Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) College of Arts and Sciences (161)
- Master of Arts (MA) College of Arts and Sciences (145)
- Master of Public Administration (MPA) College of Arts and Sciences (15)
- Depression (14)
- Gender (14)
-
- Autism (13)
- Master of Science (MS) College of Arts and Sciences (13)
- Master of Science in Criminal Justice (MSCJ) College of Arts and Sciences (12)
- Aging (11)
- Mental health (11)
- Stigma (10)
- Adolescents (8)
- Anxiety (8)
- Stress (8)
- Adolescence (7)
- Autism spectrum disorder (7)
- Driving (7)
- FMRI (7)
- Health disparities (7)
- Obesity (7)
- ADHD (6)
- Disability (6)
- Executive function (6)
- Health (6)
- Older adults (6)
- ASD (5)
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (5)
- Chronic pain (5)
- Cognition (5)
- Coping (5)
Articles 1 - 30 of 351
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Education Attainment And Health: Outside The Gender Binary, Brianna Patterson
Education Attainment And Health: Outside The Gender Binary, Brianna Patterson
All ETDs from UAB
Transgender and gender nonbinary individuals, hereafter referred to as trans, report worse health outcomes than trans individuals whose gender identity matches their sex assigned at birth, hereafter referred to as cisgender (Bauer, Hammond, Travers et al. 2009, Cicero, Reisner, Merwin et al. 2020). Past research has indicated that social determinants of health, such as education attainment, may be responsible for these inequities (Low 2006, The Lancet Public 2020). Education’s influence on health is well known from previous research, but the association is not distributed equally. In the United States (US) educational system, state and local governments have control, not the …
Using The Social Ecological Model To Assess The Correlates Of Unprotected Sex Among African American Emerging Adults, Shirlacia S. Gray
Using The Social Ecological Model To Assess The Correlates Of Unprotected Sex Among African American Emerging Adults, Shirlacia S. Gray
All ETDs from UAB
USING THE SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL TO ASSESS THE CORRELATES OF UNPROTECTED SEX AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN EMERGING ADULTS SHIRLACIA S. GRAY DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY ABSTRACT Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that HIV diagnoses for Black/African American men and women are 8x and 15x higher than white individuals, respectively. While the social determinants of health largely influence HIV transmission rates, reducing risky behaviors can lower the risk for HIV. This current study used the Social Ecological Model to investigate correlates of unprotected sex. Methods: Participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling. Participant's demographics (age, gender, years of education, financial …
Associations Of Religious Involvement And Cultural Justifications With Depressive Symptoms And Burden Among Caregivers, Maizonne Fields
Associations Of Religious Involvement And Cultural Justifications With Depressive Symptoms And Burden Among Caregivers, Maizonne Fields
All ETDs from UAB
With the advancement of medicine, life expectancy has increased globally. As a result, the need for a caregiver by an older adult has also risen. A caregiver is often a spouse, child, or friend of an older adult that assists an older adult that is experiencing changes in their ability to complete activities of daily living and/or instrumental activities of daily living. Caregivers are often unpaid for their assistance and can be at heightened risk for negative mental health outcomes. This study used the Stress Process Model to investigate the associations of high levels of religious commitment or involvement (RCI) …
Examining U.S. National Trends In Adult Mental Illness And Naturalistic Psychedelic Drug Use, Daniel Grossman
Examining U.S. National Trends In Adult Mental Illness And Naturalistic Psychedelic Drug Use, Daniel Grossman
All ETDs from UAB
Psychedelic drugs have gained prominent attention in recent years for their therapeutic potential in treating mental illness in clinical settings. Concurrently, population studies show increasing prevalence and notable demographic changes among naturalistic psychedelic users, as well as mixed associations between different types of naturalistic psychedelic use and mental health. However, despite this ongoing cultural shift, little is known about temporal changes in the mental health profiles of naturalistic psychedelic users at the population level. This thesis examined national trends in the association between past year naturalistic use of LSD, MDMA, and DMT/AMT/Foxy and past year mental illness among US adults, …
The Freshman Life And Student Health (Flash) Study: Using Social Network Analysis To Understand How Obesity And Stigma Impact Emerging Adult Health, Alena C. Borgatti
The Freshman Life And Student Health (Flash) Study: Using Social Network Analysis To Understand How Obesity And Stigma Impact Emerging Adult Health, Alena C. Borgatti
All ETDs from UAB
