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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
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Holocene Palynology Of The Gulf Of Papua, Papua New Guinea: Using Modern Palynomorph Distribution To Better Constrain Paleoenvironmental Changes, Marie Louise Thomas
Holocene Palynology Of The Gulf Of Papua, Papua New Guinea: Using Modern Palynomorph Distribution To Better Constrain Paleoenvironmental Changes, Marie Louise Thomas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Multiple NSF (National Science Foundation)-funded MARGINS Source-to-Sink cruises were conducted in the Gulf of Papua (GoP), Papua New Guinea (PNG), from 2003 through 2005 to better understand how sediment is created, transported, and deposited. Although much work has been done on the data collected during these cruises, palynological analysis has never been conducted on the hundreds of available cores. The first phase of this project (Chapters 2 and 3) examines the connection between modern depositional regimes in the GoP and species assemblages recovered. Statistical analysis of palynomaceral assemblages (Chapter 2) indicates a correlation between their distribution and bathymetry, sedimentation rate, …
Interpretation Of Geochemical Signatures From Modern Carbonate Springs To The Rock Record, Benjamin Maas
Interpretation Of Geochemical Signatures From Modern Carbonate Springs To The Rock Record, Benjamin Maas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Despite the importance of carbonate aquifers as reservoirs of oil, of water, and of carbon dioxide, questions remain about the diagenetic processes that enhance porosity and permeability. Some of the questions are: 1) what are the water-rock interactions that control the geochemistry of spring waters; 2) are the geochemical signatures of saline-fresh water mixing zones preserved in the carbonate rock record; and 3) how much carbon dioxide outgases along spring runs? To address these questions, two field sites, one in Oklahoma (the site of an active saline-fresh water mixing zone) and the other in Colorado, the location of a former …
Magnetic Susceptibility Of North American Ordovician Epicontinental Seas: Spatial Variability And Sandbian-Katian Boundary Correlation, Thomas J. Schramm
Magnetic Susceptibility Of North American Ordovician Epicontinental Seas: Spatial Variability And Sandbian-Katian Boundary Correlation, Thomas J. Schramm
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) has gained increased usage as a stratigraphic correlation tool. This project evaluates the utility of a χ correlation tool, including its shortcomings, and attempts its integration with other datasets. The Upper Ordovician of eastern North America represent the stratigraphic interval in which these experiments were conducted. 4566 samples were collected for the purposes of this study, and χ was measured on 3345 of the samples. This project includes three major facets, 1) the spatial variability of χ, 2) correlation of Sandbian-Katian boundary interval strata in eastern North America using χ, and 3) utility of χ for interpreting …
Seismic Velocity Characteristics Of Partially Saturated Unconsolidated Sediments, Jie Shen
Seismic Velocity Characteristics Of Partially Saturated Unconsolidated Sediments, Jie Shen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Seismic velocity models of the near-surface (< 30 m) better explain seismic velocities when all elements of total effective stress are considered, particularly in materials with large cohesive and soil suction stress such as clays. Traditional constitutive elastic models assume interparticle and soil suction stresses are negligible. This study proposes a new methodology which corrects total effective stress in Hertz-Mindlin theory for interparticle and soil suction and calculates the elastic moduli by extending Biot-Gassmann theory to include pressure effects induced by water saturation changes and cohesion. The proposed model predicts seismic velocities that correlate well with measured field velocities from the literature. Soil density, porosity, elastic moduli and the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) are important properties for soil characterization. Currently, geotechnical and laboratory tests for soil properties are costly and limited to point sampling sites. Seismic surveys can potentially provide laterally continuous soil property values that may complement geotechnical borehole tests with low cost. We propose a new method to invert for soil properties and the SWCC from seismic P- and S-wave velocity-vs.-depth profiles interpreted from shallow (< 25 m depth) unconsolidated sediments under conditions of near-full saturation (> 99%). The results from seismic soil property inversion are validated by comparison to geotechnical and laboratory results conducted independently in the same area as the seismic survey. Knowledge of homogeneous and heterogeneous fluid-distribution patterns is important for the estimation of oil reserves, reservoir simulation, the interpretation of time-lapse seismic, and the selection of remediation techniques for groundwater contamination. Problems exist in determining in-situ fluid-distribution patterns in unconsolidated sediments because laboratory tests on core samples may not be representative of in-situ conditions. We propose a new method to determine in-situ fluid-distribution patterns by inverting …
Using Trace Fossils To Determine The Role Of Oceanic Anoxic Event Ii On The Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway Paleoenvironment, Jacob Frederick Grosskopf
Using Trace Fossils To Determine The Role Of Oceanic Anoxic Event Ii On The Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway Paleoenvironment, Jacob Frederick Grosskopf
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Did well-oxygenated benthic conditions exist in all parts of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (CWIS) during the deposition of Bed 63 at the onset Oceanic Anoxic Event II (OAE II), as suggested by findings from two cores from the central portion of the CWIS? This problem was approached by categorizing the bioturbation that is prevalent through Bed 63 into oxygen-related ichnofabrics (ORI) in order to describe benthic oxygen conditions. These data were collected from outcrop and core among seven different sites along West–East and North–South transects that traversed portions of the CWIS with differing depositional settings and proximities to the …
Developing Recognition Criteria For Current-Wave-Enhanced Sediment Gravity Flows, Kathryn Christine Denommee
Developing Recognition Criteria For Current-Wave-Enhanced Sediment Gravity Flows, Kathryn Christine Denommee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Sedimentary fabrics preserved in the rock record provide some of the best evidence for interpreting paleo-depositional conditions. Muddy sediments in particular are important paleoenvironmental archives, preserving the most complete stratigraphic record of any rock type in basinal settings. However, the full range of mechanisms responsible for the deposition of muddy sediments, particularly in high-energy settings, remains poorly understood. Although frequently observed in modern settings, muddy prodeltaic deposits are rarely identified in the rock record, in part because no catalogue of easily distinguishable recognition criteria exists for this class of mudstones. In order to help overcome this deficiency, this dissertation project …