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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 86
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Psychological Capital, Adaptability, Coping With Change, And Employee Engagement In A Multinational Company, Richard E. Hicks, Eva-Maria Knies
Psychological Capital, Adaptability, Coping With Change, And Employee Engagement In A Multinational Company, Richard E. Hicks, Eva-Maria Knies
Richard Hicks
The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) affected many organizations across the world. There are numerous studies that have examined the financial impacts on organizations and employees but few that have investigated the human capabilities and qualities of employees who survived the crisis. The current study examined the relationships among Psychological Capital (PsyCap: involving self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience), individual and organizational adaptability in handling change, and employee engagement after the GFC of 2009, in a multinational organization with headquarters in Europe. The sample totaled 183 employees from across Europe, the US, and Asia. The Psychological Capital Questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement …
The Complexity Of Role Balance: Support For The Model Of Juggling Occupations, K Evans, J Millsteed, Janet Richmond, M Falkmer, T Falkmer, S Girdler
The Complexity Of Role Balance: Support For The Model Of Juggling Occupations, K Evans, J Millsteed, Janet Richmond, M Falkmer, T Falkmer, S Girdler
Janet E Richmond PhD
Objective: This pilot study aimed to establish the appropriateness of the Model of Juggling Occupations in exploring the complex experience of role balance amongst working women with family responsibilities living in Perth, Australia. Methods: In meeting this aim, an evaluation was conducted of a case study design, where data were collected through a questionnaire, time diary, and interview. Results: Overall role balance varied over time and across participants. Positive indicators of role balance occurred frequently in the questionnaires and time diaries, despite the interviews revealing a predominance of negative evaluations of role balance. Between-role balance was achieved through compatible role …
Embracing The "Two-Body Problem": The Case Of Partnered Academics, Cynthia Fisher
Embracing The "Two-Body Problem": The Case Of Partnered Academics, Cynthia Fisher
Cynthia D. Fisher
Extract: The focal article has given examples of children, other relatives, and friends as potential beneficiaries of preferential treatment and has discussed the counterbalancing likelihood of organizational gain from(properly) employing individuals who already share social connections. Surprisingly, there is minimal mention of spouses or domestic partners. From the 1970s through the 1990s, a number of articles were published on the legal and practical issues of applying antinepotism policies to spouses, but since 2000, the literature has been almost entirely silent. This is surprising given that, in 2013, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 47.4% of U.S. families involve husbands …
Investigating The Relationship Between Social Support And Durable Return To Work, Bruce Watt, Lucas Ford, Rebekah Doley, Sabrina Ong, Richard Hicks, Katarina Fritzon, Tony Cacciola
Investigating The Relationship Between Social Support And Durable Return To Work, Bruce Watt, Lucas Ford, Rebekah Doley, Sabrina Ong, Richard Hicks, Katarina Fritzon, Tony Cacciola
Richard Hicks
The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between social support and durable return to work (RTW) post occupational injury. A total of 1,179 questionnaires were posted to clients previously receiving vocational rehabilitation services from the Return to Work Assist program in Queensland, Australia. Participants were asked to indicate their current RTW status, in addition to completing questionnaires measuring their relationship with their superior, relationships with colleagues, and social support external to the workplace. The statistical analysis included 110 participants. An ANOVA indicated that participants in the RTW group reported significantly better relationships with their superiors and …
Work Motivation, Personality, And Culture: Comparing Australia And India, Trishita Mathew, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Work Motivation, Personality, And Culture: Comparing Australia And India, Trishita Mathew, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Richard Hicks
The influences of motivation and personality in relation to performance have been examined extensively in the research literature, but there has been only limited attention given to the influence of these facets on performance across cultures. There is an increasing use of international resources and alliances aimed at better economic management in many global companies, but more needs to be known about how cultural issues are related to individual motivation, personality and perceptions of performance. Moreover, there are several theories of motivation, but the transferability of these theories to different cultures has been questioned. Thus, a model of motivation, personality …
Exploring Factors That Influence Work Analysis Data: A Meta-Analysis Of Design Choices, Purposes, And Organizational Context, Amy Duvernet, Erich Dierdorff, Mark Wilson
Exploring Factors That Influence Work Analysis Data: A Meta-Analysis Of Design Choices, Purposes, And Organizational Context, Amy Duvernet, Erich Dierdorff, Mark Wilson
Erich C. Dierdorff
