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Psychological Effects Of Spiritually Integrated Therapy For Infertile Women, Shiquina Andrews
Psychological Effects Of Spiritually Integrated Therapy For Infertile Women, Shiquina Andrews
All ETDs from UAB
Like other medical conditions, infertility is often unforeseen and difficult to resolve. Though both genders are impacted, women exhibit the most psychological distress following the diagnosis. Among other coping strategies, some women use their religious or spiritual beliefs to cope with the crisis of infertility. While projects investigating the role of spirituality in mental and physical health are growing in momentum, none has integrated religious or spiritual beliefs into a formal psychological intervention for infertile women. This project aimed to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of such a 6-week, phone-based, spiritually-integrated therapy (SIT) program for infertile women. In the …
The Bus Transit System In Birmingham: A Rider's Approach, Jennifer Elaine Harrell
The Bus Transit System In Birmingham: A Rider's Approach, Jennifer Elaine Harrell
All ETDs from UAB
Citizen participation has become an integral part of implementing bus transit oriented development in many U.S. cities. The method of bus rider surveying is a traditional technique used to encourage diverse citizen participation. From November 2012 to January 2013, a Birmingham bus rider survey questionnaire study was conducted in the BJCTA (Birmingham-Jefferson County Transit Authority) Central Station lobby. Although previous BJCTA bus rider surveys have been used to gather accurate route and demographic data, there has never been a bus rider survey that addresses the quality of transit service and performance in the Birmingham-Jefferson County area. In 2000, the National …
Understanding The Relation Between Routines And Problem Behaviors In Children With Clinical Diagnoses, Mark Ryan Pennick
Understanding The Relation Between Routines And Problem Behaviors In Children With Clinical Diagnoses, Mark Ryan Pennick
All ETDs from UAB
The current study investigated the impact of routines on problem behaviors in children with the clinical diagnoses of either PDD, ADHD, or depression/anxiety. Previous research has identified negative relations between externalizing behaviors and routines as well as a link between using routines and having positive parenting. The study extends these findings to children with these various diagnoses and also to internalizing symptoms. In our sample negative relations were found between routines, as measured by the Child Routines Inventory (CRI), and both internalizing and externalizing symptoms when all groups were examined together. Additionally routines were found to moderate the relation between …
Kitten Has Claws: The Feminine, The Feline, And The Threat Of The New Woman In Cecilia Beaux's "Sita And Sarita", Alexa Hayes
Kitten Has Claws: The Feminine, The Feline, And The Threat Of The New Woman In Cecilia Beaux's "Sita And Sarita", Alexa Hayes
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis examines Cecilia Beaux's painting "Sita and Sarita" (1893-1894) as it expresses the conflicts of the women's rights movement, changing gender roles, and shifts in the perception of female sexuality and intellectualism in the late nineteenth century. The argument hinges on the quality of the woman's gaze and the anthropomorphic nature of the cat, which encompass growing interests in and fears of female mental capacity, sexuality, and animality. Examining how the portrait functions within three major traditions--depictions of young women in white dresses; women lost in thought or in reverie; and portraits of people with their pets, specifically women …
Predictors Of Physical Activity In Child And Adolescent Survivors Of Cancer, Margaux Barnes Gilliam
Predictors Of Physical Activity In Child And Adolescent Survivors Of Cancer, Margaux Barnes Gilliam
All ETDs from UAB
Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk for future health problems. As such, physical activity (PA) has been targeted as a health promotion priority in child and adolescent cancer survivors. Despite research suggesting PA has protective health benefits, a large proportion of survivors do not meet PA recommendations. Development of effective interventions to increase PA in pediatric cancer survivors requires an understanding of the processes that determine survivor PA. Research on the determinants of PA in child and adolescent survivors is sparse, with most research focusing on late adolescent, young adult, and adult survivors of childhood cancer. The following papers …
The Interactional Effects Of Incentive Value And Task Difficulty: A Partial Explanation For Gender Differences In Cardiovascular Response To A Performance Challange., Patricia Barreto
All ETDs from UAB
Participants were presented an impossible or moderately difficult mental addition task; half of them were led to believe that they could win a traditionally masculine incentive by meeting a certain performance standard and half of them were led to believe that they could win a traditionally feminine incentive if they met the same performance standard. In the feminine incentive group, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) during the work period was stronger under difficult than impossible conditions among women, but low under both difficulty conditions among men. In the masculine incentive group, blood pressure measures (SBP, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial …
