Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Seasat Sar Test Of The Virginian Sea Wave Climate Model, John C. Munday Jr., Christopher S. Welch, George R. Mapp

Reports

Coastal wave refraction imaged by the Seasat Synthetic Aperture Radar is compared to simulations produced by the Virginian Sea Wave Climate Model. Seasat SAR passes 974 at Cape Hatteras, and 974 and 1404 at Long Island, were examined using OFT and ZTS methods. Results generally confirm the validity of linear wave theory in modeling of shallow-water wave refraction --roughly half the deviations between VSWCM and SAR data for direction and wavelength are within 2 degrees and 10 meters. Convergence of wave orthogonals is found in predicted caustic regions. Available bathymetric data were adequate for the analysis. Some details in the …

The Biogenic Structure Of Lower Chesapeake Bay Sediments : Epa Chesapeake Bay Program Final Report, Karl J. Nilsen, Robert J. Diaz, Linda C. Schaffner, Donald F. Boesch, Rodney Bertelsen, Michel Kravitz

Reports

No abstract provided.

Study To Investigate Source And Transport Route Of Marine Organisms (Hydroids And Bryozoans) In Hampton Roads And Current Velocity Profiles Of The Pier 12 Area, Naval Station, Norfolk, Virginia, Robert J. Diaz, Evon P. Ruzecki

Reports

Entrainment of the hydroid (Sertularia argentea) and the fleshly bryozoan (Alcyonidium verrilli) in the sea suction of deep draft naval vessels (carriers) in the area of the Norfolk Naval station has been a recurring problem since the early 60's. These fouling organisms (the term fouling is used in this report to indicate clogging of hull bottom intake grates and cooling system condenser tube sheets and not the growth of organisms on any part of the vessel) are winter species, growing only in the fall and winter and not the summer. Unfortunately they are also the most abundant and widely distributed …

Relationship Between The Chesapeake Bay Blue Crab And Its Climatological Environment : Oceanographic And Atmospheric Data, Robert E. Harris Jr., Willard A. Van Engel

Reports

Monthly and annual means of 38 oceanographic and atmospheric variables, for the calendar years 1958 through 1975, are presented in tables.

Historical Shoreline Changes And Wave Refraction Analysis, Smith Island, Chesapeake Bay : Final Report, Victor Goldsmith, Caroline H. Sutton, Kevin Kiley

Reports

The objective of this study was to develop wave and sediment transport estimates (based on wave refraction analysis and historical shoreline change analysis) for the western shoreline of the Chesapeake Bay Smith Island area.

Elizabeth River Surface Circulation Atlas, John C. Munday Jr., Hayden H. Gordon, Charles J. Alston

Reports

The Elizabeth River Surface Circulation Atlas is a compendium of maps which detail the surface circulation throughout the main branch of the Elizabeth River, in the port of Hampton Roads, Virginia. Data for the Atlas maps were obtained directly from field experiments using Remote Sensing and dye-emitting low-windage surface drogues. The maps show surface Lagrangian trajectories under various combinations of wind and tide. The Atlas is not intended to duplicate NOAA tidal current tables, but rather to supplement the tables with empirical trajectory data at increased spatial resolution. Knowledge of surface currents under different tide and wind conditions enables a …

Vims-Blm Second Order Wave Climate Model And Wave Climatology Of Baltimore Canyon Trough Shelf Area, Victor Goldsmith

Reports

The Wave Climate Model of the Baltimore Canyon Trough Shelf area encompassing the designated lease blocks was extended, refined, and comparisons made with real wave data, as part of this year's contract (Figures 15-la and 15-lb). This modified model w.as produced to refine the 1975 model so that more definitive statements and interpretations could be concluded, based on more detailed data, in the evaluation of the baseline data. A set of computer-generated graphics utilizing a greater depth data point density (0.25 NM), to al.low site-specific evaluation of conditions within the lease block area, were produced.

On Basin Hypsometry And The Morphodynamic Response Of Coastal Inlet Systems, John D. Boon Iii, Robert J. Byrne

Reports

The exchange of water and entrained material between coastal basins and the inner continental shelf reduces to the problem of polarized transport (flood+, ebb-) in the conveyance channels routing flow through a coastal inlet. Here the net long-term movement of materials is largely a function of the fluid velocity and discharge~ variables whose time history at-a-station contains both periodic and aperiodic elements. In this paper the importance of the major periodic elements in coastal inlet flows and their potential contribution to the net transport of bedload materials is discussed.

Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Volume Ii-C: Chemical And Biological Benchmark Studies, E. M. Burreson, D. F. Boesch, B. L. Laird

Reports

The Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies is comprised of three volumes.

