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The Effect Of The Chemical And Physical Properties Of Cotton On The Retention Of Spermatozoa, Brynnen Hendrix
The Effect Of The Chemical And Physical Properties Of Cotton On The Retention Of Spermatozoa, Brynnen Hendrix
All ETDs from UAB
Studies have shown that spermatozoa persist on cotton fabric under various conditions after being washed multiple times. The purpose of this study was to observe the number of sperm cells removed from cotton fabric over the course of multiple wash cycles. This study also explored how various treatment methods impact the rate of removal and number of cells removed. In this study, sperm cells were counted using a hemacytometer to estimate the average number of cells in a 20 µL semen stain. Twenty stains were prepared on cotton fabric and washed in a microfuge tube with 200 µL of reverse …
"Decidedly Good Looking:" Horatio Alger’S Juvenile Heroes And The Racial Subtext Of The American Dream, Madison Robin Owens
"Decidedly Good Looking:" Horatio Alger’S Juvenile Heroes And The Racial Subtext Of The American Dream, Madison Robin Owens
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Growing Need For A Standardized Response To Radiopharmaceutical Extravasations, Michael Richard Drelich
Growing Need For A Standardized Response To Radiopharmaceutical Extravasations, Michael Richard Drelich
All ETDs from UAB
Extravasations are medical occurrences where an injected or infused pharmaceutical is unintentionally deposited into the soft tissue near the injection site, rather than into the bloodstream. With radiopharmaceuticals, extravasations can result in potentially large radiation doses to skin and tissue. The current rate of extravasations in clinical settings is estimated to be between 3-23%. In the interest of patient safety, a clearer understanding of the dosimetry and differences in extravasation scenarios to simplify dose estimation is needed. Similarly, the NRC is considering modifying regulations to include extravasations as reportable medical events rather than to continue considering them as patient interventions. …
Motor Development Of Individuals Referred For An Asd Evaluation, Timothy Gary Hilty
Motor Development Of Individuals Referred For An Asd Evaluation, Timothy Gary Hilty
All ETDs from UAB
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 1 in 36 children. Fine motor skill delays and deficits are a common occurrence among autistic individuals. Fine motor delays tend to present in toddlerhood and deficits tend to persist into adulthood. However, fine motor skill delays and deficits are not a component of the diagnostic criteria for an ASD diagnosis. While fine motor differences between autistic and typically developing individuals are well established, it remains unclear if these differences exist between autistic individuals and those with other neurodevelopmental disorders and whether they provide additional insight into diagnosing ASD more accurately. …
Education Attainment And Health: Outside The Gender Binary, Brianna Patterson
Education Attainment And Health: Outside The Gender Binary, Brianna Patterson
All ETDs from UAB
Transgender and gender nonbinary individuals, hereafter referred to as trans, report worse health outcomes than trans individuals whose gender identity matches their sex assigned at birth, hereafter referred to as cisgender (Bauer, Hammond, Travers et al. 2009, Cicero, Reisner, Merwin et al. 2020). Past research has indicated that social determinants of health, such as education attainment, may be responsible for these inequities (Low 2006, The Lancet Public 2020). Education’s influence on health is well known from previous research, but the association is not distributed equally. In the United States (US) educational system, state and local governments have control, not the …
Characterizing The Reproductive System Of Avrainvillea In HawaiʻI, Brinkley Mikayla Thornton
Characterizing The Reproductive System Of Avrainvillea In HawaiʻI, Brinkley Mikayla Thornton
All ETDs from UAB
Sex has generated incredible life cycle diversity across eukaryotes. Differences in the timing of meiosis and fertilization have generated tremendous variation in the duration of haploid and diploid phases. To understand what drives eukaryotic sexual diversity, there remains a need to determine the rates of sexual and asexual reproduction in natural populations. Moreover, life cycle diversity is predicted to be correlated with the reproductive system. Yet, most studies on reproductive variation have focused on diploid or diploid dominant organisms, hindering the ability to understand sex. Macroalgae can serve as useful models to overcome this limitation via life cycle and reproductive …
Genotype And Sex Specific Effects Of Methionine Restriction On The Life And Healthspan Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Joshua Robert Smith
Genotype And Sex Specific Effects Of Methionine Restriction On The Life And Healthspan Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Joshua Robert Smith
All ETDs from UAB
Reduced dietary intake of the amino acid methionine has been reported to significantly extend the lifespan of common laboratory model organisms including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mus musculus, and Drosophila melanogaster. Methionine restriction (MR) has also been achieved via non-dietary means such as metabolite supplementation and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. MR along with protein and calorie restriction are known as dietary interventions capable of producing pro-longevity benefits through regulation of nutrient sensing pathways. Recent studies in model organisms have also identified beneficial effects of a low methionine diet on aging-associated phenotypes and markers of overall healthspan. However, the effects of this intervention on …
