Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Influence Of Political Ideologies In The Organization And Development Of Sport In Greece, Yanni D. Afthinos

Yanni D Afthinos

No abstract provided.

Las Políticas De Intervención Municipal En El Centro Histórico De Quito, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Los Centros Históricos se han convertido en tema central de debate y discusión dentro de la ciudad de Quito, entre otras razones por la agudización del deterioro urbano-arquitectónico y de las condiciones de vida de la población que allí habita. Pero también por la formación de una institucionalización que promueve su desarrollo y conservación, a través de la asistencia técnica, el financiamiento y la actuación. En este contexto debe ubicarse el avance en la concepción de la planificación urbana al haber incorporado dentro de sus postulados la temática de los centros históricos y la del análisis del problema nacional que …

Urbanización Y Desarrollo Humano, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Vaya exponer cuatro reflexiones que he realizado durante este último tiempo, y que quiero compartirlas con ustedes porque son de fundamental importancia para la comprensión de los procesos nacionales de urbanización y urbanos. Pero también, por el estado de elaboración que evidencian, con el fin de debatir y discutir.

En primer lugar, pienso que ha llegado la hora de repensar la ciudad ecuatoriana, en vista de que existen muchos análisis con diversidad de situaciones metodológicas, temáticas, etc., lo cual amerita hacer un alto para repensar nuestra ciudad.

El segundo tiene que ver con el proceso por el que transita la …

A Descriptive Study Of The Functional Components Of Browsing., Barbara H. Kwasnik

Barbara H. Kwasnik

The paper describes a descriptive study of the functional components of browsing, which is viewed as the strategic and adaptive technique that people use to search, scan, navigate through, skim, sample, and explore information systems. Data on browsing is collected from thirty participants -- ten each in three browsing formats: print, command-driven computer version, and hypertext window-environment version. Data collection is by means of several techniques: the collection of thinking-out-loud, task-concurrent protocols; open-question interviews during the task; observation; and video and sound recording. The aim of analysis is to describe functions of browsing such as: orientation, place-marking, transition, comparison, identification, …

An Income-Satiation Model Of Efficiency Wages, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Efficiency wages are wages that exceed a worker's reservation wage. A standard explanation for such wages is ``bonding'': by increasing the worker's fear of discharge, high wages increase the worker's cost from punishment. A neglected alternative is ``satiation'': by decreasing the worker's marginal utility of income, the high wage decreases the benefit from misbehavior. Satiation, unlike bonding, applies even in a one- period model, but it relies on the misbehavior having a monetary benefit and on at least part of the punishment being nonmonetary.

Lógica Del Tugurio, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

La segregación residencial en Quilo varía en su forma y contenido desde los años sesentas, debido a que los sectores populares enfrentan el dilema de su inserción residencial desde una situación de carencia de alternativas. Ante la ausencia de OPCIONES residenciales, los sectores populares se han visto en la obligación de desarrollar extremas ESTRATEGIAS de reproducción.

La distinción entre opción y estrategia, permite diferenciar a los mecanismos individuales de comportamiento en un mercado, con las formas sociales de resistencia-sobrevivencia-transformación que son propias de la condición de existencia de los sectores populares. La estrategia es un ámbito específico de conflicto social; …

Analyzing Performance Skewness In Public Agencies: The Case Of Urban Mass Transit, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

Previous studies of public organizational performance have focused mostly on operating efficiency, without dealing with the complex accountability problems associated with plural public interests. The fact that an agency exhibits multiple and often paradoxical performances has not been of comparable concern. This failure to account for performance in a multiple-constituencies context has led to a narrow view of how well agencies do. To broaden the research on agency performance, a multiple-constituencies model is introduced and tested for statistically significant variances. The findings confirm the model's robustness in structuring a dependent variable for empirical research on why agencies perform toward different …

The Geographical Concentration Of Employment And Its Implications For Trade And Adjustment, Robert C. Shelburne, Robert W. Bednarzik

Robert C. Shelburne

This paper examines the geographical concentration of employment by detailed industrial categories by state using a Department of Labor dataset not available to the public. It discusses the theoretical reasons for geographical concentration, and provides detailed Gini coefficients for both 3 and 4 digit SIC categories. It discusses how concentration varies by type of industry, and by the intensity to which the industry either exports or imports. Its provides information on the location of industries intensively involved with trade. This information in then used to assess the possible adjustment pressures that might result from NAFTA. A condensed version of this …

Trends In Foreign Direct Investment, Karl P. Sauvant

Karl P. Sauvant

No abstract provided.

