Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Heat Pump Drying Temperature On Drying Characteristics And Quality Of Persimmon Slices, Tang Xiao-Xian, Zheng Jing, Ren Ai-Qing, Duan Zhen-Hua, Wei Zhen-Zhen, Qin Yan-Ting, Fu Hai-Ping

Food and Machinery

Objective:In order to explore the effect of heat pump drying temperature on the drying characteristics and quality of persimmon slices;Methods:Taking persimmon as the raw material, the effects of different drying temperatures were compared, on the drying time, drying rate, color, hardness, rehydration rate, tannin content, total sugar, vitamin C and total acid content of dried persimmon slices.Results:when the heat pump drying temperature was 65 ℃, the drying rate was higher and the drying time was shorter. The dried persimmon slices dried at 65 ℃ had bright color, similar to fresh fruit color, good rehydration performance, the lowest …

Pork Quality Identification Based On Principal Component Analysis And Improved Support Vector Machine, Zhang Bao-Xia

Food and Machinery

Objective:In order to eliminate the large amount of redundant information in near-infrared spectroscopy and to improve the accuracy of pork quality identification, and to establish a method for rapid identification of pork quality.Methods:Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of pork spectrum data and the characteristic wavelengths of pork spectrum were selected. The parameters of the support vector machine (SVM) model were optimized by the salp swarm algorithm. Pork quality recognition model was proposed based on an improved support vector machine optimized by salp swarm algorithm.Results:compared with grey wolf optimization algorithm improved SVM (GWO-SVM), grid …

Purification Processing Of Pigment From Boletus Eduliswith Macroporous Resin And Its Antioxidant Capacity, Guo Lei, Zi Lu-Xi, Cui Qi, Zhou Yu, Qiu Hui-Ting, Kan Huan

Food and Machinery

Objective:The aim of this work is to obtain the optimal purification process of pigment from Boletus edulis by macroporous resin, and study its antioxidant activity. Methods:Based on the static and dynamic test, the influence of resin type, sample concentration, pH, loading flow ratio, ethanol concentration and elution flow ratio on the adsorption and desorption activity of Boletus edulis pigment were investigated to determine the optimal purification conditions. Then the structure, the DPPH·, ABTS+· and ·OH scavenging activity of the Boletus edulis pigment purified was also evaluated. Results:AB-8 was the most suitable type of macroporous resin and the optimum …

Research On Extraction Of Total Flavonoids From Green Tea With Deep Eutectic, Ni Xue-Hua, Wang Heng-Peng

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from green tea with Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and evaluate the antioxidant activity of total flavonoids extracted from green tea under optimal conditions.Methods:The extraction rate of total flavonoids was taken as the index, with the ratio of liquid to solid, extraction temperature and extraction time taken as the influencing factors, and the extraction process parameters were optimized by orthogonal test, followed by the antioxidant activity evaluating with DPPH free radical inhibition.Results:The optimal extraction conditions for extraction of total flavonoids from green tea with DESs were 80% …

Study On The Effect Of Chrysanthemum Polysaccharide On Hypoglycemic In Type 2 Diabetic Rats, Zhao Kai-Di, Wang Qiu-Dan, Lin Chang-Qing

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of chrysanthemum polysaccharide on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) rats.Methods:The chrysanthemum polysaccharides were extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. After feeding rats with high-fat and high-sugar feed for 6 weeks, STZ (30 mg/kg·BW) was injected intraperitoneally to establish a T2DM rat model, and records were recorded during the experiment. Rat body weight, food intake, water consumption, fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured every two weeks, and glucose tolerance (OGTT) test was performed in the last week of the test; the insulin (INS) level was measured by Elisa method, and insulin resistance …

Study On The Extraction Of Low-Potassium Kappa-Carrageenan By Ethanol Inhibition, Chen Yan-Hong, Wu Ling, Jiang Ze-Dong, Ni Hui

Food and Machinery

Objective:In order to control the potassium ion content in Carrageenan, this project used alcohol inhibition method instead of potassium ion solution to extract Carrageenan.Methods:The volume fraction of ethanol in the processes of alkali treatment, alkali residual cleaning, and precipitation of carrageenan after filtration during the extraction were optimized for controlling K+concentration.Results:The concentration of ethanol to inhibit the dissolution of Carrageenan was 60% in the process of alkali treatment and cleaning residual alkali, and the ratio of 60% ethanol solution to glue solution was 5∶1 in the process of Carrageenan precipitation. By using this process, the yield of …

