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Influence Of Perinatal Exposure To A Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixture On Learning And Memory, Hippocampal Size, And Estrogen Receptor-Beta Expression, Howard Cromwell 2009 Bowling Green State University

Influence Of Perinatal Exposure To A Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixture On Learning And Memory, Hippocampal Size, And Estrogen Receptor-Beta Expression, Howard Cromwell

Howard Casey Cromwell

Abstract. Perinatal exposure to PCB has been reported to cause a variety of health effects including endocrine disruption, and immunologic, reproductive, neurologic, and behavioral deficits. In the present study, a mixture of two PCB congeners, one non-coplanar (PCB 47) and one coplanar (PCB 77), were administered to young female Sprague-Dawley rats by route of maternal dietary consumption (either 12.5 ppm or 25.0 ppm, w/w). Impact on learning and memory were examined by radial arm maze on postnatal day 24-27. After behavioral tests were completed, the rats were transcardially perfused, and brains were excised. Immunohistochemistry for ER- β was carried out …


Ans Binding Reveals Common Features Of Cytotoxic Amyloid Species, Benedetta Bolognesi, Janet Kumita, Teresa Barros, Elin Esbjorner, Leila Luheshi, Damian Crowther, Mark Wilson, Christopher Dobson, Giorgio Favrin, Justin Yerbury 2009 University of Cambridge

Ans Binding Reveals Common Features Of Cytotoxic Amyloid Species, Benedetta Bolognesi, Janet Kumita, Teresa Barros, Elin Esbjorner, Leila Luheshi, Damian Crowther, Mark Wilson, Christopher Dobson, Giorgio Favrin, Justin Yerbury

Mark R Wilson

Oligomeric assemblies formed from a variety of disease-associated peptides and proteins have been strongly associated with toxicity in many neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease. The precise nature of the toxic agents, however, remains still to be established. We show that prefibrillar aggregates of E22G (arctic) variant of the A beta(1-42) peptide bind strongly to 1-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate and that changes in this property correlate significantly with changes in its cytotoxicity. Moreover, we show that this phenomenon is common to other amyloid systems, such as wild-type A beta(1-42), the 159T variant of human lysozyme and an SH3 domain. These findings are …


The Evaluation Of Conservation Practice Placement In The Little River Experimental Watershed Using Geographic Information Systems, J Settimi, Dana Sullivan, Timothy Strickland 2009 Eastern Kentucky University

The Evaluation Of Conservation Practice Placement In The Little River Experimental Watershed Using Geographic Information Systems, J Settimi, Dana Sullivan, Timothy Strickland

John R. Settimi

The Conservation Effects Assessment Program Watershed Assessment Study is a joint effort between the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and the USDA Agricultural Research Service to evaluate the effectiveness of federally funded conservation programs. In response to this initiative, a 26-year history of NRCS conservation practice placement (1980 to 2006) was evaluated for the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW) in the southeastern coastal plain of Georgia. To accomplish this task, currently available geographic databases were integrated and queried to assess levels of commonly adopted practices and to evaluate factors affecting practice placement. Databases included (1) USDA NRCS Conservation Practice …


Dc Expressing Transgene Foxp3 Are Regulatory Apc, Michael Lipscomb 2009 Howard University

Dc Expressing Transgene Foxp3 Are Regulatory Apc, Michael Lipscomb

Michael Lipscomb

Tolerogenic DC and suppressive Foxp3(+) Treg play important roles in preventing autoimmunity and allograft rejection. We report that (adenovirus mediated) ectopic expression of Foxp3 in human DC (i.e. DC.Foxp3) yields an APC that severely limits T-cell proliferation and type-1 immune responses from the naïve, but not memory, pool of responder T cells in vitro. In marked contrast, the frequencies of type-2 and Treg responses were dramatically increased after stimulation of naïve T cells with DC.Foxp3 versus control DC. DC.Foxp3-induced CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells potently suppressed the proliferation of, and IFN-gamma production from, CD4(+) and CD8(+) responder T cells. Notably, the immunosuppressive …


Lifestyle, Anthropometric, And Obesity-Related Physiologic Determinants Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 In The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994).Pdf, Niyati Parekh, Calpurnyia B. Roberts, Maya Vadiveloo, Thanusha Puvananayagam, Jeanine Albu, Grace L. Lu-Yao 2009 University of Rhode Island

