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Articles 1 - 30 of 79
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
An Investigation In To Resume Construction And Hiring Decisions: Perceptions Of Black Womens Natural Hair, Cassandra Kroon
An Investigation In To Resume Construction And Hiring Decisions: Perceptions Of Black Womens Natural Hair, Cassandra Kroon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This research examined how black women's natural hair was perceived in a professional setting. Expectancy violation theory (EVT) suggests that people create patterns of communication but that these patterns can be disrupted when a person violates the established expectations. The theory was applied to perceptions of black women's natural hair in a professional setting. An experimental survey was used to assess whether participants viewed natural hair in the workplace as a positive or negative expectancy violation. Participants were asked to view a resume and complete Likert-type scale items to evaluate the resume. The items measured the candidate's professionalism, likeability, attractiveness …
Marijuana Use Among Adults In The United States: Comparing Correlates Of Use, Assessing Impact Of Education, And Evaluating Use And Health Amid Justice-Involved Populations, Corey Pomykacz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in state-level policies (i.e., decriminalization, medicalization, legalization) in the U.S. regarding marijuana use. Prior research has found a relationship between marijuana policies and decreased perceived risk as well as increased prevalence of use. In light of these historical shifts, the public health implications of marijuana use deserve increased attention by researchers so that we can discern patterns of use, evaluate risk, and inform intervention. This dissertation has three aims: (1) investigate how correlates of use prevalence versus use frequency vary; (2) offer a theoretical explanation as to why more education …
Pixelated Scapegoat: False Connections Between Video Games And Violent Crime In America's Largest Cities, Matthew Segal
Pixelated Scapegoat: False Connections Between Video Games And Violent Crime In America's Largest Cities, Matthew Segal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
For too many years, the public perception of violent crime has been viewed through the warped lens of media representations and reporting of mass killings, the likes of Columbine, Sandy Hook, and Parkland, while ignoring the body counts that rack up year after year in America's own cities. Many pundits and politicians declare cultural decay and glorification of violence in video games as the main reason for mass shootings. However, these same voices fail to take the explanation any further to explain the eruptions of violence that rack up thousands of lives a year in large metropolitan areas. The question …
Social Connectedness And College Student Alcohol Use: Understanding The Role Of Alcohol Expectancies, Social Anxiety, And Need To Belong, Mark Crisafulli
Social Connectedness And College Student Alcohol Use: Understanding The Role Of Alcohol Expectancies, Social Anxiety, And Need To Belong, Mark Crisafulli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Despite recent decreases in college alcohol use, alcohol related harms continue to occur at high rates and currently available interventions do not work as well as previously thought. Research has found sociability expectancies to be particularly important in predicting risky alcohol use, and expectancy challenge programs that target these expectancies can be effective in reducing heavy drinking. Little is known, however, about how other social variables might contribute to the influence of expectancies in promoting alcohol use. The current study used structural equation modeling to test models of alcohol use examining how need to belong and social connectedness fit into …
Rethinking Burnout In Informal Caregivers: Development And Validation Of The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory - 10 Item Form, Nicholas James
Rethinking Burnout In Informal Caregivers: Development And Validation Of The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory - 10 Item Form, Nicholas James
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Measurement of informal caregiver burnout is typically achieved by re-purposing scales of occupational burnout. Such approaches have several methodological and theoretical weaknesses. This paper proposes a new tool for measuring caregiver burnout: The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory (ICBI). In the first portion of this study, focused feedback was collected from within-field experts and caregivers. Following item revision, an online sample of informal US caregivers of an individual with dementia was collected. Item Response Theory analysis was used to prune low-information or low-consistency items from the scale. The finalized ICBI contained 10 items and showed strong convergent validity, adequately differentiated burnout …
The Good Ol' Days: How Sociopolitical Climate Influences Motivations To Seek Historical Nostalgic Media Experiences Versus Non-Nostalgic Media Experiences And The Outcomes Of Those Experiences, Samantha Rosenthal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Nostalgia is a complex cognitive and affective experience and has been described by some as a "social emotion" (Goulding, 2002; Merchant & Rose, 2013; Wildschut et al., 2006). Through nostalgic media experiences, people can develop connections to prior eras or periods in society which are accompanied by a range of emotions and feelings. Perceptions of the past are influenced by experiences in the present. Because of this, it is possible that people's perceptions of their current political climates and society play a role in how they seek and react to media experiences, including nostalgic media experiences. Considering how the political …