Effects Of Simultaneous Combination Of Steam And Microwave Cooking On The Quality Of Pork Ribs, Yao Qing, Chen Yan-Ping, Sun Ying-Ying, Fang Kun, Cao Ya-Qun, Xu Yan-Shun

Food and Machinery

Objective:To determine the quality changes of the quality of pork ribs in simultaneous combination of steam and microwave cooking.Methods:The physicochemical quality, texture, fatty acids, amino acids, total thiol group, total carbonyl and vitro protein digestibility of pork ribs treated with simultaneous combination of steam and microwave were investigated.Results:The simultaneous combination of steam and microwave could significantly reduce the cooking time compared with the single steaming. And the combined cooking of microwave with 500 W and steam with 1 300 W for 13 min (MS-13) could reduce 48% of the cooking time. Compared with other groups, the pork …

The Quality Change Of Yunnan Xinping Pickles During Fermentation, Wang Xin-Rui, Li Hong, Ma Yi-Ran, Liu Bi-Qin, Shi Qiao

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to obtain the best fermentation time of Yunnan traditional Xinping pickles. Methods:Sensory evaluation and texture measurement of Xinping pickles under different fermentation times were carried out, and the pH value and nitrite content were determined according to the national standard method. Results:As the fermentation progressed, the sensory aspect of Xinping pickles gradually increased in color and texture, and stabilized after 6 days. The aroma and taste scores increased firstly, and then began to decline after 7 days. In terms of texture, the chewiness of the shank started to stabilize from Day 7. The pH value …

Ptimization Of Technological Conditions For Preparing Corncob Reducing Sugar By Two-Enzyme Method, Wang Jing-Xuan, Lu Bu-Shi, Li Xin-She, Wu Qiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on realizing the reuse and resource optimization of corncobs.Methods:Using corncob as raw material, using cellulase and hemicellulase to synergistically degrade corncob to prepare reducing sugars. Based on single factor test, response surface methodology was used to determine the mass ratio of cellulase to hemicellulase and double-enzyme process conditions, including addition amount, enzymolysis time, enzymolysis temperature, were optimized.Results:The optimal process parameters for corncob degradation to produce reducing sugars were as follows. The mass ratio of cellulase to hemicellulase was 13∶2, and the amount of double enzyme added was3.25%, hydrolyzed at 50 ℃ for 5.0 h. …

Optimization Of Carrot Heat Pump Drying Process By Response Surface Methodology, Peng Yu-Hang, Wang Guang-Hong, Sun Fei-Xue, Jin Ting-Xiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on optimizing the heat pump drying process of carrot.Methods:On the basis of single factor experiment, Box-Behnken experiment was designed. Color difference, rehydration ratio and β-carotene content were used to study the effects of initial temperature, drying temperature rise and slice thickness on carrot drying quality. The regression equation was established, and the interaction between three independent factors on the response was analyzed. The optimal drying process parameters and the predicted values of carrot heat pump drying were obtained. Finally, the optimal parameters were determined by comparing the experimental results with the predicted values.Results:The …

Research Progress On Nutrient Components And Application Of The Exported “Qinzhou Huang” Millet, Zhang Xin-Xin, Yang Yan-Qiang, Hua Jin, Wu Xi

Food and Machinery

In this review, the cultivation environment, research and development status, nutritional composition, health effect and application in food and medicine of Changzhi region characteristic export products“Qinzhou Huang”millet were summarized,and its development prospects, development and utilization were prospected.

The Adaptation Of Export-Scale Urban Farmers Amid The Covid-19 Pandemic In Bandung Metropolitan, Kinanti Indah Safitri, Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah, Budhi Gunawan, Parikesit -, Yusep Suparman, Akhmad Zainal Mubarak, Margareth Pardede

The Qualitative Report

These days, urban agriculture is more than a hobby. It has expanded into a local commercial business, even to an export scale. However, urban farmers who have commercialized their products must adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, which has impacted many aspects of global life. This research used a mixed-method approach. We collected quantitative data from 107 respondents on the household commercialization index, income level, and education level of export-scale-urban farmers in the Bandung metropolitan area, West Java, Indonesia. We also used qualitative data to determine how farmers were adapting to difficult situations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This information …

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter Newsletter, Issue #61 Fall Break 2022

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter: Newsletters

President’s Message

Award of Merit Recipients: Dr. Richard B. Ferguson & Dr. Janos Zempleni

Teaching Award Recipient: Dr. Renee McFee

Research Award Recipient: Dr. Patricio Grassini

Extension Award Recipient: Dr. Justin McMechan

Outstanding Graduate Student: Gabriela Inveninato Carmona

Outstanding Senior Award: Callie McCright

Outstanding Undergraduate Student: Elizabeth Karnopp

New Members Inducted

When Someone Tells You They’ve Received An Invitation to GSD Membership… How do you respond?

