Interspecific Variation In Palatability Suggests Cospecialization Of Antipredator Defenses In Sea Hares,
2010
Chapman University
Interspecific Variation In Palatability Suggests Cospecialization Of Antipredator Defenses In Sea Hares, Kimberly K. Takagi, Nadia N. Ono, William G. Wright
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Prey species often deploy different kinds of antipredator defenses, which can interact with each other in ways that are not yet completely understood. Much research into these interactions has utilized gastropod mollusks, usually focusing (in part) on the protective utility of the gastropod shell. This makes the evolutionary reduction of the shell in the opisthobranch gastropods (marine slugs) particularly interesting. This loss of protective function of the shell is associated with the evolution of alternative defenses. Particularly well studied are chemical defenses, especially those using secondary metabolites derived from food resources. As a first step toward understanding interspecific variation in …
Movement Patterns And Population Genetics Of The American Horseshoe Crab In Relation To Long Island Sound Conservation Strategies,
2010
Sacred Heart University
Movement Patterns And Population Genetics Of The American Horseshoe Crab In Relation To Long Island Sound Conservation Strategies, Jo-Marie Kasinak, Kirk A. Bartholomew, Mark Beekey, Jennifer Mattei
Biology Faculty Publications
The Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CTDEP) established three no-harvest zones for the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) population as part of a conservation plan for the species. Data from a long-term mark/recapture study of horseshoe crabs in conjunction with a microsatellite-based genetic survey of the population were analyzed to determine if this plan was appropriate to conserve genetic diversity and broaden our knowledge of movement patterns of Limulus in Long Island Sound (LIS). To date, ~53,000 crabs have been tagged over a 10 year period through the Project Limulus program with an annual average recapture rate of 12 …
Habitat Complexity And Habitat Function Of Native (Crassostrea Virginica) And Non-Native (C. Ariakensis) Oysters In The Chesapeake Bay Region,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Habitat Complexity And Habitat Function Of Native (Crassostrea Virginica) And Non-Native (C. Ariakensis) Oysters In The Chesapeake Bay Region, Heather D. Harwell
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Complex oyster reefs created by the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, though once prominent features of the Chesapeake Bay region, have become relatively scarce in comparison to historic descriptions. This decline, caused by a combination of overfishing, disease, habitat destruction and pollution, this decline continues despite substantial restoration efforts that have spanned decades. In response to this decline, the states of Virginia and Maryland considered the intentional introduction of the non-native Suminoe oyster, C. ariakensis. Previous studies questioned the reef-building capability of this Crassostrea species, which may affect its habitat function. Through a combination of field and mesocosm studies, I examined …
Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 2009,
2010
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 2009, John A. Lucy, Lewis Gillingham
Reports
Through 2009, the Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program has maintained a 15-year database for tagged and recaptured fish. The program is a cooperative project of the Virginia Saltwater Fishing Tournament (under the Virginia Marine Resources Commission/VMRC) and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) of the College of William and Mary (under VIMS Sea Grant Marine Extension Program).
Photobiological Studies Of Ross Sea Phytoplankton,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Photobiological Studies Of Ross Sea Phytoplankton, Sasha Tozzi
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The Ross Sea polynya is characterized by high spatial and temporal variability and by an annual cycle of sea ice retreat, water column stratification, large phytoplankton blooms, and months of complete darkness. This region is also highly susceptible to increasingly changing climatic conditions that will significantly affect the hydrography, iron supply, primary production patterns and carbon cycling. This project focused on analyzing how differences in photosynthetic traits between the two major bloom-forming functional groups in the polynya, diatoms and the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica, and investigate if these differences can explain their dominance and succession. The study was conducted as part …
The Role Of Copepods And Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates In The Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The Role Of Copepods And Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates In The Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients, Grace Kathleen Saba
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Zooplankton play a key role in the cycling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients. The factors that affect these processes, however, are not fully understood. I measured the effects of various diets on DOM and inorganic nutrient production by the copepod Acartia tonsa and the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and explored the mechanisms of nutrient release from copepods. Copepods feeding on a mixed diet, the preferred diet of most copepods, had significantly lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium (NH4+), and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) release rates compared to feeding on a carnivorous or herbivorous diet. Thus, copepod feeding …
The Life History Of Longnose Gar, Lepisosteus Osseus, An Apex Predator In The Tidal Waters Of Virginia,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The Life History Of Longnose Gar, Lepisosteus Osseus, An Apex Predator In The Tidal Waters Of Virginia, Patrick E. Mcgrath
