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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Work -- Psychological aspects (8)
- Stress (Psychology) (6)
- Employee motivation (5)
- Job stress (5)
- Organizational behavior (5)
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- Employees -- Attitudes (4)
- Job satisfaction (4)
- Work environment (4)
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- Burn out (Psychology) (3)
- Employee attitude surveys (3)
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- COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- (2)
- Employee morale (2)
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- Employees -- Recruiting (2)
- Expectation (Psychology) (2)
- Intercultural communication (2)
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- Prediction of scholastic success (2)
- Social perceptions (2)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 76
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Impact Of Interdepartmental Psychological Safety On Interdepartmental Conflict Management Styles, Ryan Limpus
The Impact Of Interdepartmental Psychological Safety On Interdepartmental Conflict Management Styles, Ryan Limpus
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Conflict is an inevitable part of life, and organizations spend a sizable amount of time addressing it. Literature has shown a connection between conflict management styles and psychological safety, but little research has been afforded to these interactions applied across departments. Data were collected from various companies across the United States using an anonymous survey to quantify respondents’ perceived level of general psychological safety, interdepartmental psychological safety, and preferred styles of conflict management. The results of this study indicated that a significant difference between interdepartmental and general psychological safety exists and is positively correlated with each other. Furthermore, certain styles …
Total Rewards Or Totally Not What The People Want? Examining The Preferred Total Rewards Of Those At Home Vs. In The Workplace, Luke Ronchetti
Total Rewards Or Totally Not What The People Want? Examining The Preferred Total Rewards Of Those At Home Vs. In The Workplace, Luke Ronchetti
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
With the rapid change to remote work, the present study explored whether differing life circumstances (e.g., an at-home parent vs. an older male) changed reward preferences. The present study adds to the scarce total reward preference research by examining the moderating effect age, gender, and parental status have on the relationship between physical work location and total reward preference. Results indicated age to be a moderator of the relationship between work location and reward preference (benefits, work-life effectiveness, performance management, talent development), but gender and parental status were not significant moderators. Exploratory analyses were performed and found correlations between work …
When Helping Hurts: Understanding Resource Recovery In Nonprofit Workplaces, Anna Laura Waldron
When Helping Hurts: Understanding Resource Recovery In Nonprofit Workplaces, Anna Laura Waldron
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study examined the relationship between recovery experiences and strain within the nonprofit context, and identified the role that work calling, boundary permeability, and relaxation remorse had on recovery and the relationship between recovery and strain. Participants (n = 124 nonprofit workers and volunteers) completed a web-based survey that included questions related to their work-nonwork roles, personal recovery activities, and dimensions of strain. Regression-based analyses indicated effects of recovery on some strain outcomes and the effects of calling, boundary permeability, and relaxation remorse on recovery. Psychological detachment was most frequently related to strain in these models. Results failed to …
Experiences Of Employees With Chronic Health Conditions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Stephanie Penpek
Experiences Of Employees With Chronic Health Conditions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Stephanie Penpek
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Although workers with chronic health conditions have received little attention in past Industrial-Organizational Psychology research, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought new concerns for the workplace safety of these employees. I applied the JD-R model to a sample of 143 workers with chronic conditions, looking at how prevalent demands and resources impacted levels of burnout and emotional well-being. Quantitative analyses supported that job demands (i.e., devaluation and job insecurity) were generally related to negative health outcomes, while job resources (i.e., support and flexibility) were related to better health outcomes. Results also indicated that the impact of demands and resources on health …
The Adaptation And Innovation Model Of Organizational Resilience, Daniel Desa
The Adaptation And Innovation Model Of Organizational Resilience, Daniel Desa
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study was designed to broaden the way researchers and practitioners of the organizational sciences conceptualize, measure, and ultimately work to improve the adaptability, innovativeness, and resilience of organizations. This involved identifying how to measure and delineate the relationships between the interlinked multilevel psychosocial constructs of organizational adaptability, innovativeness, and resilience and the individual and organizational level resources of personal resources, human capital, social capital, and job-related resources as components to a conceptual model of organizational effectiveness coined The Adaptation and Innovation Model of Organizational Resilience, or AIR model. A survey was developed and administered to operationalize worker perceptions …
