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Forced Adoption: Diffusion And Perception Of Online Education By Postsecondary Faculty Members Before And During The Coronavirus Pandemic, Marcelyn R. Saxton
Forced Adoption: Diffusion And Perception Of Online Education By Postsecondary Faculty Members Before And During The Coronavirus Pandemic, Marcelyn R. Saxton
ETD Archive
Once considered a fringe and unreliable pedagogical approach for higher education, online learning has entered the mainstream. While the adoption of online learning has been on the rise for the past decade, higher education’s forced adoption of online learning in response to COVID-19 has accelerated the curve. It has raised questions on the viability, sustainability, and interest in online learning for teachers, students, and administrative leadership. The most important question is: has forced adoption forever changed pedagogical approaches for higher education? This research attempts to answer this question from the perspectives of the teachers and faculty forced to adopt online …
Is Hearing Loss Over-Diagnosed Due To Impaired Cognition In Elderly Patients?, Emilee A. Witt
Is Hearing Loss Over-Diagnosed Due To Impaired Cognition In Elderly Patients?, Emilee A. Witt
ETD Archive
The prevalence of hearing loss due to old age is rapidly growing amongst the elderly population impacting over 450 million people worldwide making it the third most chronic disease (Lohler et al., 2019). While highly prevalent, hearing loss still remains one of the least studied factors, yet it has one of the greatest impacts on public health as 67% of adults age 70 and up have a hearing loss that impedes daily communication (Lin & Albert, 2014). Research has found a connection between hearing loss and cognitive deficits. People with hearing loss experience cognitive decline 30% to 40% faster than …
The Cry Of A Revolutionary Spirit: Reactions To The Goals Of Three Movements From Revolutionary Groups Within The United States Of America, Dennessa D. Gooden
The Cry Of A Revolutionary Spirit: Reactions To The Goals Of Three Movements From Revolutionary Groups Within The United States Of America, Dennessa D. Gooden
ETD Archive
This thesis explored the power of verbal and non-verbal communication through revolutionary movements in the United States of America. The research focused on the overall question of whether people in America still support key U.S. revolutionary movements (as expressed by three U.S. revolutionary groups--the U.S. Founding Fathers, the Black Panther Party, and the Black Lives Matter group). These three revolutionary movements had similar goals and verbal messages, but there were three very different reactions among people in the United States of America. Overall, it was found that people in the Unites States generally do support the goals of these three …
The Effect Of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems On The Vocal Folds, Hilary Gayle Sample
The Effect Of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems On The Vocal Folds, Hilary Gayle Sample
ETD Archive
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) are non-combustible tobacco products that are rapidly gaining in popularity worldwide. ENDS are marketed as safer alternatives to cigarettes; however, very little research is available to support or deny these claims. ENDS aerosol is inhaled over the vocal folds and into the lungs consistent with cigarette smoke. The larynx is among the primary locations affected by smoking; therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effect, if any, of ENDS on the larynx. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the laryngeal appearance and function of seven ENDS users as compared to four cigarette …
Determinants Of Multitasking Behavior Among Young Adults During Group Meetings: Attitudes On Norms, Polychronicity And Multicommunicating, Samantha Okegbe
Determinants Of Multitasking Behavior Among Young Adults During Group Meetings: Attitudes On Norms, Polychronicity And Multicommunicating, Samantha Okegbe
ETD Archive
Research on the influence of multitasking behavior on efficacy of outcomes is mixed. Many researchers consider multitasking to enhance individuals’ productivity when it is managed properly, and others argue that it is detrimental in some cases. This study is about understanding multitasking behavior of young adults during group meetings. Group meetings are an integral part of communication practices in organization. Group meetings are essential for training, planning, and completing a task that requires participation from all members of a group. One of the norms in group meetings is the expectation to focus on task at hand and pay attention to …
The Evaluation Of Non-Standard Accented English: An Intergroup Perspective On Language Attitudes, Doris Acheme
The Evaluation Of Non-Standard Accented English: An Intergroup Perspective On Language Attitudes, Doris Acheme
ETD Archive
