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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 80
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Innovation-Export Linkages Within Different Cluster Models: A Case Study From The Australian Wine Industry , D. K. Aylward
Innovation-Export Linkages Within Different Cluster Models: A Case Study From The Australian Wine Industry , D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines innovation and export linkages within different levels of cluster development. The aim of the paper, using empirical data from the Australian wine industry, is to demonstrate that the association between innovation and export activity intensifies as the cluster develops. Dividing wine clusters into ‘innovative’ (highly developed) and ‘organised’ (less developed) models the paper uses selected core indicators of innovation and export activity to explore levels of integration within each model. This integration is examined in the context of Porter’s theory of ‘competitive advantage’, showing how these lessons can be translated to industry clusters in general.
Experience Based Reasoning For Recognising Fraud And Deception, Zhaohao Sun, G. Finnie
Experience Based Reasoning For Recognising Fraud And Deception, Zhaohao Sun, G. Finnie
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Fraud, deception and their recognition have received increasing attention in multiagent systems (MAS), e-commerce, and agent societies. However, little attention has been given to the theoretical foundation for fraud and deception from a logical viewpoint. We fill this gap by arguing that experience-based reasoning (EBR) is a logical foundation for recognizing fraud and deception. It provides a logical analysis of deception, which classifies recognition of deception into knowledge-based deception recognition, inference-based deception recognition, and hybrid deception recognition. It will examine the relationship between EBR and fraud as well as deception. It uses EBR to recognize fraud and deception in e-commerce …
A Waterfall Model For Knowledge Management And Experience Management, Zhaohao Sun
A Waterfall Model For Knowledge Management And Experience Management, Zhaohao Sun
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines experience and knowledge, experience management (EM) and knowledge management (KM), and their interrelationships. It then proposes waterfall models for both EM and KM. The models characterize EM and KM as the integration of experience processing and corresponding management, that of knowledge processing and corresponding management respectively. The proposed approach facilitates research and development of KM, EM, and hybrid intelligent systems.
Marketing Research For Volunteering: A Research Agenda, Sara Dolnicar, Melanie J. Randle
Marketing Research For Volunteering: A Research Agenda, Sara Dolnicar, Melanie J. Randle
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Contributing an estimated AUD42 billion dollars a year to the Australian economy and US150 billion dollars to the USA, volunteering has become an industry sector of major importance. It has consequently attracted significant attention among researchers of various disciplines, including marketing. Nevertheless, the industry is confronted with ongoing challenges, particularly in the area of recruitment. This article provides a review of prior marketing-related studies and identifies a number of gaps in the research, such as a limitation in the past to a priori approaches to categorising volunteers, which has offered limited insight and conflicting results. The authors recommend a more …
Ecrm Success And The Value Of Managerial Discretion. , T. Coltman, Sara Dolnicar
Ecrm Success And The Value Of Managerial Discretion. , T. Coltman, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The performance payoff from electronic customer relationship management (eCRM) programs has become a growing concern in marketing and information technology research and practice. Yet despite a number of research reports by both practitioners and academic institutions there remains little evidence of any robust relationship between eCRM investment and performance. Building on a surprisingly sparse literature regarding the importance of managerial discretion, we show that the beliefs held by managers’ matter. Three distinct types of firms populate our data, and the relationship between eCRM performance and its underlying determinants varies greatly between them. This is critical to strategic marketing because it …
What Makes Students Attend Lectures? The Shift Towards Pragmatism In Undergraduate Lecture Attendance, Sara Dolnicar
What Makes Students Attend Lectures? The Shift Towards Pragmatism In Undergraduate Lecture Attendance, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
An empirical study was conducted to gain understanding about reasons for lecture attendance among undergraduate students. Students were found to be heterogeneous regarding their reported lecture attendance motivations, with two segments representing prototypical extremes. The student group labelled “idealists” reported genuinely enjoying lectures and consisted of more mature aged students with working experience. Students labelled “pragmatics” were most highly represented in the Commerce Faculty, were among the younger students, reported attending lectures to get the information they need to succeed in the subject and demonstrated the lowest lecture attendance while achieving the highest grade point average. Generally, as opposed to …