• Volume I. Executive Summary.
• Volume IIA, IIB, IIC and IID. Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies.
• Volume III. Geologic Studies.

This is the third of four sections of the Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies

• CHAPTER 9. COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND FOOD HABITS OF FISHES by George R. Sedberry, Eric J. Foell and John A. Musick
• CHAPTER 10. HISTORICAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF FINFISHES by John A. Musick, James A. Colvocoresses and Eric J. Foell
• CHAPTER 11. BACTERIOLOGY by Howard J. Kator

Chapters of …

Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Volume Iii: Geologic Studies, Harley J. Knebel, Et Al

Reports

The Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies is comprised of three volumes.

• Volume I. Executive Summary.
• Volume IIA, IIB, IIC and IID. Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies.
• Volume III. Geologic Studies.

This third volume in the study contains the following:

• CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION by Harley J. Knebel
• CHAPTER 2. BOTTOM CURRENTS AND BOTTOM SEDIMENT MOBILITY IN THE OFFSHORE MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT, 1976-1977 by Bradford Butman and Marlene Noble
• CHAPTER 3. SESTON IN MIDDLE ATLANTIC SHELF AND SLOPE WATERS 1976-1977 by John D. Milliman, Michael H. Bothner, and Carol M. Parmenter
• CHAPTER 4. SUBMERSIBLE OBSERVATIONS …

On Basin Hyposmetry And The Morphodynamic Response Of Coastal Inlet Systems, John Boon, Robert J. Byrne

Reports

The exchange of water and entrained material between coastal basins and the inner continental shelf reduces to the problem of polarized transport (flood +, ebb —) in the conveyance channels routing flow through a coastal inlet. Here the net long-term movement of materials is largely a function of the fluid velocity and discharge — variables whose time history at-a-station contains both periodic and aperiodic elements. In this paper the importance of the major periodic elements in coastal inlet flows and their potential contribution to the net transport of bedload materials is discussed.

Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Volume Ii-A. Chemical And Biological Benchmark Studies, E. M. Burrreson, D. F. Boesch, B. L. Laird

Reports

The Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies is comprised of three volumes.

• Volume I. Executive Summary.
• Volume IIA, IIB, IIC and IID. Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies.
• Volume III. Geologic Studies.

This is the first of four sections of the Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies

• CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION by E. M. Burreson
• CHAPTER 2. BENCHMARK STUDIES by Donald F. Boesch, William D. Athearn, and John G. Brokaw
• CHAPTER 3. PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND CLIMATOLOGY by C. S. Welch and E. P. Ruzecki
• CHAPTER 4. MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT ZOOPLANKTON: SECOND YEAR RESULTS AND A DISCUSSION OF …

Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Volume Ii-B: Chemical And Biological Benchmark Studies, E. M. Burreson, D. F. Boesch, B. L. Laird

Reports

The Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies is comprised of three volumes.

• Volume I. Executive Summary.
• Volume IIA, IIB, IIC and IID. Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies.
• Volume III. Geologic Studies.

This is the second of four sections of the Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies

• CHAPTER 5. BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AND SEDIMENTARY FRAMEWORK by Donald .F. Boesch
• CHAPTER 6. BENTHIC ECOLOGICAL STUDIES: MACROBENTHOS by Donald F. Boesch
• CHAPTER 7. BENTHIC ECOLOGICAL STUDIES: MEIOBENTHOS by D.J. Hartzband and Donald F. Boesch
• CHAPTER 8. BENTHIC ECOLOGICAL STUDIES: FORAMINIFERA by Robert L. Ellison

Chapters of this report contain …

Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Volume Ii-D: Chemical And Biological Benchmark Studies, E. M. Burreson, D. F. Boesch, B. L. Laird

Reports

The Middle Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies is comprised of three volumes.

• Volume I. Executive Summary.
• Volume IIA, IIB, IIC and IID. Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies.
• Volume III. Geologic Studies.

This is the fourth of four sections of the Chemical and Biological Benchmark Studies

• CHAPTER 12. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES by Craig Ruddell
• CHAPTER 13. TRACE METALS by Richard L. Harris, Raj Jolly, George Grant, and Robert Huggett
• CHAPTER 14. HYDROCARBONS by C. L. Smith, C. W. Su, W. G. Macintyre, R. H. Bieri, and M. Kent Cueman
• CHAPTER 15. VIMS-BLM SECOND ORDER WAVE CLIMATE …

Operation Hiflow '78, Rappahannock River Estuary, Virginia, March-April 1978 : An Investigation Of Sediment Influx And Hydrodynamics, Institutions Of The Chesapeake Research Consortium And Sea Grant Programs

Reports

The prime purposes of HIFLOW 78 are to determine: 1. The response of an estuarine system to high river inflow and influx of suspended sediment. 2. The hydrodynamic interactions between a major tributary estuary and the main body of the Chesapeake Bay.