Managerial Conservatism And Rational Information Acquisition, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Conservative managerial behavior can be rational and profit- maximizing. If the valuation of innovations contains white noise and the status quo would be preferred to random innovation, then any innovation that does not appear to be substantially better than the status quo should be rejected. The more successful the firm, the higher the threshold for accepting innovation should be, and the greater the conservative bias. Other things equal, more successful firms will spend less on research, adopt fewer innovations, and be less likely to advance the industry 's best practice.

Quito: Una Política Urbana Alternativa, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

De un tiempo a esta parte, la problemática de los Centros Históricos se ha convertido en tema de debate y discusión dentro de las políticas urbanas en América Latina. Hoy, por lo menos, el caso de Quito es uno de los puntales de la polémica sobre la ciudad. Esta conversión tiene que ver con algunos de los siguientes aspectos que merecen ser destacados:

a. El creciente deterioro que vienen sufriendo los centros históricos como consecuencia de hechos sociales, económicos y naturales, así como de los procesos de modernización que se han desarrollado. en su momento, en cada uno de los …

Quito: Una Política Urbana Alternativa, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

De un tiempo a esta parte, la problemática de los Centros Históricos se ha convertido en tema de debate y discusión dentro de las políticas urbanas en América Latina. Hoy, por lo menos, el caso de Quito es uno de los puntales de la polémica sobre la ciudad. Esta conversión tiene que ver con algunos de los siguientes aspectos que merecen ser destacados:

El creciente deterioro que vienen sufriendo los centros históricos como consecuencia de hechos sociales, económicos y naturales, así como de los procesos de modernización que se han desarrollado. en su momento, en cada uno de los países …

Red Latinoamericana "Ciudades, Gobiernos Locales Y Políticas Urbanas", Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

La principal preocupación que se puso de manifiesto desde un inicio fue la relacionada con la construcción de una ciudad latinoamericana democrática que modifique su actual fisonomía de espacios marcados por la segregación y la exclusión de las grandes mayorías. Revertir esta situación exige revisar el modo de actuar de un conjunto muy amplio de instancias nacionales, con las especificidades que cada una de ellas presenta.

En la transición es necesario reflexionar sobre la naturaleza y composición de los Estados nacionales latinoamericanos, y uno de los temas ineludibles es el de la existencia de los grupos que asumieran tareas de …

High Profile Athlete Endorsements Vs Doping In Sports, Yanni D. Afthinos, Terry Furst

Yanni D Afthinos

No abstract provided.

Lisrel Analyses Of The Riasec Model: Confirmatory And Congeneric Factor Analyses Of Holland's Self-Directed Search, Gregory J. Boyle, Sergio Fabris

Gregory J. Boyle

A sample of 401 apprentice plumbers was administered the Australian version of Holland's [(1977) Self-Directed Search: A guide to educational and vocational planning. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press] Self-Directed Search (SDS), in an investigation of the construct validity of the multidimensional interest inventory. Both exploratory (iterative principal factoring with oblique simple structure rotation), as well as LISREL confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), provided only partial support for the six-factor RIASEC typological model on which the SDS instrument was structured. Indeed, only one RIASEC factor (Artistic) was supported unequivocally from the exploratory factor analysis while the CFA statistics indicated a poor …

Factor Structure Of The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (Mdq): Exploratory And Lisrel Analyses, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) is the most frequently used self-report instrument for measuring menstrual cycle symptomatology. However, its internal structure has been criticized. In a review of the psychometric properties of the MDQ (covering more than 50 studies from 1968 onwards), Spalding and Oei concluded that "the MDQ appears to measure constructs unrelated to the menstrual cycle, [that] its definition of the premenstrual syndrome may be inaccurate and the factor structure of this instrument may be unreliable." In order to clarify the structural dimensionality of the MDQ, exploratory, congeneric and confirmatory factor analyses of the MDQ item intercorrelations were …

Le Teorie Del Segno Neoplatoniche, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

the paper investigates the theories of sign developed by three of the most important neoplatonic philosophers

From Libertarianism To Egalitarianism, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

A standard natural rights argument for libertarianism is based on the labor theory of property: the idea that I own my self and my labor, and so if I "mix" my own labor with something previously unowned or to which I have a have a right, I come to own the thing with which I have mixed by labor. This initially intuitively attractive idea is at the basis of the theories of property and the role of government of John Locke and Robert Nozick. Locke saw and Nozick agreed that fairness to others requires a proviso: that I leave "enough …

Are Equilibrium Strategies Unaffected By Incentives?, Eric Bennett Rasmusen, Jack Hirshleifer

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Tsebelis proposed that in games such as the"Police Game"that have only a mixed strategy equilibrium, changing a player's payoff parameters will not affect his behavior. Care must be taken not to push this reasoning too far

The Strategy Of Sovereign Debt Renegotiations, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

The standard economic theory of perfect competition assumes that there are many buyers and many sellers, all possessing the same information, so that no one can act strategically. This standard theory is clearly not appropriate for analyzing debt renegotiation, where buyer and seller are bound to deal with each other and information is asymmetric. Game theory is a set of techniques developed to analyze economic situations that, like games, involve few players and strategic behavior. This theory has been greatly developed in the past fifteen years, and is useful for understanding some of the paradoxes of debt regenotiation.