Easing The Return To Normalcy: Reintegrating Victims Of Domestic Violence Into The Workplace, Corrine Wolfe
Easing The Return To Normalcy: Reintegrating Victims Of Domestic Violence Into The Workplace, Corrine Wolfe
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study aimed to provide actionable solutions to organizations regarding how they can best help reintegrate victims of domestic violence into the workplace following a domestic-related incident. Study one surveyed 59 domestic violence survivors using open-ended questions regarding what their organizations did well and/or could have done better to help reintegrate them. Through directed and conventional content analysis, five key themes emerged for how organizations can demonstrate support: safety, emotional support, resources, work modifications, and general perspectives/additional information. Study two turned the key themes from study one into potential recommendations and then interviewed five Human Resources professionals to assess …
Using The Job Demands-Resources Model To Understand Burnout In Police Officers In The Uk And The Us, Jackie Keaton
Using The Job Demands-Resources Model To Understand Burnout In Police Officers In The Uk And The Us, Jackie Keaton
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Rates of burnout among police officers vary between countries and types of officers, which necessitates further exploration of the workplace conditions that impact how and why officers experience burnout. I examined data from two samples of police officers from the United Kingdom (N=356) and the United States (N=118). I found support for the general JD-R model of burnout, where high demands and few resources correlate with more burnout. I also looked at the patterns of demands and resources that significantly predicted burnout for each sample separately, and found that there are nuanced differences in which work conditions are salient in …
"Hey, Are You Busy Right Now?" Stressor Appraisals Of Interruptions To Workflow, Camille Wheatley
"Hey, Are You Busy Right Now?" Stressor Appraisals Of Interruptions To Workflow, Camille Wheatley
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study explored attributes of work interruptions (duration, domain, and urgency) and their impact on appraisals of threat and changes in perceived energy. Participants (N = 290 Amazon Mechanical Turk workers) read and responded to a series of interruption vignettes, appraising each scenario as a threat to personal resources, and evaluating an anticipated impact on their personal energy. Results from a repeated measures ANOVA indicated main effects of each interruption attribute and interactions on appraisals of threat and changes to personal energy. Interruptions characterized by high urgency or long duration were more likely to deplete personal energy, whereas low …
Applicant Justice Perceptions Of Machine Learning Algorithms In Personnel Selection, Megan Warrenbrand
Applicant Justice Perceptions Of Machine Learning Algorithms In Personnel Selection, Megan Warrenbrand
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Machine-learning artificial intelligence algorithms provide organizations with the opportunity to quickly and efficiently process information about potential employees while reducing costs associated with selection and turnover. However, any bias or error present in the programming of such algorithms as a result of information drawn from historically biased data is evident in the resulting output (Illingworth, 2015). Recently, applicants have expressed growing fairness and equity concerns about the risks associated with the use of algorithms in selection processes. The present quasi-experiment analyzed applicant reactions to selection processes to understand whether machine learning algorithms or human hiring decision-makers influence perceptions of fairness …
Support From Below And Above: The Impact Of Perceived Subordinate Support, Leader-Member Exchange, And Perceived Supervisor Support On Supervisor Attitudes, Rachel Browder
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Existing research indicates that perceived support is positively related to job performance and can influence perceptions of support by those with whom they interact. While there is a large body of research examining employees’ perceived support from their supervisors (i.e., perceived supervisor support: PSS) and the organization (i.e., perceived organizational support: POS), little research has examined the impact of supervisors’ perceptions of support from their subordinates. The present study evaluates the relationship between Perceived Subordinate Support (PSubS) and organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions, and the moderating impact of PSS and Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on these relationships. Data were …
Perceptions Of Injustice Among Intercollegiate Athletes: Effects Of Response Type On Individual Well-Being And Perceived Team Cohesion, Linsey Klein
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
When individuals perceive the relationship between what they put into an exchange relationship to be unequal to the outcomes they receive, they are said to be in a state of inequity. This perceived lack of fairness is often referred to as injustice and can have negative effects on the individual and team. Currently, there have been few theory-based approaches to exploring perceptions of injustice within an athletic context. In the present study, online surveys were completed by 78 student-athletes at regional universities to identify the specific types of injustice they perceived, the behavioral and cognitive responses to those perceptions, and …
Quality Assessment Of Work Recovery Activities: Guidance For Recovering From Work-Related Demands, Emily Nixon
