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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Electoral Mandates In American Politics, Lawrence J. Grossback, David A. M. Peterson, James A. Stimson
Electoral Mandates In American Politics, Lawrence J. Grossback, David A. M. Peterson, James A. Stimson
David A. M. Peterson
Political science has not come to terms with the idea of electoral mandates. The discipline's view is a hodgepodge of competing claims. In this article we review the empirical issues about mandates asking whether or not mandates occur and with what effect. We observe evidence of mandates as social constructions, as dialogues in the Washington community and in the press which serves it.We find that these dialogues accurately reflect election results – consensus emerges from actual sweeping election victories and not from mere strategic attempts to claim policy mandates. We find that Congress is highly responsive to the consensus interpretation. …
The Effects Of Frontal Lobe Functioning And Age On Veridical And False Recall, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
The Effects Of Frontal Lobe Functioning And Age On Veridical And False Recall, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
Jason C.K. Chan
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri Older adults’ heightened susceptibility to false memories has been linked to compromised frontal lobe functioning as estimated by Glisky and colleagues’ (Glisky, Polster, & Routhieaux, 1995) neuropsychological battery (e.g., Butler, McDaniel, Dornburg, Price, & Roediger, 2004). This conclusion, however, rests on the untested assumption that young adults have uniformly high frontal functioning. We tested this assumption, and we correlated younger and older adults’ frontal scores with veridical and false recall probabilities with prose materials. Substantial variability in scores on the Glisky battery occurred for younger (and older) adults. However, frontal scores and age were independent …
The Testing Effect In Recognition Memory: A Dual Process Account, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
The Testing Effect In Recognition Memory: A Dual Process Account, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
Jason C.K. Chan
The testing effect, or the finding that taking an initial test improves subsequent memory performance, is a robust and reliable phenomenon--as long as the final test involves recall. Few studies have examined the effects of taking an initial recall test on final recognition performance, and results from these studies are equivocal. In 3 experiments, we attempt to demonstrate that initial testing can change the ways in which later recognition decisions are executed even when no difference can be detected in the recognition hit rates. Specifically, initial testing was shown to enhance later recollection but leave familiarity unchanged. This conclusion emerged …
The Geography Of Innovation Commercialization In The United States During The 1990s, Joshua L. Rosenbloom
The Geography Of Innovation Commercialization In The United States During The 1990s, Joshua L. Rosenbloom
Joshua L. Rosenbloom
This article analyzes the geographic distribution and interrelationship of three measures of innovation commercialization across the 50 largest metropolitan areas in the United States and estimates a model of the factors explaining variations in the location of innovation commercialization. Innovation commercialization tends to be highly concentrated geographically, suggesting the presence of substantial external economies in these functions. Beyond these scale effects, however, the author finds that university science and engineering capacity and local patenting activity both help to account for intercity differences in the level of innovation commercialization activity.
Interrogation And Torture, Christian A. Meissner, Justin S. Albrechtsen
Interrogation And Torture, Christian A. Meissner, Justin S. Albrechtsen
Christian A. Meissner, Ph.D.
No abstract provided.
Accurate Vocal Compensation For Sound Intensity Loss With Increasing Distance In Natural Environments, Pavel Zahorik, Jonathan W. Kelly
Accurate Vocal Compensation For Sound Intensity Loss With Increasing Distance In Natural Environments, Pavel Zahorik, Jonathan W. Kelly
Jonathan W. Kelly
Human abilities to adjust vocal output to compensate for intensity losses due to sound propagation over distance were investigated. Ten normally hearing adult participants were able to compensate for propagation losses ranging from −1.8 to −6.4dB/doubling source distance over a range of distances from 1 to 8m. The compensation was performed to within 1.2dB of accuracy on average across all participants, distances, and propagation loss conditions with no practice or explicit training. These results suggest that natural vocal communication processes of humans may incorporate tacit knowledge of physical sound propagationproperties more sophisticated than previously supposed.
Libraries As A Place Of Transgression, Harrison W. Inefuku, Robin L. Imhof, Fred Gertler
Libraries As A Place Of Transgression, Harrison W. Inefuku, Robin L. Imhof, Fred Gertler
Harrison W. Inefuku
This poster communicates how the University of the Pacific Library participated in the student-curated exhibition, "Transgressions: Transgender, Transnational, Transsexual," creating a book display of transgressive artists and authors, and used Facebook to reach new audiences.
Review Of Cultural Representation In Native America, Christina Gish Berndt
Review Of Cultural Representation In Native America, Christina Gish Berndt
Christina Gish Hill
What do Barbie, beer, nuclear bombs, New Age shamans, and Creole identity have in common? The authors of this anthology address each of these topics to illuminate cultural representation both of and by American Indian communities. This collection consists of articles from scholars and community activists that draw on provocative contemporary issues to suggest new directions for the study of cultural representation...
Identity Construction In Documentary Appraisal: Conflict, Inclusion, And The "Collecting" Archive, Kimberly D. Anderson
Identity Construction In Documentary Appraisal: Conflict, Inclusion, And The "Collecting" Archive, Kimberly D. Anderson
Kimberly D. Anderson
Appraising archival material with the intent to document or represent a specific institution, community, or other entity involves identity construction on the part of the archivist. In order to judge records as representative or part of a given entity, the archivist must have a concept of the boundaries of the given entity’s identity and whether or not the proposed records fall within these boundaries. In order to determine boundary, identity must be constructed and reinforced by the archivist. Four primary identity constructions are proposed: Accepted by All, Self-Identified/All-Else Excluded, Insider Accepted/Outsider Excluded, Outsider Accepted/Insider Excluded. Archivists should be aware and …