What Moves Which Volunteers To Donate Their Time? An Investigation Of Psychographic Heterogeneity Among Volunteers In Australia, Sara Dolnicar, Melanie J. Randle
What Moves Which Volunteers To Donate Their Time? An Investigation Of Psychographic Heterogeneity Among Volunteers In Australia, Sara Dolnicar, Melanie J. Randle
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Many local environmental volunteering organisations face difficulties attracting volunteers from specific subgroups of the community. Consequently, it is crucial to gain understanding about the variety of factors that move people to participate in environmental volunteering. Factors which might have been underestimated in the past given the rather homogeneous community groups of volunteers which are, e.g., predominantly of Anglo-Saxon origin. This study reports on an analysis of volunteering motivations based on a representative data set provided by the ABS. It reveals that volunteering motivations vary widely and illustrates possible new ways of marketing volunteering organisations in order to attract new community …
Why Do Dissatisfied Customers In The Business-To-Business Services Sector Stay With Their Existing Service Providers? An Exploratory Study, Venkata K. Yanamandram, L. White
Why Do Dissatisfied Customers In The Business-To-Business Services Sector Stay With Their Existing Service Providers? An Exploratory Study, Venkata K. Yanamandram, L. White
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
There have been few studies that investigate the reasons that dissatisfied customers stay with service organisations. Further, there have been no studies that have investigated a range of factors simultaneously in a single model in the business services sector. This paper attempts to address this research gap. A qualitative study was conducted, with 17 personal interviews undertaken with managers who are involved in the choice of service providers. The results not only confirmed factors in the literature: switching costs, impact of alternative service providers, investment in relationships, service recovery and inertia, but also uncovered seven other factors: the service provider …
Bottling Fog: Conjuring Up The Australian Km Standard, Helen M. Hasan
Bottling Fog: Conjuring Up The Australian Km Standard, Helen M. Hasan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper tells the story of the development of the Australian Standard in Knowledge Management that is due for release at the end of 2004. It does this in the context of the nature of this Standard and with the knowledge of the lengthy and sometimes difficult process that was undertaken. It is hoped that this view of the Standard and its development will encourage its adoption and acceptance by the KM community.
Effectively Communicating New Product Benefits To Consumers: The Use Of Analogy Versus Literal Similarity, A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
Effectively Communicating New Product Benefits To Consumers: The Use Of Analogy Versus Literal Similarity, A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The main point this study wants to make is that the use of analogies in advertising for really new products is a more effective means of communicating a new product’s distinctive benefits to consumers than is the use of literal similarity comparisons. This hypothesis was tested by means of an experiment with a 3 (comparison type: explicit analogy, implicit analogy, literal similarity) x 2 (product: Auto Mower, Smart Pen) design. The results showed a significant effect of the use of implicit analogy in advertising on consumer’s benefit comprehension for one of the two really new products. The use of analogies …
A Unified Logical Model For Cbr-Based E-Commerce Systems, Zhaohao Sun, G. Finnie
A Unified Logical Model For Cbr-Based E-Commerce Systems, Zhaohao Sun, G. Finnie
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper will examine new issues resulting from applying CBR in e-commerce and propose a unified logical model for CBR-based e-commerce systems (CECS) which consists of three cycles and covers almost all activities of applying CBR in e-commerce. This paper also decomposes case adaptation into problem adaptation and solution adaptation, which not only improves the understanding of case adaptation in the traditional CBR, but also facilitates the refinement of activity of CBR in e-commerce and intelligent support for e-commerce. It then investigates CBR-based product negotiation. This paper thus gives insight into how to use CBR in e-commerce and how to …
Sweet And Sour: Accounting For South Sea Islanders Labour At A North Queensland Sugar Mill In The Late 1800s, H. J. Irvine
Sweet And Sour: Accounting For South Sea Islanders Labour At A North Queensland Sugar Mill In The Late 1800s, H. J. Irvine
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The sugar industry in the colony of Queensland (Australia) began in the late 1800s, initially following the plantation model. Since slavery had been abolished, and it was believed that white men were incapable of working in the tropics, a number of sugar entrepreneurs recruited South Sea islanders to provide the labour necessary for clearing the dense tropical vegetation and establishing cane growing as an economically viable industry. It is estimated that from the early 1860s until 1904, over 60,000 islanders were recruited from more than eighty islands to work as indentured labourers. In spite of their huge contribution to the …