Lifestyle, Anthropometric, And Obesity-Related Physiologic Determinants Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 In The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994).Pdf, Niyati Parekh, Calpurnyia B. Roberts, Maya Vadiveloo, Thanusha Puvananayagam, Jeanine Albu, Grace L. Lu-Yao

Maya Vadiveloo

PURPOSE: Epidemiologic studies suggest that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated with obesity and, more recently, cancer. This study investigates multiple lifestyle, physiologic, and anthropometric determinants of circulating IGF-1 concentrations.
METHODS: Nationally representative data were used from the cross-sectional Third National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES III, 1988–1994) survey, which measured IGF-1 concentrations in blood, from a subsample of participants who were examined in the morning. After exclusion of persons with missing data, 6,058 men and women 20 years of age or older were included in the study.
RESULTS: The mean IGF-1 concentrations were 260 ng/mL in …


The Intellectual Property Landscape For Ips Cells, Robin C. Feldman 2009 University of California, Hastings

The Intellectual Property Landscape For Ips Cells, Robin C. Feldman

Robin C Feldman

Beginning in 2006, induced pluripotent stem cells have raised the tantalizing possibility that stem cell research could move forward without the significant moral and ethical dilemmas that have paralyzed the field. These cells, known as iPS cells, originate from adult somatic cells, but function in a manner that is almost equivalent to embryonic stem cells. If iPS cell research lives up to its promise, stem cell research, diagnostics, and treatment could be accomplished without destroying or in any way interfering with human embryos or their development.

While we may be entering a historic moment in stem cell research, we are …


Nomenclatural Changes For Some Grasses In California And The Muhlenbergia Clade (Poaceae), James Payne Smith Jr. 2009 Humboldt State University

Nomenclatural Changes For Some Grasses In California And The Muhlenbergia Clade (Poaceae), James Payne Smith Jr.

James Payne Smith

No abstract provided.


Contributions Of Francisella Tularensis Subsp. Novicida Chitinases And Sec Secretion System To Biofilm Formation On Chitin, Jeffrey J. Margolis, Sahar H. El-Etr, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Emily Moore, Richard Robinson, Amy Rasley, Alfred M. Spormann, Denise M. Monack 2009 Stanford University School of Medicine

Contributions Of Francisella Tularensis Subsp. Novicida Chitinases And Sec Secretion System To Biofilm Formation On Chitin, Jeffrey J. Margolis, Sahar H. El-Etr, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Emily Moore, Richard Robinson, Amy Rasley, Alfred M. Spormann, Denise M. Monack

Jeffrey Margolis

Francisella tularensis, the zoonotic cause of tularemia, can infect numerous mammals and other eukaryotes.
Although studying F. tularensis pathogenesis is essential to comprehending disease, mammalian infection is
just one step in the ecology of Francisella species. F. tularensis has been isolated from aquatic environments and
arthropod vectors, environments in which chitin could serve as a potential carbon source and as a surface for
attachment and growth. We show that F. tularensis subsp. novicida forms biofilms during the colonization of
chitin surfaces. The ability of F. tularensis to persist using chitin as a sole carbon source is dependent on
chitinases, …


Ganaxolone Suppression Of Behavioral And Electrographic Seizures In The Mouse Amygdala Kindling Model, Doodipala S. Reddy, Michael A. Rogawski 2009 University of California - Davis

Ganaxolone Suppression Of Behavioral And Electrographic Seizures In The Mouse Amygdala Kindling Model, Doodipala S. Reddy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Ganaxolone (3alpha-hydroxy-3alpha-methyl-5alpha-pregnan-20-one), a synthetic analog of the endogenous neurosteroid allopregnanolone and a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, may represent a new treatment approach for epilepsy. Here we demonstrate that pretreatment with ganaxolone (1.25—20 mg/kg, s.c.) causes a dose-dependent suppression of behavioral and electrographic seizures in fully amygdala-kindled female mice, with nearly complete seizure protection at the highest dose tested. The ED50 for suppression of behavioral seizures was 6.6 mg/kg. The seizure suppression produced by ganaxolone was comparable to that of clonazepam (ED50, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.). To the extent that amygdala kindling represents a model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, …


Indigenous Ectosymbiotic Bacteria Associated With Diverse Hydrothermal Vent Invertebrates, Shana K. Goffredi 2009 Occidental College