Both racial discrimination and weight stigma have been identified as risk factors for poorer mental, physical, and social health. College students are vulnerable to the effects of stigma, as they greatly value peer acceptance and friendships during a pivotal time of emotional and health behavior development. The present study was the first to use social network analysis to examine the impact of weight and racial discrimination on the development of college social relationships and how these experiences influence students’ physical and mental health. 1330 participants (69% of on-campus freshmen) completed a brief survey on social networks, physical health, mental health, …
Exploring The Associations Between Cognitive Training, Social Determinants Of Health, And Driving Behaviors: A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Active Study, Katie Wheeler
All ETDs from UAB
As the average lifespan increases, older adults are remaining independent into older ages than before. The ability to drive a vehicle is an essential part of daily living that helps older adults maintain independence. Cognitive training, specifically speed of processing training (SOPT), is an intervention that has consistently shown to benefit older adult’s driving abilities and driving behaviors. This dissertation examined the longitudinal association between cognitive training and primary driving location on crash risk across 20 years (Paper 1), investigated the effects of cognitive training and dosage on driving mobility across 10 years (Paper 2), and explored social determinants of …
Investigating Impacts Of Caregiving On Cognitive Function: Role Of Social Support, Lu Tian
Investigating Impacts Of Caregiving On Cognitive Function: Role Of Social Support, Lu Tian
All ETDs from UAB
Study Aim: Using the stress process model as a framework, this dissertation aims to investigate the role of social support on the influence of informal caregiving on cognitive function of caregivers aged 50 years and older and to look at potential gender and racial differences in this association. Method: Leveraging data from the 2016 to 2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), this research employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis to examine the influence of caregiving on the cognitive function of older adults. To comprehensively understand the pathways through which caregiving impacts cognitive outcomes, I use mediation …
Indicators Of The Social Environment And Cognition In An Older Population Of Puerto Rican Adults, Erin E. Ballard
Indicators Of The Social Environment And Cognition In An Older Population Of Puerto Rican Adults, Erin E. Ballard
All ETDs from UAB
Isolation and other indicators of poor social environment have been associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline. Overall evidence for this association is mixed, with most studies being conducted in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (aka “WEIRD”) societies. Religiosity may moderate this relationship between less robust social environments and cognition by buffering the negative effects of stress. The primary aim of this study is to assess the relationship between indicators of the social environment and psychological distress (depressive symptoms) and cognitive decline in a population-based sample of older Puerto Rican adults (n=3,557) across two time-points. Social environment included …
Investigating Scientific Self-Concept In The General Chemistry Laboratory While Performing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Throughout A Pandemic, Josh Forakis
All ETDs from UAB
Climate change, waste management crises, and global pandemics emphasize the need for a thriving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce, and one of the jobs of STEM educators is to provide meaningful educational experiences that engage STEM students in scientific practices, broaden their worldview, and prepare them for a future career in the scientific field. Undergraduate research experiences have been shown to benefit STEM students, but few students can participate, especially at early stages in their undergraduate studies. To broaden participation in undergraduate research, an honors general chemistry laboratory course was converted into a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) …
Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters Among Idiopathic Pain And Fatigue Disorders, Chloe Lisette Jones
Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters Among Idiopathic Pain And Fatigue Disorders, Chloe Lisette Jones
All ETDs from UAB
Background: There are no established etiologies, biomarkers, or approved treatments for myalgicencephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). It is thought that the ME/CFS criteria may be diagnosing individuals within a spectrum of different disease states, or even different diseases. There likely exist shared mechanisms across idiopathic pain and fatigue disorders, and diverse mechanisms underneath each individual diagnosis. The need to compare ME/CFS to similar, overlapping, and distinct disorders is a critical element in progressing our understanding of idiopathic pain and fatigue. Methods: A total of 2,731 comprehensive medical history and symptom reports were collected from respondents across the globe with a variety …
The Influence Of Economic Disadvantage On The Health And Well-Being Of Youth Transitioning To Adulthood, Shanquela Williams
The Influence Of Economic Disadvantage On The Health And Well-Being Of Youth Transitioning To Adulthood, Shanquela Williams
