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- Development (7)
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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Stories Of Juruti Velho, David Mittelman
The Stories Of Juruti Velho, David Mittelman
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This paper presents a collection of stories from the communities of the Juruti Velho region of the municipality of Juruti, Pará, Brazil. The inhabitants of this region represent just one group affected by the current mining undertaking by the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa). Following some important background information on ribeirinhos populations, Amazonian development, and Alcoa’s history of displacing communities, the study presents the past, present and potential future of these communities in their own words. Stories were collected in loosely structured interviews and transcribed, in order to capture what is important to the community members’ sense of identity and …
Combating Educational Inequalities: Afro-Brazilian Youth & The Bahia Street Project, Kimberly Menendez
Combating Educational Inequalities: Afro-Brazilian Youth & The Bahia Street Project, Kimberly Menendez
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
In her article entitled “Inequity and Human Rights of African Descendants in Brazil,” Lucila Beato insists that Afro-Brazilian rights are violated everyday. Those who experience this violation the most are Afro-Brazilian, or Black, women who are considered to be at the bottom of the social hierarchy. These women are a double minority who are condemned for being both Black and women. Many women, as do men, drop out of school early in life in order to help their families, who live below the poverty line and struggle to make ends meat. Many girls turn to prostitution, pornography, and even sexual …
Concentración Urbana: El Papel De La Competición, Jason Peuquet
Concentración Urbana: El Papel De La Competición, Jason Peuquet
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
In the year 1996 economists Paul Krugman and Livas Alizondo published a study addressing the correlation between the degree to which a country’s economy is open to foreign pressures and competition and the degree to which the country experiences the phenomenon of urban concentration. However, in 2003 another economist, Olga Alonso-Villar published another study that presents evidence against Krugman and Elizondo’s argument. This study states that after an extended period of time, during which an economy has been closed to foreign pressures and competition, such as Chile and other Latin American countries during the era of import substitution industrialization, when …
Revitalizing The Human Spirit Together: A Case Study Of Movimento De Saúde Mental Comunitária Do Bom Jardim In Bom Jardim, Fortaleza, Ceará, Ana Bonilla
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
My research will delve into the workings of the community of Bom Jardim in Fortaleza, Ceará, in their endeavors for positive mental and physical community development through the tactics of their base organization Movimento de Saúde Mental Comunitária do Bom Jardim (MSMCBJ). Specifically I am looking at the Terapia Comunitária (community therapy) program, one of the many branches of MSMCBJ, and how through their projects do they fulfill their goal of organizing a community from the roots to blossom into a healthier and more vibrant one. I will also look into how this model is sustainable and why this method …
Fighting The System From Within: Cmpio And Education Reform, Anna Marshall
Fighting The System From Within: Cmpio And Education Reform, Anna Marshall
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The current system of public education in Oaxaca is riddled with problems too numerous to list here. There is an obvious need for reform or for a new system all together. The argument presented in this paper is that the latter is not a feasible option for most in Oaxaca, especially for rural indigenous communities. For reasons explained throughout this study, it is necessary to work within the present confines of the existing education system in order to make significant improvements in the quality of education for these communities. Many activists seek to reject “the system” all together, but this …
Fortaleza’S Feminisms: Searching For Feminist Theory In The Centro De Referência Da Mulher And The Delegacia De Defesa Da Mulher, Paige Sweet
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This study attempts to focus on the issue of how violence against women is combated in Brazil through interviewing the women who work at the Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher and the Centro de Referência da Mulher. I attempt to compare and contrast the policies and procedures of these two institutions, as well as the opinions of the women who work there, to understand how they reflect and/or resist feminist theory values. As the basis of this analysis, I am using feminist domestic violence theory, which states that the cause of domestic violence is rooted in sexism and patriarchal power …
Alcoa In Juruti, Brazil: A Case Of Environmental Injustice And Colonialism?, Caitlin Schroering
Alcoa In Juruti, Brazil: A Case Of Environmental Injustice And Colonialism?, Caitlin Schroering
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This paper examines the visions of development of Alcoa, an American bauxite mining company, and the traditional ribeirinho communities in the area of Juruti Velho, Brazil. These two objectives are pursued in order to determine if Alcoa’s actions in the area constitute environmental injustice and colonialism. An explication of environmental injustice and colonialism is undertaken, and is followed later by a discussion of social invisibility and how circumstances are created that allow for the exploitation of traditional communities. The work and demands of ACORJUVE, a community association that is in opposition to Alcoa, are also discussed. A review of the …