Environmental Influences On The Physiology Of Cnidarians And Their Symbionts, Shelby Gantt
Environmental Influences On The Physiology Of Cnidarians And Their Symbionts, Shelby Gantt
All ETDs from UAB
Corals and other cnidarians maintain complex symbioses that include photosynthetic endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodiniaceae), protozoans, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and other metazoans, collectively known as the holobiont. The stability of these associations is crucial for holobiont resilience and adaptation to environmental conditions and are the results of long-term ecological and evolutionary processes. Environmental factors such as light availability, seasonal environmental fluctuations, and warmer, more acidic conditions can disrupt these symbiotic associations and alter holobiont functioning. To understand the influence of different environments on cnidarian host and symbiont physiology, two framework coral species (Acropora palmata and Orbicella faveolata) from nursery-raised and wild populations …
Using The Social Ecological Model To Assess The Correlates Of Unprotected Sex Among African American Emerging Adults, Shirlacia S. Gray
Using The Social Ecological Model To Assess The Correlates Of Unprotected Sex Among African American Emerging Adults, Shirlacia S. Gray
All ETDs from UAB
USING THE SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL TO ASSESS THE CORRELATES OF UNPROTECTED SEX AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN EMERGING ADULTS SHIRLACIA S. GRAY DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY ABSTRACT Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that HIV diagnoses for Black/African American men and women are 8x and 15x higher than white individuals, respectively. While the social determinants of health largely influence HIV transmission rates, reducing risky behaviors can lower the risk for HIV. This current study used the Social Ecological Model to investigate correlates of unprotected sex. Methods: Participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling. Participant's demographics (age, gender, years of education, financial …
Predicting Maximum Concentric And Eccentric Squat Strength From Maximum Isometric Squat Strength, Michael A. Dunn
Predicting Maximum Concentric And Eccentric Squat Strength From Maximum Isometric Squat Strength, Michael A. Dunn
All ETDs from UAB
Resistive squat exercise is a well-established technique to enhance the strength of muscles and bone of the back in humans. Such type of exercise could prove highly beneficial for individuals with pathological condition of the back such as osteoporosis. Notably, the rehabilitation programs aimed at strengthening the muscles and bone of the back require the knowledge of the patient’s one repetition maximum (1RM). Finding the 1RM squat value could lead to injury due to the higher weights involved. In addition, testing for 1RM could be not feasible in older populations or young population with chronic back conditions The isometric squat …
Exploring The Associations Between Cognitive Training, Social Determinants Of Health, And Driving Behaviors: A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Active Study, Katie Wheeler
All ETDs from UAB
As the average lifespan increases, older adults are remaining independent into older ages than before. The ability to drive a vehicle is an essential part of daily living that helps older adults maintain independence. Cognitive training, specifically speed of processing training (SOPT), is an intervention that has consistently shown to benefit older adult’s driving abilities and driving behaviors. This dissertation examined the longitudinal association between cognitive training and primary driving location on crash risk across 20 years (Paper 1), investigated the effects of cognitive training and dosage on driving mobility across 10 years (Paper 2), and explored social determinants of …
Temporal And Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Dietary Phytochemicals In Breast Cancer Prevention, Andrew Brane
Temporal And Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Dietary Phytochemicals In Breast Cancer Prevention, Andrew Brane
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer (BC) is a widespread malignancy that, despite advancements in treatments and improvements in survival, had an estimated 297,790 new cases and 43,170 mortalities in 2023. With around 1 in every 8 women in the US expected to be diagnosed with BC at some point in their lives, the economic, societal, and healthcare burdens associated with this disease cannot be understated. Because of this, treatments and preventions that are affordable, efficacious, and easily administered are in high demand. Preventive therapies have shown great promise in reducing disease burden with relatively few serious side effects. BC prevention through the consumption …
Identification Of The Synthetic Cannabinoids Bzo-Poxizid And Mda-19 Using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry, Samantha Way
Identification Of The Synthetic Cannabinoids Bzo-Poxizid And Mda-19 Using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry, Samantha Way