Gamma Sigma Delta Committees

In Memoriam: James Henry Williams Jr., 100; Howard Lyle Wiegers, 105; Terry J. Klopfenstein, 82; William (Bill) Robert Raun, 64; Don Joseph Kubik, 85; Mary Rosalind Morris, 101; Roy L. …

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2022

Louisiana Agriculture

LSU AgCenter researchers constantly search for ways to improve Louisiana agriculture by increasing yields and profitability. They also seek to understand new and less popular crops that could thrive in our region. Professor Yan Chen is helping develop the tea industry along the Gulf Coast, working closely with producers to understand how to grow tea (Camellia sinensis) in the region, and her work is featured in the latest issue of Louisiana Agriculture magazine. The magazine also includes a look into Grow Louisiana and Growing Farmers, two programs designed to help beginning farmers learn the business. Researchers from the …

Total Prevention: A History Of Schistosomiasis In Japan, Alexander Bay

History Faculty Articles and Research

In Japan, schistosomiasis was endemic in Yamanashi Prefecture and a few other hotspot areas where the Miya’iri snail lived. The parasite’s lifecycle relied on the intermediary Miya’iri snail as well as the human host. Parasite eggs passed into the agrarian environment through untreated night soil used as fertiliser or through the culture of open defecation in rural Japan. Manmade rice fields and irrigation ditches, night soil covered paddies and highly refined growing seasons put people in flooded rice paddies to intensively work the land in the spring and summer. The disease was equally dependent on human intervention in the natural …

Whole Farm Net Zero: Approaches To Quantification Of Climate Regulation Ecosystem Services At The Whole Farm Scale. Vermont Payment For Ecosystem Services Technical Report #7, Christopher Bonasia, Lindsey Ruhl, Benjamin Timothy Dube, Alissa C. White, Heather M. Darby

UVM Extension Faculty Publications

In this report, approaches to the quantification of climate mitigation ecosystem services at the whole farm scale are reviewed and summarized for easy comparison. Eight quantification tools, and three case studies demonstrating possible tool applications, are summarized to fulfill the requirements of the Technical Services Contract—Task 7. Information from a combination of literature review and expert interviews served to document the inputs, outputs, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for each quantification tool. This research was conducted in service to the Vermont Soil Health and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Working Group (VT PES working group). It is our hope that …

Increased Signal-To-Noise Ratios Within Experimental Field Trials By Regressing Spatially Distributed Soil Properties As Principal Components, Jeffrey C. Berry, Mingsheng Qi, Balasaheb V. Sonawane, Amy Sheflin, Asaph Cousins, Jessica Prenni, Daniel P. Schachtman, Peng Liu, Rebecca S. Bart

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Environmental variability poses a major challenge to any field study. Researchers attempt to mitigate this challenge through replication. Thus, the ability to detect experimental signals is deter-mined by the degree of replication and the amount of environmental variation, noise, within the experimental system. A major source of noise in field studies comes from the natural heterogeneity of soil properties which create microtreatments throughout the field. In addition, the variation within different soil properties is often nonrandomly distributed across a field. We explore this challenge through a sorghum field trial dataset with accompanying plant, microbiome, and soil property data. Diverse sorghum …

Soybean Management For Seed Composition: The Perspective Of U.S. Farmers, Andre F. Borja Reis, Luiz Rosso, Dan Davidson, Peter Kovacs, Larry C. Purcell, Frederick E. Below, Shaun Casteel, Hans J. Kandel, Seth Naeve, Sotirios V. Archontoulis, Ignacio A. Ciampitti

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] compositional quality is mainly provided by the seed concentration of protein and oil. These traits are critical for sustaining global use, and although there is demand for high protein soybean, no mechanism to differentiate production is in place. At the opposite end of the supply chain, farmers are remunerated on a mass basis without having any incentive regarding seed composition. This study evaluated farmers' perspectives and knowledge on soybean quality and their propensity to adopt quality improvement technologies. Farmers from the main U.S. producing regions (n = 271) were investigated with a …