Indigenous Ectosymbiotic Bacteria Associated With Diverse Hydrothermal Vent Invertebrates, Shana K. Goffredi

Shana Goffredi

Symbioses involving bacteria and invertebrates contribute to the biological diversity and high productivity of both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Well-known examples from chemosynthetic deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments involve ectosymbiotic microbes associated with the external surfaces of marine invertebrates. Some of these ectosymbioses confer protection or defence from predators or the environment itself, some are nutritional in nature, and many still are of unknown function. Several recently discovered hydrothermal vent invertebrates, including two populations of yeti crab (Kiwa spp.), a limpet (Symmetromphalus aff. hageni), and the scaly-foot snail (as yet undescribed), support a consortium of diverse bacteria. Comparisons of these ectosymbioses …


Dispersal Of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Developmental Sites., David B. Taylor, Roger D. Moon, John B. Campbell, Dennis R. Berkebile, Philip J. Scholl, Alberto B. Broce, Jerome A. Hogsette 2009 University of Minnesota - Twin Cities

Dispersal Of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Developmental Sites., David B. Taylor, Roger D. Moon, John B. Campbell, Dennis R. Berkebile, Philip J. Scholl, Alberto B. Broce, Jerome A. Hogsette

David B. Taylor

Seven mark-recapture studies were conducted over 3 yr to assess dispersal of newly emerging adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L., from larval development sites in a mixed agricultural environment in northeastern Nebraska. Infested hay debris piles were marked by dusting their surfaces with fluorescent pigments, adults were captured with surrounding grids of Alsynite sticky traps, and specimens were dissected to determine feeding histories and reproductive age. Distances and directions of 3,889 marked specimens indicated males and females dispersed equally and in all directions. Midguts of males and females were equally likely to contain blood-meal remnants. Percentage with blood remnants and …


Criterion Iv: Social And Economic Indicators Of Rangeland Sustainability, Mark W. Brunson, Daniel W. McCollum, Louis E. Swanson, John A. Tanaka, Aaron J. Harp, L. Allen Torell, H. Theodore Heintz Jr. 2009 Utah State University

Criterion Iv: Social And Economic Indicators Of Rangeland Sustainability, Mark W. Brunson, Daniel W. Mccollum, Louis E. Swanson, John A. Tanaka, Aaron J. Harp, L. Allen Torell, H. Theodore Heintz Jr.

John A Tanaka

Social and economic systems provide the context and rationale for rangeland management. Sustaining rangeland ecosystems requires attention to the social and economic conditions that accompany the functioning of those systems. We present and discuss economic and social indicators for rangeland sustainability. A brief conceptual basis for each indicator is offered, describing its potential relationship to rangelands.


3hsds1和17hsds7基因5'上游区转录活性研究.Pdf, Xinxing Dong, Yi Xin, Ying Bai, Yunzhou Yang, Jibin Zhang, Meiying Fang, Gang Chen 2009 China Agricultural University

3hsds1和17hsds7基因5'上游区转录活性研究.Pdf, Xinxing Dong, Yi Xin, Ying Bai, Yunzhou Yang, Jibin Zhang, Meiying Fang, Gang Chen

Jibin Zhang

3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs) and 17βHSDs are pivotal enzymes involved in synthesis, activation and deactivation of steroid hormones. Therefore, they play an important role to maintain homeostasis of hormone and regulate the synthesis and metabolism of hormones, and they are also related to metabolism of androstenone which can cause boar taint in male pigs. Through ligation of different PCR fragments of these genes from Large White pigs to pGL3-basic plasmid and subsequent transient transfection of constructed vectors into HepG2 cell culture, we found that the fragment from -1038bp to 45bp in porcine 3βHSD gene and the fragment from -966bp to 39bp …


Functional Organization Of A Neural Network For Aversive Olfactory Learning In Caenorhabditis Elegans, H Ha, M Hendricks, Y Shen, C V. Gabel, Christopher Fang-Yen, Y Qin, D Colon-Ramos, K Shen, A D.T. Samuel 2009 Harvard University

Functional Organization Of A Neural Network For Aversive Olfactory Learning In Caenorhabditis Elegans, H Ha, M Hendricks, Y Shen, C V. Gabel, Christopher Fang-Yen, Y Qin, D Colon-Ramos, K Shen, A D.T. Samuel

Christopher Fang-Yen

No abstract provided.