All ETDs from UAB
Synthetic cannabinoids are synthetic compounds created to mimic the effects of naturally derived cannabis. They are up to 100 times more potent than natural cannabis, and due to their cannabinoid-like activity, they are considered schedule one drugs in Alabama. They are also the most common new psychoactive substance in the state of Alabama. The possible threat to public health and their schedule one status makes it necessary to develop a method for the detection of these substances. BZO-POXIZID and MDA-19 are two synthetic cannabinoids of recent interest. This study was conducted to validate a method for the detection of these …
Barbara Dane: The Forgotten Activist, Jacob Kennedy
Barbara Dane: The Forgotten Activist, Jacob Kennedy
All ETDs from UAB
Barbara Dane is best understood as an unsung hero of the New Left and Folk Revival because since her graduation from high school in 1945, she has used every resource at her disposal to support and grow various movements. She has picketed for the labor movement, canvassed for the Progressive party, traveled to Mississippi to perform for the civil rights movement and SNCC, marched for peace as part of the anti-war movement, and performed and advocated for the Feminist movement throughout her lifetime. Dane has traveled the globe from war-torn Prague in 1947, Cuba in 1966, and Northern Vietnam in …
Associations Of Religious Involvement And Cultural Justifications With Depressive Symptoms And Burden Among Caregivers, Maizonne Fields
Associations Of Religious Involvement And Cultural Justifications With Depressive Symptoms And Burden Among Caregivers, Maizonne Fields
All ETDs from UAB
With the advancement of medicine, life expectancy has increased globally. As a result, the need for a caregiver by an older adult has also risen. A caregiver is often a spouse, child, or friend of an older adult that assists an older adult that is experiencing changes in their ability to complete activities of daily living and/or instrumental activities of daily living. Caregivers are often unpaid for their assistance and can be at heightened risk for negative mental health outcomes. This study used the Stress Process Model to investigate the associations of high levels of religious commitment or involvement (RCI) …
Investigating Impacts Of Caregiving On Cognitive Function: Role Of Social Support, Lu Tian
Investigating Impacts Of Caregiving On Cognitive Function: Role Of Social Support, Lu Tian
All ETDs from UAB
Study Aim: Using the stress process model as a framework, this dissertation aims to investigate the role of social support on the influence of informal caregiving on cognitive function of caregivers aged 50 years and older and to look at potential gender and racial differences in this association. Method: Leveraging data from the 2016 to 2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), this research employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis to examine the influence of caregiving on the cognitive function of older adults. To comprehensively understand the pathways through which caregiving impacts cognitive outcomes, I use mediation …
Fentanyl Overdoses And Use Of Randox Multistat For Investigative Purposes, Clarissa Danielle Lawen
Fentanyl Overdoses And Use Of Randox Multistat For Investigative Purposes, Clarissa Danielle Lawen
All ETDs from UAB
The opioid epidemic started in the early 1990s with the rise of prescription overdoses. In more recent years, heroin and fentanyl use has rapidly increased. Fentanyl, specifically, is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. To keep up with the ever-evolving epidemic, the Randox MultiSTAT was validated for use in the medical examiner autopsy suite for the potential to aid medical examiners in triaging the need for a full autopsy versus an external examination with toxicology testing. The Randox MultiSTAT is a triage tool and investigatory screen designed to provide presumptive test results across multiple matrices. It can detect …
Examining U.S. National Trends In Adult Mental Illness And Naturalistic Psychedelic Drug Use, Daniel Grossman
Examining U.S. National Trends In Adult Mental Illness And Naturalistic Psychedelic Drug Use, Daniel Grossman
All ETDs from UAB
Psychedelic drugs have gained prominent attention in recent years for their therapeutic potential in treating mental illness in clinical settings. Concurrently, population studies show increasing prevalence and notable demographic changes among naturalistic psychedelic users, as well as mixed associations between different types of naturalistic psychedelic use and mental health. However, despite this ongoing cultural shift, little is known about temporal changes in the mental health profiles of naturalistic psychedelic users at the population level. This thesis examined national trends in the association between past year naturalistic use of LSD, MDMA, and DMT/AMT/Foxy and past year mental illness among US adults, …
Longitudinal Effects Of Adolescent Digital Media Use On Sleep, Cardiometabolic Health, And Mental Health, Caroline Watson
Longitudinal Effects Of Adolescent Digital Media Use On Sleep, Cardiometabolic Health, And Mental Health, Caroline Watson
All ETDs from UAB
