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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
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Occupational Stress And The Homosexual Police Officer, David John Barton
Occupational Stress And The Homosexual Police Officer, David John Barton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation analyzed occupational stress among homosexual officers. Previous researchers have investigated occupational stresses experienced by racial, ethnic and gender minority police officers; however, research has not examined the occupational stresses experienced by homosexual officers. This study utilized an internet survey to gather quantitative data that were statistically analyzed for similarities and differences in how homosexual officers perceive stressors common to all officers and stressors experienced only by minority subgroups, including discrimination. Because homosexual officers have the unique ability to disguise their minority status, this study also examined whether the officers' choices to reveal or conceal their sexual preference affected …
How Patrol Officers Make Decisions : Comparing A Structural Model To A Process Model, Heidi Bonner
How Patrol Officers Make Decisions : Comparing A Structural Model To A Process Model, Heidi Bonner
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A heavy research emphasis on the discretionary decision-making actions by police has led researchers to conduct a substantial amount of work regarding the individual, situational, organizational, and neighborhood influences on police behavior. The culmination of all this work results in one main conclusion - the majority of findings regarding the causes of police behavior are mixed. Further, current models of police behavior account for only a small amount of the variation.
Grace Under Fire : Altruistic Behavior And The Risk Of Criminal Victimization, Andy Lucas Blaize Davies
Grace Under Fire : Altruistic Behavior And The Risk Of Criminal Victimization, Andy Lucas Blaize Davies
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Two studies investigate whether the perceived risk of criminal victimization reduces altruistic behavior as social disorganization theory predicts it will. The first study, of 160 nation-states, suggests not. Rather, the relationship depends on national culture. In highly religious countries, for example, the perceived risk of victimization actually appears to increase altruistic behavior. The second study, an experiment conducted on samples both of undergraduate students and internet users, suggests that certain individuals for whom the risk of criminal victimization may be particularly salient - volunteers worried they may be put in harm's way, and fatalists paranoid about the inevitability of victimization …
Patterns Of Adolescent Drug Offending And Their Consequences In Making The Transition To Adulthood, Matthew David Phillips
Patterns Of Adolescent Drug Offending And Their Consequences In Making The Transition To Adulthood, Matthew David Phillips
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The life course perspective in criminology acknowledges that as an individual moves through successive stages in life, a host of factors in various domains influence the individual's developmental and behavioral patterns. The criminological literature is also replete with research that suggests an individual's involvement in drug offending has negative repercussions in these domains of life. Further, specific drug offenses are thought to affect outcomes in differing ways. Drug offenders are far from a homogeneous group, and that heterogeneity can produce vastly different outcomes. From a life course perspective, adolescence then becomes a particularly important stage since this is the time …
Health Behind And Beyond Bars : Understanding The Link Between Incarceration And Health, Lauren C. Porter
Health Behind And Beyond Bars : Understanding The Link Between Incarceration And Health, Lauren C. Porter
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The primary aim of this dissertation is to better understand the link between incarceration and health. Drawing on a sample of young adults from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), the effect of incarceration on self-rated health, serious injury, STD infection, cold/flu symptoms, and blood pressure is assessed. The effect of incarceration on health behavior is also examined, including diet, smoking, binge drinking, and physical activity. In order to rule out selection bias, current and former inmates are compared to respondents who have been arrested (or arrested and convicted of a crime), but not incarcerated. Findings suggest …
The Causes And Consequences Of Self-Protective Behaviors In Violent Encounters, Ráchael Anne Powers
The Causes And Consequences Of Self-Protective Behaviors In Violent Encounters, Ráchael Anne Powers
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Self-protective behaviors are strategies that a victim utilizes during the course of a violent incident to either prevent its completion or to avoid or minimize physical injury. Research regarding the use of self-protective behaviors in violent incidents has focused predominantly on sexual assault, and the research that has examined non-sexual assaults has been limited with regard to the study sample, considered outcomes, and included covariates. To extend beyond prior work, this dissertation seeks to explore more thoroughly the use and consequences of self-protective behaviors in non-sexual assaults using the National Crime Victimization Survey. Self-protective behaviors were measured along two dimensions …
State Homeland Security : Variation And Patterns Among The U.S. States, Lisa N. Sacco
State Homeland Security : Variation And Patterns Among The U.S. States, Lisa N. Sacco
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the homeland security organizations of the 50 states, and describes what systems the states have created for homeland security policy and structure. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine how each state homeland security organization was developed, describe each organization, and ascertain if patterns of homeland security have emerged among the states. This descriptive study also uncovers philosophical differences in the states' interpretation of homeland security.