Game Theory In Finance, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

A short survey of the use of game theory in finance.

Comment On Tullock, Hechter, And Wildavsky, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Game theory has been criticized as neglecting key aspects of individual behavior and as relying too heavily on special assumptions. It can, in fact, handle individual heterogeneity if the modeller is willing to carefully specify how people are different, but to the extent that such things as heterogeneity and culture are important, the desire for a single unified model is impossible to satisfy. At the same time, game theory's approach is very useful for building specialized models.

Gender And The Relationship Between Perceived Fairness Of Pay/Promotion And Job Satisfaction

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Testing The Null Hypothesis In Small Area Analysis, Kevin Cain, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

The goal of small area analysis is often to demonstrate that hospital admission rates or procedure rates vary greatly among regions, suggesting the occurrence of unnecessary admissions or procedures in some regions. Recent articles have shown that such variation may be largely due to chance, even if no underlying differences exist among the small areas; thus, it is important to test if the observed variation is larger than expected by chance. In this article we discuss how the appropriate method for testing the null hypothesis depends on the distribution of the number of admissions at the person level. If it …

Equilibrium Visions, Mario J. Rizzo

Mario Rizzo

This is an analysis of the uses of the equilibrium concept in the works of Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek and Ludwig Lachmann. It is claimed that for Mises the concept of equilibrium is an analytical tool or construct. Hayek and Lachmann thought of equilibrium in more realistic terms but differed as to the extent to which the real world approximates an equilibrium.

The Fallacy Of The Slippery Slope Argument On Abortion, Chenyang Li

Chenyang Li

No abstract provided.

Strikes And Holdouts In Wage Bargaining: Theory And Data, Peter Cramton, Joseph Tracy

Peter Cramton

We develop a private-information model of union contract negotiations in which disputes signal a firm’s willingness to pay. Previous models have assumed that all labor disputes take the form of a strike. Yet a prominent feature of U.S. collective bargaining is the holdout: negotiations often continue without a strike after the contract has expired. Production continues with workers paid according to the expired contract. We analyze the union’s decision to strike or hold out and highlight its importance to strike activity. Strikes are more likely to occur after a drop in the real wage or a decline in unemployment.

Strategic Delay In Bargaining With Two-Sided Uncertainty, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

The role of strategic delay is analyzed in an infinite-horizon alternating-offer model of bargaining. A buyer and seller are engaged in the trade of a single object. Both bargainers have private information about their own preferences and are impatient in that delaying agreement is costly. An equilibrium is constructed in which the bargainers signal the strength of their bargaining positions by delaying prior to making an offer. A bargainer expecting large gains from trade is more impatient than one expecting small gains, and hence makes concessions earlier on. Trade occurs whenever gains from trade exist, but due to the private …

“Sorry, Wrong Number”: Why Media Polls On Gun Control Are So Often Unreliable, David B. Kopel, Gary Mauser

David B Kopel

How scientific are the polls reported in the media on the gun control issue? Without arguing for or against gun controls, this article examines the interviewing and

sampling methods used by media polls and finds that some polls claiming impressive majorities in favor of severe gun controls may not be accurate.

This article was originally published in Political Communication and Persuasion, vol. 9, pp. 69-92 (1992). This web version is a from a reprint (without the tables) in the Journal on Firearms & Public Policy, volume 6, pp. 23-53 (1994). Starred page numbers [*24] indicate the beginning of a new …

Centro Histórico De Quito: Notas Para El Desarrollo De Una Política Urbana Alternativa, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

De un tiempo a esta parte, la problemática de los centros históricos se ha convertido en tema de debate y discusión dentro de las políticas urbanas en América Latina.'Hoy, por lo menos, en el caso de Quito es uno de los puntales de la polémica sobre la ciudad. Esta conversión tiene que ver con algunos delos siguientes aspectos que merecen ser destacados:

a.- El creciente deterioro que vienen sufriendo los centros históricos como consecuencia de hechos sociales, económicos y naturales, así como de los procesos de modernización que se han desarrollado, en su momento, en cada uno de los países …