Visiones De Pertenencia: Comunidad Tras Las Palabras De Personas Mapuche, Marissa Brodney
Visiones De Pertenencia: Comunidad Tras Las Palabras De Personas Mapuche, Marissa Brodney
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Central to the Mapuche reclamations of ancestral territory happening now in Patagonia are notions of “community”. Recognition, on the one hand, of an indigenous right to re-appropriate state land implies historical consciousness of indigenous pueblo preexistence, and the imposition of national communities in which indigenous groups do not find representation. Secondly: in recent decades, the “community” has become a strategic point of reference in the legal and political arenas in which reclamations are registered. A result of the struggles of indigenous activists of the past few decades, official recognition as an indigenous community implies recognition of unique rights. Thirdly: resulting …
From Subsistence To Existence: Worker Strategies In The Recovery Of Talleres Union, Ryan Merz
From Subsistence To Existence: Worker Strategies In The Recovery Of Talleres Union, Ryan Merz
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The questions of how and why social movement actors develop and modify their strategies of contention have been the work of a significant amount of past political process theory work (Kurzman 1996;Kitschelt 1986; McAdam etc. all 1986). Although a correlation has been shown between Political Opportunity Structures and repertoire change (Kitschelt 1986), there is a lack of in depth qualitative research on these questions (Meyer 2004). In this paper I will attempt to help fill this void by using a case study of the recovered factory movement in Argentina. In this study I will begin by summarizing current academic research …
Como Mujer…Yo Decido: El Derecho De Salud Sexual Y Reproductiva En Mujeres Aymara De Putre, Chile, Alice Manos
Como Mujer…Yo Decido: El Derecho De Salud Sexual Y Reproductiva En Mujeres Aymara De Putre, Chile, Alice Manos
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The human right to sexual and reproductive health, as defined at the International United Nations Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), continues to be a pending issue in Chile. The sexual and reproductive health of indigenous women emerges as a crucial issue within this field due to Chile’s history of cultural ignorance and a dictatorial healthcare system. Studies of women’s sexual and reproductive healthcare within indigenous communities in Chile have focused on the Cosmo vision and traditional medicine of the Aymara due to their distinct concepts of reproduction, gender roles, and family planning. Studies conducted by Maria Soledad Pérez …
La Religión Y Los Discursos Del Progreso En El Valle Del Colca, Eric Hirsch
La Religión Y Los Discursos Del Progreso En El Valle Del Colca, Eric Hirsch
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
A TRAVÉS DE las provincias, los campos, y las regiones rurales del Perú andino, se observa pueblos campesinos sin número, en que cada una está sujeta a una red compleja de discursos. Vemos, como resultado de estos discursos, un proceso dinámico de la construcción de identidades individuas y comunitarias. En este proyecto, enfocando en las varias formas de la religión andina con y como expresión de múltiples tipos de historia, orgullo, sistemas sociales, fabricas de valor y de moralidad, y como una parte integral de la construcción de identidad cultural y política en niveles locales y estatales, examinaremos la confluencia …
Las Canastas Solidarias: Construyendo Una Comercialización Directa Con Los Productores, Un Análisis De Los Métodos Usados Para Realizar Este Objetivo, Caitlin Howe
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
A Canasta Solidaria is a group of people that buys its food together in bulk every week, fifteen days, or month, and then divides this food amongst them. The members of a Canasta save money by buying these products in such a large quantity and splitting these costs. However, they would also like to buy products of better quality. To accomplish this, they are trying to commercialize directly with farmers. Canastas have formed in a variety of regions throughout Ecuador, but this paper analyzes specifically the methods used by the Quito network of Canastas to accomplish direct commercialization with producers. …
Give Life Without Losing Life: The Casa Materna Of Matagalpa And The Struggle To Prevent Maternal Death, Lily Emiko Friedman
Give Life Without Losing Life: The Casa Materna Of Matagalpa And The Struggle To Prevent Maternal Death, Lily Emiko Friedman
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Maternal mortality has a face. It is the health indicator with the greatest disparity between the developed and developing worlds, disproportionately affecting poor women with low levels of education, high levels of fertility, and inadequate access to health services. It is the health inequality that most clearly shows how poor health outcomes continue to be directly linked to poverty and socioeconomic disadvantage, while the right to safe pregnancy and motherhood comes with economic privilege. As it occupies such a critical position in community health, maternal mortality has been widely studied and the target of countless health interventions aimed at its …