Background Digital media use has become an integral part of society and may contribute to adverse physical and mental health outcomes, particularly among adolescents. However, few studies have examined the longitudinal effects of adolescent digital media use across the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. As adolescents present as a highrisk group for the adverse effects of digital media use on mental and physical health, the present studies identified digital media use trajectories from adolescence into young adulthood and examined these trajectories as predictors of sleep duration, cardiometabolic health, and mental health outcomes in young adulthood. Methods Participants (Mage=15.53; 56.86% …
The Freshman Life And Student Health (Flash) Study: Using Social Network Analysis To Understand How Obesity And Stigma Impact Emerging Adult Health, Alena C. Borgatti
The Freshman Life And Student Health (Flash) Study: Using Social Network Analysis To Understand How Obesity And Stigma Impact Emerging Adult Health, Alena C. Borgatti
All ETDs from UAB
Both racial discrimination and weight stigma have been identified as risk factors for poorer mental, physical, and social health. College students are vulnerable to the effects of stigma, as they greatly value peer acceptance and friendships during a pivotal time of emotional and health behavior development. The present study was the first to use social network analysis to examine the impact of weight and racial discrimination on the development of college social relationships and how these experiences influence students’ physical and mental health. 1330 participants (69% of on-campus freshmen) completed a brief survey on social networks, physical health, mental health, …
Use Of Psilocybin And Other Classic Psychedelics In Fibromyalgia: A Survey Study, Kathleen Hodgin
Use Of Psilocybin And Other Classic Psychedelics In Fibromyalgia: A Survey Study, Kathleen Hodgin
All ETDs from UAB
Psilocybin and other classic psychedelics may have potential for treatment of fibromyalgia, a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and other symptoms including fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and sleep problems. In this exploratory, descriptive study, an online survey was distributed among individuals with fibromyalgia to gather reports of any changes in pain related to past classic psychedelic use. Sixty-four participants with fibromyalgia completed the study, with most having used psilocybin mushrooms or LSD. In addition to recreational use and other reasons, use of psychedelics for mental health or pain-related reasons was frequently endorsed. Of the participants who reported experiencing any …
Titanium-45 Radiochemistry For The Development Of Pet Radiopharmaceuticals, Fnu Shefali
Titanium-45 Radiochemistry For The Development Of Pet Radiopharmaceuticals, Fnu Shefali
All ETDs from UAB
Imaging using nuclear medicine techniques has enabled non-invasive measurements of biomarkers for a wide range of diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The production and characterization of new radioisotopes are crucial steps in designing radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear imaging applications. 45Ti is a novel radionuclide with desired physical characteristics for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging. The half-life of 3.08 h is ideal for the imaging of small peptides. In addition, the 45Ti decay by positron emission (85 %) and a low mean positron energy (0.439 MeV) offers high spatial resolution. The production route of 45Ti is straightforward due to …
Knocking At The Door: The Life And Legacy Of Dr. James Montgomery, Haley Eloise Wells
Knocking At The Door: The Life And Legacy Of Dr. James Montgomery, Haley Eloise Wells
All ETDs from UAB
The life and work of Black Birmingham cardiologist, Dr. James T. Montgomery, demonstrates the importance of viewing the history of health activism and Birmingham civil rights history as two interconnected histories that influenced each other. Traditionally, secondary scholarship on the Birmingham civil rights movement and scholarship on the history of healthcare have been treated as two separate areas of study. Scholars such as Glenn Eskew and Diane McWhorter have written extensively on the civil rights movement in Birmingham, but their scholarship excludes any comprehensive discussion of the fight for racial justice within Birmingham’s medical field. Conversely, scholars such as Thomas …
Multi-Enclave Blockchain Architecture Integrating Useful Work For Member Selection In Committee-Based Consensus, Shawn C. Adams
Multi-Enclave Blockchain Architecture Integrating Useful Work For Member Selection In Committee-Based Consensus, Shawn C. Adams
All ETDs from UAB
Blockchains offer an alternative approach to centralized systems for data and record storage by using independently operated nodes in a distributed and decentralized network. Within a blockchain network, each node maintains an identical version of all data, without being directly controlled or managed by any centralized entity. Nodes maintain the synchronization of data through the network's consensus mechanism, a protocol built into the nodes to determine which node is given the right to append data to the network. Once chosen, the data added by the node is propagated to other nodes which update their local records to maintain synchronization. Common …
Impact Of Covid-19 On A Smoking Cessation Intervention: A Look At Recruitment And Retention, Elizabeth S. Hawes
Impact Of Covid-19 On A Smoking Cessation Intervention: A Look At Recruitment And Retention, Elizabeth S. Hawes
All ETDs from UAB