All ETDs from UAB
Young adults transitioning to adulthood from economically disadvantaged backgrounds may experience physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional challenges. Resources and opportunities available during this transition can significantly impact their ability to integrate into society. The impact of economic disadvantage on the well-being of youth transitioning to adulthood remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to understand how economic disadvantage influenced the well-being of youth transitioning into adulthood. This project used longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and its supplements: the Child Development Supplement (CDS) and the Transition into Adulthood Supplement (TAS). Hypothesis one results revealed that young …
Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani
Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani
All ETDs from UAB
Limited availability of resources regarding developmental issues, health literacy, linguistic-sensitivity (i.e., use of linguistically appropriate resources and measures), structural barriers (i.e., appointment length, transportation), and cultural values and beliefs are commonly-cited barriers in identifying Latine autistic children. Stigma may also play a role, as it is negatively related to both knowledge/awareness within ASD and to acculturation in other disorders (i.e., HIV). Stigma can have detrimental, pervasive effects on daily living for those stigmatized and their families. Limited research examined the rate, presentation, and effect of ASD stigma within the Latine community, and all available studies explored stigma as reported by …
"'Wimpy White Boy Syndrome': Does It Exist In The Nicu?", Brittany Nicole Stewart
"'Wimpy White Boy Syndrome': Does It Exist In The Nicu?", Brittany Nicole Stewart
All ETDs from UAB
“Wimpy White Boy Syndrome” (WWBS) is a social phenomenon and belief that exists in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), where white boys fare the worst and Black girls fare the best. However, this belief is based on little to no empirical evidence and contradicts the majority of the research that documents Black Americans tend to have worse health outcomes than white Americans. Utilizing electronic medical record data from a Southern, regional, and level IV neonatal intensive care unit, this research project explored racial differences in length of hospital stay, mortality, and resource allocation among low and very low birthweight …
Impact Of Alcohol Intoxication On Pedestrian Risk-Taking Behaviors, Yixin Wang
Impact Of Alcohol Intoxication On Pedestrian Risk-Taking Behaviors, Yixin Wang
All ETDs from UAB
In the United States, motor vehicle crashes account for approximately 21.8% of unintentionaldeaths, and 17.2% of these crashes involved the death of a pedestrian in 2020. Two preventable factors that impact pedestrian fatalities are alcohol intoxication and smartphone distraction. Approximately 30% of fatal pedestrian crashes involve a pedestrian with a BAC of at least 0.08, and distraction is a commonly observed risk factor that was shown to impair crossing performance in virtual environments. The present research considers both distraction and intoxication as risk factors for pedestrian safety, examining both risk factors in isolation as well as their interactional effects on …
Enhancing Racial Identity And Promoting Academic Enablers In Black Adolescent Males Through Film Viewing, Carlos Napoleon Espinoza
Enhancing Racial Identity And Promoting Academic Enablers In Black Adolescent Males Through Film Viewing, Carlos Napoleon Espinoza
All ETDs from UAB
Among Black adolescent males, classroom discrimination is associated with lower academic performance, academic self-concept, and value placed on education. Although efforts aimed at eliminating racism and discrimination should be made, it is important to identify interventions that may mitigate the effects of discrimination on academic outcomes of Black adolescent males. Previously identified protective factors include positive racial socialization, positive racial identity, and Black role models. Thus, this project attempted to integrate these protective factors into a unified intervention approach in which Black role models deliver positive racial socialization messages to enhance positive racial identity and academic enablers through films. Preexisting …
Restoring Justice On Their Terms: The Path To Healing For Tulsa And Birmingham, Kameryn Thigpen
Restoring Justice On Their Terms: The Path To Healing For Tulsa And Birmingham, Kameryn Thigpen
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis is a comparative case study examining the impact of the Tulsa Race Massacre in 1921 and the Birmingham Sixteenth Street Church Bombing in 1963. The comparative case study method aims to study how both communities educated the public about racial violence through the nonprofit sector. This research explores the racial structures that were in place during the time. This thesis argues for the role of the government in providing diversity, equity, accessibility, and inclusion training for federal employees. This research also discusses the government's contribution to advancing social equity.