In Sickness Or In Health: The Impact Of Disease Burdens On The Likelihood Of Violent Conflict, Devyn Escalanti
In Sickness Or In Health: The Impact Of Disease Burdens On The Likelihood Of Violent Conflict, Devyn Escalanti
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This paper expands on the relationship between disease burdens and the onset of violent conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa from 1990-2012. Most studies have focused on conflict as a cause of HIV transmission, while some suggest that HIV infection rates, by substantially reducing life-expectancy, increase the onset of violence by lowering the opportunity cost of rebelling for HIV-positive individuals. This paper argues that to the degree that life expectancy is important to opportunity costs, it is more likely driven by other factors. First, I argue preventable diseases that are less connected to individual decision-making, and the presence of poor health infrastructure …
A Critical Microethnographic Examination Of Power Exchange, Role Identity And Agency With Black Bdsm Practitioners, Amber Norman
A Critical Microethnographic Examination Of Power Exchange, Role Identity And Agency With Black Bdsm Practitioners, Amber Norman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The practice of BDSM (Bondage/Discipline, Dominance/Submission, and Sadomasochism) is a roleplay activity that facilitates the examination of power dynamics through erotic play. Historically, the mental health community relegated BDSM as a deviant sexual practice. Modern therapeutic perspectives, however, affirm the normality of practitioners and report psychological benefits of BDSM. Nevertheless, the practice remains stigmatized and misunderstood. The goal of this research was to examine how BDSM works, and how power is exchanged within relationships. More specifically, the experiences of Black BDSM practitioners were investigated to add nuance to how racial dynamics further impact power relationships. Ethnographic procedures were applied to …
Fruits In Dakhleh: Isotopic And Bayesian Mixed-Model Reconstruction Of Food Source Contributions And Diet At Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, Melissa Gomez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This thesis applies a new methodology to dietary reconstructions of a unique population excavated from Kellis 2, a Romano-Christian era (c.50-450 AD) cemetery located in the ancient city of Kellis, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. Previously, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on bulk hair keratin from 216 individuals to examine their dietary practices and health status. Although this research identified the presence of specific dietary choices in the community, the researchers were not able to determine what fraction of the diet was composed of those resources. This is the first such study to use a priori dietary reconstruction data …
Two Pink Lines: Exploring Florida's Pregnancy-Associated Intimate Partner Homicides, Sonya Spence
Two Pink Lines: Exploring Florida's Pregnancy-Associated Intimate Partner Homicides, Sonya Spence
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Pregnancy-associated Homicides (PAHs) are homicides committed while a woman is pregnant, and recent reports from Florida's Pregnancy-associated Mortality Review (PAMR) suggest that it is a leading cause of unnatural deaths for pregnant women. However, a study has not examined the motives, characteristics, and underlying factors behind these homicides. Therefore, this study explored Florida's Pregnancy-associated Intimate Partner Homicides (PAIPHs) using a sample of women that were reportedly pregnant at the time of their mortality (n=33), as well as a comparison group of not-pregnant women (n=33). To conduct the study, reported homicide data from news sources, police reports, and other public records …
Determining And Assessing Fault Attribution In Collisions Involving Autonomous Vehicles, Alexandra Kaplan
Determining And Assessing Fault Attribution In Collisions Involving Autonomous Vehicles, Alexandra Kaplan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
There exists considerable research concerning how humans attribute fault to each other, both in cases of accidents and those instances of intentional harm. There also exist studies involving blame attribution towards robots, when such robots have caused harm through operational failure or lack of safety features. However, relatively little work has, to date, examined the ways in which fault is attributed to self-driving vehicles involved in collisions, despite many newspaper and popular articles which both report past incidents and warn of future risk. This dissertation examined fault attribution in collisions involving autonomous vehicles by conducting three separate experiments. The first …
The Precariat And The Pandemic: Assessing The Wellbeing Of Metro Orlando's Hospitality Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Caroline Austin
The Precariat And The Pandemic: Assessing The Wellbeing Of Metro Orlando's Hospitality Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Caroline Austin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
In 2018, the Orlando metro area was visited by 126.1 million tourists, a new record which the area has broken for its eighth year (Sanata 2019). As the number of visitors to the area continues to rise, so has the number of people employed by the hospitality industry which currently makes up the largest sector of the area's job market, employing 280,000 workers as of December 2019 (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Consistent growth in various insecure and unstable jobs of this kind have prompted the development of theory regarding the emergence of a new class known as the precariat. The …