Work analysis is fundamental to designing effective human resource systems. The current investigation extends previous research by identifying the differential effects of common design decisions, purposes, and organizational contexts on the data generated by work analyses. The effects of 19 distinct factors that span choices of descriptor, collection method, rating scale, and data source, as well as project purpose and organizational features, are explored. Meta-analytic results cumulated from 205 articles indicate that many of these variables hold significant consequences for work analysis data. Factors pertaining to descriptor choice, collection method, rating scale, and the purpose for conducting the work analysis …
Factors Affecting The Acquisition And Transfer Of Novel Attribute Relationships To New Product Categories, Stewart Shapiro, Mark Spence, Jennifer Gregan-Paxton
Factors Affecting The Acquisition And Transfer Of Novel Attribute Relationships To New Product Categories, Stewart Shapiro, Mark Spence, Jennifer Gregan-Paxton
Mark Spence
This article investigates two factors posited to affect consumers' ability to learn a novel attribute relationship (e.g., "no pesticides → USDA organic symbol") and apply this recently acquired knowledge when making judgments in a new product category. The first factor concerns the nature of the attribute encoding process and, in particular, whether it allows for comparison of examples. The second factor focuses on the relationship between the learning and transfer domains, and examines the influence of perceptual similarity (manipulated two ways: similarity in the elements comprising the attribute relationships, and similarity between the base and target domains) on the transfer …
Human Resource Practices In Hong Kong And Singapore: The Impact Of Political Forces And Imitation Proceses, James Shaw, Paul Kirkbride, Sara Tang, Cynthia Fisher
Human Resource Practices In Hong Kong And Singapore: The Impact Of Political Forces And Imitation Proceses, James Shaw, Paul Kirkbride, Sara Tang, Cynthia Fisher
James B Shaw
This study examined the influence of political forces and imitation processes on HR practices in local and foreign firms in Singapore and Hong Kong. Hong Kong has long practised a policy of positive non-interventionism while Singapore's government has taken a far more interventionist role not only on broad issues of economic policy but on HRM activities as well. Singapore's government has focused heavily on productivity improvement, including the development of incentive pay systems and more effective performance appraisal systems. Singapore firms use more extensive personnel selection procedures and more sophisticated methods of assessing employee performance and determining wage rates. On …
Relocation Attitudes And Adjustment: A Longitudinal Study, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw
Relocation Attitudes And Adjustment: A Longitudinal Study, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw
James B Shaw
This study identified correlates of attitude toward an impending employer-initiated relocation, then followed up by predicting post-transfer attitude and adjustment difficulty in the same sample. Predictors suggested by past research on mobility attitudes (i.e. demographic characteristics and attributes of the pre-move location) were less important in explaining pre-move attitude toward the transfer than were expected attributes of the new location. After the move, experienced aspects of the new location such as role ambiguity, degree of advancement, and community and job satisfaction were the strongest predictors of overall post-move attitude and adjustment difficulty. In many cases, pre-move expectations about attributes of …
Effects Of Temperature, Clothing And Task Complexity On Job Performance And Satisfaction, Stephen Vickroy, James Shaw, Cynthia Fisher
Effects Of Temperature, Clothing And Task Complexity On Job Performance And Satisfaction, Stephen Vickroy, James Shaw, Cynthia Fisher
James B Shaw
Examined the effects of room temperature, clothing, and task complexity on task performance and satisfaction. 120 18-22 yr old male college students worked on either a mathematical problem-solving task or a collating task. Room temperature was maintained at either 65 or 78[PHI] during the task session. Ss were requested to wear either a suit (or sport coat), long sleeve shirt, and tie; or a short-sleeve shirt with no tie. Ss were administered the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results show that Ss wearing appropriate clothing for the temperature conditions showed higher levels of performance and satisfaction with the working condition than did …
Evaluating Organizational Behavior Teaching Innovations: More Rigorous Designs, More Relevant Criteria, And An Example, James Shaw, Cynthia Fisher, Gregory Southey
Evaluating Organizational Behavior Teaching Innovations: More Rigorous Designs, More Relevant Criteria, And An Example, James Shaw, Cynthia Fisher, Gregory Southey
James B Shaw
Evaluations of new methods of teaching Organizational Behavior (OB) usually rely on course ratings collected at the end of the semester. This article discusses the need for more rigorous designs for assessing teaching innovations, and proposes evaluating OB courses on the basis of change in self-ratings of managerial competencies. Self-ratings of managerial competencies and a more sophisticated evaluation design are used to compare the Practical Organizational Behavior Education (PROBE) method to the lecture/tutorial method of delivering of OB material. PROBE produces greater perceived managerial skill learning than lecture/tutorial delivery for females, younger students, students with little work experience, and students …
Problems In Project Groups: An Anticipatory Case Study, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw, Paul Ryder
Problems In Project Groups: An Anticipatory Case Study, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw, Paul Ryder
James B Shaw
No abstract provided.