The present study used social identity theory as a framework in examining the evaluation of non-standard accented speakers from India and Nigeria and whose first language is English. Social identity theory explains one’s awareness that he/she is a member of a certain social group and that such group membership is of value to the individual. Accordingly, the study investigated how social identity influences listeners’ perceptions of non-standard accented speakers’ status, solidarity, and dynamism. And also, if Standard American English (SAE), Indian and Nigerian accents are perceived differently by listeners. A 3 (SAE, Indian accented English, and Nigerian accented English) ¿ …
Expanding Our Present Knowledge Of The Non-Fictional World: An Analysis Of Transportation And Identification With Victims And Perpetrators, Shantale D. Roberts
Expanding Our Present Knowledge Of The Non-Fictional World: An Analysis Of Transportation And Identification With Victims And Perpetrators, Shantale D. Roberts
ETD Archive
This study tests for transportation and identification in non- fiction documentaries that portrayed victims and perpetrators of crime. Participants were a combination of college students and individual who were recruited via social media. The two video conditions demonstrated adult women who were portrayed as either a victim or perpetrator; this is where the manipulation occurred. Participants were randomly selected to view a documentary of a black or white victim, or a black or white perpetrator. Results found that participants were able to be transported into a non- fiction video. Participants also expressed high levels of identification with the women portrayed …
Emotional Responses To Opioid Public Service Announcements; Testing Trait Empathy’S Impact On Message Processing And Attitude Change, Olivia D. Cohen
Emotional Responses To Opioid Public Service Announcements; Testing Trait Empathy’S Impact On Message Processing And Attitude Change, Olivia D. Cohen
ETD Archive
Addiction to opioids, including abusing prescription pain killers and using heroin, is on a dramatic rise in the United States. Communities across the country are in the process of adapting new ways of addressing the issue, which have been met with significant opposition from the general public. This study examined the impact an individual’s trait empathy has on whether persuasive public service announcements (PSAs) dealing with opioid addiction will be processed centrally or peripherally. Empathy has evolved, growing from an emotional experience, to a cognitive ability, to a function of both emotional and cognitive elements that can work both independently …
Dimensions Of Online/Offline Social Communication: An Extension Of The Hyperpersonal Model, Devin Joseph Kelly
Dimensions Of Online/Offline Social Communication: An Extension Of The Hyperpersonal Model, Devin Joseph Kelly
ETD Archive
With the rise of technology it becomes important to measure and analyze the communication patterns that are emerging from these changes. Technologies open up different communication patterns for individuals to use (Tomas & Carlson 2015; Walther, 1996; Wei & Leung, 1999). Thus, this study develops the “ASOHIO” perspective, which incorporates a range of new and old communication patterns, online communication, offline communication, synchronous communication, asynchronous communication, interpersonal communication, and hyperpersonal communication. This work also looks to extend the hyperpersonal model greatly by developing an actual multi-item scale to measure the construct at the individual level. Walther’s (1996) basic description of …
Snapping Live: Exploring The Effects Of Ephemerality Nature Of Messaging In Social Media Settings, Dania Aljouhi
Snapping Live: Exploring The Effects Of Ephemerality Nature Of Messaging In Social Media Settings, Dania Aljouhi
ETD Archive
Ephemeral messaging apps such as Snapchat has become a very popular app with young adults. The Snapchat application defined as an instant messaging app that allows its users to take pictures, videos, add a captions, doodles and send the content to a friend or add it to the user’s story. Importantly, “the snaps” will self-destruct after a specified period of time. Further investigation regarding the effects of using ephemeral nature of messaging in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) is explored in the theoretical framework of Hyperpersonal. This study was designed to examine the role of ephemeral nature of messaging in social media …
An Investigation Into How Degree Of Distraction With Mobile Device Users Influences Attention To Detail, Jeffery Craig Allen
An Investigation Into How Degree Of Distraction With Mobile Device Users Influences Attention To Detail, Jeffery Craig Allen
ETD Archive
Previous research has indicated that the overuse of mobile devices by youths, especially at work or in class, can be disruptive to others, and be detrimental to the individual engaged in this activity in regards to task performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between distraction due to use of mobile devices, while engaged in a task, and subsequent recall of details being presented during exposure to a stimulus.