Amatory Conventions, Luxury Trade, And The Culture Of Excess In The Rape Of The Lock, Roxana, And Gulliver's Travels, David Glennon Vinson
Amatory Conventions, Luxury Trade, And The Culture Of Excess In The Rape Of The Lock, Roxana, And Gulliver's Travels, David Glennon Vinson
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis expands scholarship in the study of amatory fiction by introducing three male canonical authors--Pope, Defoe, and Swift--into a body of criticism typically focused on female non-canonical authors. The authors' awareness and engagement of the amatory template calls for a reconsideration of the profound role in which the amatory genre plays in the novel tradition. I examine how amatory tropes are used in The Rape of the Lock, Roxana, and Gulliver's Travels to satirize sexual politics in the domestic sphere, but I also extend amatory studies by positioning the authors' satire in the public setting of a changing Britain. …
Predictors Of Falls Among Older Adults, Jaspreet Kaur
Predictors Of Falls Among Older Adults, Jaspreet Kaur
All ETDs from UAB
With an aging population, more attention has to be focused on the needs of older adults, especially regarding medical and psychological concerns. Thirty-three percent of older adults fall each year, and falling is one of the leading causes of accidental death nationwide. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of falls among sedentary community-dwelling older adults (age 65+). The study employed a secondary data analysis of measures collected in the Physical and Cognitive Exercise Study (PACES). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether individual or composite measures of vision, cognition, and physical functioning were associated with an …
Executive Functions And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Survivors Of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor, Kelly Ross Wolfe
Executive Functions And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Survivors Of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor, Kelly Ross Wolfe
All ETDs from UAB
As survival rates for pediatric posterior fossa tumor have improved, issues related to survivorship have become increasingly important. Foremost among these are cognitive difficulties, particularly in the domain of executive functions. The first manuscript reports on a systematic, comprehensive literature review of studies examining executive deficits in survivors of pediatric posterior fossa tumor, including the intervention studies that have attempted to ameliorate these difficulties. The second manuscript establishes the safety and feasibility of peak cardiorespiratory fitness testing in a cohort of pediatric posterior fossa tumor survivors. Survivors had lower fitness than typically developing children and children with cystic fibrosis, and …
Assessing Sociometric Status And Impacts Of Behavior Problems In Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Sarah Ellen Edwards Leger
Assessing Sociometric Status And Impacts Of Behavior Problems In Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Sarah Ellen Edwards Leger
All ETDs from UAB
Obtaining information regarding the social status of preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) has not been a focus of any sociometric research to date. It is also unknown whether the impact of social behavior problems on the social status of children with ASD emerges before school age. This study addressed this gap by examining the social status of young children with ASD. Data were collected at an early intervention preschool program designed for children with ASD. Both students and teachers provided information on acceptance, rejection and popularity. Results indicate that students and teachers reported children with ASD to have …
Parenting And Parole: The Effects Of Incarceration On Motherhood, Latoya Ledyard
Parenting And Parole: The Effects Of Incarceration On Motherhood, Latoya Ledyard
All ETDs from UAB
The female prison population is the fastest growing prison population in the United States. The rise in female incarceration over the past several years has become a growing concern partly due to the damaging effects on the family; a phenomenon largely attributed to mandatory sentencing guidelines and gender-neutral policies. Research literature on the unique challenges faced by parenting women and the development of reentry programs that foster family reunification has emerged in recent years, but there is still much work to be done. Using in-depth interviews with 14 residents of a transitional center for women in Alabama, I seek to …
Reckless Reevaluated: Containment Theory And Its Ability To Explain Desistance Among Serious Adolescent Offenders, Stephanie Michelle Cardwell
Reckless Reevaluated: Containment Theory And Its Ability To Explain Desistance Among Serious Adolescent Offenders, Stephanie Michelle Cardwell
All ETDs from UAB
Social control theorists posit that crime and delinquency occur among members in society because an individuals' behavior is not well regulated. Recent control theories have emphasized the importance of high self-control and strong bonds to society in deterring criminal behavior. However, one of the original theories of self-control has been largely ignored among scholars. Developed by Walter Reckless in the 1960s, containment theory suggests that individuals are pushed and pulled into crime. Pushes are elements that pressure individuals to engage in delinquency while pulls draw individuals away from accepted forms of behavior. The theory states that pushes and pulls are …