‘Paying The Price’: Impact On Subordinate Potential And Expectations In The New Bureaucracy, George K. Kriflik, R. Jones
‘Paying The Price’: Impact On Subordinate Potential And Expectations In The New Bureaucracy, George K. Kriflik, R. Jones
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
It is argued that many types of bureaucratic reform have entailed an extension or intensification of, not a departure from, bureaucratic control. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative case study which examines the impact of ‘new bureaucratic’ structures and systems on the performance and expectations of organisational subordinates. Such subordinates question the ‘price’ that has to be paid by themselves to achieve strategic visions devised and implemented by remote and faceless senior executives. This price is reflected in subordinates’ perceptions of the extent to which ‘cleaned-up’ bureaucratic processes impact on the achievement of their overall potential. Subordinates place …
Plagiarism: Let The Policy Fix The Crime, H. W. Collier, R. Perrin, C. B. Mcgowan
Plagiarism: Let The Policy Fix The Crime, H. W. Collier, R. Perrin, C. B. Mcgowan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Plagiarism is considered to be an unacceptable act, a crime, in today’s University. This is reinforced by the Latin and Greek origins of the word, i.e., meaning to ‘plunder’ or ‘kidnap’. An Australian Vice-Chancellor was recently asked to resign following public allegations and findings of his plagiarism. Universities adopt and publicise policies to illustrate what they expect from their students. We posit that while some students plagiarise for reasons endogenous to those students, others do so as a result of poorly designed and constructed assignments and assessment tasks. From a simple example involving the use of the plagiarism detection software …
A Model Of Financial Performance Analysis Adapted For Nonprofit Organisations, A. Abraham
A Model Of Financial Performance Analysis Adapted For Nonprofit Organisations, A. Abraham
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Measurement of financial performance by ratio analysis helps identify organisational strengths and weaknesses by detecting financial anomalies and focusing attention on issues of organisational importance. Given that the mission of a nonprofit organisation is the reason its existence, it is appropriate to focus on financial resources in their relationship to mission. Turk et al (1995) suggested that the key to analysis and measurement of the financial and operational control and impact is related to the central question: What is the organisation’s mission? Their model reflects the interrelationship between a series of questions about the mission and the financial resourcing and …
Wine Clusters Equal Export Success, D. K. Aylward
Wine Clusters Equal Export Success, D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The export success of the Australian wine industry continues to gain momentum. As this phenomenon becomes increasingly apparent, more and more studies are focusing on the association between levels of export intensity among firms within a wine cluster as opposed to those in non-cluster environments. The general claim is that clusters provide highly productive environments that encourage greater export awareness among firms, create conditions more conducive to international marketing, provide greater brand awareness and thereby facilitate increased levels of export activity. The author has recently completed a number of studies that, at least in the Australian context, substantiate these claims. …
Working Together: Innovation And Export Links Within Highly Developed And Embryonic Wine Clusters , D. K. Aylward
Working Together: Innovation And Export Links Within Highly Developed And Embryonic Wine Clusters , D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines innovation and export linkages within two distinct levels of wine cluster development. The aim of the paper, using empirical data from the Australian wine industry, is to demonstrate that the association between innovation and export activity intensifies as the cluster develops. The paper uses selected core indicators of innovation and export activity to explore levels of integration within highly developed and embryonic models (In this context, ‘embryonic’ does not relate to the age of the cluster, but rather, its level of sophistication and development). This integration is examined in the context of Porter’s theory of ‘competitive advantage’, …
Time Efficient Brand Image Measurement - Is Binary Format Sufficient To Gain The Market Insight Required? , Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun, F. Leisch
Time Efficient Brand Image Measurement - Is Binary Format Sufficient To Gain The Market Insight Required? , Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun, F. Leisch
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Ordinal scales have become the most popular format in questionnaire design for marketing surveys (Van der Eijk, 2001) despite both (1) causing a number of methodological problems (Scharf, 1991; Peterson, 1997; Kampen & Swyngedouw, 2000) and (2) taking longer to answer (Dolnicar, 2003). The duration of the survey is especially critical in brand image surveys, where including one additional brand leads to as many additional questions as there are attributes along which the brands have to be evaluated. This study aims at gaining insight into the consequences of asking respondents to evaluate brand-attribute associations in ordinal of binary format. This …