Due to the ubiquitous and pervasive nature of mobile devices in today's youth culture, and in our society as a whole, understanding and explaining what personality types …
"I Warn You Ming, Stay Away From My Friends!”: The Language Of Superhero Mythology In Flash Gordon, R. James Buehner
"I Warn You Ming, Stay Away From My Friends!”: The Language Of Superhero Mythology In Flash Gordon, R. James Buehner
ETD Archive
The Flash Gordon (Stephani, 1936) serial is a profoundly important, indeed seminal superhero film that has not been granted the critical attention that it deserves within modern film scholarship. Its position at the beginning of the genre of the modern screen superhero is examined through its evident thematically mythic implications and its culturally centered historical aspects. The serial Flash Gordon is treated and analyzed as a self-standing text that provides clues to the ontological and genealogical foundation and conventions of the screen superhero that is dominant in the media landscape today. This analysis is conducted through the Freudian – Jungian …
University Homepage Affordances: The Influence Of Hyperlinks On Perceptions Of Source Credibility, Patricia Dellacorte
University Homepage Affordances: The Influence Of Hyperlinks On Perceptions Of Source Credibility, Patricia Dellacorte
ETD Archive
The technology affordances of university website homepages were evaluated to inform the development of prototypical examples of accessible public university and exclusive private university homepages. Affordances are characteristic of the environment that, when perceived, afford or provide opportunities for action (Gibson, 1986). In addition, affordances, such as hyperlinks, also prompt heuristic processes that lead to judgments that are based on peripheral cues rather than substantive information. Integrating the MAIN model (Sundar, 2008) and the Two-Factor Theory (Herzberg, 1966; Zhang & Von Dran, 2000), eye tracking and survey methodology were used to assess differences in perception and credibility judgments of the …
Lights, Camera, Emotion!: An Examination On Film Lighting And Its Impact On Audiences' Emotional Response, Jennifer Lee Poland
Lights, Camera, Emotion!: An Examination On Film Lighting And Its Impact On Audiences' Emotional Response, Jennifer Lee Poland
ETD Archive
The current study examined the impact of three film lighting styles on participants' emotional responses. The light styles - High Key, Low Key, and Available Light ́⁰₃ were selected based on Film theory. Thus, this study combines Media Effects and Film literature to empirically study the impact of structural elements of film on media audiences. An experiment was conducted manipulating three levels of lighting. The According to film theory, a film presented in high key will cause audiences to feel higher levels of uplifting emotions such as happiness, joy, or humor, a film in low key will cause more feelings …
The Influence Of Personal, Relational, And Contextual Factors On Forgiveness Communication Following Transgressions In Romantic Relationships, Tim Edwards
ETD Archive
The way that individuals adapt to stress in their romantic relationships plays a major role in determining how satisfied they are in those relationships. This study used the Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation model as a framework to examine how individuals adapt to the stressful event of a relational transgression in their romantic relationships. This study specifically looked at the effect of individuals' attachment dimensions and the equity of their relationships as factors that influenced how they used forgiveness strategies after a relational transgression occurred. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant negative relationship between the explicit strategy and dismissiveness, …
Looking And Liking: Applying Information Processing To Facebook Ads, Jennie A. Ford
Looking And Liking: Applying Information Processing To Facebook Ads, Jennie A. Ford
ETD Archive
This study applied the Limited Capacity Model (Lang, 2000) to understand how individuals' process their Facebook pages. It is an eye tracking study that collected data from students at a Midwestern university to analyze how individuals process, encode, store and retrieve posts from their Facebook pages, specifically suggested/sponsored posts that are integrated into their newsfeed and targeted to them based on known information. The individuals explored their Facebook pages and were asked to recall the brands or advertisements they were first exposed to on their page. The results from eye tracking were used to analyze how they oriented to and …
A Functional Approach To Schwartz's Cultural Dimensions: Persuasive Appeals Corresponding To Individual Cultural Values, Chichang Xiong
A Functional Approach To Schwartz's Cultural Dimensions: Persuasive Appeals Corresponding To Individual Cultural Values, Chichang Xiong
ETD Archive
The goal of this study is to add to the literature of advertising as well as consumer psychology, specifically testing whether people's attitude towards online advertising would depend on how much the advertising resonated with their individual cultural values. Hereby, Schwartz's cultural dimensions were adopted, namely Hierarchy, Egalitarianism, Embeddedness, Intellectual Autonomy and Affective Autonomy. Past research has suggested that when advertising contained the same value a person stresses, that person would have more favorable attitudes towards the ad. More relevantly, research has demonstrated that if an advertisement was more relevant with a person's individual cultural values (Torelli et al., 2009), …
Online News And The Effects Of Heuristic Cues On Audiences' Attitudes, Hocheol Yang