Supervivencia Cotidiana: Un Análisis De Las Estrategias De Vida De Las Mujeres Del Comedor Infantil Virgen Del Valle, Salta, Argentina, Kate Ono Rahel
Supervivencia Cotidiana: Un Análisis De Las Estrategias De Vida De Las Mujeres Del Comedor Infantil Virgen Del Valle, Salta, Argentina, Kate Ono Rahel
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
In the Comedor Infantil Virgen del Valle of Salta, Argentina, a group of mothers have united their time and consolidated their scarce material resources to form a communal dining hall in which they serve lunch to the children of the community, many of whom receive their only meal of the day there. The comedor is located in the marginal settlement of Juan Manuel de Rosas and in addition to the scarcity of healthy, affordable food, the inhabitants of this neighborhood daily encounter monetary difficulties, the threat of eviction from their homes and the various hazards posed by the easy access …
Baguncaco Cleans Up The Bagunca Of "Racial Democracy", Afro-Brazilian Consciousness And Racial Identity In Alagados, Salvador, Bahia, Monica Mugure
Baguncaco Cleans Up The Bagunca Of "Racial Democracy", Afro-Brazilian Consciousness And Racial Identity In Alagados, Salvador, Bahia, Monica Mugure
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The 2001 Brazil census reports that of Brazil’s 150 million people, 53 percent of them are Afro- Brazilians and 47 percent are white. Of these, Afro-Brazilians hold a 28.5 percent illiteracy rate compared to the 11 percent held by whites. Income distribution indicates that the poorest 20 percent of the population owns only 2.6 percent of national wealth, while the wealthiest 10 percent command 48.1 percent. These facts are prime examples of the skewed distribution of wealth across Brazil and offer insight to the reality experienced by Afro-Brazilians who are most affected by this disparity. Together with the assumption commonly …
Acceso Limitado A Educacion Y Los Efectos En La Experiencia Familiar Por Los Jovenes Aymaras Traslado, Adaptación Social Y La Identidad En Arica, Kate Mooney
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This work, completed during the month of May 2008, characterizes the experience of rural Aymara families and the experiences of their children, who migrate from their pueblos in the Andean high plains to the city of Arica in the first region of Chile for educational reasons. The study consists primarily of qualitative analysis of interviews with youth who currently reside in Arica while studying, their caretakers in the city, their mothers in the pueblos and directors of educational organizations in both Putre and Arica. Principally, the study seeks to understand the perceptions of the city held by rural youth, their …
Calidad Química Y Microbiológica Del Agua Y Acceso Al Recurso Agua En La Comunidad De Solöng, Territorio Naso-Teribe, Bocas Del Toro, Shira Wrightman
Calidad Química Y Microbiológica Del Agua Y Acceso Al Recurso Agua En La Comunidad De Solöng, Territorio Naso-Teribe, Bocas Del Toro, Shira Wrightman
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This study evaluated the water quality and accessibility of water resources in the community of Solöng located in the Naso-Teribe territory of the province of Bocas Del Toro. The seven chemical parameters of nitrate, phosphate, pH, alkalinity, total hardness, turbidity and dissolved oxygen were used to assess the safety of drinking water and the health of aquatic ecosystems utilized by the residents of Solöng. A microbiological assessment which included tests for total coliform bacteria and the fecal coliform strain group of Escherichia coli were conducted as well. Chemical tests were performed in a total of 15 spigots, 7 streams, 2 …
Arauco Y Sus Políticas De Rse En La Viii Región Del Bío Bío (Una Comparación Entre Sus Políticas Medio Ambientales Y La Situación Real), Jamie Warner
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The purpose of my independent research project is to find out whether the written Corporate Social Responsibility environmental policies of Arauco Forests are actually enacted in the eight region (Bíobío). My hypothesis is that even though Arauco has implemented these policies, it does not have a sustainable model for its forest industry. Arauco continues to damage the land, water, and air in the Biobió region, which is in turn affecting the lives of the people that live in the region, the natural flora and fauna, and the workers. I have chosen to focus on the VIII region because it has …
Spray-Painting The State, Stenciling The Self: Opening Commons Of Art And Identity Though Asamblea, Jesse Waldman
Spray-Painting The State, Stenciling The Self: Opening Commons Of Art And Identity Though Asamblea, Jesse Waldman
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This paper explores the way in which Oaxaca, Mexico’s traditional indigenous form of community organization and governance, the asamblea, has been appropriated and reconstituted in the urban context of Oaxaca city. While perhaps the most widely known adaptation of the asamblea was and continues to be the APPO - la Asamblea Popular de los Pueblos de Oaxaca, I have focused upon a loosely organized group of 30- 40 street artists and their asamblea, ASARO - la Asamblea de Artistas Revolucionarios de Oaxaca. Fragmenting the text with image narrative, personal narrative, analysis, and direct quotation, I hope to convey the daily …
¨En Este País No Se Habla Con La Verdad¨: Investigando La Falta De Educación Sexual En El Ecuador¨, Laney Rupp
¨En Este País No Se Habla Con La Verdad¨: Investigando La Falta De Educación Sexual En El Ecuador¨, Laney Rupp
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
No abstract provided.
