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Articles 31 - 47 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Bubble Nucleation And Cooperativity In Duplex Stretching Of A Helicoidal Dna Model, Pawan Kumar Thapaliya
Bubble Nucleation And Cooperativity In Duplex Stretching Of A Helicoidal Dna Model, Pawan Kumar Thapaliya
Theses and Dissertations
Denaturation of DNA means separation of dsDNA into ssDNA due to the breaking of hydrogen bond by the application of heat or another mechanical method to carry out the processes like translation,transcription, and replication. Single-molecule DNA stretching experiments displayed a force-induced transition at a force of 65pN for long dsDNA molecules. In these experiments, double stranded DNA molecules are stretched by a force applied to opposite ends of the DNA, e.g., in anatomic force microscope or an optical tweezers instrument. Here we study the thermal and force-induced denaturation of the helicoidal DNA bubble-in-the middle sequence by Monte-Carlo simulations technique. We …
Object Enhancement, Noise Reduction, Conversion And Collection Of Spatiotemporal Image Data, Michael Izaguirre Jr.
Object Enhancement, Noise Reduction, Conversion And Collection Of Spatiotemporal Image Data, Michael Izaguirre Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
In this report, a variety of cellular dynamics are enhanced and analyzed utilizing various algorithms and filter for contrast enhancement. This report will also illustrate the underlying complexities of processing compressed data received from certain type of sensors, their default applications, various methods in converting compressed data to compatible universal uncompressed formats allowed in scientific applications, various methods of image and video capture, guidelines in ethical image manipulation, various methods of frame extraction, and analyzing/processing video images. These methods and processes purposely utilize freeware and public domain software to lower the cost of reproducibility for all.
High-Powered Led Assembly As Replacement For Conventional Hbo Lamps In High Resolution, High Magnification Microscopy System, Christian Y. Miranda Solis
High-Powered Led Assembly As Replacement For Conventional Hbo Lamps In High Resolution, High Magnification Microscopy System, Christian Y. Miranda Solis
Theses and Dissertations
Through decades, fluorescence microscopy has relied on mercury vapor lamps as its main light source due to their high power, broad spectrum, and bright bands generated. The use of mercury vapor lamps has remained fundamentally associated with the required lighting equipment of research laboratories. However, as time progresses, mercury vapor lamps have been slowly replaced with technologies that offered longer lifetimes, less hazardous waste, and output light at similar intensities. LED technology has been actively used in biological research, but was limited by price, lower intensities, and stability. The recent development of LED technology has allowed for further understanding and …
Studying Mechanical And Structural Properties Of Β-Lg And Β-Cn Fibrils Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Hugo A. Villar
Studying Mechanical And Structural Properties Of Β-Lg And Β-Cn Fibrils Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Hugo A. Villar
Theses and Dissertations
Amyloid fibrils from milk proteins have recently been the subject of extensive investigations in biophysics. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the dynamics of fibrillation and the mechanical properties of β-LG and β-CN fibers using AFM-Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (QNM) and AFM-force spectroscopy. β-LG required one day of heating at 80 °C , pH 2 to fibrillate in solution; β-CN required three days. Using the AFM-QNM mode an average elastic modulus of 4.3 GPa was determined for the β-LG fibers and 3.1 GPa for β-casein fibers. A persistence length of 920 nm was determined using end to end distance …
Design And Characterization Of An Affordable Laser Communication System, Andrea Tellez
Design And Characterization Of An Affordable Laser Communication System, Andrea Tellez
Theses and Dissertations
Over the last decades, an exponential growth in communication demand has been observed. Radio Frequency (RF) band has been one of the most used bandwidths for data transmission in the world. Given the influence and the continuous growth of communication technology, the RF spectrum is overpopulated. More efficient systems are necessary to meet the communication needs of this generation. A change to optical bandwidth is the most practical alternative to deal with the congestion of radio frequency.