(Main)Streaming Hate: Analyzing White Supremacist Content And Framing Devices On Youtube, Christopher Charles
(Main)Streaming Hate: Analyzing White Supremacist Content And Framing Devices On Youtube, Christopher Charles
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The emboldening of white supremacist groups, as well as their increased mainstream presence in online circles, necessitates the creation of studies that dissect their tactics and rhetoric, while offering platform-specific insights. This study seeks to address these needs by analyzing white supremacist content and framing devices on the video hosting website, YouTube. Data were collected through a multi-stage sampling technique, designed to capture a 'snapshot' of white supremacist content on the platform during a 45-day period in 2019. After line-by-line coding and qualitative thematic analysis, results showed that sampled channels varied between different levels of color-blindness and overt racialization in …
Under Pressure: Analysis Of An Undergraduate Intervention For Stem Students In Academic Decline, Dena Ford
Under Pressure: Analysis Of An Undergraduate Intervention For Stem Students In Academic Decline, Dena Ford
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Students who successfully persist in STEM majors often gain positive attention highlighting their preparation and ability, though far too often, students who struggle while persisting in the major go unnoticed. This research analyzed demographics and characteristics of select undergraduate STEM majors with a focus on biology and forensic science who were not reaching the major GPA benchmark requirements. These students were persisting while in academic decline. Characteristics of interest in this study include self-reported level of familial pressure to be in the major, anxiety level of current declared major, and course workload anxiety level as well as admit type (either …
Examining The Moderating Role Of Coping Strategies In The Relationship Between Team Role Alignment And Employee Well-Being Outcomes, Justine Moavero
Examining The Moderating Role Of Coping Strategies In The Relationship Between Team Role Alignment And Employee Well-Being Outcomes, Justine Moavero
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Individual well-being outcomes like engagement and burnout can have a major impact on employees and their performance. As a result, the organization itself may experience serious repercussions, financial and otherwise. Teams have become ubiquitous within modern organizations, with operations largely consisting of workers that engage in various levels of teamwork. As such, factors of team dynamics might influence well-being outcomes by either improving or exacerbating the occupational health of the employee. Research has demonstrated that team roles are foundational and enacted within every team; however, there is little existing literature assessing the impact of team role alignment on employee well-being. …
Why Experienced Incivility Triggers Instigated Incivility: Combining The Affect-Based And Resource-Based Pathways, Xin Peng
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Ever since Andersson and Pearson's seminal work (1999), incivility has become one of the most commonly studied forms of mistreatment in the organizational sciences (Hershcovis, 2011). While research to date has yielded significant findings about the effects of experienced incivility, far less is known about the underlying mechanisms that linked experienced incivility and instigated incivility. Among the limited studies investigating the positively relationship between experienced incivility and instigated incivility, two distinct theoretical frameworks, affective-based perspective and resource-based, were drew upon. And these two perspectives have never been examined in the same model. To this end, I investigated negative affect (affect-based …
Lego My Ego: The Puzzling Role Of Self-Esteem And Goal Orientation On Appraisals Of Unsolicited Help, Emily Broksch
Lego My Ego: The Puzzling Role Of Self-Esteem And Goal Orientation On Appraisals Of Unsolicited Help, Emily Broksch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The threat-to-self-esteem model suggests an individual's interpretation of an offer of help is influenced by factors of the aid that have implicit consequences to the helpee's self-esteem (Fisher, Nadler, & Whitcher-Alagna, 1982). Basic needs theory states that the fulfillment of autonomy and competency needs are two components necessary for an individual to achieve optimal well-being, and thus self-image (i.e., self-esteem; Ryan & Deci, 2000). As such, this study used a LEGO building task and manipulated challenges to autonomy and competency in order to determine the extent to which an individual finds an unsolicited offer of help as threatening or supportive …
Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria: Responses To Trauma And Constructing A New Life In Central Florida, Angela Vergara
Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria: Responses To Trauma And Constructing A New Life In Central Florida, Angela Vergara
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