Yupanchis: La Matemática Inca Y Su Incorporación A La Clase, Yonit Bousany
Yupanchis: La Matemática Inca Y Su Incorporación A La Clase, Yonit Bousany
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Este diálogo tuve con una estudiante de quinto grado de la escuela intercultural-bilingüe Wiñaypaq, a quien veía cada día luchando con la matemática. Sus respuestas señalan bastante sobre su experiencia escolar, especialmente porque, desafortunadamente, la mayoría de experiencias de niños quechua-hablantes en clases de matemática son indeseables en el Perú. Por una variedad de razones, niños peruanos quechua-hablantes raras veces suceden en alcanzar un nivel avanzado en el aprendizaje de las Matemáticas. Podemos atribuir este hecho a variables sociológicos, políticos, lingüísticos y/o económicos, pero no, como es una opinión popular, a una falta de una fuerte base de conceptos matemáticos …
Surfistas For Change: Building New Identity And Community In Poor Brazilian Communities Through Sport And Education, Stephanie Miller
Surfistas For Change: Building New Identity And Community In Poor Brazilian Communities Through Sport And Education, Stephanie Miller
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The purpose of my research was to test the hypothesis that sports can be a preventative method for youth risk behaviors such as gang membership. My hypothesis was that sports could provide some of the same benefits as gang membership and other risk behaviors, but in a more healthy and productive way. To test this thesis, I spent three weeks researching the work of ARCA, the Associaçao Recreativa e Esportiva para Crianças e Adolescentes in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. While I studied all the projects of ARCA, I focused my research on their Escola do Surf, in the poor beach community …
Desarrollo De La Comunidad Y Humano Como Resultado Del Turismo, Annie Moulton
Desarrollo De La Comunidad Y Humano Como Resultado Del Turismo, Annie Moulton
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This independent study project is a case study of San Pedro de Atacama, a small town that is developing economically from a large influx of the tourism business. The project is focused on community and human development as a result of the presence of tourism, but it is also a study of how important complete development of a town is. In a world of towns just like San Pedro trying to develop and modernize, their success and their future depends greatly on their ability to not only develop their economic sector, but to advance the unity and collective support of …
The International Market, Globalization And Nafta: If Food Is Life, Why Have We Allowed It To Become So Dirty?, Abigail Dym
The International Market, Globalization And Nafta: If Food Is Life, Why Have We Allowed It To Become So Dirty?, Abigail Dym
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
No abstract provided.
La Sucesión Primaria De La Vegetación Sobre Los Flujos Piroclásticos Del 2006 En El Volcán Tungurahua, Lauren Schaefer
La Sucesión Primaria De La Vegetación Sobre Los Flujos Piroclásticos Del 2006 En El Volcán Tungurahua, Lauren Schaefer
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
A year and a half after the August 2006 eruption of the Tungurahua volcano, the vegetative growth on the pyroclastic flows is young and scarce. To determine the types of plants and the mechanisms which control the dynamics of vegetative recovery, two transects were made; one in the Cusúa gorge and the other in the Bascún gorge in which the type, quantity and ages of the plants were noted. A third transect of vegetation not directly affected by the 2006 flows was made near the Bascún gorge for comparison purposes. In the two main sites, a total of 47 species …
The Current State Of Populations Of Diadema Antillarum On Isla Colón In Bocas Del Toro, Panamá, 25 Years After Mass Mortality, Leah T. Ritz
The Current State Of Populations Of Diadema Antillarum On Isla Colón In Bocas Del Toro, Panamá, 25 Years After Mass Mortality, Leah T. Ritz
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
In January 1983, the worst recorded die-off of any marine animal hit the Caribbean beginning near the mouth of the Panama Canal and eventually wiping out nearly 99% of one of the most important herbivores in coral reef communities, Diadema antillarum—the long-spined sea urchin or Diadema. No populations of Diadema in the Western Atlantic are known to have escaped the drastic population declines. The loss of Diadema throughout the Western Atlantic has had long-lasting impacts on the structure and composition of many types of communities including coral reefs, mangrove roots, sea grass beds, and sand flats. Though the mortality was …
Community-Based Income Generation: A Case Study Of Its Effects And Replicability In Urucureá, Santarém, Lucy Midelfort
Community-Based Income Generation: A Case Study Of Its Effects And Replicability In Urucureá, Santarém, Lucy Midelfort
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This study examines the method of income generation through handcraft production used by Projeto Saude e Alegria, or the Health and Happiness Project, in Urucureá, a small community in the region of Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Urucureá is a rural community of ribeirinhos (or caboclos), traditional populations living along the banks of the Amazon River and its tributaries. The project of organizing community-based handcraft production in the community began in 1995, and since then the TucumArte group has been quite successful in strengthening their production of woven basketry from the straw of tucumã, a locally abundant species of palm tree. This …