Online News And The Effects Of Heuristic Cues On Audiences' Attitudes, Hocheol Yang
ETD Archive
This paper is designed to explore how online readers process information when online news articles have majority cues. These majority cues are conceptualized as a specific type of heuristic cue and this study discovered complex interaction effects of this heuristic cue. Heuristic and Systematic Model (HSM) and Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) successfully predict how these interaction effects work when these models work together. MANOVA and ANOVA analyses report significant interaction effects among heuristic cues, involvement, and argument quality on readers attitudes (attitude toward information and author's credibility) that supporting both Hypothesis 1 and 2. Specifically, in regard a Hypothesis 1, …
The Effects Of Video Game Difficulty Selection On Flow Experience, Michael W. W. Buncher
The Effects Of Video Game Difficulty Selection On Flow Experience, Michael W. W. Buncher
ETD Archive
This study investigates selective exposure and video gameplay by borrowing methods employed in previous selective exposure studies on television and the Internet. Also studied was the impact of mood-managing behaviors on the experience of flow, both of which are concerned with affective homeostasis. It was predicted that participants manipulated to experience stress would select easier difficulty levels and play at a slower pace than those who experienced boredom. Means of manipulated groups were consistently in the predicted positions, but there was limited support for hypotheses derived from selective exposure. A negative relationship between self reported boredom and difficulty selection was …
Reviewing The Critics: Examining Popular Video Game Reviews Through A Comparative Content Analysis, Ben Gifford
Reviewing The Critics: Examining Popular Video Game Reviews Through A Comparative Content Analysis, Ben Gifford
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current critical climate in popular online video game reviews (i.e., video game criticism written for a general audience). So far, most of the research published in this area focuses on how the reviews reflect the games themselves, rather than strictly examining the content of the reviews in this growing body of literature. This study uses computer-aided text analysis (CATA) supplemented with human coding to identify typological differences between film and video game reviews, as well as differences in theory usage and critical thought and style. Video game reviews are more concerned …
Film Viewing In The Interactive Age, Rachel M. Campbell
Film Viewing In The Interactive Age, Rachel M. Campbell
ETD Archive
Streaming films online has become a popular and unique way to view films. This study was designed to identify the uses and gratifications of using streaming film services, and identify any differences in quality of the streaming experience when compared to the original film. This study drew from past uses and gratifications research on film, television, VCRs, DVDs, and other film-related technologies to develop a survey determining the motivations of both streamers and non-streamers. Additionally a content analysis was used to determine the quality of film presentation when streaming a film online. The survey revealed that the main uses and …
The Changing Face Of The Western: An Analysis Of Hollywood Western Films From Director John Ford And Others During The Years 1939 To 1964, Jeffrey A. Spicer
The Changing Face Of The Western: An Analysis Of Hollywood Western Films From Director John Ford And Others During The Years 1939 To 1964, Jeffrey A. Spicer
ETD Archive
This content analysis uses the entire selection of John Ford's Westerns from 1939 to 1964, as well as top Westerns by other directors over the course of the same years in order to see more universal trends in the Western genre that are not unique only to John Ford. Items involving character portrayals and plot themes are used to ascertain how the films changed during those years. The psychological dimensions of the characters are also important, and it was speculated that a gradual change would take place in the types of character traits that were exhibited in the films. The …
Popular Music Lyrics And Adolescent Sexual Behavior And Attitudes, Elizabeth A. Langdon
Popular Music Lyrics And Adolescent Sexual Behavior And Attitudes, Elizabeth A. Langdon
ETD Archive
This study examines the possible links between music lyrics and adolescent sexual health and behavior. This relationship is first explored through a content analysis of sexual content of popular music lyrics. The findings generally support those of previous content analyses that find sexual content to be increasing, to be used regardless of gender of singer, and to be higher among some genres than others. The study also offers unexpected evidence of a link between lyrical content and cultural happenings that was not formally sought as part of the original study. The study secondly seeks to discover any correlations between sexual …
Sports Fandom: A Study Of Basking In Reflected Glory, Spiral Of Silence, And Language Use Via Online Social Networks, Shawna L L. Jackson
Sports Fandom: A Study Of Basking In Reflected Glory, Spiral Of Silence, And Language Use Via Online Social Networks, Shawna L L. Jackson
ETD Archive
Emerging technologies and the ever-changing climate of the Internet has helped social networking sites to foster relationships between sports fans and professional sports teams. This study focused on identification a Cleveland Browns fan feels with the team as a predicting factor of emotions, actions, self and group identity, and pronominal usage. An online survey was given to Cleveland Browns fans to determine their level of fandom, Cleveland Browns knowledge, overall media habits, feelings toward the city of Cleveland, personality traits, and demographic information. A content analysis was conducted to determine the pronominal usage, used to indicate a specific distance from …