Valuation Of Soil Health Ecosystem Services. Vermont Payment For Ecosystem Services Technical Research Report #5, Benjamin Timothy Dube, Alissa C. White, Taylor H. Ricketts, Heather M. Darby

UVM Extension Faculty Publications

In this report, we present estimates for ecosystem services from soil health using two approaches for four different services. One approach generates estimates based on soil-health practices, and the other approach is based on improvements in soil-health indicators. For soil- health practices, such as adopting best-management practices on annual corn, we utilize a set of off-the shelf empirical models widely used to estimate ecological functions on farm landscapes. For soil-health indicators, we make estimates by linking these tools with soil data and statistical models describing how soil-health parameters influence the interaction of soils with water and their environment. We provide …

The Casnr L.I.N.K.S. Newsletter: Learning Innovation Network For K-12 Schools, Edition 6, July 2022, Bailey Feit, Tammy Mittelstet

CASNR L.I.N.K.S. Newsletter

The purpose of this L.I.N.K.S. newsletter is to provide a monthly update of opportunities and resources for K-12 schools to connect with the University of Nebraska's CASNR Food, Energy, Water, and Societal Systems (FEWS²) programs and partners.

Included in this issue:

New editions and archived L.I.N.K.S. Newsletters coming soon

Eye on curriculum and resources

Teacher opportunities

Link to list of new partnerships

Ask an expert

Eye on CASNR research: Judy Wu-Smart

Send your students to campus

Success stories

Perceptions And Readiness Of Foodservice Establishments At The Onset Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In Metro Manila And Region Iv-A, Philippines, Von Ryan M. Ebron, Irma U. Danao, Marie Faye R. Nguyen- Orca, Anna Teresa O. Orillo, Joyce P. Parco

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

The study evaluated the perceptions and readiness of food business operators about COVID-19 through an online survey with respondents from Metro Manila and Region IV-A. Generally, they are knowledgeable about COVID-19 and its transmission, as reflected in their scores. The same is true about their attitude towards “new normal” practices. Years of operation, asset size, and continued operations and delivery services showed significant positive correlation with attitude scores. The resilience of some food business operators may be attributed to having more resources that enabled them to carry the added costs of what the new normal foodservice practices entailed. New normal …

Helping Utah Landowners Reduce Pesticide Use Through A Statewide Ipm Program, Nick Volesky, Mair Murray

Outcomes and Impact Quarterly

The Utah Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program provides outreach and education to Utahns to reduce pesticide use and ultimately protect human and environmental health. In 2022, the IPM program responded to stakeholders’ needs by partnering with county Extension offices to deliver eight (8) in-person workshops across the state. The workshops connected Extension specialists and county faculty with managers of home landscapes and farms. The objective of the workshops was to provide participants with IPM skills to identify, monitor, and manage pest problems in preparation for the upcoming growing season.

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Research Studies 2021, Victor Ford, Jason Kelley, Nathan Mckinney Ii

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2021 edition of the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Research Studies Series includes research results on topics pertaining to corn and grain sorghum production, including weed, disease, and insect management; economics; sustainability; irrigation; post-harvest drying; soil fertility; mycotoxins; cover crop management; and research verification program results. Our objective is to capture and broadly distribute the results of research projects funded by the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board. The intended audience includes producers and their advisors, current investigators, and future researchers. The Series serves as a citable archive of research results.

The Impact Of Steam-Flaked Rye Replacing Steam-Flaked Corn On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Yearling Steers And The Effect Of Exogenous Megasphaera Elsdenii Administration Techniques On Ruminal Fermentation And Blood Parameters In An Acidosis Challenge Model, Samantha K. Wagner

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A feedlot study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing steam-flaked corn (SFC) with steam-flaked rye (SFR) in the diets of yearling steers (Exp. 1). A separate study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three different administration techniques of Megasphaera elsdenii NCIMB 41125 on rumen fermentation and blood parameters in an acidosis challenge model (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, SFC was replaced with SFR to create four different treatments, each differing in the ratio of SFC:SFR. The four treatments were 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, and 100:0 SFR:SFC (as a percentage of the grain inclusion). Increasing inclusions of SFR resulted …

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2020, Leah English, Jennie S. Popp

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, leading to economic activity in other parts of the economy.