Eye Gaze Patterns During Live Social Interactions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Michael Warren Gower
Eye Gaze Patterns During Live Social Interactions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Michael Warren Gower
All ETDs from UAB
Children with autism have been shown to demonstrate deficits in their facial processing skills and are known to make less eye contact than typically developing children. It has also been assumed that children with autism are more anxious during social interactions than typically developing children. It has been hypothesized that these deficits manifest themselves as the use of a localized facial processing style in which children with autism focus primarily on the mouth and miss much of the pertinent social information conveyed by the eyes. More recent research, however, has found contradictory evidence. Specifically, some studies have shown that children …
Age Cohorts And Emotional Attachment To Mobile Phones, Amanda Warr
Age Cohorts And Emotional Attachment To Mobile Phones, Amanda Warr
All ETDs from UAB
ABSTRACT Mobile phones have become integral to the way people communicate. Although mobile phone ownership is nearing saturation in the United States, use patterns differ among age cohorts. Another difference is the degree to which members of different age cohorts depend on their mobile phones. I explore emotional attachment to mobile phones and how it differs by age cohorts. Using data from a national survey of U.S. adults, I examine whether cohorts differ in attachment to their mobile phones, even when controlling for diversity of technology use. The results illustrate that there are important differences in attachment to mobile phones …
From Family Violence To Dating Violence: Testing The Dual Pathway Model, Anjana Madan
From Family Violence To Dating Violence: Testing The Dual Pathway Model, Anjana Madan
All ETDs from UAB
Family violence in childhood is an established predictor of later adolescent dating violence. Additional predictors of adolescent dating violence include individual beliefs about violence, peer interactions, aggressive behavior, and cross-gender violence. However, these factors have not been integrated into a single comprehensive model of dating violence development. Thus, using the proposed dual pathway model, the present study examined prospective links between family violence exposure in pre-adolescence; proviolent beliefs, aggression, deviant peer affiliation, and cross-gender violence in early adolescence; and dating violence involvement in late adolescence; as well as examined gender and ethnic differences in these relationships. A sample of 456 …
External Aid And Its Effectiveness In The Reconstruction And Development Of Afghanistan - An Analysis Of The Years 2002-2014, Muneeb Raqeebi
External Aid And Its Effectiveness In The Reconstruction And Development Of Afghanistan - An Analysis Of The Years 2002-2014, Muneeb Raqeebi
All ETDs from UAB
After more than twelve years of major humanitarian, security and development aid and assistance from international community, the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan prepares to shift back security arrangements throughout the country from the International Security Assistance Forces (ISAF) to Afghanistan National Security Forces (ANSF). As this transition takes place, the majority of Afghan population and a large number of donor nations and international aid organizations that provided aid to Afghanistan since 2002 are concerned as whether or not this transition will also result in the transition of Afghanistan from conflict to stability, confirming success of the international …
Indebtedness, Debt Stress, And Health-Related Behaviors: A Study Of Alabamians' Financial Well-Being And Physical Health, Lingfei Guo
All ETDs from UAB
In order to better understand the SES-health relationship and gain a more accurate estimation of SES on physical health, the primary objectives of this research are: (1) to test the relationship between Alabamians' indebtedness and their health-related behaviors; (2) to test the mediating effect of Alabamians' socioeconomic and sociodemographic status in the relationship of indebtedness and health-related behaviors; and, (3) to test the possible mediating effect of debt stress on indebtedness and health-related behaviors. The health lifestyle theory guides this research. Research has advanced two views that explain the interrelationship between socioeconomic status and physical health. The first view deals …
Socioeconomic Status, Social Relationships, And Higher Weight Status, Anthony David Campbell
Socioeconomic Status, Social Relationships, And Higher Weight Status, Anthony David Campbell
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis serves two main research objectives. The first objective is to examine the extent to which higher weight status is patterned by indicators of socioeconomic status. The second objective is to explore the involvement of social relationships in the association between socioeconomic status and weight status. I use a theoretical framework incorporating aspects of fundamental cause theory and insights from the literature on social relationships and health. Data for this study were obtained from the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 3,957). The analytic sample focused on Black and White respondents over the age of 40. …
The Effects Of Sleep Restriction On Adolescents' Pedestrian Safety, Aaron Leah Davis
The Effects Of Sleep Restriction On Adolescents' Pedestrian Safety, Aaron Leah Davis
