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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies
Developing A Community Of Practice For Trainers: Towards A Culture Of Conscience In Clinical Research, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Developing A Community Of Practice For Trainers: Towards A Culture Of Conscience In Clinical Research, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
This developmental research study concerned how trainers, drawn mainly from the commercial (pharmaceutical) sector of the field of clinical research, shared understandings of practice in a professionally localised community, as part of their continuing professional development. Trainers in this community had a heterogeneous range of identities including full-time and part-time trainers: clinical research trainers, training managers; clinical research managers, clinical research associates, compliance managers, auditors and others. The main aim was to explain conditions shaping this community and its concept of practice. The study involved observing practice from an interlocutory position, using Cultural- Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), to reveal the …
Phd Abstract, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Phd Abstract, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
This developmental research study concerned how trainers, drawn mainly from the commercial (pharmaceutical) sector of the field of clinical research, shared understandings of practice in a professionally localised community, as part of their continuing professional development. Trainers in this community had a heterogeneous range of identities including full-time and part-time trainers: clinical research trainers, training managers; clinical research managers, clinical research associates, compliance managers, auditors and others. The main aim was to explain conditions shaping this community and its concept of practice using Cultural-Historical-Activity-Theory.
Thesis Chapter 5, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 5, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
The focus of this study was on a community of trainers (Trainers’ Forum) spanning a field of practice rather than any individual organisation. The aim was to explore “what goes on around here” and to clarify how and why things happened the way they did in the community through theoretical and empirical study. Focussing on the Training Forum (TF) enabled detailed examination of the activity system of trainers, and of the extent to which it made progress towards becoming a Community of Practice. Therefore, the setting for the study was within the public spaces of this putative or emergent Community …
Thesis Chapter 3, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 3, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
The overlaps between philosophical, sociological and educational perspectives on the concept and meaning of practice were highlighted in the previous chapter. Based on these perspectives, for the purposes of this study, practice is characterised as a complex activity defined by its standards of excellence that lead to the attainment of goods inherent to the practice, and constituted by the cognitive and co-operative tasks involved in the activity. The conceptual model of practice derived from these perspectives is shown in Figure 3-1, at the end of the chapter. Characterising practice as complex activity allows it to be deconstructed within an analytical …
Thesis Chapter 6, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 6, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
A developmental research approach was adopted to study the activity system of the Trainers’ Forum (TF). Engeström’s activity system model was used within a CHAT framework, to analyse the embodiment of the concept of practice, in the activity of sharing and discussing the practice of clinical research training. The research was conducted in three distinct phases as shown in Table 5-3 (Analyses Plan) at the end of Chapter 5 (Research design). Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to gather data, which included: participant observation; questionnaires and interviews. Because the study concerned a community of trainers and its practices, data sources …
Thesis Chapter 1, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 1, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
This research is a study of trainers, drawn mainly from the commercial sector of the field of clinical research, journeying towards becoming a community of practice (CoP). The focus of the study is the concept of practice among this community, formed within the professional body of the Institute of Clinical Research (ICR). Its scope is limited to discussing emergent features of the community, known as the Trainers Forum (TF), in terms of the ‘ecology’ of the commercial sector.
Thesis Chapter 7, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 7, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
Viewing activity from the perspective of respective actors in the system of activity enables a comprehensive picture to be built of the systematic elements involved. In addition, according to Lave and Wenger (op.cit.), the identity of members in terms of who they are, and what they do, is bound up with the activity or practice that defines them as a community. Consequently, describing who the subjects are within the system of activity, and the tensions between them, provides an insight into the social structure of the activity system in terms of the features of their shared practice, such as: a …
Thesis Chapter 10, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 10, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
In this chapter, the purpose, research questions and hypotheses of the thesis are revisited in the process of drawing conclusions. In addition, a critique of the methodology used in this research is offered to assess the contribution to knowledge. The overall aims of this research study were: to explain the conditions creating and sustaining a professional community of trainers and its concept of training practice against a backdrop of increasing regulation; and, to understand the effects of compliance culture on the sharing of practice and development of shared understandings in this community. The pertinent questions posed in line with these …
Thesis Chapter 2, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 2, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: THE CONCEPT OF PRACTICE Academic literature specifically ascertaining what constitutes best training practice concerning fellow trainers in the pharmaceutical industry is sparse. Moreover, literature within the field of clinical research about practices that constitute the training process is generally lacking. This gap in the academic literature provides a basic rationale for research in this field of practice. Meanwhile, the concept and meaning of practice is well established from five theoretical perspectives, outlined as follows:- MacIntyre’s (1985) concepts of standards (of excellence) within a practice that depend on the relationship between its internal and external goods Giddens (1984) structuration …
Thesis Chapter 9, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 9, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
The community constituting the Forum, the division of labour within it, and the rules affecting its activity and individual chains of actions were described and analysed in the previous chapter. Analyses revealed that trainers replicated the circumstances that they endured in their workplace through the predominance of a time-bound, content driven agenda, driven by a compliance culture that can be traced to the workplace, where it operated as a rule. In turn, this rule was traced to another neighbouring activity system, the regulatory environment, where compliance culture is used as a tool to enforce adherence to GCP standards (L1TO2d). In …
Thesis Chapter 8, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 8, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
The Trainers’ Forum is viewed as an activity system (AS) in its entirety through considering the continuous patterns of activity within sessions of Forum meetings. However, in order to proceed with analyses at the level of the declarative, procedural and social interactions/discourses that Engeström suggests are necessary for actual-empirical analyses, the community, its rules and division of labour are foregrounded. The object of activity can then be analysed subsequently in light of the conceptual models that have emerged in the Forum. Findings concerning the object of activity are therefore presented last in Chapter 9, in order to conclude discussion of …
Thesis Appendices, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Appendices, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
No abstract provided.
Thesis Bibliography, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Bibliography, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
No abstract provided.
Thesis Chapter 4, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Thesis Chapter 4, Marie Mckenzie Mills
Marie McKenzie Mills PhD, CSci
In this chapter, I describe the methodology used to answer my research questions. The ontological features of the object of research in this study are characterised in section 4.1.1. My methodological framework is presented in Table 4-1, showing the approach, methods and tools used to explore concepts at different stages in this research. My research approach is described in sections 4.2 and 4.3, which includes discussion of methodological issues related to data gathering and analysis, and encompasses problems and limitations. Study Design is explained in Chapter 5, followed by a description of the methods used to gather and analyse data …