Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Salt On The Land: The Osmolyte Production And Physiological Responses Of Selected Myrtaceae Species Exposed To Salt And Water Stress, Janelle Atkinson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Glasshouse trials were conducted on Calothamnus quadrifidus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Melaleuca uncinata

to test relative tolerance and uniformity of response in the Myrtaceae family to salt, waterlogging and salt x waterlogging. Seed sources from both saline (SA) and non-saline areas were used to compare differences in survival, growth and proline production to these stresses.

Regional Stratigraphy Of The Newcastle Formation (Lower Cretaceous) In Eastern Montana And Western North Dakota, Adam J. Ulishney

Theses and Dissertations

The Newcastle Formation (Lower Cretaceous) consists of sandstone with interbedded shale, siltstone, and mudstone facies. This work shows that the regional stratigraphy of the unit is detailed enough for the interpretation of its depositional history and environments in eastern Montana. This work also illustrates the possible lowstand position of the Western Interior Seaway along with probable source areas providing sediments into the study area.

A total of 3446 geophysical wireline logs were used to determine formation tops of the Greenhorn, Mowry, Newcastle, Skull Creek, and Inyan Kara Formations. The log character of the Newcastle Formation was also described for all …

Reevaluation Of Species Concepts Of Uppermost Cretaceous Unionidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) : Hell Creek Formation, Montana, U.S.A., Marron J. Bingle

Theses and Dissertations

Species are the basic units of life relative to taxonomy, and a practical definition of species is imperative to paleontology in order to promote reproducible, unambiguous criteria for accurately interpreting past species relationships. The need for a well-defined rubric for identifying species is evident in the freshwater mussel assemblage (Family Unionidae) in the Hell Creek Formation. The Hell Creek Formation unionid species were first described by Whitfield in 1903 and 1907. His descriptions were often based on differences of a single trait. In 197 6, Russell reevaluated the original species descriptions, I but still based the classification of species on …

Conceptualisation Of Speleogenesis In Multi-Storey Artesian Systems: A Model Of Transverse Speleogenesis, Alexander Klimchouk

International Journal of Speleology

Conceptual and respective quantitative models of speleogenesis/karstification developed for unconfined aquifers do not adequately represent speleogenesis in confined settings. A conceptual model for speleogenesis in confined settings is suggested, based on views about hydraulic continuity in artesian basins and close cross-formation communication between aquifers in multi-storey artesian systems. Soluble units sandwiched between insoluble porous/fissured formations (common aquifers) initially serve as low permeability beds separating aquifers in a confined system. Conduits evolve as result of vertical hydraulic communication between aquifers across the soluble bed ("transverse speleogenesis"). Recharge from the adjacent aquifer is dispersed and uniform, and flow paths across the soluble …

Carbonate Records Of Submarine Hydrocarbon Venting: Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Matthew S. Hackworth

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Hydrocarbon seep sediments are examined from 3 sites in the Gulf of Mexico (Green Canyon Lease Blocks 232, 185, and 272) to relate the effects of gas hydrates and hydrocarbons on microbial process, pore fluid chemistry, and the processes of authigenic carbonate formation. Hydrocarbon-fueled microbial reactions result in pore fluids with lowered SO₄^2- (all consumed by –10 cm) and enrichments in H₂S, alkalinity, and DIC (up to 20 mmol, 30 meq/L, and 18 mmol/L, respectively) which promote carbonate formation. Pore fluid d¹³C_DIC (PDB) is influenced by thermogenic hydrocarbons and crude oil in GC …

Sulfur And Oxygen Isotope Characterization Of An Eocene Playa Deposit, Northern High Plains, And Rainwater Sulfate, Baton Rouge, Usa, Kathryn Ann Jenkins

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis is composed of two independent chapters which are linked through the application of multiple stable isotope measurements of sulfate. Chapter 1 compares two Cenozoic playa deposits in the northern High Plains. Anomalous playa sulfate was discovered at Scotts Bluff which is speculated to have originated via the oxidation of volcanically emitted reduced sulfur gases. A question arises, then, is a volcanic origin of sulfate common for other Cenozoic playa deposits in the region. A complete stable isotope characterization was performed on the gypsum sulfate collected at Wolf Butte (nearby apparent playa setting) to determine if the sulfate has …

