of …

Challenges Of Inductive Electric Vehicle Charging Systems In Both Stationary And Dynamic Modes, Hassan Jafari Mr

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Inductive power transfer as an emerging technology has become applicable in wide power ranges including Electric Vehicle, Electric Aircraft, wheelchair, cellphone, scooter and so on. Among them, inductive Electric Vehicle (EV) charging has gained great interest in the last decade due to many merits namely contactless technology, more convenience, full automotive charging process. However, inductive EV charging systems could bring about so many issues and concerns which are addressed in this dissertation. One of the critical challenges addressed in this dissertation is a virtual inertia based IPT controller to prevent the undesirable dynamics imposed by the EVs increasing number in …

Epoxy Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Dowel Splice For Prestressed Precast Concrete Pile, Saman Farhangdoust

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to limitations in operation, shipping difficulties, and unforeseen soil conditions, it often happens that splicing of precast-prestressed concrete pile (PPCP) segments has to be performed at the construction site to achieve longer lengths. In order to splice PPCPs, Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), and Stainless Steel (SS) dowels can be used as corrosion-resistant bars. In addition to their durability and superb mechanical performance, GFRP bars show cost advantage when compared to other corrosion-resistant materials. The objective of this study is to investigate the flexural behavior and effectiveness of the GFRP dowel and compare its …

Novel Attacks And Defenses For Enterprise Internet-Of-Things (E-Iot) Systems, Luis C. Puche Rondon

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This doctoral dissertation expands upon the field of Enterprise Internet-of-Things (E-IoT) systems, one of the most ubiquitous and under-researched fields of smart systems. E-IoT systems are specialty smart systems designed for sophisticated automation applications (e.g., multimedia control, security, lighting control). E-IoT systems are often closed source, costly, require certified installers, and are more robust for their specific applications. This dissertation begins with an analysis of the current E-IoT threat landscape and introduces three novel attacks and defenses under-studied software and protocols heavily linked to E-IoT systems. For each layer, we review the literature for the threats, attacks, and countermeasures. Based …

Full-Scale Experimental Modeling To Study Wind-Induced Vibrations, Wind Driven Rain And Their Effects On Curtainwall Window Systems, Krishna Sai Vutukuru

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lewis Fry Richardson famously summarized turbulence as big whirls have little whirls, that feed on their velocity and little whirls have lesser whirls, and so on to viscosity. Big whirls/eddies typically affect the whole building structure whereas small eddies cause local area pressures causing damage to building components. Oncoming wind may carry high energy content due to these small eddies in the high-frequency range and sometimes these frequencies fall in the range of natural frequency of building components. These small eddies may cause response amplification due to this resonance, which is currently not considered in design codes such as ASCE …

Digital Processing Of Magnetic, Angular-Rate And Gravity Signals For Human-Computer Interaction, Neeranut Ratchatanantakit

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation pursued the definition and evaluation of a processing approach for robust real-time orientation estimation of a miniature Magnetic, Angular-Rate, Gravity (MARG) module for use in a human-computer interaction system that also uses a 3-camera IR-video module for position estimation. The proposed algorithm introduces the novel idea of spatially mapping the level of trustworthiness of the magnetometer-based potential corrections to the orientation estimate. This trustworthiness level is used to reduce the strength of magnetometer-based corrections of the orientation estimate where the magnetic field distortion invalidates the assumptions necessary for those corrections.

The new algorithm addresses the three research questions …

Zinc-Oxide Nanostructure-Based Wearable Biosensor Platform For Sweat Analysis, Fahmida Alam

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this research is to develop highly sensitive, flexible, wearable enzymatic and immuno-sensor arrays for continuous and selective sensing of ethanol, lactate, and glucose in human sweat. Human sweat has clinical importance and has been recommended as an early pointer for many health conditions and diseases. Thus, for many health applications, point-of-care non-invasive monitoring of different biomarkers in sweat is ultimately important. The major challenges of the sweat analysis biosensors include selectivity, sensitivity, flexibility, sweat collection, and storage for analysis. In this research, sonochemical synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) Zinc Oxide Nanoflakes (ZnO NFs) and wearable sweat analysis biosensors …

Development Of A Miniature Pipe Crawler For Application In Fossil Energy Power Plants, Caique C. Lara

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The power generation of fossil fuel power plants relies on burning coal to generate steam. The heat exchange between the water and burned coal occurs in the combustion chamber, which operates at a high pressure and temperature. Monitoring the integrity of the tubes inside the combustion chamber is a key factor to avoid failures. However, this is not an easy task as some areas are hard to reach and the pipeline commonly has a complex geometry. Moreover, the inspection is typically manual, external and the environment is hazardous for humans. This thesis presents the development and testing of an electrically …