Disenfranchisement: Voter Suppression In Alabama 1865-1965, Hayden C. Batt
Disenfranchisement: Voter Suppression In Alabama 1865-1965, Hayden C. Batt
All ETDs from UAB
After the Civil War, Alabama responded negatively to the abolition of slavery and the passage of the Reconstruction Amendments. This is especially true of the 15th Amendment, which promised suffrage regardless of race or skin color. Alabamians used multiple methods to diminish the presence of African American voting, building the foundations for a white power structure and a segregated society. This thesis takes a broad scope, from 1865-1965, to analyze the methods of voter suppression, how these changed over time, and the ideological backing of voter suppression. Organized violence was the first method used to keep black men from the …
Converging Crises: The Spanish Flu And Wwi's Influence Within Egon Schiele's Oeuvre, Mclean Boone
Converging Crises: The Spanish Flu And Wwi's Influence Within Egon Schiele's Oeuvre, Mclean Boone
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis investigates the effect of the converging crises of WWI and the Spanish Flu in on the last artworks of Egon Schiele, and argues that these two events precipitated a shift in the artist’s theme, aesthetic, and technique in these 1918 artworks. Before his death from the Spanish Flu in late October, 1918, Schiele managed to produce nearly thirty paintings in the last two years of his career. While many scholars have discussed Schiele’s art in the context of personal maturation, I argue instead that Schiele’s aesthetic shift towards naturalism symbolized new modes of exploring ideas of life and …
Domesticating Recolution: Cairene Collective Housing (1867-1960) & The Reconstruction Of Visual Privacy, Kelsea Izor
Domesticating Recolution: Cairene Collective Housing (1867-1960) & The Reconstruction Of Visual Privacy, Kelsea Izor
All ETDs from UAB
to Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser’s experimentation with modern architecture in 1956, Cairo experimented with the collective housing unit between 1867 and 1955. Privacy, a central value in middle-class Cairene society, permeated the architectural construction of the collective housing unit, primarily adopting screened fenestration to ensure women’s privacy. In this thesis, I argue that in the collective mid twentieth-century housing units of Nasr City, a utopian style city planned by the Nasser administration, a visual shift in the façade suggests a social shift in the public visibility of Cairene women. Further, I argue that the collective housing units in Nasr …
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Chronic Low Back Pain In Adulthood: Roles Of Emotion Regulation And Socioeconomic Status, Pavithra Andrea Thomas
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Chronic Low Back Pain In Adulthood: Roles Of Emotion Regulation And Socioeconomic Status, Pavithra Andrea Thomas
All ETDs from UAB
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have profound deleterious effects on physical health and psychological functioning in adulthood. ACEs may be a social determinant of chronic pain development and severity in adulthood; however, little research to date has investigated the psychological processes that might underlie this association. Emotion regulation, an established transdiagnostic risk factor underlying psychopathological conditions, may be a potential mediator of the relationship between ACEs and pain. Lower socioeconomic status is associated with greater risk of ACEs and poor chronic pain outcomes, yet research has not clarified the role of subjective versus objective determinants of socioeconomic factors within these …
Correlates Of Life Space Mobility, Driving Frequency And Exposure Amon Older Blacks/African Americans And Whites With Diabetes, Henrietta Armah
Correlates Of Life Space Mobility, Driving Frequency And Exposure Amon Older Blacks/African Americans And Whites With Diabetes, Henrietta Armah
All ETDs from UAB
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases among older adults, affecting all aspects of daily living including restricted life space mobility, driving and building relationships outside of the home. The aim of this study was to investigate the covariate-adjusted associations of cognitive functioning, depressive symptoms, amount of support received and satisfaction with support with life space mobility, driving frequency and driving exposure among Blacks/African Americans and Whites with diabetes. The study used a representative sample of 247 older adults aged 65 and above from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Diabetes and Aging Study of Health …
Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright
Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright
All ETDs from UAB
olescence, a period of rapid brain maturation and development coincides with the development of mental health disorders. Many teens in the United States with diagnosable mental health conditions lack mental health treatment due to limited access and provider availability, particularly affecting adolescents who are underserved. School-based interventions, including those centered around mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown promise in their effectiveness among adolescents. This study examines the impact of an in-school MBSR-based program, MindUP, on mental health outcomes, including depressive symptomology, anxiety symptomology, and perceived stress, in adolescents who are underserved. Additionally, focus group discussions were conducted with students participating …
Suicide Ideation And Risk Factors Among Correctional Officers, Logan Lavender
Suicide Ideation And Risk Factors Among Correctional Officers, Logan Lavender
All ETDs from UAB
The correctional work environment is detrimental to correctional officers’ (COs) health and wellness. While research shows that COs experience high rates of stress, PTSD, and other mental and physical health problems, relatively little research has examined the issue of CO suicide. The current study addresses this knowledge gap by drawing on a survey of COs from Washington state (N=420). Utilizing a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework, this study examines the prevalence of critical incidents (CIs), work stress, PTSD, and suicide ideation, estimates the degree to which exposure to CIs predicts suicide ideation, and assesses how work stress and PTSD moderate …