Isotopic Tracers As Evidence Of Denitrification In The Karlsruhe Aquifer, Eben J. Spencer

Theses and Dissertations

The Karlsruhe Aquifer of north-central North Dakota has experienced considerable nitrate contamination sparking an investigation by the North Dakota State Water Commission. Certain portions of the aquifer have experienced nitrate-N concentrations of up to seven times the drinking water standard. Although contamination is evident it is possible the NO₃¯ is naturally being eliminated by denitrification, whereby bacteria reduce NO₃¯ to nitrogen gas. Evidence of denitrification may be illustrated by accelerated reduction of NO₃¯ relative to the conservative tracer Cl¯ coupled with an increase in the heavy isotopes of 15N and 18O within the NO₃¯ ion. Such an increase is not …

Predicting The Spatial Distribution Of Organic Rich Sediments On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, David Blake

Theses : Honours

The Organic Rich Sediments (ORS) of the Swan Coastal Plain (SCP) are an important component of the ecosystem, an important source of habitat and refuge for many species of fauna and act as natural fire control mechanisms through edaphic measures within the landscape. There have been numerous impacts on ORS, with fire now rated as one of the imminent threats to the continued existence and functioning of these entities. Conversely fire is an important tool for land mangers in their efforts to promote biodiversity and manage fuel loads to prevent wildfires, at present many of these ORS are becoming victim …

Perrennial Grassess - Are They For Me? Workshop Development Guide For Facilitators, Trevor Lacey

Agriculture reports

Farmers will be able to recognise landscape components on their farm that are at risk of salinity (current, imminent or future) and be aware of a range of available options available to them in managing this risk.

Introduction To Salinity - Workshop Development Guide For Facilitator, T M. Lacey

Agriculture reports

Participants will be able to recognise landscape components on their farm, which are at risk of salinity (current, imminent or future) and will be aware of a range of available options available to them to managing this risk.

Transient Detection And Modeling Of Continuous Geodetic Data, Walter Michael Szeliga

All Master's Theses

Transient surface deformation has been observed by continuously operating Global Positioning System stations in the Puget Sound area during the past decade. This surface deformation is associated with processes occurring on or near the subducting plate boundary between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates. This thesis is composed of two studies of transient deformation along the Cascadia plate margin and a discussion of the methodologies employed in these studies. We model one 7-week episode of transient deformation that occurred during 2003 beneath the Puget Sound area. Additionally, we utilize a combination of continuous Global Positioning System and seismic …

Land Evaluation Standards For Land Resource Mapping : Assessing Land Qualities And Determining Land Capability In South-Western Australia, Dennis Van Gool, Peter J. Tille, Geoff Allen Moore

Resource management technical reports

This report describes the standard method for attributing and evaluating conventional land resource survey maps in the south-west agriculture region of Western Australia so that strategic decisions about the management, development and conservation of land resources can be based on the best information available. The standards described are similar to the land suitability assessment (stage one of the two stage) methods described by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO, 1976, 1983).

Wagin-Woodanilling (Zone 5) : Catchment Appraisal 2005, K Ohlsen, T Schulz, T W. Mathwin, Gina Pemberton, Henry Brockman, J Firth, Mitchell Davies, Heather M. Percy

Resource management technical reports

The aim of this report is to assess the current extent of salinity and other natural resource degradation issues and provide landholders with the best current management options to address natural resource management issues and enhance sustainable agricultural production.

Step Workshops - Guide For Facilitators, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Agriculture reports

The STEP workshops can be run as independent modules or as part of the ?A Million Hectares for the Future? workshop series of which the overarching learning outcome is: Participants will be able to identify and make informed decisions to profitably manage salinity on their farms. Outlines the preferred pathway for the modules in the Million Hectares for the Future series.