Organizational And Environmental Factors Related To Hrm Practices In Hong Kong: A Cross-Cultural Expanded Replication, James Shaw, Sara Tang, Cynthia Fisher, Paul Kirkbride
Organizational And Environmental Factors Related To Hrm Practices In Hong Kong: A Cross-Cultural Expanded Replication, James Shaw, Sara Tang, Cynthia Fisher, Paul Kirkbride
James B Shaw
Data were collected from 151 Hong Kong organizations to determine the relationship between culture, firm size, level of unionization and presence of an HRM department, and human resource management (HR) practices. Culture was a relatively weak predictor of HR practices. Existence of an HRM department and level of unionization were moderate predictors while firm size and the existence of a specialized training unit within the HRM department were the strongest predictors of HR practices.
The Availability Of Personal And External Coping Resources: Impacts On Job Stress And Employee Attitudes During Organizational Restructuring, James Shaw, Mitchell Fields, James Thacker, Cynthia Fisher
The Availability Of Personal And External Coping Resources: Impacts On Job Stress And Employee Attitudes During Organizational Restructuring, James Shaw, Mitchell Fields, James Thacker, Cynthia Fisher
James B Shaw
This study examines the relationships among personal coping resources, social support, external coping resources, job stressors and job strains in a sample of 110 American Telephone and Telegraph employees undergoing a major organizational restructuring. The study expanded on a model suggested by Ashford (1988) by defining another category of coping resources that employees may draw upon to deal with the stressors and strains which occur during major organizational changes. External coping resources were defined as those which provided employees with a sense of ‘vicarious control’ in stressful situations. Results indicated that personal coping resources, social support and external coping resources …
Teaching Hrm And Managerial Skills With The "Living Case.", Carol Dickenson, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw, Gregory Southey
Teaching Hrm And Managerial Skills With The "Living Case.", Carol Dickenson, Cynthia Fisher, James Shaw, Gregory Southey
James B Shaw
The purpose of this paper is to describe and evaluate an innovative approach to teaching human resource management. The approach involves students working in small groups on a semester-long project in the form of an ongoing case-study (hereafter called the living case). After setting up a simulated organization complete with identification of strategies, structure and culture, students are required to make and defend a series of HR decisions in which they apply theory and classroom learning about HRM to their ‘real’ organization. The approach emphasizes the context of HRM decisions and helps to develop a range of both HR specific …
Decelerating The Diminishing Returns Of Citizenship On Task Performance: The Role Of Social Context And Interpersonal Skill, Kemp Ellington, Erich Dierdorff, Robert Rubin
Decelerating The Diminishing Returns Of Citizenship On Task Performance: The Role Of Social Context And Interpersonal Skill, Kemp Ellington, Erich Dierdorff, Robert Rubin
Erich C. Dierdorff
Recent scholarship on citizenship behavior demonstrates that engaging too often in these behaviors comes at the expense of task performance. In order to examine the boundary conditions of this relationship, we used resource allocation and social exchange theories to build predictions regarding moderators of the curvilinear association between citizenship and task performance. In a field study of 366 employees, we examined the relationship between the frequency of interpersonal helping behavior and task performance, and tested for the moderating influences of three social context features (social density, interdependence, and social support) and of employees’ levels of interpersonal skill. Results provided corroborating …
Individual Learning In Team Training: Self-Regulation And Team Context Effects, Kemp Ellington, Erich Dierdorff
Individual Learning In Team Training: Self-Regulation And Team Context Effects, Kemp Ellington, Erich Dierdorff
Erich C. Dierdorff
Although many analysts recognize that team-level learning is reliant on the acquisition of learning content by individuals, very little research has examined individual-level learning during team training. In a sample of 70 teams (N = 380) that participated in a simulation-based team training setting designed to teach strategic decision-making, we examined how self-regulation during team training influenced the extent to which team members subsequently demonstrated individual mastery of the team training content. We also investigated the extent to which team characteristics moderated the relationships between self-regulation and learning outcomes. Multilevel mediation results indicated that self-efficacy fully mediated the effects of …
Measuring The Community In Online Classes, Beth Rubin, Ron Fernandes
Measuring The Community In Online Classes, Beth Rubin, Ron Fernandes
Beth Rubin
The paper proposes both theoretical and empirical approaches to differentiate the Community of Inquiry (CoI) in online classes at individual and group levels. Following the example of research on organizational climate, it assesses the strength of shared perceptions of teaching presence, social presence and cognitive presence. The paper develops a theory of composition that relates isomorphic constructs of these presences at the individual and the class levels. Hypotheses are made about the agreement among students on the survey that is used to measure individual perceptions of the three presences of the CoI. These are tested through a set of statistics …
A Multimodal Approach To Assessment Of Malingered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Initial Validation Study Of A New Australian Instrument, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
A Multimodal Approach To Assessment Of Malingered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Initial Validation Study Of A New Australian Instrument, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
No abstract provided.