The Role Of Verbal Aggression And Humor In Father-Son Relationships And Its Impact On Relational Satisfaction, Paul M. Palisin
The Role Of Verbal Aggression And Humor In Father-Son Relationships And Its Impact On Relational Satisfaction, Paul M. Palisin
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was the examine the role of verbal aggression and humor within the father and adult son relationship. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between verbal aggression and humor orientation and how this relationship impacted relational satisfaction within the father and son dyad. A total of 101 father and son pairs were surveyed. The Humor Orientation scale (Booth-Butterfield & Booth-Butterfield, 1991) and the Verbal Aggression Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986) were used to measure communication traits and a modified version of Quality Marriage Index (Norton, 1983) was used to measure relational satisfaction. Generally, most of the …
Incarcerated Mothers' Communication While Separated, Alicia Faith Romano
Incarcerated Mothers' Communication While Separated, Alicia Faith Romano
ETD Archive
The separation and re-unification of the mother and child requires the attention of scholars. Re-establishing a relationship with his or her mother alleviates the threat of the consequences that a child experiences when his or her mother is incarcerated. Fifty three incarcerated mothers were interviewed on their communication with their children while separated. A content analysis was used to gain insight on the types of conflict, conflict strategies, conflict styles, and cause of conflict. Using an interpersonal skill deficiency model this study found that there was a difference between conflicts described as ending negatively and conflicts described as ending positively. …
Of Course A Handgun Can Take Down A Helicopter: Cultivation Effects Of Military-Style Video Games, Michael J. Kurtz
Of Course A Handgun Can Take Down A Helicopter: Cultivation Effects Of Military-Style Video Games, Michael J. Kurtz
ETD Archive
The goal of this study is to add to the literature that extends the theory of cultivation into the realm of video games. Video game studies incorporating cultivation stress the importance of specifying a single genre of video games and measuring the cultivation effect, due to the lack of homogenous content between video games. It is possible that video games are actually an antithesis to the theory of cultivation because of content that is user-generated, which not only dissolves homogeneity between different games, but also the same game. Cultivation research has also suggested that second- order cultivation effects (on attitudes …
Lazy User Theory And Interpersonal Communication Networks, James D. Hayes
Lazy User Theory And Interpersonal Communication Networks, James D. Hayes
ETD Archive
This research examines individual adoption and use of communication technologies through a communication perspective by utilizing concepts from the lazy user theory of solution selection. The user state (individual technology use characteristics) and peer communication are hypothesized to predict switching costs (communication device satisfaction) and laziness. A survey of 687 individuals consisting of college students, Facebook, and Reddit.com users collected data later subjected to exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression. Factor analysis revealed four aspects of user state portable tech-ers, onliners, workers, and relationshipers three types of peer communicators conversationalists, web-referencers, and peer superiors and one type of switching cost, …
A Qualitative Investigation Into The Active Level Of Perception Of Dissociation Of Source From Content Under Narrative Conditions, William J. Weaver
A Qualitative Investigation Into The Active Level Of Perception Of Dissociation Of Source From Content Under Narrative Conditions, William J. Weaver
ETD Archive
This thesis explores what media users perceive about the authors and creators of narrative media based solely on the content of that media itself. It contrasts traditional notions of source credibility (established via rhetoric or debate) versus models of media effects which exert themselves through mere exposure to message, and where a direct evaluation of the message source may be neither salient nor possible. A sample of nine undergraduates were individually interviewed in order to investigate the thematic trends associated with the perceptions of credibility and of authorial source while exposed to narrative. The interviews gave rise to the notion …
The Convergence Of Media, Candidate, And Public Agendas As Predictors Of Voter Choice, Jonathan M. Simon
The Convergence Of Media, Candidate, And Public Agendas As Predictors Of Voter Choice, Jonathan M. Simon
ETD Archive
This thesis examined the role of agenda setting effects in creating conditions that could predict vote choice within the context of the 2010 general election in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. This survey utilized a mail survey sent to independent voters to measure the public agenda and thorough content analyses of local television news, the major local newspaper, candidate television advertisements and candidate websites to measure the media and candidate agendas. These agendas were compared using an innovative convergence score which reported the percent similarity between any two given agendas. This thesis found that relationships do exist between agenda convergence and vote …