Quality Assessment Of Work Recovery Activities: Guidance For Recovering From Work-Related Demands, Emily Nixon
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study tested a revised work recovery process model and provides guidance for work recovery activities based on their recovery quality value. A diverse sample of 540 MTurk workers served as the participants for this in-depth, mixed method approach to evaluating workers’ recovery activities (preferred and actual) as well as recovery needs. Using a modified model of the stress-recovery process, recovery quality was measured in terms of psychological detachment, mastery, and control, with relaxation serving as an outcome state associated with the proposed three core recovery mechanisms. A variety of analyses were used to support the idea that active recovery …
Investigating The Perceptions To And Effectiveness Of An Ally Skill-Building Workshop, Chelsea Wymer
Investigating The Perceptions To And Effectiveness Of An Ally Skill-Building Workshop, Chelsea Wymer
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
There is limited research examining the antecedents, moderators, and determinants of ally skill-building workshops, a new methodology in the diversity management field. A three-part longitudinal quasi-experimental research design measured levels of implicit person beliefs, color blind racial attitudes, modern sexist attitudes, and perceptions of inclusive norms to determine effectiveness of an ally skill-skill building workshop and behavioral intentions over time. Data were collected from employees (N = 218) working for a Fortune 500 organization and were analyzed using simple moderation analysis using PROCESS and regression-based techniques. Results suggest that an ally skill-building workshop may be effective for increasing awareness of …
Working With Wildlife: The Effects Of Stressors And Resources On Burnout And Engagement For Animal Caretakers, Destiny Burns
Working With Wildlife: The Effects Of Stressors And Resources On Burnout And Engagement For Animal Caretakers, Destiny Burns
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study was designed to identify the impacts of stressors experienced by animal caretakers within zoos, aquariums, and shelters. To analyze these impacts, I administered a survey to individuals within this population which assessed interactions with environmental, social, and financial stressors for animal caretakers in relation to engagement and burnout. In total, 112 animal caretakers participated in the study. Results supported that physical stressors were most commonly encountered within the workforce, but coworker conflict was the only stressor to have consistent significant effects on burnout and engagement. Specifically, more coworker conflict was associated with more burnout and less engagement. …
Do Workplace Aesthetics Matter? Testing The Moderating Effects Of Need For Aesthetics And General Mindfulness, Lydia Johnson (Fogo)
Do Workplace Aesthetics Matter? Testing The Moderating Effects Of Need For Aesthetics And General Mindfulness, Lydia Johnson (Fogo)
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Minimal research has examined the impact of workplace aesthetics on employee outcomes such as negative work attitudes, job satisfaction, or resource recovery needs. The present study tested if aesthetic elements in workplace matter to employees and if this effect is moderated by the extent to which employees are generally mindful and have a need for an aesthetically pleasing workspace (NFAPW). Data were collected from adult fulltime employees (N = 175) and were analyzed using correlational and regression-based techniques. Results suggest that together, need for an aesthetically pleasing workplace and general mindfulness affect employees’ work attitudes. Specifically, for individuals with high …
The Complex Effects Of Equity Sensitivity On Job Commitment And Satisfaction: A Pilot Study, West Phifer
The Complex Effects Of Equity Sensitivity On Job Commitment And Satisfaction: A Pilot Study, West Phifer
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
According to equity theory (Adams, 1963, 1965), employees determine whether they are being treated fairly by comparing what they give to and receive from their organization to that of other employees. However, individual perceptions of equity differ in the workplace, a phenomenon Huseman, Hatfield and Miles, (1987) labeled equity sensitivity, which ranges from benevolents, those who accept low levels of equity, to entitleds, who desire more favorable outcomes for themselves. Davison and Bing (2008) split the Huseman et al. continuum into its two components, benevolence and entitlement, and those are the focus of the present study. These dimensions were tested …
Quantifying And Qualifying The Links That Bind, Jared Dirghalli
Quantifying And Qualifying The Links That Bind, Jared Dirghalli
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Employees’ links to organizations and coworkers represent an important factor related to many work-related constructs in the Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology literature. Often, I-O researchers conceptualize these employee links through either the number of workplace links or an employee’s perceived social support. However, these conceptualizations are potentially limited. Research into Social Network Analysis has investigated different quality dimensions in links (e.g., link strength and valence) which can significantly influence outcomes in social, workplace, and general well-being contexts. Thus, the present thesis project was undertaken to explore whether incorporating these quality dimensions of link strength and link valence adds any incremental utility …
A Noble Task: Testing An Operational Model Of Clergy Occupational Health, Drake Terry
A Noble Task: Testing An Operational Model Of Clergy Occupational Health, Drake Terry
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