Stakeholder Perceptions Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Stakeholder Perceptions Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Mark Bahr
Good reputation management is becoming increasingly important as organisations and the social environments in which they function become more complex (Caruana, 2000; Bromley, 1993; Fryxell, 1994; Fombrun, 1996, 1998). Organisations are being evaluated by far more demanding standards than in the past, and are increasingly being held responsible for their environmental, social and ethical decisions as well as their economic decisions (Backer, 2001; Hanson, 2001; Inglehart, 1997; Pruzan, 2001; Schultz, 2001; Burke, 1999; Inglehart, 1994). Mishandled social, ethical and environmental issues can have dire consequences for corporate reputation. Well known and well documented examples include the Royal Dutch/Shell Brent Spar …
What We Think Affects How We Behave: The Relationship Between Beliefs And Practice In Psychologists' Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
What We Think Affects How We Behave: The Relationship Between Beliefs And Practice In Psychologists' Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
Malingering is the deliberate fabrication or gross exaggeration of symptoms in order to gain a specific outcome. Whilst the definition of this form of deception has remained relatively unchanged for over a century, the reasons that some individuals engage in malingering is less clear. Whilst several explanatory models of malingering were proposed by Rogers (1990) nearly 20 years ago, the relationship between psychologists’ beliefs about malingering and their assessment practice has yet to be explored. The current paper presents data from a recent Australian study, which explored differences in Australian psychologists’ beliefs about malingering and the influence of such beliefs …
Role Of Assertiveness In Telephone Crisis Supporter Well-Being And Service Provision, Coralie J. Wilson
Role Of Assertiveness In Telephone Crisis Supporter Well-Being And Service Provision, Coralie J. Wilson
Coralie J Wilson
Help-negation (reluctance to seek help as distress levels increase) occurs among Telephone Crisis Supporters (TCSs) who are exposed to suicidal, depressed and anxious callers, and impacts both personal wellbeing and TCSs intention to use recommended skills with callers (Kitchingman, Wilson, Caputi, Woodward, 2013). Assertiveness is a key clinical skill that facilitates the capacity to effectively and confidently deliver telephone crisis support. Due to the highly specific nature of the telephone counselling context, TCSs face challenges in communicating assertively and establishing of boundaries which are important in effective service provision and the maintenance of counsellor-wellbeing. This paper presents results of two …
The Consequences Of Educational Specialty And Nationality Faultlines For Project Teams, Yuan Jiang, Susan Jackson, James Shaw, Yunhyung Chung
The Consequences Of Educational Specialty And Nationality Faultlines For Project Teams, Yuan Jiang, Susan Jackson, James Shaw, Yunhyung Chung
James B Shaw
Using a sample of 162 R&D teams, we investigated the influence of HRM systems for knowledge intensive teamwork on external team knowledge acquisition and internal team knowledge sharing. This study also examined the interactive effect of HRM systems and knowledge tacitness and the combined influence of HRM systems and empowering leadership. HRM systems for knowledge-intensive teamwork were positively associated with team knowledge acquisition and team knowledge sharing. Knowledge tacitness moderated the HRM–knowledge acquisition relationship, reducing the influence of HRM systems. Further, empowering leadership appeared to substitute for the effect of HRM systems. Our findings suggest that an integration of strategic …
The Effects Of Technology On The Community Of Inquiry And Satisfaction With Online Courses, Beth Rubin, Ron Fernandes, Maria Avgerinou
The Effects Of Technology On The Community Of Inquiry And Satisfaction With Online Courses, Beth Rubin, Ron Fernandes, Maria Avgerinou
Beth Rubin
This paper extends the research on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework of understanding features of successful online learning to include the effects of the software used to support and facilitate it. This study examines how the Learning Management System (LMS) affords people the ability to take actions in an online course. A model is proposed to explain the effect of LMS affordances on the Community of Inquiry and on course satisfaction, and propose and test several hypotheses about their relationships. A pilot study found that while two common Learning Management Systems had different tools, faculty varied widely in their …
