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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
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The Oxidation State Of Hawaiian Magmas, Michael Vollinger
The Oxidation State Of Hawaiian Magmas, Michael Vollinger
Masters Theses
In order to estimate the oxygen fugacity of Hawaiian lavas I have measured the ferric/ferrous ratios of samples from the 1984 eruption of Mauna Loa volcano and from the ongoing (1983-2017) Puu Oo eruption of Kilauea volcano. Fifteen samples were studied from the 21 day Mauna Loa eruption and 86 samples, erupted between 1983 and 2004, of the 34 year long Kilauea eruption. Both studies show that, in order to obtain reliable estimates of oxygen fugacity when, where, and how basaltic lava is sampled is of critical importance. Water-quenched lavas and spatter sampled at, or near vents, are less oxidized …
Exploring Long-Term Fault Evolution In Obliquely Loaded Systems Using Tabletop Experiments And Digital Image Correlation Techniques, Kevin Toeneboehn
Exploring Long-Term Fault Evolution In Obliquely Loaded Systems Using Tabletop Experiments And Digital Image Correlation Techniques, Kevin Toeneboehn
Masters Theses
This thesis focuses on the use of scaled physical experiments to better understand the development and long-term evolution of fault systems that are otherwise impossible to observe directly. The document is divided into three chapters. The first chapter documents the implementation of an inexpensive stereo vision method for acquiring high resolution three-dimensional strain data for table-top experiments. The second chapter applies the stereo vision method to a tectonic problem—the development of slip partitioning in obliquely loaded crustal systems. Slip partitioned fault systems accommodate oblique convergence with different slip rake on two or more faults and are well documented in the …
Petrogenesis And Concentric Zonation Of The Belchertown Intrusive Complex, West-Central Massachusetts, Karen June Van Wagner
Petrogenesis And Concentric Zonation Of The Belchertown Intrusive Complex, West-Central Massachusetts, Karen June Van Wagner
Masters Theses
The Belchertown Intrusive Complex is a ~164 km2 Devonian pluton that intruded Paleozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks in west-central Massachusetts. Intrusion of the pluton was synchronous with Acadian deformation (Ashwal, 1974). The complex is concentrically zoned, with a core of orthopyroxene-biotite monzodiorite, a middle zone of clinopyroxene-hornblende-biotite granodiorite, and an outermost zone of hornblende-biotite granodiorite. Zoning from a more to less hydrous mineral suite from the outside to the inside of the pluton led Ashwal (1974) to suggest that metamorphic hydration most strongly affected the outermost zones of the complex. Basaltic inclusions occur most commonly near the edges of …
A Combined Historical And Sedimentological Reconstruction Of Extratropical Cyclone Derived Coastal Flooding In Boston, Ma, Zachary D. Stromer
A Combined Historical And Sedimentological Reconstruction Of Extratropical Cyclone Derived Coastal Flooding In Boston, Ma, Zachary D. Stromer
Masters Theses
Many flood risk assessments are based on instrumental records less than a century in length. Sedimentary and historical archives provide the opportunity to extend flood records by several centuries to millennia. In doing so these longer flood records provide opportunities for improving upon current flood risk assessment and gaining additional insight on the various climatic and geomorphic processes that drive changes in flood frequency. Such a reconstruction has not been attempted previously for Boston, MA where extratropical cyclones (ETC) are currently the dominant mechanism of coastal flooding. Here, we present both a historical reconstruction of extreme storm tides to affect …
Volatiles In Subglacially Erupted Basaltic Glasses And Their Use In Reconstructing Paleo-Ice Thicknesses, Carver Lee
Volatiles In Subglacially Erupted Basaltic Glasses And Their Use In Reconstructing Paleo-Ice Thicknesses, Carver Lee
Masters Theses
Volatile concentrations in basaltic tuyas, edifices that form during a subglacial eruption and remain once the ice sheet has retreated, have been used to calculate the thickness of the overlying ice sheet at the onset of the eruption (Tuffen, 2010). However, subglacial eruptions are complex events and this technique does not always provide a clear answer (Schopka et al., 2006; Edwards et al., 2009). The purpose of this research is to evaluate this technique and investigate constraints on the quality of data collected by attempting to calculate the minimum ice thickness under which Hlöðufell, a tuya in south-central Iceland, erupted. …
Time Domain Sar Processing With Gpus For Airborne Platforms, Dustin Lagoy
Time Domain Sar Processing With Gpus For Airborne Platforms, Dustin Lagoy
Masters Theses
A time-domain backprojection processor for airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been developed at the University of Massachusetts’ Microwave Remote Sensing Lab (MIRSL). The aim of this work is to produce a SAR processor capable of addressing the motion compensation issues faced by frequency-domain processing algorithms, in order to create well focused SAR imagery suitable for interferometry. The time-domain backprojection algorithm inherently compensates for non-linear platform motion, dependent on the availability of accurate measurements of the motion. The implementation must manage the relatively high computational burden of the backprojection algorithm, which is done using modern graphics processing units (GPUs), programmed …