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) inhabit all of the major tributaries of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia, extending from fresh to estuarine waters. Literature concerning longnose gar from tidal environments is limited and this is study concerns important aspects of the life history (e.g., growth, reproduction, dimorphism, movements, and diet). Age, growth, and reproduction are important life history aspects for understanding the biology of fishes and may be affected by the environment in which an individual lives. This study found no differences in the age, growth, and fecundity parameters between longnose gar from tidal portions of Chesapeake Bay tributaries and previous studies …
Quantifying The Ecosystem Role Of A Suspension And A Facultative Deposit Feeding Bivalve In The New River Estuary, Nc: With Responses To Changes In Nutrient And Sediment Inputs,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Quantifying The Ecosystem Role Of A Suspension And A Facultative Deposit Feeding Bivalve In The New River Estuary, Nc: With Responses To Changes In Nutrient And Sediment Inputs, Heather Marie Wiseman
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Migration Dynamics, Within-Estuary Behaviors And Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Summer Flounder To Selected Estuarine Conditions,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Migration Dynamics, Within-Estuary Behaviors And Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Summer Flounder To Selected Estuarine Conditions, Karen M. Capossela
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
A comprehensive understanding of migration dynamics, within-estuary behaviors and physiological tolerances of fish is needed to assess and predict future responses of fish to environmental disturbance and to protect habitat necessary for growth and survival. This study adds to current knowledge of summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) responses to environmental conditions by (1) examining migration and within-estuarine behaviors of adult summer flounder and (2) establishing summer flounder metabolic requirements and cardiorespiratory responses to variations in hypoxia and temperature. To elucidate use of a southern mid-Atlantic Bight estuary by adult summer flounder, the movements of 45 fish were monitored using acoustic telemetry …
Habitat Utilization And Dive Characterization Of Blue Marlin (Makaira Nigricans) And White Marlin (Kajikia Albida) In The Western Atlantic Ocean,
2010
College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Habitat Utilization And Dive Characterization Of Blue Marlin (Makaira Nigricans) And White Marlin (Kajikia Albida) In The Western Atlantic Ocean, Daniel J. Dutton
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Blue marlin Makaira nigricans and white marlin Kajikia albida (formerly Tetrapturus albidus) are overfished in the Atlantic Ocean, with the vast majority of fishing mortality resulting from the pelagic longline fishery that targets tunas (Thunnus spp.) and swordfish Xiphias gladius. Time series of catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data have been fundamental to assessments of blue marlin and white marlin stocks, but these time series have been affected by a shift over time in pelagic longline fishing practices from shallow to deeper sets. One method for adjusting CPUE data for changes in fishing practices is a habitat-based standardization that modifies fishing effort in …
Standardized Catch Rates Of Sandbar Sharks And Dusky Sharks In The Vims Longline Survey: 1975-2009,
2010
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Standardized Catch Rates Of Sandbar Sharks And Dusky Sharks In The Vims Longline Survey: 1975-2009, Jason G. Romine, Kristene T. Parsons, R. Dean Grubbs, John A. Musick, Tracey Sutton
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports
The Virginia Institute of Marine Science has conducted a fishery-independent longline survey during summer months since 1974. Data for sandbar sharks and dusky sharks captured in the survey between 1975 and 2009 are presented. Most of the sandbar sharks encountered by the survey were immature, with females composing almost all of the mature sandbar catch. Almost all dusky sharks captured were immature. Most of the catch since the early 1990’s has been composed of 0-4 year age classes. Nominal and standardized catch rates are presented. CPUE for both species decreased from the early 1980’s to minima in 1992. CPUE then …
Sailfish (Istiophorus Platypterus) Habitat Utilization In The Southern Gulf Of Mexico And Florida Straits With Implications On Vulnerability To Shallow-Set Pelagic Longline Gear,
2010
Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center
Sailfish (Istiophorus Platypterus) Habitat Utilization In The Southern Gulf Of Mexico And Florida Straits With Implications On Vulnerability To Shallow-Set Pelagic Longline Gear, David W. Kerstetter, Shannon Michael Bayse, John E. Graves
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports
A total of 19 pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) were deployed on sailfish in the southern Gulf of Mexico between 2005 and 2007 aboard a commercial pelagic longline vessel (n = 18) and a recreational rod-and-reel vessel (n = 1). All PSATs were programmed to collect pressure (depth), temperature, and light-level data for 10 days at approximately 90-second intervals. These point-level data were not summarized prior to transmission, allowing the reconstruction of vertical movement patterns. Three tags suggested mortality events and were excluded from subsequent analyses. We present the preliminary data analyses from the remaining 16 PSATs. Sailfish are primarily …
Marine Resources Of The Falklands' Shallow Marine Environment,
2010
Shallow Marine Surveys Group
Marine Resources Of The Falklands' Shallow Marine Environment, Karen L. Neely, Paul Brickle, Vladimir Laptikhovsky
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports
No abstract provided.