The aim of this thesis is to present the features of Free Space Optical links with off-the-shelf components. A description of how these …
Magnetic Polymer Composite As A Thermosensitive Agent For Induced Hyperthermia, Nareg Ohannesian
Magnetic Polymer Composite As A Thermosensitive Agent For Induced Hyperthermia, Nareg Ohannesian
Theses and Dissertations
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) - magnetite (Fe3O4) blended compounds were produced by high speed vibration milling of PEEK-Fe 3O4 powders exposed to hexane and heated to the melting point (~350 °C) to form the homogeneous magnetic polymer composite, which provided a uniform dispersion of magnetite with low agglomerations in the polymer matrix. Polymer composite with 10 wt.% of magnetite displayed a magnetic saturation of 8 emu/g, tensile strength of 60 MPa and Young’s modulus of 4.4 GPa. Biotoxicity assessment was conducted via in vitro assay. The composite did not induce any adverse reactions, permitting use in medical applications. This study develops analytical …
Design And Development Of Inquiry-Based Materials For Conducting Observational Astronomy Research At Utrgv, Americo Francisco Hinojosa Lee
Design And Development Of Inquiry-Based Materials For Conducting Observational Astronomy Research At Utrgv, Americo Francisco Hinojosa Lee
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this work is to develop instructional materials to enhance the expertise of students in conducting observational astronomy research. The designed instructional units aim to provide students with an adequate knowledge of astronomy and hone their skills necessary in conducting observations, collecting and analyzing data including processing of astronomical images.
The instructional design is anchored on the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate). The phases from ADDIE were used as a framework to accomplish the process of developing the instructional materials. After following the ADDIE, it was possible to define performance goals and tasks which were …
Carbon Nanotube Yarn Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells With Enhanced Electron/Hole Pair Recombination Prevention Characteristics, Glenn E. Grissom
Carbon Nanotube Yarn Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells With Enhanced Electron/Hole Pair Recombination Prevention Characteristics, Glenn E. Grissom
Theses and Dissertations
Carbon nanotube yarn based solar cells (CNTYSCs) show promise in a variety of applications such as military and smart fabrics. We use a highly aligned and interwoven Carbon nanotube yarn (CNTY) for the working electrode (WE) and counter electrode (CE), to create a flexible super strong, conductive, and photo active surface for the support of a calcined TiO2 nano-solution and macro-solution deposition as a base for added functionalizations of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) that is able to maintain its flexibility and integrity. The CNT fiber based solar cells have power conversion ability that is independent of the direction of …
Nanoenergetic Gas Generators Based On Metal Hydroxides, Srbuhi Yolchinyan
Nanoenergetic Gas Generators Based On Metal Hydroxides, Srbuhi Yolchinyan
Theses and Dissertations
The metal oxide based nano thermites have been studied extensively, yet another closely related systems based on metal hydroxides were surprisingly overlooked. For the first time, the thermodynamic calculations using HSC Chemistry-7 and Thermo software, were performed for a collection of 22 novel nano-thermite systems based on aluminum and metal hydroxides, and four representative systems based on bismuth, copper, cerium and nickel hydroxides were characterized using differential scanning calorimeter, scanning electron microscope, and pressure discharge dynamic evaluation. The strongest performance was recorded in Al-Bi(OH)3 system with about 4.9 MPa peak pressure for 0.2 g charge mass. Bismuth oxide and hydroxide …
Development Of An Innovative Observational Astronomy Class For High School Students In Collaboration With The University Of Texas/Rio Grande Valley, Alan W. Hendrick
Development Of An Innovative Observational Astronomy Class For High School Students In Collaboration With The University Of Texas/Rio Grande Valley, Alan W. Hendrick
Theses and Dissertations
The vision presented by the National Academy of Science Standards is for all students to spend more time ‘doing’ science in order to develop science literacy and be better prepared not only for college but also in understanding and participation in global current events. A course in observational Astronomy is just that, an opportunity for student to “do ‘science by collaborating with actual scientists in real research. The course follows a path in which students learn foundational knowledge and apply this knowledge to complete a successful celestial observation, interpreting the results by making inferences and predictions. This paper begins with …
Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Dna Duplex Stretching, Ramin Salimi
Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Dna Duplex Stretching, Ramin Salimi
Theses and Dissertations
