Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Importance Of Ideas: An A Priori Critical Juncture Framework, John Hogan

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This paper sets out an improved framework for examining critical junctures. This framework, while rigorous and broadly applicable and an advance on the frameworks currently employed, primarily seeks to incorporate an a priori element. Until now the frameworks utilized in examining critical junctures were entirely postdictive. Adding a predictive element to the concept will constitute a significant advance. The new framework, and its predictive element, termed the “differentiating factor,” is tested here in examining macro-economic crises and subsequent changes in macro-economic policy, in America and Sweden.

Food And Morality: To Eat Or Not To Eat?, Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire

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This article reviews the 2007 Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery where the theme was Food and Morality. It asks whether we are morally obliged to know where our food comes from, how it is produced, what its carbon footprint is, and whether it is traded fairly?

The Protean Career: Exemplified By First World Foreign Residents In Western Europe?, Marian Crowley-Henry

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This article presents findings from a qualitative study exploring the career-related motivations and experiences of a sample of 20 expatriates living and working on a permanent basis in the South of France (Sophia Antipolis) and in Germany (Munich). By virtue of their having established local links in the host country, either in having local working contracts or being installed in the area on a permanent basis (home owners; children born/being schooled in the host country), these expatriates could also be termed foreign residents in the host country. The study’s sample of highly educated workers originating from the United States of …

Regulating Lobbyists: A Comparative Analysis Of The Usa, Canada, Germany And The European Union, Raj Chari, Gary Murphy, John Hogan

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Lobbying is central to the democratic process. Yet, only four political systems have lobbying regulations: the United States, Canada, Germany and the EU (European Parliament). Despite works offering individual country analysis of lobbying legislation, a two-fold void exists in the literature. Firstly, no study has offered a comparative analysis classifying the laws in these four political systems, which would improve understanding of the different regulatory environments. Secondly, few studies have analysed the views of key agents - politicians, lobbyists and regulators - and how these compare and contrast across regulatory environments. We firstly utilise an index measuring how strong the …

I'M A New Librarian! ... Now What?, Elizabeth J. Cox

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A brief, annotated bibliography geared towards new librarians, covering general resources, professional development, documentation, resume/C.V., research, and leadership.

Cts Split 2007 The (Audio) Diary In Tourism Research, Deirdre Quinn, Nigel Morgan, Annette Pritchard

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No abstract provided.

Using The Technology Of The Confessional As An Analytical Resource: Four Analytical Stances Towards Research Interviews In Discourse Analysis, Brendan O'Rourke, Martyn Pitt

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Among the various approaches that have developed from FOUCAULT's work is an Anglophone discourse analysis that has attempted to combine FOUCAULTian insights with the techniques of Conversation Analysis. An important current methodological issue in this discourse analytical approach is its theoretical preference for "naturally occurring" rather than research interview data. A FOUCAULTian perspective on the interview as a research instrument, questions the idea of "naturally-occurring discourse". The "technology of the confessional" operates, not only within research interviews, but permeates other interactions as well. Drawing on FOUCAULT does not dismiss the problems of the interview as research instrument rather it shows …

On Being A New Librarian, Elizabeth J. Cox

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This article includes tips and information from a new librarian as she reflects on her first year. Topics covered include professional development, mentoring, writing a manual, and reading the literature.

Mapping The Literature Of Health Care Management, Mary K. Taylor, Meseret D. Gebremichael, Cassie Wagner

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Objectives: The research provides an overview of the health care management literature and the indexing coverage of core journal literature.

Method: Citations from five source journals for the years 2002 through 2004 were studied using the protocols of the Mapping the Literature of Allied Health Project and Mapping the Literature of Nursing Project. The productivity of cited journals was analyzed by applying Bradford's Law of Scattering.

Results: Journals were the most frequently cited format, followed by books. Only 3.2% of the cited journal titles from all 5 source journals generated two-thirds of the cited titles. When only the health care …

Performing Tourism In Venice: Local Residents In Focus, Bernadette Quinn

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In contrast to the growing literature on tourist mobility as a performed art, relatively little attention has been paid to resident mobility in tourism places. This paper examines how residents encounter tourists using the concept of tourism as a performance. Drawing on the case of the historic city-center of Venice in northeastern Italy, it explores the spatialities produced through the embodied practices of local mobilities. The paper finds that their movements demonstrated a marked degree of agency. It concludes by arguing that the concept of tourism as performance affords useful insights into how local residents are proactively and intricately involved …

Science Fiction: The Literature Of Ideas. A Report Of The Lita Imagineering Interest Group Program. American Library Association Annual Conference, New Orleans, June 2006., Cassie Wagner

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Each year, the LITA Imagineering Interest Group, in cooperation with publishers like Tor Books, hosts a panel discussion with eminent science fiction and/or fantasy authors. These writers talk about the ways their work relates to issues of the day, especially those related to libraries. This year’s panel consisted of Vernor Vinge, Jane Lindskold, and David Weber.