Baltimore Harbor And Channels : Surface Sediments In Virginia Channels, Robert J. Byrne, Robert J. Huggett

Reports

Bottom surface sediment samples in the Virginia Channels portion of the Baltimore Harbor and Channels Project and the four specified disposal sites were obtained and chemically analysed in accordance with DAC W31-78-C-0038. In addition, chemical analyses were performed on 15 sediment samples delivered to us from Maryland.

In total, 90 stations were occupied in Virginia Channels and the four proposed disposal sites for bottom surface sediments for bulk chemical analyses. Samples from the Maryland Channels were supplied by the Maryland Geological Survey. -

Kepone In Bed Sediments Of The James River Estuary, Richard C. Trotman, Maynard N. Nichols

Reports

This report describes procedures and presents data concerning the concentrations of Kepone in bed sediments of the James River estuary, Virginia.

Beach Erosion And Accretion At Virginia Beach, Victor Goldsmith, Susan C. Strum, George R. Thomas, Coastal Engineering Research Center (U. S. )

Reports

This report is published to provide coastal engineers with a description of beach erosion and accretion at Virginia Beach, Virginia, including the effect of continuing beach replenishment, and the apparent unimportance of land use in determining erosion. This report also provides bench-mark data on coastal processes at the shore north of the CERC Field Research Facility at Duck, North Carolina. The work was carried out under the beach evaluation program of the U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC).

Recent History And Response Characteristics Of Wachapreague Inlet, Virginia : Final Report, Robert J. Byrne, Joseph T. Dealteris, Jerome P. Sovich

Reports

Wachapreague Inlet, a large downdrift offset inlet in the barrier island complex of the mid-Atlantic coast (Delmarva peninsula), was studied during the period 1971-1974. The inlet channel width is bout 500 m and the throat cross-sectional is about 4,500 m2 • The inlet channel is about 3 km in length, approximately one-half of which is within the well-developed horseshoe shaped ebb delta complex. The maximum channel depth is 20 rn which occurs at the throat. Elements of the study included: (1) the inlet morphornetric history (120 years), (2) assessment of surficial and sub-bottom sediments within the inlet complex, (3) determination …

A Prototype Lagrangian Current Buoy Using The Carrier Plus Sideband (Csb) Retransmission Of Omega Navigation Symbols, Donald L. Baker, Christian S. Welch

Reports

As part of the continental shelf investigations of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) , electronics were developed and tested to track an ocean-current-following (Lagrangian) buoy by the retransmission of Omega navigation signals to a shore station using medium frequency (2 . 398 MHz) ground wave propagation and equal-carrier-upper-sideband modulation . The buoy electronics include sharp clipping and filtering for noise reduction and Omega signal equalization . The carrier and upper sideband are transmitted with equal power to maintain the relative phases of separate Omega station signals on demodulation. The base station is a 2.4 MHz receiver/demodulator feeding a …

Salinity And Temperature Monitoring System Data For The Lower Rappahannock River Estuary, 1972-1974, G. C. Parker, C. S. Fang

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) installed two remote monitoring stations in the lower reaches of the Rappahannock River to obtain continuous temperature and salinity measurements near the surface and the bottom. The first station was installed at the base of a concrete support of the Rappahannock River (Norris) Bridge, near the mouth of the, river (Figure 1). The second station was installed on the base of Navigation Aid Tower Number 9 just off of Smokey Point, roughly 11 nautical miles upstream from the Norris Bridge. Each station consisted of two salinity and t«~perature probes, one located 6 feet …

A Surface Circulation Study In Middle Elizabeth River, Ching Seng Fang, Christopher S . Welch, Hayden H. Gordon

Reports

A new oil refinery has been proposed to be located in Portsmouth, Virginia south of the Hampton Roads area. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science was asked by NUS Corporation to conduct a surface circulation study to assemble the characteristics of the flow near Lambert Point on the Elizabeth River (Figure 3.1).