Toward Genuine Rodent Welfare: Response To Reviewer Comments, Jonathan P. Balcombe 2009 Humane Society Institute for Science and Policy

Toward Genuine Rodent Welfare: Response To Reviewer Comments, Jonathan P. Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Interference With Histidyl-Trna Synthetase By A Crispr Spacer Sequence As A Factor In The Evolution Of Pelobacter Carbinolicus, Derek Lovley, Muktak Aklujkar 2009 University of Massachusetts - Amherst

Interference With Histidyl-Trna Synthetase By A Crispr Spacer Sequence As A Factor In The Evolution Of Pelobacter Carbinolicus, Derek Lovley, Muktak Aklujkar

Muktak Aklujkar

BACKGROUND: Pelobacter carbinolicus, a bacterium of the family Geobacteraceae, cannot reduce Fe(III) directly or produce electricity like its relatives. How P. carbinolicus evolved is an intriguing problem. The genome of P. carbinolicus contains clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) separated by unique spacer sequences, which recent studies have shown to produce RNA molecules that interfere with genes containing identical sequences. RESULTS: CRISPR spacer #1, which matches a sequence within hisS, the histidyl-tRNA synthetase gene of P. carbinolicus, was shown to be expressed. Phylogenetic analysis and genetics demonstrated that a gene paralogous to hisS in the genomes of Geobacteraceae is …


Synthetic Genome: Now That We’Re Creators, What Should We Create?, Frederick M. Cohan 2009 Wesleyan University

Synthetic Genome: Now That We’Re Creators, What Should We Create?, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.


The Ecology Of Speciation In Bacillus, Nora Connor, Johannes Sikorski, Alejandro P. Rooney, Sarah Kopac, Alexander F. Koeppel, Andrew Burger, Scott G. Cole, Elizabeth B. Perry, Danny Krizanc, Nicholas C. Field, Michele Slaton, Frederick M. Cohan 2009 Wesleyan University

The Ecology Of Speciation In Bacillus, Nora Connor, Johannes Sikorski, Alejandro P. Rooney, Sarah Kopac, Alexander F. Koeppel, Andrew Burger, Scott G. Cole, Elizabeth B. Perry, Danny Krizanc, Nicholas C. Field, Michele Slaton, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.


The Genome Of Geobacter Bemidjiensis, Exemplar For The Subsurface Clade Of Geobacter Species That Predominate In Fe(Iii)-Reducing Subsurface Enviorments, Derek Lovley, Muktak Aklujkar, Nealson D. Young, Dawn Holmes, Milind Chavan, Carla Risso, Hajnalka E. Kiss, Cliff S. Han, Miriam L. Land 2009 University of Massachusetts - Amherst

The Genome Of Geobacter Bemidjiensis, Exemplar For The Subsurface Clade Of Geobacter Species That Predominate In Fe(Iii)-Reducing Subsurface Enviorments, Derek Lovley, Muktak Aklujkar, Nealson D. Young, Dawn Holmes, Milind Chavan, Carla Risso, Hajnalka E. Kiss, Cliff S. Han, Miriam L. Land

Carla Risso

BACKGROUND: Geobacter species in a phylogenetic cluster known as subsurface clade 1 are often the predominant microorganisms in subsurface environments in which Fe(III) reduction is the primary electron-accepting process. Geobacter bemidjiensis, a member of this clade, was isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated subsurface sediments in Bemidji, Minnesota, and is closely related to Geobacter species found to be abundant at other subsurface sites. This study examines whether there are significant differences in the metabolism and physiology of G. bemidjiensis compared to non-subsurface Geobacter species. RESULTS: Annotation of the genome sequence of G. bemidjiensis indicates several differences in metabolism compared to previously sequenced non-subsurface …


Cortical Underconnectivity Coupled With Preserved Visuospatial Cognition In Autism: Evidence From An Fmri Study Of An Embedded Figures Task, Saudamini Damarla, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Diane L. Williams, Nancy J. Minshew, Marcel Adam Just 2009 Carnegie Mellon University

Cortical Underconnectivity Coupled With Preserved Visuospatial Cognition In Autism: Evidence From An Fmri Study Of An Embedded Figures Task, Saudamini Damarla, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Diane L. Williams, Nancy J. Minshew, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


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