Correlation Of Acute Radiation Dermatitis To Tissue Oxygenation In Radiation Therapy Treated Breast Cancer Subjects, Edwin Alexander Robledo

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Over 95% of radiation therapy (RT) treated breast cancer subjects undergo an adverse skin reaction known as radiation dermatitis (RD). Assessment of severity or grading of RD is clinically visual and hence subjective. Our objective is to determine sub-clinical tissue oxygenation (StO₂) changes in response to RT treatment in breast cancer subjects using near-infrared spectroscopic imaging and correlate these changes to RD grading. A WIRB approved 6-8 week longitudinal pilot study was carried out on 10 RT-treated subjects at Miami Cancer Institute. Significant changes (p < 0.05) in StO₂ of irradiated and contralateral chest wall and axilla regions with weeks of …

Enhancing Serviceability And Resiliency Of Transportation Networks Based On Topological Credentials And Systematic Design Interventions, Md Ashraf Ahmed

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent advancements in network science showed that the topological credentials (i.e., rank of relative importance) of network components (such as nodes and links), carry significant implications as it is critical to know which components contribute the most to the overall network performance. For transportation networks, critical components (roads, bridges) may become inaccessible for adjacent traffic due to day-to-day congestion or external disruptions (i.e., man-made or natural hazards) that significantly reduce the level of service. Hence, topological credentials of critical network components based on their connectivity need to be assessed to enhance the serviceability, i.e., improved travel time experience as well …

A Deep-Dive Into Cryptojacking Malware: From An Empirical Analysis To A Detection Method For Computationally Weak Devices, Ege Tekiner

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cryptojacking is an act of using a victim's computation power without his/her consent. Unauthorized mining costs extra electricity consumption and decreases the victim host's computational efficiency dramatically. In this thesis, we perform an extensive research on cryptojacking malware from every aspects. First, we present a systematic overview of cryptojacking malware based on the information obtained from the combination of academic research papers, two large cryptojacking datasets of samples, and numerous major attack instances. Second, we created a dataset of 6269 websites containing cryptomining scripts in their source codes to characterize the in-browser cryptomining ecosystem by differentiating permissioned and permissionless cryptomining …

Using High-Speed Imaging And Machine Learning To Capture Ultrasonic Treatment Cavitation Area At Different Amplitudes, Brandon Aguiar, Paul G. Bianco, Arvind Agarwal

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

The ultrasonic treatment process strengthens metals by increasing nucleation and decreasing grain size in an energy efficient way, without having to add anything to the material. The goal of this research endeavor was to use machine learning to automatically measure cavitation area in the Ultrasonic Treatment process to understand how amplitude influences cavitation area. For this experiment, a probe was placed into a container filled with turpentine because it has a similar viscosity to liquid aluminum. The probe gyrates up and down tens of micrometers at a frequency of 20 kHz, which causes cavitations to form in the turpentine. Each …

Facilitated Release Of Doxorubicin From Biodegradable Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles, Melissa Venedicto, Cheng-Yu Lai

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death for women in the United States. The current treatment with chemotherapy drugs has significant side effects and may cause harm to healthy cells rather than cancer cells. In order to combat the potential side effects, nanoparticles composed of mesoporous silica were created to house the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX). The silica network contains the drug, and a pH study was conducted to determine the conditions for the nanoparticle to disperse the drug. The introduction of disulfide bonds within the nanoparticle created a framework to efficiently release 97% of …

Nanomechanical Properties Of Engineered Cardiomyocytes Under Electrical Stimulation, Lia Paolino, Lihua Lou, Alberto Sesena Rubfiaro, Jin He, Arvind Agarwal

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Engineered cardiomyocytes made of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) present phenotypical characteristics similar to human fetal cardiomyocytes. There are different factors that are essential for engineered cardiomyocytes to be functional, one of them being that their mechanical properties must mimic those of adult cardiomyocytes. Techniques, such as electrical stimulation, have been used to improve the extracellular matrix's alignment and organization and improve the intracellular environment. Therefore, electrical stimulation could potentially be used to enhance the mechanical properties of engineered cardiac tissue. The goal of this study is to establish the effects of electrical stimulation on the elastic modulus of engineered …

Optimization Of Dlp 3d Printed Ceramic Parts, Samuel Ovalle, E. Viamontes, Tony Thomas

