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The Lithic Assemblage Of The Hacklander Site, Allegan County, Michigan, Jerrel H. Sorensen

Masters Theses

Introduction

Orientation

In A History of American Archaeology Willey and Sabloff (1974) outline the development of archaeological method and theory in the Western Hemisphere. The authors defined 5 periods through which they traced advances in archaeology from the time Europe first discovered the New World. Each other these periods is characterized by certain attitudes and orientations toward archaeological data. Old ideas changed as new information, new tools of discovery, and new ways of interpretation and explanation transformed archaeology into what it is today.

Archaeologists are now in the Explanatory Period (Willey and Sabloff 1974:178). This period's theoretical orientation can be …

The Ducks Nest Site: A Small Mississippian Site In Warren County, Tennessee, Gerald Wesley Kline

Masters Theses

Archaeological investigations conducted at the Ducks Nest site (40WR4), situated on a ridge in the Barren Fork drainage in the Eastern Highland Rim of Middle Tennessee, resulted in the excavation of a small Mississippian component consisting of two superimposed wall trench structures and six features. These cultural remains and the artifacts and ecofacts recovered in association are described and discussed. It is concluded that the Ducks Nest site was occupied on a year round basis over a limited number of years during the first half of the twelfth century A.D. by a small social group that was trophically self-sufficient.

The Mississippian Component At The Eoff I Site, Normandy Reservoir, Coffee County, Tennessee, Lloyd Norris Chapman

Masters Theses

Analysis of the Mississippian component features from the Eoff I site in the Normandy Reservoir, upper Duck River, Coffee County, Tennessee, has indicated that the component represents an Early ,Mississippian Banks phase occupation dating from between A.D. 1068 and A.D. 1170. The spatial distribution of features at the site along with the artifactual content of these features suggests that a major cluster of features was placed in consistent arrangement with each of two semisubterranean structures. A storage zone is possibly indicated by a cluster of features with morphological characteristics usually associated with storage facilities and also by the significantly larger …

Ethnography For Archaeology: A Functional Interpretation Of An Upper Great Lakes Prehistoric Fishing Artifact, Donald E. Weston

Masters Theses

Introduction and Problem

One of the basic and challenging tasks in archaeology is the interpretation of artifacts and the reconstruction of prehistoric cultures. Difficulties arise primarily because (1) not all past human behavior is manifest in the archaeological record, and (2) that which remains is only adequately represented. Our success at understanding prehistory is further limited by differential preservation, lack of representative samples, and loss of contextual data. Even with the use of sophisticated recovery techniques, vigorous analysis, and statistical manipulation it is seldom possible to arrive at neat reconstructions. Prehistory is, after all, the indirect study of human behavior …

Anthropological Approaches To The Study Of Nepali Shamanism, Christopher J. Busick

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Anatomical Alterations Of The Pelvis: The Significance When Determining Childbirth And Sex, Connie Lynn Hall

Masters Theses

Research concerned with the osteological alterations in the pelvic girdle thought to be associated with pregnancy and parturition is fairly recent. Much of the research in this area has dealt with the osteological alterations seen on the anterior and posterior pubic facies. The research on the sacroiliac joint has leaned toward the preauricular sulcus of the ilium. Consequently, data pertaining to the osteological alterations thought to be associated with pregnancy and parturition seen on the lateral margins of the anterior face of the first through third sacral vertebrae are not complete. It is my intention in this thesis to demonstrate …

A Functional Analysis Of The Temporomandibular Joint In Homosapiens Sapiens And Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis, Janice Lynn Foxworthy

Masters Theses

Analysis of the temporomandibular region in Homo sapiens neanderthalensis reveals diagnostic morphological differences in comparison to the morphological pattern typically expressed in the temporomandibular joint region of Homo sapiens sapiens. The temporomandibular joint region in Neandertals is characterized by a (1) thickened tympanic ring, petrosal area, mandibular fossa roof, and temporal squama; (2) pronounced postglenoid process; (3) more oval external auditory meatus, directed anteriorly and superiorly, positioned relatively higher on the temporal bone; (4) wide shallow glenoid fossa; (5) formation of the glenoid fossa wall; and (6) prominently developed articular eminence. This thesis concentrates on the morphological variations expressed …

An Archaeological Survey Of The Middle Nolichucky River Basin, Calvert W. Mcilhany Iii

Masters Theses

A cultural history of the middle Nolichucky River Basin has been defined based on data obtained during a 1977 survey of 41 prehistoric archaeological sites. The area was sparsely occupied during the Paleo-Indian period, at least 10,000 years ago. More intensive occupations followed during the Early Archaic through Mississippian periods. Representative areas within four generalized biogeographic zones were examined with particular emphasis on locating prehistoric archaeological sites and lithic raw material sources. The small size of the cultural material sample and limited number of sites examined do not provide sufficient data to make specific conclusions about patterns of settlement and …