Pay It Forward : The Effect Of Social Support On Crime, Jessica Singer
Pay It Forward : The Effect Of Social Support On Crime, Jessica Singer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between social support and crime. In 1994, Frank Cullen wrote an innovative article which was designed to construct social support as an organizing principle for criminology. Using this work to frame this research, I hypothesize that social support will be negatively related to crime. I explore this relationship on two levels of analysis. First, I investigate the relationship between state-level support and crime rates using a dataset that I constructed from a variety of sources. Second, I investigate the relationship between individual-level support and crime and deviance using data from …
The Role Of Self-Esteem In The Treatment Of Youth In Residential Treatment Centers : An Examination Of Delinquency And Rearrest After Discharge From Treatment, Camela M. Steinke
The Role Of Self-Esteem In The Treatment Of Youth In Residential Treatment Centers : An Examination Of Delinquency And Rearrest After Discharge From Treatment, Camela M. Steinke
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of self-esteem on rearrest and delinquency for a population of youth who have been committed to, and received services through, a residential treatment center.
Impulsivity, Criminogenic Opportunity Structures, And Delinquency, Matt Vogel
Impulsivity, Criminogenic Opportunity Structures, And Delinquency, Matt Vogel
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Impulsivity has emerged as a strong predictor of delinquency. A growing body of research suggests that neighborhood disorganization moderates the association between impulsivity and delinquency. However, there are several competing perspectives on the direction of this moderation, and the empirical research has generated a small body of discordant findings. This dissertation addresses the research linking impulsivity, neighborhood disorganization, and delinquency in two ways. First, I propose that the inconsistent findings to date might be attributed to variation in measurement and modeling strategy across earlier studies. Second, I argue that the mechanisms underlying the differential effect of impulsivity on delinquency across …
Decisions To Exert Social Control In A Neighborhood Context : Social Dilemmas And Solutions, Shaohua Yu
Decisions To Exert Social Control In A Neighborhood Context : Social Dilemmas And Solutions, Shaohua Yu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Prior literature on urban crime study has long indicated that residents' participation in informal social control activities is crucial in achieving low crime rates in urban neighborhoods. The question of what factors determine individual residents' decisions on whether or not to support collective crime prevention efforts, however, has yet to be addressed. The present study approaches this issue by bridging it with another important area of research-the study of social dilemmas-that explain cooperative tendencies in human groups. By defining informal social control as a form of collectively desirable action, the study tested the hypothesis that the solutions to social dilemmas …
Public Attitudes Toward Crime Control In Contemporary China : A Multilevel Analysis, Yue Zhuo
Public Attitudes Toward Crime Control In Contemporary China : A Multilevel Analysis, Yue Zhuo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study applies the Western sociological theories in the Chinese context and systematically explores crime control attitudes in contemporary China. This research links individual-level data from the 2005 China General Social Survey with contextual-level data from China Procuratorial Yearbooks, Chinese Population Census 2000, and China Statistical Yearbooks. A multilevel framework informed by the instrumental perspective, the constructionist/conflict perspective, and the symbolic perspective is adopted to examine the individual-level and contextual-level social factors that affect the three dimensions of public attitudes toward crime control - satisfaction, spending, and due process.