If You Don’T Need To Know, Don’T Ask! Does Questionnaire Length Dilute The Stability Of Brand Images? , Sara Dolnicar, M. Heindler
If You Don’T Need To Know, Don’T Ask! Does Questionnaire Length Dilute The Stability Of Brand Images? , Sara Dolnicar, M. Heindler
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Brand image measurement is the most fundamental building block of strategic marketing decisions in branded industry. Therefore, brand image studies are both regularly conducted and well researched. Nevertheless the measurement tools used are typically not constructed with the scientific rigour needed to generate the most informative results. The aim of this article is to evaluate the effect of one potential weakness: questionnaire length. It is investigated whether questionnaire length influences (1) the initial response rate of assigning attributes to brands, (2) the repeat rate of doing so, and (3) the empirical generalisation proposed by Dall’Olmo Riley et al. (1997) according …
Analogical Learning Of New Product Benefits: Between-Domain Analogies Versus Within-Domain Analogies., A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
Analogical Learning Of New Product Benefits: Between-Domain Analogies Versus Within-Domain Analogies., A. Ait El Houssi, K. P. Morel, E. J. Hultink
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The slow rate at which many really new products (RNPs) are adopted can at least partially be explained by the low observability of the distinct benefits. It is suggested that between-domain analogies rather than within-domain analogies are effective in directing consumer’s attention to the key benefits of and developing preferences for a RNP. The results of a laboratory experiment show a significant relationship between ads using between-domain analogies and consumer’s benefit comprehension for one of the two RNPs. The relationship with preferences for the RNP, however, is insignificant. But an increased benefit comprehension positively influences preferences for the RNP. We …
Quantifying The Effect Of Gst On Inflation In Australia’S Capital Cities: An Intervention Analysis, Abbas Valadkhani, A. P. Layton
Quantifying The Effect Of Gst On Inflation In Australia’S Capital Cities: An Intervention Analysis, Abbas Valadkhani, A. P. Layton
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines the magnitude and duration of the GST effect on inflation in Australia’s eight capital cities using the Box and Tiao intervention analysis and quarterly data spanning from 1948:4 to 2003:1. We found that GST had a significant but transitory impact on inflation only in the September quarter of 2000 when this new tax system was implemented. In this quarter inflation showed an additional increase of 2.6 per cent in Sydney (minimum effect) and 2.8 per cent in Australia as a whole, the same figure for Hobart was 3.3 per cent (maximum effect). Based on the Wald test …
Does The Term Structure Predict Australia’S Future Output Growth?, Abbas Valadkhani
Does The Term Structure Predict Australia’S Future Output Growth?, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines whether the term structure of interest rates provides predictive power for real output growth using quarterly time series data from 1980:1 to 2002:2. The empirical results are consistent with previous studies undertaken for France, Germany and the UK as well as earlier Australian works. It is found that a 10 per cent increase in the interest rate spread between the 10-year Treasury bond and the 90-day bank bill results in approximately 4 per cent rise in GDP growth over the succeeding seven-nine quarters. This result is robust to the inclusion of two other relevant predictors in the …
An Empirical Analysis Of The Black Market Exchange Rate In Iran, Abbas Valadkhani
An Empirical Analysis Of The Black Market Exchange Rate In Iran, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The Iranian rial has been depreciated on average about 13 per cent per annum against the U.S dollar during the last four decades. This paper examines the long- and short-run determinants of the black market exchange rate employing the cointegration techniques and the annual time series data from 1960 to 2002. Consistent with previous studies and the monetary approach to the exchange-rate determination, it is found that the black market exchange rate is cointegrated with the relative consumer price indices in Iran and the U.S., real GDP and the relative import prices. However, in the short run only the rising …
What Determine Private Investment In Iran?, Abbas Valadkhani
What Determine Private Investment In Iran?, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Iran’s Third Five-Year Development (2000/01-2004/05) has considered a pivotal role for private investment in creating seven to eight hundred thousand jobs per annum to stabilise the rate of unemployment. This paper examines the long- and short-run determinants of the private investment function by employing the Johansen multivariate cointegration technique and a short-run dynamic model. Using annual data for the period 1960-2000, this paper finds, inter alia, that private investment is cointegrated with non-oil GDP, and the rate of inflation. It is found that a one per cent increase in inflation in the long-run can immediately result in a one per …