Assessing Recharge And Discharge Across The Prairie Pothole Landscape: Application Of Spatial Hydrological Data And Statistical Analysis In A Groundwater Flow Model, Christopher D. Laveau

Theses and Dissertations

Quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics between groundwater recharge, discharge, and wetlands is a necessary step to develop effective water management strategies. Wetlands in the northern Great Plains play a role in flood control, water supply, and regional ecology. The water budget of a wetland in the northern prairies is often an unequal balance between moisture input and output in which the permanence of a wetland depends on its groundwater budget. Identifying and quantifying groundwater recharge and discharge zones has applications in predicting the spatial and temporal distribution of wetlands.

The current work involved the application of a groundwater model …

Geomechanics Applied To Reservoir Development In The Coso Geothermal Field, Andrew J. Nygren

Theses and Dissertations

The Coso geothermal field is located approximately 220 kilometers north of Los Angeles, CA. In 2002, a project began to develop the east flank of the Coso geothermal field into an enhanced geothermal system (EGS); in such a system water is injected via injection well(s) into hot dry basement rock through naturally occurring or stimulated fractures. The injected water gathers heat from the reservoir rock before being extracted for direct use or energy production. To develop such a reservoir, adequate understanding of the reservoir geomechanics is necessary. This thesis investigates the state of stress and rock fractures, the existing permeable …

The Effect Of Sample Size On Rapid Bioassessment Scores And Management Efficiency, Uttam Kumar Rai

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid bioassessment method for stream bio monitoring generally uses a fixed count of 200 macro invertebrates as the standard subsample size. This number has been argued to be too small to provide accurate estimates on the richness of macro invertebrate communities and is believed to give misleading information pertaining to stream health. In this study, I used data collected from multiple habitats from 29 streams located in several subecoregions of Georgia to examine how the rapid bioassessment scores perform across subsample sizes of 100, 200, and 300 organisms. Subsample sizes of 100 and 200 organisms were found to underestimate …

Runoff Production In The Upper Rio Chagres Watershed, Panama, Fred Ogden

Fred L. Ogden

Runoff production in tropical watersheds is governed by a wide variety of potential sources and there have been few rigorous studies to date. The 414 km2 upper Río Chagres basin offers a unique opportunity to better understand the runoff production mechanisms in tropical watersheds through data analysis and modeling with rainfall and runoff data. Flow data and tipping bucket rain gage data are available at both the basin outlet (Chico gage) and for an 80.6 km2 internal basin location (Piedras gage). Modeling is performed using the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting Model (SAC-SMA), calibrated using data from 2000 and verified using …

Storm Deposited Fish Debris In The Cretaceous Mowry Shale Near Vernal, Utah, Alvin Anderson, Bart Kowallis

Bart J Kowallis

Isolated, lens-shaped accumulations of fi sh bones, scales, teeth, and coprolites in a sandy matrix occur along a few bedding planes within the Cretaceous Mowry Shale in an outcrop along Highway 191 north of Vernal, Utah. These accumulations have previously been interpreted to be large coprolites or regurgitate material, but are actually storm lag deposits in a sediment-starved basin. Accumulations (lenses) vary in size: the largest measured is 15 x 10 cm in plan view and 2 cm thick. Matrix in these lenses consist of fine-grained, well-rounded quartz grains that are absent in the surrounding shale layers. The disarticulated fossil …

Refining The Geologic Time Scale: An Integrated Biostratigraphic Approach., Daniel Goldman

Daniel Goldman

Funding agency: Petroleum Research Fund Amount: $50,000.00 Investigator: Dr. Goldman, S.A. Leslie Year: 2005/3 yrs

Overview Of Radiometric Ages In Three Allochthonous Belts Of Northern Venezuela: Old Ones, New Ones, And Their Impact On Regional Geology, V Sisson, H Lallemant, M Ostos, Ann Blythe, L Snee, P Copeland, J Wright, R Donelick, L Guth

Ann Blythe

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Persistence Of Sorted Bedforms On The Inner-Shelf Of Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, Benjamin Gutierez, George Voulgaris, Robert Thieler