In many ways, clergy and religious leaders are an ignored yet high-risk population. A clergy member unable to cope with challenges in his or her own life may be ineffective at helping church members to cope with their stress. The purpose of the present study was to develop and test an operational model of clergy holistic health, including occupational demands, and personal and job-related resources. Data were collected from clergy (N = 418) and analyzed using correlational and regression based techniques. Results from the present study provided support for the demands-control-support model (Johnson & Hall, 1988). Specifically, clergy mental health …
Assessing Cross-Cultural Competence: Evaluating The Psychometric Properties And The Nomological Network Of A Modified Version Of The Cultural Intelligence Scale, Kayitesi J. Wilt
Assessing Cross-Cultural Competence: Evaluating The Psychometric Properties And The Nomological Network Of A Modified Version Of The Cultural Intelligence Scale, Kayitesi J. Wilt
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Effectively interacting with individuals in or from an unfamiliar culture requires cross-cultural competence and adaptability. The Cultural Intelligence Scale (Ang et al., 2007) is designed to measure an individual’s ability to adapt in a culturally unfamiliar environment. Studies using the CQS have mixed results regarding its dimensionality, construct validity, and its distinctness from other intelligences. Additionally, the phrasing of some of the items in the CQS require respondents to have been to a foreign culture to be able to answer. To address these critiques, I modified the CQS to accommodate individuals who have never been to a foreign culture. I …
The Role Of Sense Of Coherence In Stressor Appraisal, Lisa Brady
The Role Of Sense Of Coherence In Stressor Appraisal, Lisa Brady
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
According to the transactional theory of stress, cognitive individual differences impact stressor appraisal. Sense of Coherence (SoC) refers to an individual’s generalized perception of environmental stimuli. Individuals with a strong SoC perceive the world as more comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful and may be more likely to appraise work-related stressors as having potential for opportunities (challenges) than for obstructing personal gain (hindrances) or causing harm (threats). This study assessed the role of SoC in the appraisal of work-related stressors as challenges, hindrances, and threats. Although an individual’s SoC remains relatively stable upon reaching adulthood, there is a positive association between age …
Trust In Direct Leader And Employee Outcomes: The Moderating Effects Of Leaders’ Perceived Emotional Sincerity, Christopher Morgan
Trust In Direct Leader And Employee Outcomes: The Moderating Effects Of Leaders’ Perceived Emotional Sincerity, Christopher Morgan
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Emotional sincerity, an emerging construct in the trust in leadership literature, refers to the congruence between emotions internally experienced and externally expressed. With regard to attribution theory, observers (employees) can use the emotional expressions of others (supervisors) as an information source for making judgments. Although previous research has examined the uniqueness and explanatory power of the leaders’ perceived emotional sincerity construct (LPES), relatively few studies have examined LPES as a moderator. The present study examined the moderating effects of LPES on well-established relationships between trust in direct leader (TDL) and several employee outcomes (i.e., turnover intentions, altruistic behaviors, and organizational …
Stable Inconsistency: A Study Of Response Inconsistency Over Time, James A. Nauert
Stable Inconsistency: A Study Of Response Inconsistency Over Time, James A. Nauert
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Personality measures are currently a popular method for selection in the business world, despite issues such as poor predictive ability and the potential for output manipulation by participants. Another issue with personality testing that is often overlooked is that individuals sometimes respond differently on test items that otherwise measure the same traits. This phenomenon has been called Response Inconsistency (Reddock, Biderman, & Nguyen, 2011). The focus of this study is to attempt to show the phenomenon as a measurable trait that is stable over time. The study administered two different Big Five Inventories to participants taken from a local university. …
Examining The Impact Of Selection Practices On Subsequent Employee Engagement, Sofia N. Rodriguez
Examining The Impact Of Selection Practices On Subsequent Employee Engagement, Sofia N. Rodriguez
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Employee engagement is often defined as the vigor, dedication, and absorption one feels about and/or displays within their job. It has long been asserted that engagement is highest for employees who “fit” better with their work. Applicants determine their anticipated levels of fit throughout the selection process. Therefore, it is crucial that the information organizations provide will allow applicants to make accurate assumptions of fit to increase the probability that the vacancy will be filled by an applicant best suited for the position. This study was designed to identify if the practices used during organizations’ selection processes influence the accuracy …
Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell
Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study investigated a conditional model of dispositional and situational variables to predict academic procrastination and academic achievement. Traditional predictive models focus on personality traits, specifically conscientiousness and neuroticism. The dispositional variables of interest in the present study were self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation. The situational variables were course/task self-efficacy, boredom, and task value. It was hypothesized that self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation would each be associated with self-efficacy, boredom, task value, academic procrastination and academic achievement and that the conditional model would more strongly predict both academic procrastination and academic achievement than personality traits …
Combined Influence Of Personality And Leader Member Exchange On Task And Citizenship Performance, Jennifer B. Scroggins
Combined Influence Of Personality And Leader Member Exchange On Task And Citizenship Performance, Jennifer B. Scroggins
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
As organizations continue to focus on improving their effectiveness, research suggests that employee performance should be an obvious consideration due to the significant influence employee behavior can have on organizational outcomes. The present study evaluated the relationship between the personality traits of Conscientiousness and Agreeableness, Leader Member Exchange (LMX), and two basic types of performance: task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Insights into how personality and LMX impacts employee performance has implications for both employee selection and organizational design. Using a sample composed of students and non-students (N = 215), results support a positive relationship between LMX, conscientiousness, and …
Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste
Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of socializing, or activities that are characterized by social interaction, on recovery from work stress. Drawing from consistent findings in personality research, we hypothesized that individuals who measure high in extraversion receive the greatest recovery benefits from socializing, and that this relationship is mediated by state positive affect. An online assessment was administered to 238 participants to measure trait extraversion, trait and state affect, and factors related to their social activities across two recent time periods. Hypotheses were tested using correlational and regression-based techniques. The findings provide support for a …
Authoritative Parenting And Transformational Leadership: An Example Of Family-To-Work Enrichment, Katherine Kearns
Authoritative Parenting And Transformational Leadership: An Example Of Family-To-Work Enrichment, Katherine Kearns
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study was designed to examine the relationship between authoritative parenting and transformational leadership as an example of family-work enrichment. Participants were working managers who are parents (N = 150), recruited from MBA programs, manufacturing companies, and social media. Participants responded to an internet-based survey composed of measures of parenting style, work-family enrichment, and transformational leadership. Participants also provided responses regarding the overall impact of having children on their personal leadership development. Analyses of self-reported data consisted of correlation and regression-based methods for identifying relationships and predictor variables. Qualitative data were also gathered and content analyzed, helping to illustrate …
Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr.
Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr.
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study examines individual job choice decision making with the foreknowledge that such choices will impact the quality of a person’s future work-nonwork roles. It is likely that job applicants have at least some anticipation of the work-nonwork conflict (WNC) and work-nonwork balance (WNB) they will face if they accept a certain job offer. Although most research has provided reasons for organizations to promote WNB and reduce WNC in the workplace, little research has examined the influence of anticipated WNB and WNC on applicant job choice. The present study explores this question and considers whether a person’s work and nonwork …
Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating
Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Regular work days place a strain on employees, depleting precious resources which must be recovered. Recovery results from either passive or active activities. Little research has examined the effect of positive and negative experiences at work and their impact on recovery. The present study investigated how positive or negative experiences at work impact one’s choice of recovery strategy outside of work. I hypothesized that positive experiences at work are positively correlated with a person’s likelihood of engaging in active recovery due to gained resources, and vice versa. The sample for this study consisted of full-time employees with a regular working …
The Use Of Criminal Background Checks: Does Type Of Offense Influence Likelihood To Interview, Likelihood To Hire, And Salary?, Brittany Sentell
The Use Of Criminal Background Checks: Does Type Of Offense Influence Likelihood To Interview, Likelihood To Hire, And Salary?, Brittany Sentell
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
To protect organizations from liabilities and litigation, background checks are becoming increasingly common during the hiring process. Correspondingly, many individuals have committed criminal offenses which often excludes them from being selected for a job. This study examines the effects of criminal offenses, such as those often identified through background checks, on selection decisions such as interviewing, hiring, and starting salary. For this study, a résumé with an accompanying background check similar to what is used in many organizations were provided to professionals and to undergraduate psychology and business students at a midsized university located in the southeastern United States. As …