While smoking prevalence rates have declined in the general population over the past 50 years, persons in the criminal legal population have disproportionally high rates of smoking. Previous research suggests that smoking cessation interventions and campaigns have missed targeting this population. Due to the COVD-19 pandemic, many ongoing clinical trials had to rapidly shift to using remote trials, including our smoking cessation trial with the criminal legal population. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to compare recruitment rate, study adherence, retention, NRT adherence, and quit attempts for participants who completed the study as planned (In Person), after implementation of …
Suicide Ideation And Risk Factors Among Correctional Officers, Logan Lavender
Suicide Ideation And Risk Factors Among Correctional Officers, Logan Lavender
All ETDs from UAB
The correctional work environment is detrimental to correctional officers’ (COs) health and wellness. While research shows that COs experience high rates of stress, PTSD, and other mental and physical health problems, relatively little research has examined the issue of CO suicide. The current study addresses this knowledge gap by drawing on a survey of COs from Washington state (N=420). Utilizing a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework, this study examines the prevalence of critical incidents (CIs), work stress, PTSD, and suicide ideation, estimates the degree to which exposure to CIs predicts suicide ideation, and assesses how work stress and PTSD moderate …
Synthesis And Characterization Of High Entropy Borides Under High-Pressure And High-Temperature Environments, Seth David Iwan
Synthesis And Characterization Of High Entropy Borides Under High-Pressure And High-Temperature Environments, Seth David Iwan
All ETDs from UAB
The high-entropy materials containing five or more constituent elements are of current interest because of enhancement in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties that are not achievable by simple elements or binary alloys. In this thesis, high pressure and high temperature synthesis studies have been carried out on High-Entropy Borides(HEB) like (Hf0.2, Mo0.2, Nb0.2, Ta0.2, Zr0.2)B2 , (Hf0.2, Mo0.2, Nb0.2, Ta0.2, Ti0.2)B2, and (Hf0.2, Ti0.2, Zr0.2, Ta0.2, Mo0.2)B2, at the Advanced Photon Source(APS) High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT) Facility. These High Entropy materials are synthesized under high pressure and high temperature starting from a precursor powder composed of desired transition …
Validation Of 'Bath Salts' Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Andrew Harris
Validation Of 'Bath Salts' Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Andrew Harris
All ETDs from UAB
New designer drugs are now being called “legal highs” because they were created to get around existing drug laws. This was done by modifying the molecular structures to create different chemical structures with similar effects to those illicit drugs. Synthetic cathinones, also referred to as ‘Bath Salts’, are the newest type of designer drugs that have stimulant effects. This research set out to validate a method for the separation and analysis of 3,4-Methylenedioxy Pyrovalerone 8 (3,4-Methylenedioxy PV8) 3,4-Methylenedioxy- N-Benzylcathinone (3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-BC), 4-Fluoro-alpha-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone (4-Fluoro-alpha-PHP), 4-Methyl-alpha-Ethylaminopentiophenone (4-Methyl-alpha- EAPP), and N-(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-3,4-Dimethoxyamphetamine (N-(1,4-dimethylpentyl)- 3,4-DMA). The parameters evaluated were limit of detection (LOD), interference, reproducibility, and …
Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright
Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright
All ETDs from UAB
olescence, a period of rapid brain maturation and development coincides with the development of mental health disorders. Many teens in the United States with diagnosable mental health conditions lack mental health treatment due to limited access and provider availability, particularly affecting adolescents who are underserved. School-based interventions, including those centered around mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown promise in their effectiveness among adolescents. This study examines the impact of an in-school MBSR-based program, MindUP, on mental health outcomes, including depressive symptomology, anxiety symptomology, and perceived stress, in adolescents who are underserved. Additionally, focus group discussions were conducted with students participating …
Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani
Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani
All ETDs from UAB
Limited availability of resources regarding developmental issues, health literacy, linguistic-sensitivity (i.e., use of linguistically appropriate resources and measures), structural barriers (i.e., appointment length, transportation), and cultural values and beliefs are commonly-cited barriers in identifying Latine autistic children. Stigma may also play a role, as it is negatively related to both knowledge/awareness within ASD and to acculturation in other disorders (i.e., HIV). Stigma can have detrimental, pervasive effects on daily living for those stigmatized and their families. Limited research examined the rate, presentation, and effect of ASD stigma within the Latine community, and all available studies explored stigma as reported by …