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction. Over 8,000 American adolescents ages 14 and 15 require medical attention due to pedestrian injury annually. Psychosocial factors contributing to pedestrian safety include reaction time, impulsivity, risk-taking, attention, and decision-making. These characteristics are also influenced by sleep restriction. Adolescents require 8.5 hours of uninterrupted sleep each night. Despite requiring more sleep than other children, adolescents often do not obtain adequate sleep due to delayed circadian, academic demands, extracurricular activities, media use, and minimal parental supervision. This combination of factors may place adolescents at risk for pedestrian injury. Method. This study investigated whether sleep restriction reduces adolescents' pedestrian safety. Using …
The Relationship Between Inflammatory Biomarkers And Cognitive Function In Older Adults, Andrea C. Sartori
The Relationship Between Inflammatory Biomarkers And Cognitive Function In Older Adults, Andrea C. Sartori
All ETDs from UAB
Recent literature indicates associations between inflammation, aging, and cognitive function. Inflammatory processes have also been implicated in the onset of pathological and neurodegenerative conditions. Current study aims were to examine the associations between inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive function in older adults, and to explore the interrelationships of inflammatory biomarkers, depressive symptoms, health conditions, and cognitive function. Two studies were utilized for the current project: 1) a cross-sectional sample of sedentary older adults aged 65+ from the Physical and Cognitive Exercise Study (PACES; n=54); and 2) a longitudinal study (UAB Study of Aging) of community-dwelling older African Americans and Caucasians (n=393). …
The Effect Of Incentive Strategy On Health Behaviors And Outcomes In The Workplace, Lindsay M. Sutton
The Effect Of Incentive Strategy On Health Behaviors And Outcomes In The Workplace, Lindsay M. Sutton
All ETDs from UAB
This study examined participation, engagement, and achievement of health-related targets under two sequentially administered wellness programs for approximately 2,000 full-time city personnel of a Southern municipal government. Program A utilized paper fliers and community posters as the primary communication strategy and incented employees for achieving 3 health outcomes only by a lump-sum, one-time monetary reward distributed at the end of the year. Program B subsequently utilized a web-based site where employees logged into individualized accounts and received points that accrued for both completing behaviors and achieving health outcomes. Both electronic and paper communication strategies were utilized to as primary mediums …
The Flow Of The Social: Developing A Constructal Systemic Approach To The Study Of Health Inequalities, William A. Anderson
The Flow Of The Social: Developing A Constructal Systemic Approach To The Study Of Health Inequalities, William A. Anderson
All ETDs from UAB
Society is a dynamic, living system. People, groups, institutions, and cultures are intricately interconnected. Changes in one area of society create changes in other areas. Causes and results may be closely linked or separated by time and space. Sociologists readily acknowledge this dynamic reality. However, our mainstream theories and methods often fail to account for it. Even after decades of research into social inequalities in health, medical sociology still seems far away from being able to offer any definitive ideas about why such inequalities exist and persist despite efforts to alleviate them. Medical sociology (and sociology in general) is centered …
Acoustical Analysis Of Trained And Untrained Singers Onsite Before And After Prolonged Voice Use, Christophe E. Jackson
Acoustical Analysis Of Trained And Untrained Singers Onsite Before And After Prolonged Voice Use, Christophe E. Jackson
All ETDs from UAB
Controlled acoustic environments are important in voice research. Recording environment affects the quality of voice recordings. While sound booths and anechoic chambers are examples of controlled acoustic environments widely used in research, they are both costly and not portable. The long-term goal of this project is to compare the voice usage and efficiency of trained and untrained singers onsite immediately before and after vocal performance. The specific goal of this project is the further of development a Portable Sound Booth (PSB) and standardization of onsite voice recording procedures under controlled conditions. We hypothesized that the simple and controlled acoustic environment …
Frequency Of Exercise Training's Effect On Psychological Outcomes In Older Women, William Neumeier
Frequency Of Exercise Training's Effect On Psychological Outcomes In Older Women, William Neumeier
All ETDs from UAB
Objectives: Exercise training by older adults has demonstrated many health benefits, including improved cognition and psychological well-being. The optimal frequency of combined aerobic exercise training (AET) and resistance exercise training (RET) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether exercise improves body image, esteem, depression, and mood, among older women, and whether improvements differ by frequency of exercise. Methods: Post-menopausal women (N = 64) over the age of 60 (64.79 ± 3.74) were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 completed two exercise sessions (1 AET, 1 RET) per week, Group 2 completed four sessions …