Boundaries Of Citizenship Behavior: Curvilinearity And Context In The Citizenship And Task Performance Relationship, Robert Rubin, Erich Dierdorff, Daniel Bachrach
Boundaries Of Citizenship Behavior: Curvilinearity And Context In The Citizenship And Task Performance Relationship, Robert Rubin, Erich Dierdorff, Daniel Bachrach
Erich C. Dierdorff
Resource allocation, attentional capacity, and role theories all suggest that the well-documented linear relationship between citizenship behavior and task performance may be more complex than previously believed. In a study of 352 incumbents, we develop hypotheses that propose a curvilinear effect of employee citizenship on task performance. We further argue that this nonmonotonic relationship is different across the targets of citizenship performance and is moderated by several factors from the task context. Results support the curvilinear assertion, indicating that the relationship with task performance inflects when citizenship is more frequently performed. These diminishing returns are amplified when the target of …
Building A Better Mba: From A Decade Of Critique Toward A Decennium Of Creation, Robert Rubin, Erich Dierdorff
Building A Better Mba: From A Decade Of Critique Toward A Decennium Of Creation, Robert Rubin, Erich Dierdorff
Erich C. Dierdorff
During the past 10 years AMLE has made significant progress toward fulfilling its central mission of stimulating discourse within the field of management learning and education. Indeed, AMLE has become a reliable source of insightful scholarship regarding management education in general. The journal has also become an important platform for more specific scholarship directed toward the masters in business administration (MBA) degree and degree programs. Given the centrality of MBA programs in business schools and the substantial literature that has emerged on the topic within AMLE, we review this body of work to identify the broad topics and problems that …
Getting What The Occupation Gives: Exploring Multilevel Links Between Work Design And Occupational Values, Erich Dierdorff, Frederick Morgeson
Getting What The Occupation Gives: Exploring Multilevel Links Between Work Design And Occupational Values, Erich Dierdorff, Frederick Morgeson
Erich C. Dierdorff
The history of work design research is voluminous and compelling. Thousands of studies have demonstrated the wide-reaching and powerful impact the design of work can have on a host of meaningful outcomes. Yet, absent in much of this research is an explicit consideration of the context within which work is performed and how this context might impact work design. Drawing from the Theory of Work Adjustment, we describe the different ways in which occupations are linked to work design. In a sample of 805 individuals from 230 occupations, our multilevel examinations show the occupational-level values of Achievement, Independence, Altruism, Status, …
Maybe It’S Right, Maybe It’S Wrong: Structural And Social Determinants Of Deception In Negotiation, Mara Olekalns
Maybe It’S Right, Maybe It’S Wrong: Structural And Social Determinants Of Deception In Negotiation, Mara Olekalns
Mara Olekalns
Context shapes negotiators’ actions, including their willingness to act unethically. Focusing on negotiators use of deception, we used a simulated two-party negotiation to test how three contextual variables - regulatory focus, power, and trustworthiness - interacted to shift negotiators’ ethical thresholds. We demonstrated that these three variables interact to either inhibit or activate deception, providing support for an interactionist model of ethical decision-making. Three patterns emerged from our analyses. First, low power inhibited and high power activated deception. Second, promotion-focused negotiators favored sins of omission whereas prevention-focused negotiators favored sins of commission. Third, low cognition-based trust influenced deception when negotiators …
Accommodation Motivation Moderates Group-Level Dissonance In Persuasion And Small Group Settings, Angela K.-Y. Leung, Evelyn Wing-Mun Au, Chi-Yue Chiu
Accommodation Motivation Moderates Group-Level Dissonance In Persuasion And Small Group Settings, Angela K.-Y. Leung, Evelyn Wing-Mun Au, Chi-Yue Chiu
Ka Yee Angela LEUNG
No abstract provided.
Workforce Diversity And Creativity: A Multiple Level Model, J. Han, Si-Qing Peng, Chi-Yue Chiu, Angela K.-Y. Leung
Workforce Diversity And Creativity: A Multiple Level Model, J. Han, Si-Qing Peng, Chi-Yue Chiu, Angela K.-Y. Leung
Ka Yee Angela LEUNG
No abstract provided.