The Ceramics Of The Sand Point Site (20bg14) Baraga County, Michigan: A Preliminary Description, Lawrence G. Dorothy

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Reinterpretation Of Plains Indian Adaptation: The Case Of The Comanche, Lynn R. Johnson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Schmidt Site: A Pre-Nipissing Village In The Saginaw Valley, Michigan, Jerry D. Fairchild

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Physical Anthropology Of Chiggerville: Demography And Pathology, Norman C. Sullivan

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Sexual Differences, Fluctuating Asymmetry And Their Implications In The Growth Rate And Developmental Stability Of The Permanent Dentition And The Primary Dermal Ridge Of The Fingers And Palms, Robert S. Webb

Masters Theses

This study presents evidence that specific genetic material influences the growth rate and developmental stability of two genetic systems, dermal ridges and permanent dentition, having mutually exclusive developmental periods. Dermal ridges develop rapidly early in fetal life, while the permanent dentition develops slowly in a postnatal environment. Theories centering on the nature and effects of the specific genetic material (heterochromatin) are discussed and applied whenever possible.

The data for this investigation were collected from students in introductory anthropology classes at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The sample consists of fifty males and fifty females. Finger prints, palm prints and casts …

An Analysis Of East Tennessee Dalton Projectile Points, Wayne D. Roberts

Masters Theses

East Tennessee projectile points, previously described as the Early Woodland period Candy Creek type, are analyzed. Through the intensive examination of 17 continuous attributes and three discrete attributes reflecting morphology, function and manufacturing techniques, 112 of these East Tennessee projectile points are compared with 46 Dalton and Quad projectile points from northern Alabama and 37 Hardaway-Dalton projectile points from the Piedmont of North Carolina. As a result of the observations and a linear discriminant function program, it is determined that the Candy Creek projectile point is a regional variant of the Dalton projectile point type. Dalton manifestations described in the …

An Analysis Of The European Artifacts From Chota-Tanasee, An Eighteenth Century Overhill Cherokee Town, Robert Dolan Newman

Masters Theses

Description and analysis of over 67,000 European artifacts and aboriginally modified European artifacts from Chota-Tanasee (40MR2-40MR62) provides a basis for future studies of similar European artifacts from Overhill Cherokee sites in the Little Tennessee Valley.

Dated European artifacts provided a means to construct a chronology of features and burials. Only 40 of 1086 features and two of 114 burials were dated to one of four periods of European economic and political influence. Thirty features and one burial date to the Colonial period corroborating accounts of Chota-Tanasee's size and importance during the mid-18th century. Too few features and burials date to …

Middle And Late Archaic Mortuary Patterning: An Example From The Western Tennessee Valley, Ann L. Magennis

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the social organization and structure of Middle and Late Archaic populations in the western Tennessee Valley. The stratified Middle and Late Archaic Eva site yielded a temporally sequential skeletal series that allowed for the examination of changes in social and demographic structure through time at a single site. Comparison of the Late Archaic Eva series with the Late Archaic Cherry sample facilitated the examination of spatial differences in these two parameters.

Results of the analysis of mortuary activity indicate that there was little elaboration in the mortuary ritual and that …

An Analysis Of The Morrow Mountain Component At The Icehouse Bottom Site And A Reassessment Of The Morrow Mountain Complex, Patricia A. Cridlebaugh

Masters Theses

Stratified Middle Archaic Stanly and Morrow Mountain components discovered in 1975 at the Icehouse Bottom site (40MR23) in the Little Tennessee River Valley provided data comparable with that reported by Joffre L. Coe (1964) from the North Carolina Piedmont Province. The 1976 excavation of the Howard site (40MR66) in the Little Tennessee River Valley added to that information pertaining to stratified Stanly and Morrow Mountain components in the Ridge and Valley Province of Tennessee.

Analysis of the Morrow Mountain component from Icehouse Bottom is presented in this study; this site is emphasized as a result of the additional and new …

A Zooarchaeological Analysis Of The Mississippian Faunal Remains From The Normandy Reservoir, Neil Douglas Robison

Masters Theses

The faunal remains from the Mississippian components on three archaeological sites (40CF111, 40CF32, and 40CF5) along the Duck River in the Normandy Reservoir, Coffee County, Tennessee, were analyzed for this study. From the three sites combined, 56,664 pieces of bone were examined of which 1,903 were identifiable to at least the family level; a minimum of 18 species of mammals, 5 birds, 7 reptiles, 4 amphibians, and 8 species of fish were represented. In addition, 4,922 identifiable gastropod shells from 12 species and 30 freshwater mussel valves from 4 species were identified from 40CF111 and 40CF32. The faunal species represented …