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing allows for the creation of parts with advanced engineering materials and geometries difficult to produce through conventional manufacturing techniques. Photosensitive resin monomers are activated with a UV-producing LCD screen to polymerize, layer by layer, forming the desired part. With the right mixture of photosensitive resin and advanced engineering powder material, useful engineering-grade parts can be produced. The Bison 1000 is a research-grade DLP printer that permits the user to change many parameters, in order to discover an optimal method for producing 3D parts of any material of interest. In this presentation, the process parameter …

Flash Sintering Of Commercial Zirconium Nitride Powders, Diego Dubois, Amirali Eskandariyun, Suprabha Das, Andriy Durygin, Zhe Cheng

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Flash sintering is an electrical field-assisted densification technique that requires passing a current through a ceramic powder compact. Pressure-assisted flash sintering of commercially available Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) powders has been demonstrated. Near fully dense samples can be obtained within a short period of time. The influences of parameters such as electrical field strength, voltage ramping rate, current limit, external pressure, pre-heating, and holding time on the onset of the flash event were investigated. Some post-flash sintered samples were subjected to the same condition to observe if the material would experience repeated flash. In addition, material properties such as density and …

Aerodynamic Shape Multi-Objective Optimization For Sae Aero Design Competition Aircraft, Ruben Fernandez, Hernando Lugo, George S. Dulikravich

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

The SAE Regular Class Aero Design Competition requires students to design a radio-controlled aircraft with limits to the aircraft power consumption, take-off distance, and wingspan, while maximizing the amount of payload it can carry. As a result, the aircraft should be designed subject to these simultaneous and contradicting objectives: 1) minimize the aerodynamic drag force, 2) minimize the aerodynamic pitching moment, and 3) maximize the aerodynamic lift force. In this study, we optimized the geometric design variables of a biplane configuration using 3D aerodynamic analysis using the ANSYS Fluent. Coefficients of lift, drag, and pitching moment were determined from the …

Development Of A Pipe Crawler Inspection Tool For Fossil Energy Power Plants, Julie Villamil, Caique Lara, Anthony Abrahao, Aparna Aravelli, Guilherme Daldegan, Sharif Sarker, Dwayne Mcdaniel

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Fossil fuel power plants are complex systems containing multiple components that create extreme environments for the purpose of extracting usable energy. Failures in the system can lead to increased down time for the plant, reduction of power and significant cost for repairs. In the past, inspections and maintenance of the plant's superheater tubes has been predominantly manual, laborious, and extremely time consuming. This is due to the pipe's small diameter size (between 1.3 and 7.6 cm) and the coiled structure of the tubing. In addition, the tubes are often stacked close to each other, limiting access for external inspection. Detection …

Testbed For Pressure Sensors, Ana Claus, Borzooye Jafarizadeh, Azmal Huda Chowdhury, Neziah Pala, Chunlei Wang

2022 MME Undergraduate Research Symposium

Currently, several studies and experiments are being done to create a new generation of ultra-low-power wearable sensors. For instance, our group is currently working towards the development of a high-performance flexible pressure sensor. However, with the creation of new sensors, a need for a standard test method is necessary. Therefore, we opted to create a standardized testbed to evaluate the pressure applied to sensors. A pulse wave is generated when the heart pumps blood causing a change in the volume of the blood vessel. In order to eliminate the need of human subjects when testing pressure sensors, we utilized polymeric …

Integrating Compound Flood Conditions Through 2d Hydraulic Modeling For Simulating Flood Risk Processes In Coastal Cities, Francisco Pena Guerra Mr.

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Low elevation coastal karst environments are highly vulnerable to flooding conditions due to climate change. Trends in rising global temperatures have increased the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation, hydrometeorological phenomena and sea level rise, exacerbating the impact of pluvial, fluvial, coastal and groundwater flood hazards. Compound flooding events amplify flood hazards and pose a higher threat to residents and infrastructure in unison compared to independent phenomena. Recent advancements in coupling hydrologic and hydraulic modeling frameworks have improved our ability to account for the combined effects of extreme pluvial, fluvial, and coastal flood hazards. This innovation in the hydroinformatics field …

Optimization Of Safety Control System For Civil Infrastructure Construction Projects, Sudip Subedi

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Labor-intensive repetitive activities are common in civil construction projects. Construction workers are prone to developing musculoskeletal disorders-related injuries while performing such tasks. The government regulatory agency provides minimum safety requirement guidelines to the construction industry that might not be sufficient to prevent accidents and injuries in a construction site. Also, the regulations do not provide insight into what can be done beyond the mandatory requirements to maximize safety and underscore the level of safety that can be attained and sustained on a site. The research addresses the aforestated problem in three stages: (i) identification of theoretical maximum attainable level of …