George Voulgaris

Geological studies offshore of Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina reveal subtle large-scale regions of coarse sand with gravel and shell hash (widths between 100 and 200 m and negative relief of ∼1 m) that trend obliquely to the coast. It was previously suggested that these regions serve as conduits for sand exchange between the shoreface and inner shelf during storm-associated downwelling. Consequently they were classified as rippled scour depressions. More recently, the role of alongshore flows and self-organization as a result of inhibited settling of fine sand has been discussed. In this study, 45 days of near-bed current measurements were analyzed …

Fracturing In A Reverse Drag Fold, Parashant Canyon, Az, Phillip Resor, Patrick Welsh

Phillip G Resor

The western Grand Canyon is a natural laboratory for investigating processes of continental extension due to the great vertical exposure (> 1 km) and the relatively simple pre-extensional structure. We have undertaken a detailed field study of joint frequency in Parashant Canyon, a natural cross-section through the normal fault related Lone Mountain monocline, in order to better understand the role that joints play in accommodating extensional folding. The Lone Mountain monocline is made up of two half-monoclinal flexures: a hanging wall fold in which dips gradually increase toward the fault from a regional dip of 2° to a maximum dip …

Effect Of Channel Bifurcation On Residual Estuarine Circulation: Winyah Bay, South Carolina, Yong Kim, George Voulgaris

George Voulgaris

The residual circulation pattern of Winyah Bay, the fourth largest estuary on the eastern coast of the US, is examined using stationary and shipborne current measurements during periods of low freshwater discharge. The estuary has a complex morphology with a single channel and narrow banks at the river entrance and the bay mouth, and a bifurcated channel system (main and western channels, respectively) in the middle part that appears to affect the residual circulation. Overall, the upper (single channel morphology) and middle (dual-channel morphology) parts of the estuary exhibit a baroclinic residual circulation. The presence of bifurcated channels in the …

Refining The Geologic Time Scale:An Integrated Biostratigraphic Approach, Daniel Goldman

Daniel Goldman

Funding agency: UDRI Seed Grant Amount: $9,000.00

Sustainable Development And Natural Governance: The Challenges Ahead, John Dernbach, Dan Tarlock

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Targets, Timetables And Effective Implementing Mechanisms: Necessary Building Blocks For Sustainable Development, John C. Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Integrating High-Precision Aftershock Locations And Geodetic Observations To Model Coseismic Deformation Associated With The 1995 Kozani-Grevena Earthquake, Greece, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, T J. Wright, G C. Beroza

Phillip G Resor

We integrate high-precision aftershock locations with geodetic inverse modeling to create a more complete kinematic model for the Kozani-Grevena earthquake sequence. Using the double-difference algorithm, we have improved relative hypocentral locations by a factor of ∼7 and thus imaged the details of the fault network associated with the seismic sequence. The interpreted fault network consists of multiple segments including (1) a master normal fault that strikes nearly due west and dips toward the north at 43°, extending from 6 to 15 km depth; (2) an upper segment that connects the top of the seismicity to the observed surface ruptures and …

Inverting For Slip On Three-Dimensional Fault Surfaces Using Angular Dislocations, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, Frantz Maerten, Laurent Maerten

Phillip G Resor

The increasing quality of geodetic data (synthetic aperture radar interferometry [INSAR] dense Global Positioning System [GPS] arrays) now available to geophysicists and geologists are not fully exploited in slip-inversion procedures. Most common methods of inversion use rectangular dislocation segments to model fault ruptures and therefore oversimplify fault geometries. These geometric simplifications can lead to inconsistencies when inverting for slip on earthquake faults, and they preclude a more complete understanding of the role of fault geometry in the earthquake process. We have developed a new three-dimensional slip-inversion method based on the analytical solution for an angular dislocation in a linear-elastic, homogeneous, …

Hartford Basin Cross Section – Southington To Portland, Ct, Phillip G. Resor, J Z. Deboer

Phillip G Resor

No abstract provided.