How Do Psychology Researchers Find Studies To Include In Meta-Analyses?, Julie Arendt

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Meta-analysis is a technique used in a variety of disciplines to combine and summarize the findings of previous research. One step in the production of a meta-analysis is a thorough literature search for relevant studies. A variety of methods can be used to increase the number of studies that are found. This study examines the extent to which some of these steps were taken in meta-analyses published in American Psychological Association in journals in 2004. Some techniques were applied in almost all of the meta-analyses, and other techniques were applied in few of the meta-analyses. Implications of these results for …

Subject Access Points In The Marc Record And Archival Finding Aid: Enough Or Too Many?, Elizabeth J. Cox, Leslie Czechowski

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In this research project the authors set out to discover the current practice in both the archival and cataloging worlds for usage of access points in descriptive records and to learn how archival descriptive practices fit into long-established library cataloging procedures and practices. A sample of archival finding aids and MARC records at 123 Association of Research Libraries (ARL) institutions were examined to determine if finding aids and catalog records had the same or similar number of access points. The research also provided additional data regarding description of archival materials in these libraries.

Library Faculty Publishing And Intellectual Property Issues: A Survey Of Attitudes And Awareness, Howard Carter, Carolyn A. Snyder, Andrea Imre

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Researchers from Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC) surveyed faculty members from 10 academic research libraries to learn about scholarly publishing activities, attitudes, and policies. Areas of special interest included the effect of publishers’ intellectual property policies and institutional promotion and tenure processes on library faculty publishing decisions. The library faculty members were also asked about their experience in negotiating for additional rights from publishers and their experience in self-archiving their research. The researchers wanted to determine if there were any correlation between a library faculty member’s rank and tenure status and the number of peer-reviewed articles published in refereed journals.

The Amended Proposal For A Directive On Services In The Internal Market And Its Potential Impact On The Irish Tourism Industry, Bruce Carolan

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The European Union Services Directive, Directive 2006/123, was very controversial. The popular press focused on that aspect of the Directive which would have allowed employers to comply with the 'home' regulations when offering services in an EU 'host' country. For example, a cleaning service could employ Polish workers to clean Irish offices and paid them according to Polish minimum wage laws. As a result of the controversy, this aspect of the Directive was dropped. The controversy deflected attention from the broader impact of the Services Directive. The Directive, as ultimately adopted, will require member states to conduct an 'audit' of …

An Equality Perspective On Residential Child Care, Niall Hanlon

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An equality perspective on residential child care is one which places the issues of power and oppression as central concerns of practice. This requires more than an understanding and appreciation of the nature of the inequalities that children in care experience. The residential practitioner must appreciate egalitarian values and develop the skills, competences and knowledge base to evolve programmes and strategies that promote equality. Fundamentally, equality practices require significant changes in relationships of power. This paper will outline a means of conceptualising inequalities by discussing the way that they often have an impact on children and young people in residential …

John David Bourchier: An Irish Journalist In The Balkans, Michael Foley

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No abstract provided.

Censorship And Secrecy: The Political Economy Of Communication And The Military, Tom Clonan

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No abstract provided.

Journalism Education In Ireland, Nora French

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No abstract provided.

Waging A Private War: Us Security Contractors In Iraq, Tom Clonan

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Iraq’s Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki has repeatedly expressed grave misgivings about the activities of US ‘Private Military Company’ (PCM) Blackwater Security and has cited at least seven shooting incidents involving the company’s security contractors which have led to the deaths of dozens of Iraqi citizens. Headquartered in Moyock, North Carolina, Blackwater – which is under contract to the US State Department - is currently operating in Iraq without an Iraq Interior Ministry licence. This absence of Iraqi oversight is compounded by a 2004 Coalition Provisional Authority law signed by Paul Bremer which grants Blackwater immunity from prosecution under Iraqi law. …

The Falklands War: Closer Fought Than Commonly Understood, Tom Clonan

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Close Run Thing Twenty five years ago, this week, over three days of a desperately fought battle for control of the skies over the Falklands, the Argentine Air Force sank four British ships – HMS Ardent, HMS Antelope, HMS Coventry and the MV Atlantic Conveyor – in San Carlos Waters. The British Task Force eventually won the air-war by a whisper and managed to establish a beachhead at San Carlos. After the battle for the Falklands was over, Admiral John ‘Sandy’ Woodward, commander of the 1982 British taskforce admitted that the conflict was ‘a lot closer run than many would …