This report is the fifteenth in a series that examines agriculture’s economic contribution to the Arkansas economy. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, and induced effects) on value added, employment, and …

International Rice Outlook: International Rice Baseline Projections 2021–2031, A. Durand-Morat, S. Bairagi

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

The war in Ukraine and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are pushing input costs to record levels. Although rice prices have increased some in the last several months, production costs have increased more than proportionally, undermining rice profitability.

We project global rice production will surpass global rice consumption for most of the coming decade, with a small deficit developing by the end of the projected period.

The projected growth in production is almost exclusively due to productivity gains since the global rice area is projected to increase only marginally by 2029–2031.

The projected growth in global rice consumption …

Expression Of Atwri1 And Atdgat1 During Soybean Embryo Development Influences Oil And Carbohydrate Metabolism, Cintia Lucía Arias, Truyen Quach, Tu Huynh, Hanh Nguyen, Ademar Moretti, Yu Shi, Ming Guo, Amira Rasoul, Kyujung Van, Leah Mchale, Thomas E. Clemente, Ana Paula Alonso, Chi Zhang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean oil is one of the most consumed vegetable oils worldwide. Genetic improvement of its concentration in seeds has been historically pursued due to its direct association with its market value. Engineering attempts aiming to increase soybean seed oil presented different degrees of success that varied with the genetic design and the specific variety considered. Understanding the embryo’s responses to the genetic modifications introduced, is a critical step to successful approaches. In this work, the metabolic and transcriptional responses to AtWRI1 and AtDGAT1 expression in soybean seeds were evaluated. AtWRI1 is a master regulator of fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis, and …

Neuropilin-2 Regulates Androgen-Receptor Transcriptional Activity In Advanced Prostate Cancer, Samikshan Dutta, Navatha Shree Polavaram, Ridwan Islam, Sreyashi Bhattacharya, Sanika Bodas, Thomas Mayr, Sohini Roy, Sophie Alvarez, Marieta I. Toma, Anza Darehshouri, Angelika Borkowetz, Stefanie Conrad, Susanne Fuessel, Manfred Wirth, Gustavo B. Baretton, Paramita Ghosh, Kenneth J. Pienta, David L. Klinkebiel, Surinder K. Batra, Michael H. Muders, Kaustubh Datta

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Aberrant transcriptional activity of androgen receptor (AR) is one of the dominant mechanisms for developing of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Analyzing AR-transcriptional complex related to CRPC is therefore important towards understanding the mechanism of therapy-resistance. While studying its mechanism, we observed that a transmembrane protein called neuropilin-2 (NRP2) plays a contributory role in forming a novel AR-transcriptional complex containing nuclear pore proteins. Using immunogold electron microscopy, high-resolution confocal microscopy, chromatin immunoprecipitation, proteomics, and other biochemical techniques, we delineated the molecular mechanism of how a specific splice variant of NRP2 becomes sumoylated upon ligand stimulation and translocates to the inner nuclear …

Effect Of A Commonly Used Veterinary Antibiotic On Oxidative Stress And Root Transporters Of Edible Legumes And Leafy Crops, Safaa Nassar, Jamilah Borjac

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Antibiotic accumulation in soil and plants is a rising problem in agriculture creating a serious threat to living organisms in the environment, hence needing huge attention. To this end, glasshouse pot experiments were conducted to simulate contamination by veterinary antibiotic at 150 mg kg^-1 and 4800 mg kg^-1 in a virgin soil in which lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) and cress (Lepidium sativum L.) were grown, aiming at evaluating the potential toxicity of antibiotic in plants roots during their growth period. Biomarkers of toxicity such as malondialdehyde and proline …

Total Factor Productivity In Dairy Buffalo Milk Production In Nueva Ecija, Philippines, Zadieshar G. Sanchez, Antonio Jesus A. Quilloy, Nora Dm. Carambas, Mark Dondi M. Arboleda

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

This study analyzed the total factor productivity in dairy buffalo milk production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to identify the factors that affect dairy buffalo milk production and analyze technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and technological change as sources of TFP growth. Panel data was established by gathering data from randomly selected dairy buffalo milk producers in Nueva Ecija for the years 2017 and 2020. The stochastic frontier analysis was applied to a Cobb-Douglas production function with an inefficiency effects model. It was found that the statistically significant factors of milk production were cows, forage areas, and dairy feeds. …