On September 20th, 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall on the island of Puerto Rico causing devastating results. An Island with a history of decades of economic recession, inadequate infrastructure, and a negative effect of a century of colonial rule by the United States, Hurricane Maria unquestionably intensified the catastrophic circumstances in Puerto Rico. (Cons 2017; Torres 2018; Gay et al 2019). The aftermath of Hurricane Maria left thousands homeless and without basic resources in the Island. The study examines the effects of disparate social factors on individual responses to trauma before, during, and after the disaster and illuminates the circumstances …
Household Economies And Socioeconomic Integration: An Analysis Of Obsidian Artifacts From Coba, Quintana Roo And Yaxuna, Yucatan, Mexico, Danielle Waite
Household Economies And Socioeconomic Integration: An Analysis Of Obsidian Artifacts From Coba, Quintana Roo And Yaxuna, Yucatan, Mexico, Danielle Waite
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Using Handheld XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence), this thesis explores how household economies at two Maya archaeological sites, Coba and Yaxuna, differed during a period of expansion and integration from the Early to Late Classic transition period (A.D. 500-750/800). Previous research suggests that during this time, Yaxuna was under the direction of Coba, however, due to the lack of household archaeology at both sites, how the bridging of these two centers impacted households and their domestic economies remains unknown. A compositional analysis of 1,186 obsidian artifacts recovered by the Proyecto de Interaccion Politica del Centro de Yucatan and the Proyecto Sacbe Yaxuna-Coba …
Does One Bad Phish Spoil The Whole Email Load?: Exploring Phishing Susceptibility Task Factors And Potential Interventions, Dawn Sarno
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Phishing emails have become a prevalent cybersecurity threat for the modern email user. Research attempting to understand how users are susceptible to phishing attacks has been limited and hasn't fully explored how task factors influence accurate detection. Even further lacking are the existing training interventions that still have users falling victim to up to 90% of phishing emails following training. The present studies examined how task factors (e.g., email load, phishing prevalence) and a new form of intervention, rather than training, influence email performance. In four experiments, participants classified emails as either legitimate or not legitimate and reported on a …
The Power Color: Does Shared Decision Making Between Physicians And Patients Differ By Race, Vernon Headley
The Power Color: Does Shared Decision Making Between Physicians And Patients Differ By Race, Vernon Headley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Objective: Shared Decision-Making (SDM) as a clinical approach allows patients and physicians to discuss the best treatment options for the patients' improved health outcomes. Over the past two decades, SDM has improved the quality of health by reassuring patients that they have a voice when considering treatment options. The objective of this study is threefold: to examine parents' perceptions of engaging in SDM with their physicians about their treatment options; to engage in the SDM process when their children's mental health conditions were the subject of SDM; and to assess the comfort level of parents engaging in SDM, based upon …
Food, Familiarity, And Forecasting: Modeling Coups With Computational Methods, Joshua Lambert
Food, Familiarity, And Forecasting: Modeling Coups With Computational Methods, Joshua Lambert
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Military coups are the most consequential breakdown of civil-military relations. This dissertation contributes to the explanation and prediction of coups through three independent quantitative analyses. First, I argue that food insecurity is an important determinant of coups. The presence of hunger can generate discontent in society and subsequently alter coup plotter opportunities. Furthermore, I show that the presence of chronic hunger can condition the effect of increasing development. While increasing levels of development have been shown to limit coup proclivity, a state experiencing chronic hunger will recognize the fundamental failure of basic needs provision. As development increases, the presence of …
Identifying Suicidality Correlates Among People Incarcerated In Jail, Frances Abderhalden
Identifying Suicidality Correlates Among People Incarcerated In Jail, Frances Abderhalden
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The rate of suicidality in jail is estimated to be eight times greater than that of the general population, yet the identification of risk factors for suicidality among people incarcerated in jail has not been explored by researchers (Fazel, Grann, Kling & Hawton, 2011; Hayes, 1999; Noonan & Ginder, 2013). To date, the breadth of the literature on suicidology almost exclusively deals with the prison population or general public, and official data of completed suicides. However, when analyzing suicidality in jail and prison populations, it is evident they are not interchangeable and suicidal behaviors include more than just completed suicides. …
Stage Dives And Shared Mics: Ethnographic Perspectives On Community And Networking In The Central Florida Punk Rock Scene, Lauren Friedman
Stage Dives And Shared Mics: Ethnographic Perspectives On Community And Networking In The Central Florida Punk Rock Scene, Lauren Friedman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Music remains an important aspect of culture and society, proven by copious academic studies exploring how humans create, experience, and utilize it. The emergence of punk rock as a music genre and scene of interconnected individuals in the mid-to-late 1970s provides significant insight into social and political attitudes of the time. Punk rock's continued existence in the present day reflects similar themes to its first incarnation besides forging new directions for the genre and the scene. In this study I examine social factors within the current Central Florida punk rock scene that contribute to its evolution and longevity. I used …