In The Line Of Fire: War Correspondents In Action, Tom Clonan

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As of the 1st of December of this year, 171 journalists and other media workers have been killed – most of them murdered – in 35 different countries across the world. Sixty four of this number were killed in Iraq. Many others were killed covering conflict in Afghanistan and elsewhere making 2007 the worst year on record for deaths among journalists and media workers worldwide. Most foreign, development and war correspondents believe that a sea-change has taken place in the opening decade of the 21st Century in the manner in which wars are being waged, with journalists being deliberately targeted …

Naomi Klein: The Shock Doctrine: Review, Tom Clonan

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Naomi Klein, the award-winning Guardian columnist and best-selling author of the seminal ‘No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies’ (2000) has just completed her most ambitious project to date. With the publication of ‘Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism’, Klein may have achieved what many political leaders, economists and journalists the world over have failed to do during the tumultuous tenure of the current Bush Administration – namely to forensically prove that a ‘rolling coup’ has taken place within the United States that has subordinated its domestic and foreign policy imperatives to corporate interests and naked greed by …

Thunderbirds: Female Combat Pilots Us Air Force, Tom Clonan

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The United States Air Force Air Demonstration Squadron, the USAF Thunderbirds Squadron has performed aerobatic manoeuvres worldwide since its inception in 1953. This year, for the first time in the unit’s history, the Thunderbirds will fly to Ireland to perform at the Salthill Air Show on Sunday the 24th of June. The Thunderbird’s performance at Salthill will be its first ever in Ireland and the unit’s first deployment to Europe since the 9/11 attacks in 2001 and the subsequent invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. The Thunderbirds Squadron consists of six F-16 C fighter jets flown by experienced combat pilots chosen …

The Transition From Preschool To School For Children In Ireland: Teachers Views, Mary O'Kane

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There is a wealth of international research on the transition from preschool to school from a range of perspectives. Following on from such research, the issue of transition is emerging as an important new construct in early childhood care and education (ECCE), with a transition-to-school framework replacing the construct of school readiness as a focus of research interest. There has been limited research into transition practices in Ireland and this study is the first comprehensive research looking at this area from an Irish perspective1. Phase I of this study involved conducting a questionnaire on the transition from preschool to formal …

Digital Watermarking And Self-Authentication Using Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge

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This paper discusses a new approach to ‘watermarking’ digital signals using linear frequency modulated or ‘chirp’ coding. The principles underlying this approach are based on the use of a matched filter to provide a reconstruction of a chirped code that is uniquely robust, i.e. in the case of very low signal-to-noise ratios.

Chirp coding for authenticating data is generic in the sense that it can be used for a range of data types and applications (the authentication of speech and audio signals, for example). The theoretical and computational aspects of the matched filter and the properties of a chirp are …

The International Protean Career: Four Women’S Narratives, Marian Crowley-Henry, David Weir

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In this paper, we share individual narratives outlining the experiences of four well-educated western women following a permanent international career in the South of France. By virtue of detailed interview transcripts and contextual information regarding the specificity of the location in question, a comprehensive picture of the experiences and choices of individual women in leadership business positions on an international level is painted. Our aim is not to generalise the findings to a wider population, but to gain an insight into the depth and complexity of career issues for women in general, and particularly for women working in a foreign …

Judicial Review Of Thirteenth Amendment Legislation: 'Congruence And Proportionality' Or 'Necessary And Proper'?, William M. Carter Jr.

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The Thirteenth Amendment has relatively recently been rediscovered by scholars and litigants as a source of civil rights protections. Most of the scholarship focuses on judicial enforcement of the Amendment in lawsuits brought by individuals. However, scholars have paid relatively little attention as of late to the proper scope of congressional action enforcing the Amendment. The reason, presumably, is that it is fairly well settled that Congress enjoys very broad authority to determine what constitutes either literal slavery or, to use the language of Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., a "badge or incident of slavery" falling within the Amendment's …

Jurisprudential Schizophrenia: On Form And Function In Islamic Finance, Haider Ala Hamoudi

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Despite its explosive growth over the past several decades, Islamic finance continues to have trouble attracting large numbers of otherwise pious Muslims as potential investors. The underlying reason for this is that the means that the practice employs to circumvent some of the central Muslim bans relating to finance (most notably, the ban on interest) are entirely formal in their structure and are equivalent to conventional structures both legally and economically. However, the practice purports to serve functional ends; namely, through offering Muslims alternative means of finance that are intended to further Islamic ideals of fairness and social justice. This …

The Preventive Paradigm And The Perils Of Ad Hoc Balancing, Jules Lobel

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This article addresses the claim that times of crisis require jettisoning legal rules in favor of ad hoc balancing. Part I demonstrates that the coercive preventive measures adopted by the Bush administration in carrying out the War on Terror discarded clear legal rules in favor of ad hoc balancing and relied on suspicions rather than objective evidence. Part II examines the claims of prevention paradigm supporters that ad hoc balancing is necessary in the new post-911 era in order to reach decisions that correctly weigh the values of liberty and peace versus national security. This article argues that discarding the …