This report includes a review of the previous work in the area, a description of the particular experiments performed, and an interpretation of the data in terms of surface circulation. Several small oil slicks were incidentally observed during the experiments and their behavior has been discussed in relation …

Skylab Mss Vs. Photography For Estuarine Water Color Classification, Hayden H. Gordon, Maynard M. Nichols

Reports

On September 12, 1973 at 12:09 EST, the Skylab III satellite passed over the Chesapeake Bay and sensed energy containing information about a large section of the estuary. On the same day scientists from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science simultaneously gathered data in the Rappahannock River, a tributary of the Bay, to determine the physical characteristics of the surface water.

Report On Environmental Effects Of The Second Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel Construction : Sediment Distributions And Bottom Characteristic, John D. Boon, George R. Thomas

Reports

Geological observations over a two year period July-December 1973 and January-November 1974.

Suspended Sediments Near Pier 12 Norfolk Navy Base On 26 June And 15 September, 1973, Evon P. Ruzecki, R. Ayres

Reports

Results of two suspended sediment studies near Norfolk Navy Base Pier 12 are given. The studies were conducted during one tidal cycle on both 26 June and 15 September 1973. The following parameters were measured at five stations in the vicinity of the pier: suspended sediment water temperature, salinity and density current speed and direction iv

A Socio-Economic Environmental Baseline Summary For The South Atlantic Region Between Cape Hatteras, North Carolina And Cape Canaveral, Florida Volume Iv: Geological Oceanography, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

The geographic area covered in this report extends from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, on the north, to Cape Canaveral, Florida, to the south. Included within this area are portions of the coastal areas of South Carolina and Georgia. All or portions of thirty coastal counties are included within the study area.

• Chapter 1 - Introduction
• Chapter 2 - Coastal Plain-Subzone I-Cape Hatteras to Winyah Bay
• Chapter 3 - Coastal Plain-Subzone II-Winyah Bay to St. Johns River
• Chapter 4 - Coastal Plain-Subzone III-St. Johns River to Cape Canaveral
• Chapter 5 - Continental Shelf-Subzone I-Cape Hatteras to Winyah Bay
• Chapter 6 - …

A Socio-Economic Environmental Baseline Summary For The South Atlantic Region Between Cape Hatteras, North Carolina And Cape Canaveral, Florida Volume Ii : Climatology, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

The geographic area covered in this report extends from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, on the north, to Cape Canaveral, Florida, to the·south. Included within this area are portions of the coastal areas of South Carolina and Georgia. All or portions of thirty coastal counties are included within the study area.

Estuaries in this area tend to be partially mixed due to relatively low runoff per mile of coast. The proximity of the Gulf Stream to the continental shelf and the low runoff combine to cause the salinity of the coastal water to be somewhat higher than that of the coastal …

A Socio-Economic Environmental Baseline Summary For The South Atlantic Region Between Cape Hatteras, North Carolina And Cape Canaveral, Florida Volume 1 : Physical Oceanography, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

The paucity of oceanographic data on the continental shelf and in the estuaries south of Cape Hatteras, North carolina hinders attempts to document the oceanographic conditions. In general data are more available and conditions better understood in the estuaries than on the continental shelf.

The estuaries of the Southern Atlantic Bight have not been studied as extensively as the large embayments to the north. Generally the estuaries tend to be partially mixed since runoff and thus river flow is not great in these river systems. Both the distance the tidal effect is felt and the distance up the estuary that …

Studies Of Certain Impacts Of Tropical Storm Agnes On The Chesapeake Bay And Its Tributaries - A Final Report On Activities, William J. Hargis Jr.

Reports

In the summer of 1972 Hurricane Agnes, spawned over the Yucatan Peninsula, developed in full force in the Gulf of Mexico, bulled its way ashore in Western Florida (and Southeastern Alabama) and spent its fury in the interior. It arrived in the Middle-Atlantic States as an Extratropical Storm. At every stage it was disruptive and destructive.

In the Chesapeake Bay Drainage Basin, Agnes was particularly spectacular even though her wind velocities were markedly reduced. In particular, she poured vast amounts of rain on an already saturated land. In rapid succession the James, the Potomac and the Susquehanna were driven into …

Lower York River Dissolved Oxygen Study, Robert A. Jordan

Reports

Past studies of the lowerr York River have shown that dissolved oxygen (D .O.) concentrations decline in the summer months, occasionally falling one mg/ 1 near the bottom in deep water (Brehmer,1970; Jordan,1973) . Due to this apparently natural phenomenon the Virginia water quality standards for D.O. in estuaries (4.0 mg/1 allowable minimum, 5 .0 mg/1 minimum daily average, U.S.. E.P.A,1971), are not met during this period . Therefore additional waste-water discharges into the lower York River will not initiate violation of the standards, but may exacerbate the existing situation by extending the area and the time period affected by …