Single-molecule DNA stretching experiments is a an extremely rigorous method to investigate mechanical properties of DNA and how DNA molecule binding to proteins, and other small molecules works. In these experiments, double-stranded DNA molecules are stretched by a force applied to opposite ends of the DNA, e.g., in an atomic force microscope or an optical tweezers instrument. Here we study the stretching behavior of the DNA duplex d(CGCAAAAAAGCG) 2 by molecular dynamics simulations. In particular, we calculate the change in free energy ∆F = ∆U − T ∆S as the DNA duplex is stretched. We seek to show that employing …
Biocidal Defeat Agents Produced By Silver-Iodine Nanoenergetic Gas Generators, Ivan Davila
Biocidal Defeat Agents Produced By Silver-Iodine Nanoenergetic Gas Generators, Ivan Davila
Theses and Dissertations
Nanostructured aluminum (Al), iodine pentoxide (I2O5) nano-rods, and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles, (Al-I2O5-Ag 2O) were used to compose the ternary thermite composition that serves as a Nanoenergetic Gas Generator (NGG). This composition produces biocidal gases giving the mixture the ability to destroy highly pathogenic microorganisms or bacteria. The dissemination of the biocidal gas in combustion chamber was observed using a high-speed camera. The testing of NGG combustion process against the living Escherichia coli (E.coli) K-12 strain cells, that were cultivated/placed on the sample/chamber surfaces, demonstrated that iodine and silver atoms clouds were deposited to the bacteria surface. The 10/75/15 wt …
Thermal Consolidation Of Dredge Sand For Artificial Reef Formations, Alexandro Trevino
Thermal Consolidation Of Dredge Sand For Artificial Reef Formations, Alexandro Trevino
Theses and Dissertations
Coral Reef ecosystems have degraded over years due to a variety of environmental issues such as ocean acidification. The continuous stress has detrimental effects on coral reef ecosystems that can possibly lead to the loss of the ecosystem. Our research aims to construct a prototype of an artificial reef by consolidating dredge sand from the ship channels of South Texas. Consolidation is achieved through an aluminum polytetrafluoroethylene self-propagating high temperature process that yields a solid formation to mimic the physical properties of coral reef structures. Using thermodynamic calculations, the variation of initial components was determined that reached an adiabatic temperature …
Optical Method For High Magnification Imaging And Video Recording Of Live Cells At Sub-Micron Resolution, Jaime E. Romo Jr.
Optical Method For High Magnification Imaging And Video Recording Of Live Cells At Sub-Micron Resolution, Jaime E. Romo Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Optical microscopy, the most common technique for viewing living microorganisms, is limited in resolution by Abbe’s criterion. Recent microscopy techniques focus on circumnavigating the light diffraction limit by using different methods to obtain the topography of the sample. Systems like the AFM and SEM provide images with fields of view in the nanometer range with high resolvable detail, however these techniques are expensive, and limited in their ability to document live cells. The Dino-Lite digital microscope coupled with the Zeiss Axiovert 25 CFL microscope delivers a cost-effective method for recording live cells. Fields of view ranging from 8 microns to …
Does Lowest Order Perturbation Of Λ Affect Ligo Detection?, Shuang Liang
Does Lowest Order Perturbation Of Λ Affect Ligo Detection?, Shuang Liang
Theses and Dissertations
Gravitational waves under the effect of a positive Cosmological Constant Λ has been a long time puzzle. To date, the full wave solution is still under construction, while attempts have been made to solve the linearized equations. We present a detailed derivative of the linearized Einstein’s Equations in a covariant manner, then solve for a lowest order perturbation in Λ. Results suggest that the Cosmological Constant has a large contribution to the phase of gravitational waves, which might be detectable.
Development Of A Phased Array Using Lnbs With Non-Synchronized Clocks, James I. Murray
Development Of A Phased Array Using Lnbs With Non-Synchronized Clocks, James I. Murray
Theses and Dissertations
A passive phased array is an array of antennas in which the phases of the signals on each element are controlled to be added to form a spatial beam. The advantage is that one can steer the beam without physically moving the constituent elements as well as create multiple beams on the sky simultaneously. This has application in the field of satellite and spacecraft communications where there is expected to be a large increase in satellite volume due to the increasing access to space. Traditional phased arrays can become costly to synchronize at satellite down-link frequencies, therefore we have built …
First Astrophysical Observations With The Low Frequency All Sky Monitor, Emma Youmans Handzo
First Astrophysical Observations With The Low Frequency All Sky Monitor, Emma Youmans Handzo
Theses and Dissertations
The Low Frequency All Sky Monitor (LoFASM) is a radio telescope that consists of dipole antennas. It is sensitive to the frequencies of 10-88MHz. The primary science goals of LoFASM are to detect and study low frequency radio transient events and to develop and test low frequency interference (RFI) mitigation techniques.
Once a telescope starts collecting data, it is necessary to calibrate the telescope to convert the data into standard units. This will allow for scientific deductions to be made from the data. Once the calibration of a telescope is complete it is necessary to determine what astrophysical sources are …