Year 15 Work Plan,
2010
University of New Hampshire
A Citizen's Guide To Protecting East Kingston's Water Resources,
2010
Rockingham Planning Commission
A Citizen's Guide To Protecting East Kingston's Water Resources, Julie Labranche
PREP Reports & Publications
East Kingston is fortunate to still have much of the rural charm that makes living in New Hampshire so special. The ability to take relaxing walks through beautiful natural areas just minutes from your back door is one of the reasons residents love this town. Many of these open natural areas in town are on conservation land and one small parcel is getting extra attention by the East Kingston Conservation Commission to make it even more accessible to residents.
Endohelminths Of A Snake Mackerel, Gempylus Serpens (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), From The Gulf Of Mexico,
2010
Gordon College
Endohelminths Of A Snake Mackerel, Gempylus Serpens (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), From The Gulf Of Mexico, Charles K. Blend, Norman O. Dronen, James S. Franks, George W. Benz
Gulf and Caribbean Research
Endohelminths are reported from a female snake mackerel, Gempylus serpens (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), captured from a depth of 61 m in the Gulf of Mexico 140 km south of the mouth of Mobile Bay, AL, in August 1998. A diverse endohelminth parasite fauna was found: 29 plerocercoid type I tetraphyllideans from the lower intestine; 4 didymozoid metacercariae allocated to the collective group Monilicaecum and one didymozoid metacercaria of the collective group Torticaecum from the pyloric cecum; one juvenile Gonocerca phycidis from the stomach; and 5 larvae (L3 stage) comprising 3 species of Anisakis from the pyloric cecum. These nematodes were identified …
Effects Of Hurricane Katrina On An Incipient Population Of Giant Salvinia Salvinia Molesta In The Lower Pascagoula River, Mississippi,
2010
U.S. Geological Survey
Effects Of Hurricane Katrina On An Incipient Population Of Giant Salvinia Salvinia Molesta In The Lower Pascagoula River, Mississippi, Pam L. Fuller, Mike G. Pursley, Dale Diaz, Wesley Devers
Gulf and Caribbean Research
The objectives of this study were to: 1) survey the lower Pascagoula River Basin and determine the post–storm distribution and abundance of giant salvinia; 2) control any remaining giant salvinia through physical and/or chemical means; 3) determine the fate of the bio–control agents; and 4) determine if re–introduction of salvinia weevils is needed and if so, to decide where best to release them.
First Report Of Viral Pathogens Wssv And Ihhnv In Argentine Crustaceans,
2010
Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores
First Report Of Viral Pathogens Wssv And Ihhnv In Argentine Crustaceans, Sergio R. Martorelli, Robin M. Overstreet, Jean A. Jovonovich
Faculty Publications
The pathogenic penaeid shrimp viruses white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) are reported for the first time from Argentina. They both occurred in wild crustaceans in Bahia Blanca Estuary, with WSSV detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods as infecting samples as high as 56% of the penaeid Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888, 67% of the grapsoid Cyrtograpsus angulatus Dana, 1851, and 40% of the introduced palaemonid Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902. The highest detected copy number was 39,600 copies/mu g DNA. IHHNV was tested for using PCR in …
State Of The River Report For The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, And Contaminants 2010,
2010
University of North Florida
State Of The River Report For The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, And Contaminants 2010, Environmental Protection Board, City Of Jacksonville, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University
State of the River Report
No abstract provided.
Shearwater Foraging In The Southern Ocean: The Roles Of Prey Availability And Winds,
2010
Australian Antarctic Division,
Shearwater Foraging In The Southern Ocean: The Roles Of Prey Availability And Winds, B Raymond, Scott A. Shaffer, S Sokolov, E Woehler, D P. Costa, L Einoder, M Hindell, G Hosie, M Pinkerton, P M. Sagar, D Scott, A Smith, D R. Thompson, C Vertigan, H Weimerskirch
Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences
Background Sooty (Puffinus griseus) and short-tailed (P. tenuirostris) shearwaters are abundant seabirds that range widely across global oceans. Understanding the foraging ecology of these species in the Southern Ocean is important for monitoring and ecosystem conservation and management. Methodology/Principal Findings Tracking data from sooty and short-tailed shearwaters from three regions of New Zealand and Australia were combined with at-sea observations of shearwaters in the Southern Ocean, physical oceanography, near-surface copepod distributions, pelagic trawl data, and synoptic near-surface winds. Shearwaters from all three regions foraged in the Polar Front zone, and showed particular overlap in the region around 140°E. Short-tailed shearwaters …