An Example Of The Use Of Financial Ratio Analysis: The Case Of Motorola, H. W. Collier, T. Grai, S. Haslitt, C. B. Mcgowan
An Example Of The Use Of Financial Ratio Analysis: The Case Of Motorola, H. W. Collier, T. Grai, S. Haslitt, C. B. Mcgowan
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In this paper, we demonstrate the use of actual financial data for financial ratio analysis. We construct a financial and industry analysis for Motorola Corporation. The objective is to show students exactly how to compute ratios for an actual company. This paper demonstrates the difficulties in applying the principles of financial ratio analysis when the data are not homogeneous as is the case in textbook examples. We use Motorola as an example because the firm has several segments, two of which account for the majority of sales and represent two industries (semi-conductor and communications) that have different characteristics. The case …
The Road Of Trials: Management Concepts In Documentary Film Production In Australia, M. L. Jones, Christina Kirsch
The Road Of Trials: Management Concepts In Documentary Film Production In Australia, M. L. Jones, Christina Kirsch
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
New technologies affecting work and organizational design, unclear work functions and roles, communication problems, cross-cultural management problems, lack of knowledge transfer and industrial disputes - the catalogue of problems that affect the Australian film Industry (AFI) in general reads like a curriculum in the management discipline. Management and organizational studies have obviously neglected the film production industry and only few established management research programs tackle the film industry (Blair 2000, Cunningham 2002, Starkey, Barnatt & Tempest 2000). This project investigates projects in the AFI from a management perspective, with the objective to develop a theoretical framework and evaluate various management …
History Of Macroeconometric Modelling: Lessons From Past Experience, Abbas Valadkhani
History Of Macroeconometric Modelling: Lessons From Past Experience, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper reviews briefly the general literature on macroeconometric modelling and highlights some important lessons from more than half a century of model-building. It appears that from the late 1940s to the 1960s this field has contributed to the expanding knowledge of both economists and econometricians. However, from the early 1970s, several issues invalidated macroeconometric models. These issues are: theoretical contrasts with rational expectations theory, structural instability, the arbitrary division of endo-exogenous variables of the model, the existence of the problem of unit roots (spurious regressions) and insufficient amount of econometric "know-how". It is argued that with advancement of econometric …
Accelerating New Product Development: The Experience Of Concurrent Engineering In Australia, Paul Couchman
Accelerating New Product Development: The Experience Of Concurrent Engineering In Australia, Paul Couchman
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Concurrent engineering (CE) is a distinctive approach to the organisation and management of new product development (NPD) which seeks to achieve cross-functional integration, product life cycle design integration and high levels of project task concurrence in order to reduce development lead times. To address the limited research to date on CE in the Asia-Pacific region, the paper presents findings from a survey of Australian manufacturers (n = 150) and from five in-depth case studies on the application of CE in Australia. The survey found that just over one-half (54%) of the companies surveyed used CE to some extent and that, …
Online Information Values For Recreational Travellers: A Review Of Online Sources In Decision Making For An Unfamiliar Long Haul Destination, Robert Grant
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Acquisition or purchase of travel arrangements involves an exchange of information which is theoretically suited for transfer from offline to online interaction. The ability to digitise material and ease access through searchability based on metatags (Reedy and Schullo, 2004, p 276) make the internet a potentially ideal medium for information gathering and exchange. This paper reviews the value of information sources for consumer decision making for a high involvement experience product with multiple and variable components and points to further research which help our understanding of the value of electronic networks.
Does Confidence Moderate Or Predict Brand Attitude And Purchase Intention?, Lars Bergkvist
Does Confidence Moderate Or Predict Brand Attitude And Purchase Intention?, Lars Bergkvist
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper reports results from a study in which the role of consumer confidence in brand evaluations was investigated. Data from a survey of Internet shoppers showed that confidence is a direct predictor, not a moderator, of purchase intention. This result is contrary to expectations from social psychology but in line with earlier research in marketing. However, confidence does moderate the relationship between brand beliefs and brand attitude.