Prehistoric Settlement And Subsistence Patterns In The Great Smoky Mountains, Quentin R. Bass Ii

Masters Theses

Data derived from 205 sites located in the 1975 survey (National Park Service Contract Number CX500050211) and the McPherson/Wilburn survey (1936-1941) have defined a cultural prehistory for the Great Smoky Mountains spanning approximately 8,000 years. The Great Smoky Mountains were first occupied, albeit ephemerally, during the Early Archaic period. This was followed by more intensive occupations of the region during the successive broadly-defined Middle Archaic through historic Cherokee phases. The data reflect changing settlement and subsistence patterns during these periods. Study of the temporal and spatial distribution of lithic materials illustrates significant shifts in the utilization of lithic resources. These …

A Statistical Analysis Of The Prehistoric Ceramics From The Hacklander Site, Allegan County, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Physical Anthropology Of Chiggerville: Biological Relationships And Growth, Larry M. Wyckoff

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Trade Networks And The Development Of Local Status And Rank In Dallas Society, John G. Sabol Jr.

Masters Theses

Hatch's (1974) recent analysis of Dallas mortuary patterning, based principally on the distribution of exotic artifacts in Dallas mound burials, has identified and defined a Dallas status and rank system. Hatch and Willey (1974) suggest that this status and rank system linked Dallas sites to one another. This sociopolitical integration was based on kinship affiliations between individuals in the various ramages at Dallas sites.

Hatch and Willey (1974), however, ignore the importance of independently-operating local processes in the development of status and rank in Dallas society. An alternative approach to the study of Dallas culture and social organization is presented …

A Faunal Analysis Of Five Woodland Period Archaeological Sites In Southwestern Michigan, Terrance J. Martin

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Bone Flutes And Whistles From Archaeological Sites In Eastern North America, Katherine Lee Hall Martin

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to systematically classify perforated bone tubes known as flutes or whistles which had been recovered from archaeological sites in eastern North America. A sample was established from specimens described in the literature and additional specimens examined by the author. Sizeable collections in the Rochester Museum and Science Center in Rochester, New York, and the Ohio State Museum in Columbus, Ohio, were measured and photographed by the author. Specimens were also viewed at the McClung Museum in Knoxville, Tennessee.

A descriptive typology was constructed and spatial-temporal and functional correlations were tested against it. Spatial-temporal factors …

Social Status, Stature, And Pathology At Chucalissa (40sy1), Shelby County, Tennessee, Ronald K. Robinson

Masters Theses

Ethnohistoric and archaeological models have been used in making inferences about social interaction and relationships in Mississippian societies. In spite of an increasing awareness of cultural and biological interrelationships in approaching prehistoric societies, there remains a general lack of skeletal studies which have contributed to or supported these inferences.

The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that socially regulated or defined differences between groups of individuals existed at Chucalissa (40SY1), incorporating both archaeological and skeletal data. The ethnohistoric model of the Natchez social system and Ford's (1974:406) generalization that Mississippian societies were highly stratified due to a …

A Zooarchaeological Analysis Of Vertebrate Remains From Chota-Tanasi, A Historic Cherokee Village In East Tennessee, Arthur E. Bogan

Masters Theses

This study involves the examination and analysis of a faunal sample from the historic Overhill Cherokee village of Chota-Tanasi (4MR2-40MR62), Monroe County, Tennessee. A total of 33,385 pieces of bone was examined in an effort to determine which animals were utilized by the Cherokee and the probably importance of each species in the Cherokee diet. Analyses of this material showed that deer, bear, and turkey were the most important animals contributing to the meat diet. Ethnographic and historic sources suggest that the introduction of trade guns may have led to increased exploitation of the bear. Available data indicate that bison …

The Morphology Of The Axillary Border Of The Scapula With Special Reference To The Neandertal Problem, Carol B. Dittner

Masters Theses

Controversy concerning Neandertal man’s place in anatomically modern man’s ancestry continues today, 120 years after the discovery of the first Neandertal at Dusseldorf. The major emphasis of this controversy concerns the cranium. In the postcranial material, however, there are two areas which exhibit morphological differences from modern man, all other postcranial features being within the ranges of variation of modern man. These two different postcranial features are: the morphology of the superior pubic ramus of the innominate and the morphology of the axillary border of the scapula. This thesis is concerned with the latter feature.

While the axillary borders of …

Ethological Anthropology: An Examination Of Biological And Experimental Influences On Some Behavioral Systems In Human And Non-Human Primates, Robert Jennings Miller

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Interpretation Of The Determinants And Development Of The Cheyenne Council Of Forty-Four, David J. Pfundt

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of The Stone Artifacts From Gallinas Springs, New Mexico, Marvin G. Keller

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.