Incels And The Manosphere: Tracking Men's Movements Online, Annie Jones
Incels And The Manosphere: Tracking Men's Movements Online, Annie Jones
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Throughout history, men have responded to feminist progress with political backlash. Pre-internet men's groups used biological constructions of gender as a method of reinforcing patriarchal power by restricting the rights of women. Today, the same methods are used in a loose collection of men's rights groups online called 'the manosphere'. Within the manosphere, men who identify as involuntarily celibate (incels) blame women for their perceived loss of masculine power. Some incels have taken their anti-feminist backlash offline through acts of mass violence, suggesting an emergent need for social science research into the incel identity. This paper outlines the theoretical orientation …
Improving Foreign Militaries -- The Effects Of U.S. Military Aid In The Form Of International Military Education And Training Programs, Sandor Fabian
Improving Foreign Militaries -- The Effects Of U.S. Military Aid In The Form Of International Military Education And Training Programs, Sandor Fabian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Great powers have often sought to achieve their strategic goals through the allocation of military aid. The United States is no exception, as it has frequently used military aid to influence the policies and military capacity of its allies and partners. However, our understanding of the effects of US military aid on the conflict behavior of recipient states - and especially the mechanisms underlying these effects - remains poorly understood. The results of previous studies of U.S. military aid are often contradictory, and are mostly based on over-aggregated, country-level data. In this dissertation, I argue that examining the individual-level effects …
Applications Of Close-Range Photogrammetry For Documenting Human Skeletal Remains In Obstructed Wooded Environments, Morgan Ferrell
Applications Of Close-Range Photogrammetry For Documenting Human Skeletal Remains In Obstructed Wooded Environments, Morgan Ferrell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Crime scenes involving human skeletal remains in obstructed wooded environments are challenging to document. One potential option to include with the crime scene processing protocol is 3D documentation utilizing close-range photogrammetry (CRP). This method results in the generation of realistic 3D models and accurate plan-view maps of the crime scene. The purpose of this research was to explore the use of CRP to preserve contextual information of simulated scenes involving scattered human remains in obstructed wooded environments. The main goal was to improve CRP methodology as well as demonstrate how to incorporate this method into the forensic archaeology documentation protocol. …
Prescription Drug Abuse Amongst The Elderly, Michael O'Blenis
Prescription Drug Abuse Amongst The Elderly, Michael O'Blenis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This thesis attempts to document and illuminate the growing issue of prescription drug abuse among the elderly population. The average elder in the U.S. takes at least one prescription drug per day, depending upon their health status. Likewise, elders that suffer from multiple chronic conditions are more likely to take multiple prescription drugs. As the lifespan of humankind grows well into their 90's and older, even more elders will be placed on prescription drugs. As part of this study, a narrative literature review was conducted to summarize the topic of prescription drug abuse amongst the elderly. The findings suggest that …
Effective Pedagogical Practices In Elementary School Libraries: An Appreciative Inquiry Approach, Maureen Scanlan
Effective Pedagogical Practices In Elementary School Libraries: An Appreciative Inquiry Approach, Maureen Scanlan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
School libraries were designed to provide equitable access to reading and research materials for all students. Over the past few decades, staffing of school libraries has become a controversial topic as school leaders opt to eliminate school librarians due to budget constraints. Consequently, there is staffing variability in school libraries. Research indicates that a school librarian is a critical component of a successful school library program. Despite this, some schools with staffing variability in the school library are finding ways to implement an effective school library media program. This research study examined effective school library pedagogical practices in elementary school …
Family Mass Homicide: An Investigation, Alec Szalewski
Family Mass Homicide: An Investigation, Alec Szalewski
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Operationalizing mass murder consistently has yet to be achieved. Mass homicide definitions often use time and space, but other key factors (e.g., victim count) vary widely across literature and agencies. Because of this, the current study argues for a mass family homicide definition of two or more victims, not including the offender, with no method of killing requirement. The purpose of using this victim count derives from the average family size and how many victims can be killed before an entire family annihilation. Next, using the suggested definition, three exploratory logistic regression models were run to further the understanding and …