The Association Of Cognitive And Physical Functioning With Health And Mortality Outcomes Among Puerto Ricans, Cheyanne Celine Barba
The Association Of Cognitive And Physical Functioning With Health And Mortality Outcomes Among Puerto Ricans, Cheyanne Celine Barba
All ETDs from UAB
Puerto Rico has experienced a rapid increase in the older adult population over the last decade. With a growing older adult population, the importance of healthy aging becomes increasingly more important to understand. Understanding the impact that impairments in cognitive and physical functioning have on older adults in Puerto Rico will be important to supporting the rapidly aging population. The current project proposed to (1) examine predictors of transition to frailty, (2) examine whether cognitive function and frailty are associated with healthcare utilization, and (3) examine frailty and cognitive impairment as predictors of mortality and Alzheimer’s disease related cause of …
Eating Disorder Symptoms In Transgender Adults: The Impact Of Gender Dysphoria And Minority Stress On Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Elliott Botelho
Eating Disorder Symptoms In Transgender Adults: The Impact Of Gender Dysphoria And Minority Stress On Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Elliott Botelho
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Transgender individuals experience more mental health challenges than their cisgender counterparts, and a growing area of research suggests that transgender in-dividuals are at increased risk of eating disorder symptoms. The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience model may help explain this health disparity in eating disorder symptoms. The model theorizes that this disproportionate mental health burden, such as eating disor-der symptoms, may arise from the stresses of belonging to a minoritized group. Another factor that may account for eating disorder disparities is gender dysphoria, a distressing and clinically significant state many transgender individuals experience when their physi-cal appearance is incongruent …
Magic! Missed Or Miracle?, Curt C. Anderson
Magic! Missed Or Miracle?, Curt C. Anderson
All ETDs from UAB
Truth default theory holds that people do not expect or notice deception unless they are triggered to think outside their natural tendency to believe others (Levine, 2020). It follows that people may not notice something deceptive or seemingly impossible if they are not first primed to raise suspicion. This study tests truth-default theory and triggering in the context of magic tricks. It hypothesized that people could watch two magic tricks performed without realizing they just witnessed something impossible because they were not primed to be aware of the presence of the possibility of deception. The research design is a three-group …
Gender Differences In Clinical Profiles Of Children And Adolescents Referred For An Autism Spectrum Disorder Evaluation, Jeremy J. Cottle
Gender Differences In Clinical Profiles Of Children And Adolescents Referred For An Autism Spectrum Disorder Evaluation, Jeremy J. Cottle
All ETDs from UAB
The current study aimed to examine sex differences in clinical profiles of children and adolescents referred for an ASD evaluation, including ASD symptoms and associated clinical features. Specifically, the study aimed to include females who may be mis- or un-der-diagnosed by current ASD diagnostic procedures in order to characterize this phenotypically diverse population. Participants included 1,099 children and adolescents who were referred for an ASD evaluation at a tertiary care clinic. In this sample, 276 participants (25.11%) were female, 602 participants (54.8%) were diagnosed with ASD, and the average age was 5.97 years old (SD = 3.60). Independent samples t-tests, …
Preceding Footsteps In Revolution: The History Of The Southern Negro Youth Congress, Donnae' Hampton
Preceding Footsteps In Revolution: The History Of The Southern Negro Youth Congress, Donnae' Hampton
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis is a comprehensive history of the Southern Negro Youth Congress including the social circumstances that led to its formation, the work and people of the organization, and its impact and influence on future civil rights organizations and Black leftist movements of the late 1960s. The Southern Black communist organization was formed in 1937 and officially disbanded in 1949. SNYC committed itself to unionizing, educating, registering people to vote, and exposing racial horrors in the South for Black southerners. In 1939, SNYC moved its headquarters to Birmingham, Alabama. The segregated city of Birmingham in 1939 was the industrial center …
Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis
Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis
All ETDs from UAB
Successful aging (SA), as outlined by Rowe and Khan, with its objective focus on disease and disability avoidance, maintaining high physical and cognitive function, and sustaining engagement in social and productive activities, was meant to be a benchmark for assessing health and aging. However, given its rigid criteria virtually no one “ages successfully” despite being in otherwise relatively good health. The assumption of unsuccessful aging in populations who experience a higher prevalence of chronic disease, illness, disability, and other health disparities, is implicit in the SA framework outlined by Rowe and Khan and would preclude many Black women from being …
Family Members' Education And Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: Investigating The Mediating Role Of Health Behaviors, Lu Tian
All ETDs from UAB
Despite a well-established relationship between education and cognitive performance in later life, few studies have considered the effects of educational attainment of the family. The education of one's parents can help prevent cognitive decline, as parents (G1) with more education can transfer more health knowledge, teach health literacy, and cultivate healthy lifestyles. This downward spillover between parental education (G1) and older adults’ (G2) cognitive health is well documented. For the downstream effect, attention is often given to maternal education rather than paternal education. Another line of research examined intergenerational transmissions from children (G3) to parents (G2), finding that having well-educated …